河南省开封市五县联考2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试题（Word版附解析）

开封市五县联考高二期中考试英语(考试时间：110分钟，满分：120分)注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWithanewyearcomenewopportunities,andthere’snotimelikethepresenttostartlearningmoreaboutpartsoftheworldyou’veneverdreamedofbefore.Forgetthestandardbucketlist:MachuPicchu,MtEverest,GalapagosIslands—theseplacesareover-visited.Andbesides,whyfollowthebeatenpathwhenyoucangetoffit?BlackSandsinCentralAmericaLushgreenforests,amazingsurfbreaks,andvillageruinsgreetvisitorstoElSalvador.ComparedtothepopularCostaRica,thecountry’scoastlineisasurf-enthusiast’sdream.Ifyou’dratherbeunderthewaterthanglidingalongit,thengrabthechancetodiveinalivevolcano.LakeIlopangosits460metersabovesealevel,nearthecapitalofSanSalvador.Freshwatersponges,alongwithfreshwaterfish,lavaflowsalongunderwatercliffsandpillowlavadepositsarejustsomeoftheincrediblesites.Thankstothehotventsinthelakebedthewaterisabalmy85F.RainbowMountainsinChinaHikethemulticolorpeaksinZhangye,GansuProvince,whichisalsohometohiddencaves,rockformation,andtemplesbalancedprecariouslyonclifffaces.TheotherworldlycolorslookjustlikeapaintedrainbowandgivePeru’smuch-visitedmountainsofthesamenamearunfortheirmoney.UntouchedParadiseinOceaniaMadeupof10islands,twolargeandeightsmallerones,thereareveryfewtouristswhomakeitallthewayto Samoa.Packedwithnaturalwonders:oceantrenches,epicwaterfalls,andstunningbeaches,it’samustdoforoutdoorenthusiasts.There’samplehikingtoo,fromWorldWarIIheritagetrailstoa“cloudrainforest”hikeandatrekuptothepeakofMountAlava.RedCrabsinAustraliaTechnicallyanexternalterritoryofAustralia,ChristmasIslandisdominatedbyaround50millionredcrabs.Headtothisremoteislandtowitnessthestunningspectacleoftheirannualmigration,pluskeepaneyeoutformantarays,dolphins,andwhalesharksthatpatrolthe80kmofcoastline.It’snotaneasyplacetogetto,butthenear-desertedbeachesandfriendlycommunitymakeitworththeadventure.1.Ifyouareasurfinglover,whichcountryareyousupposedtogo?A.CostaRica.B.ElSalvador.C.Samoa.D.Australia.2.WhatattractsoutdoorenthusiaststoSamoa?AItiscommunityfriendly.B.Ithasincrediblefreshwatersponges.C.Thereareplentyoffantasticwonders.D.Itsotherworldlycolorslooklikeapaintedrainbow.3.WhatdoesChristmasIslandandSamoahaveincommon?A.Therearehiddencaves.C.Thereisamplehiking.B.Theyareeasytoreach.D.Theyhavebeaches.BMuchofPuertoRicoisstillwithoutpowerafterHurricaneFionastrucktheislandonSept.19.Thestormlaiditindarknessandthousandsofpeopleintrouble,evensomemissing.Yetsomeseesignsofhope.Overthepastfiveyears,around50,000solarandbatterypowersystemshavebeeninstalledonhomesinPuertoRico,saysChrisRauscher,seniordirectorofpublicpolicyatSunrun,thebiggestresidentialsolarcompanyintheUnitedStates.Andalmostallthatequipmentappearstohavecontinuedsupplyingelectricitywhiletheisland’scentralpowersystemwentdark,accordingtomarketparticipantsandindustryobservers.Climatechangeismakinghurricaneswetterandmorepowerful,increasingtheriskstoelectricreliabilityinplaceslikePuertoRico.Thatstrengthensthecaseformoreinvestmentinhomesolarset-ups,Rauschersays.“It’sshowingthatrenewablespairedwithstorage...arereallythefundamentalbuildingblocksofacleanrecoverythatweneedtoreallyfocusonontheislandandelsewhere,”hesays. JohnBerger,chiefmanagerofSunnova,anotherbigsolarcompany,agrees,callingPuertoRico“awindowintothefuture.”“Thetechnology’sjustphysicallyandfundamentallybetter,”thanthetraditionalpowersystem,Bergersays.“Andthat’snotgoingtochange.”Butbigchallengesarestillhangingovertheisland.Lotsofreconstructionisstillneeded.Andnowontopofthat,thehurricaneseasonisnotoveryet.“Thenextstormafterthis—anditwillcome,Idon’tknowifit’snextweekornextyearortwoyearsfromnow,butitwillcome—we’llbeinevenbettershapethanwearerightnow,”Bergersays.4.WhatdidtheHurricaneFionaresultin?A.Thenewly-builtisland’scentralpowersystem.B.PowerfailureinmuchofPuertoRico.C.Thelossofthousandsofpeople.D.Losingeyesightofsomepeople.5.WhyisJohnBergermentionedbytheauthor?A.Tomakethepointconvincing.B.Togivemorechoicesfortheislanders.CTostatethestatusofPuertoRico.D.Tomakecomparisonsbetweenthetwocompanies.6.WhatisthetopchallengeofPuertoRiconow?A.Thereconstructionwork.B.Thecominghurricane.C.Theshortageofmoney.D.Theneedforasafeshelter.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ASevereHurricaneB.NaturalDisastersAreApproachingC.RenewableEnergyGivePuertoRicoLightD.ANewly-rebuiltIslandCFoodwasteisaseriousproblem.In2010,nearly133billionpoundsworthoffoodwastransportedtoU.S.landfills.Foodwasteistrulyawastetoallofhumanity.That’sbecausewhenyouthrowoutarottenappleoramoldycontainerofleftovers,you’renotjustthrowingawaythefood,butalltheresourcesthatwentintoproducingit.Waterplaysamajorroleinfoodproduction,andasaresult,foodwastetranslatestoalargeamountofwaterwastage.Allfoodshaveawaterfootprint,thedirectandindirectwaterthatgoesintoproducingacertainfood,althoughsomefootprintsarelargerthanothers.Ingeneral,meatstendtoneedthemostwaterforproduction,primarilybecauseoftheamountoffoodtheanimalneeds.Also,largeranimalsaren’tasefficientintermsofmeatproductionassmalleranimalslikechickensorturkeys,andthebiggerbeaststhereforehavealargerwaterfootprint.Foodwastehasenvironmentalimpacts,too.“Ifyouputallthefoodwasteintoonecountry,itwouldbetheworld’sthirdlargestgreenhousegasemitter,”saysBrianLipinski,anassociateintheWorldResourceInstitute’s FoodProgram.Decomposing(分解)foodthatmakesitswayintolandfillsreleasesmethane(甲烷),whichissignificantlymoreharmfultotheenvironmentthancarbondioxide.Allisnotlost,however.Therearemanyeffortsunderwaytocutfoodlossateverylevel.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureandtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyrecentlycalledfora50percentreductioninfoodwasteby2030.Meanwhile,Portlandlaunchedacitywidecomposting(堆制肥料)programafewyearsago.Andattheretail(零售)level,theformerpresidentofTraderJoe’srecentlyopenedastorenearBostonthatsellssurplusfooddonatedbygrocerystoresatlowprices.Stillwastecan’tbeavoided.There’snevergoingtobesomeidealorperfectwaytoeliminateitall.Fortunately,changeatanylevel,whetherit’sasasupplier,retailerorconsumer,willhelpeasetheimpactoffoodwasteonnaturalresources.8.Whyiswastingfoodawasteofwaterresources?A.Foodwastecontainsalotofwater.B.Foodwastecauseswaterpollution.C.Foodproductionneedsplentyofwater.D.Dealingwithfoodwasteconsumesmuchwater.9.Howdoesfoodwasteinfluencetheenvironment?A.Itsmellsratherterrible.B.Itpoisonsthesoilseverely.C.Itcarriesalotofbacteria.D.Itreleasesagreenhousegas.10.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Strategiesforensuringfoodsafety.B.Measuresforreducingfoodwaste.C.Benefitsofthecompostingprogram.D.Causesofmonitoringfoodproduction.11.Whatdoestheauthorconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Betterlatethannever.B.Contentisbetterthanriches.C.Manyhandsmakelightwork.D.Makehaywhilethesunshines. DPlant-basedproductshavebeenbreakingintothefoodiemainstreamintheUnitedStates,afteryearsinwhichvegan(素食的)burgersandmilkalternativesknockedonthemarket’sdoor.Thatispartlybecausemorecompaniesaretargetingpeoplewhoseektoreducetheamountofmeattheyeat,ratherthanforswearitaltogether.Now,asfishalternativesbegintoattractinvestmentandlandatrestaurantsintheUnitedStatesandbeyond,peoplewhotrackthefishlessfishsectorsaythatitcouldachievesignificantgrowth.Onereason,theysay,isthatconsumersinrichcountriesarebecomingmoreawareoftheseafoodindustry’senvironmentalproblems,includingoverfishingandthehealthrisksofsomeseafood.Anotheristhattoday’splant-basedcompaniesdoabetterjobofapproachingfishflavorthanearlieronesdid—animportantconsiderationfornon-vegetarians(非素食者).“Thereareanumberofpeoplealreadylookingatalternativehamburgers,”saidJoshuaKatz,ananalystattheconsultingfirmMcKinseywhohasstudiedthealt-protein(替代蛋白)industry.“Youmightactuallysay,‘Ishouldworkonsomethingelse.’Andseafoodisstillamassivemarketwithconvincingreasonstoworkon.”Peoplewhoreducetheirconsumptionofanimalproteinsforenvironmentalreasonsoftenstopeatingredmeat,whichrequiresenormousamountsoflandandwatertofarm.Butalt-fishadvocatessaythatseafoodalsocomeswithenvironmentalproblems.Unsustainablefishingpracticeshavedestroyedfisheries(鱼汤)inrecentdecades,aproblembothforbiodiversityandthemillionsofpeoplewhodependontheseaforincomeandfood.“It’ssimplyasmarterwaytomakeseafood,”saysMirteGosker,theactingmanagingdirectoroftheGoodFoodInstituteAsia-Pacific,anonprofitadvocacygroupthatpromotesalternativeproteins.“Fullstop.”Sofarplant-basedseafoodproductsintheUnitedStatesaccountforonly0.1percentofthecountry’sseafoodsales,lessthan1.4percentoftheU.S.meatmarketoccupiedbyplant-basedmeatalternatives.Butalt-seafoodenterprisesworldwidereceivedatleast$83millionfrominvestorsin2020,comparedwith$1millionthreeyearsearlier.AsofthisJune,83companieswereproducingalt-seafoodproductsaroundtheworld,anearlythreefoldrisesince2017.Allbut18ofthose83companiesfocusonplant-basedproducts.Adozenothersaredevelopinglab-grownseafood,whichisnotyetcommerciallyavailableinanycountry.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“forswear”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Sample.B.Consume.C.Produce.D.Abandon.13.Whichaspectofseafooddonon-vegetariansfocuson?A.Thehealthrisks.B.Theproteinintake.C.Thetasteandmouthfeel.D.Theoverfishingproblem. 14.WhatisMirteGosker’stonewhenhesays“Fullstop”inparagraph6?A.Determined.B.Concerned.C.Humorous.D.Enthusiastic.15.Whatdothefiguresinthelastparagraphmainlyshow?A.Seafoodcompaniesarestruggling.B.Plant-basedmeatproductswillbeatrend.C.Alt-seafoodproductshaveapromisingfuture.D.Seafoodwillbecommerciallyavailablesoon.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youcanlearnalotfromthedesignandcoloroffoodpackaging._____16_____Andifyou’veeverglancedatthebackofafoodpackage,youknowit’sfullofinformation:thestoryofthebrand,nutritionalfigures,ingredients,andsomethingcalleda“servingsize”._____17_____They’reseveralbrightlycoloredcirclesorsquaresthatlooklikesomesortofsecretlanguage.However,theseshapesaren’tanindicationofflavors,vitamins,orminerals.Thecoloredcirclesonfoodpackagescancomeinavarietyofcolors.Apparently,thosecoloredcirclesarecalled“printers’colorblocks”or“processcontrolpatches”._____18_____Weconsultedanexpertprintingengineer,MegSchiraldi,tofindoutexactlywhatthecoloredcirclesmean.“Whenthepackagingisprinted,techniciansneedtocheckthecoloredcircles._____19_____Theycomparethecolortoboxesprintedaroundtheworldtoensuretheconsistentbrandcolor,”Megexplained.Sothereyouhaveit!Coloredcirclesonfoodpackageshelpprinterstomatchcolorswhenthey’reprintingfoodpackagingandensureglobalbrandconsistency._____20_____Thanks,coloredcircles!A.Mostprintersonlyusethefourcolors.B.Thishelpsthemmatchchallengingcolors.C.Withoutthem,foodpackageswouldbeamess.D.There’reotherthingsprintedonthebackofmostfoodpackaging.E.ThecolorofapacketofM&M’s,forexample,cantellyoutheflavor.F.Theydothattoensuretheprintinginkisthecorrectcolorandquality.G.Andthey’retheretohelptheprintingteamwhoprintthefoodpackaging.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Eveninthisageofsmartphones,WakamiyaMasakofeelsolderpeopleinrapidlyagingJapanarekeptoutofthetechloop.Theyare____21____withmoderntechnology.WakamiyaMasakowhoisinher80s,wantedtodosomethingaboutthis.____22____manyolderpeople,she’sbeenusingcomputersforyears.Butshenoticedthatalotofherolderfriendsandneighbourshadahardtimelearningtousesmartphones.It____23____toherthatpartoftheproblemcouldbethattherearen’tanygamesandapps____24____attheiragegroup.Shesaysgamesareagoodwaytomakepeoplecomfortablewithusingnewtechnologies.Soshedecidedtoseeifitwaspossibletocreateagamingappfor____25____.Shefirstturnedtoanexpertforhelpandspoketothepresidentofanappcompany.Buthe____26____shecreatetheappherselfandthathewouldhelpher.Wakamiya____27____thechallengeandstruggledforsixmonthstocreatethegame.In2017,attheageof82,she____28____Hinadan.Thegame____29____Japan’sHinamatsurifestival,acelebrationofGirls’Day.OntheHinadanapp,which_____30_____itsnamefromakindofmulti-leveled_____31_____fordisplayingtraditionalJapanesedolls,usersmustmovedollsinto_____32_____positionsbasedonthedolls’rolestheemperorandtheempress,courtladiesandcourtmusicianswithinstruments.Thepuzzle-likegamehasnowbeenreleasedinfive_____33_____.Wakamiyaisnowfamousathomeandabroadforbeingoneoftheoldestapp_____34_____intheworld.ShehasbeenpraisedbyJapaneseleadersandglobaltechnologyexecutivesfor_____35_____agebarriers.Todayshefrequentlygivestalkstoencourageolderpeopletoovercometheirdiscomfortwithtechnology.21.A.indifferentB.unfamiliarC.uncomfortableD.unconfident22.A.UnlikeB.AlongsideC.BesidesD.Among23A.struckB.occurredC.dawnedD.happened24.A.aimedB.designedC.intendedD.meant25.A.enthusiastsB.friendsC.colleaguesD.seniors26.A.demandedB.suggestedC.urgedD.commanded27.A.turneddownB.specializedinC.tookonD.appealedto28.A.applaudedB.launchedC.purchasedD.created29.A.originatesB.inspiresC.celebratesD.features30.A.writesB.changesC.makesD.takes31.A.chartB.dataC.standD.culture32.A.automaticB.appropriateC.diverseD.apparent 33.A.brandsB.networksC.languagesD.platforms34.A.advocatesB.witnessesC.sponsorsD.developers35.A.conqueringB.narrowingC.ignoringD.cancelling第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。ItisthefirsttimethatLunyu,ortheAnalectsofConfucius,acollectionofideasandsayingsfromtheancientChinesephilosopherConfucius(551-479BC),___36___(translate)intoMaltese(马耳他语).SalvatoreGiuffre,MalteseSinologistandtranslatorofthebookspeaksfluentChineseandworked___37___theMarresedirectorofConfuciusInstituteattheUniversityofMalta.Coveringteachingson___38___rulersshoulddotogovernacountry,thebookcountsamongthemostvaluableliteraryandphilosophicalworksworldwide.TheideaoftranslatingthebookcameaboutwhenChina’sShandongFriendshipPublishingHouseinvitedMalta’sSKSPublisherstoattendaseminaronConfuciusin2017inEastChina’sShandongprovince,___39___birthplaceofConfucius.Theeventfeaturedvariouspublicationsofthebookindifferentlanguages,andSKSPublisherswasaskedto___40___(rich)thecollectionwithaMalteseversion.Giuffrespentaroundtwoyearsmakingthebook___41___(access)toMaltesereaders,especiallytoyoungstudents.Heoccasionallyconsultedversionsofthebook___42___(write)inmodernChinesetoclarifycertainambiguousterms.Healsoaddedcommentsandexplanationstomakethetexteasier___43___(understand).“ItriedtokeepmyMalteseversionasunderstandableaspossibletoenablea___44___(large)circleofreaderstobenefitfromit,”Giuffresays.____45____(look)forward,hesayshehopesthatChinaandMaltacanstrengthencooperationinthefieldofpublishingandcreateopportunitiesformoretranslationprojectsofliteraryworks.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.你们班开展了以“Howoftenmealsareskipped”为题的调查，调查显示绝大多数学生都存在“翘饭”现象，请给校英文报健康栏目写一篇投稿，内容包括：1.调查结果和评论；2.你的建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Duringmytimeinprimaryschool,Iwasanactiveparticipantinsportsandgames.Iwasgoodatathleticsandparticularlyexcelledinlongjumpandsprinting(短跑).MyabilitiesledmetowintheBDivisionlongjumpcompetition,andIwaschosentorepresentmyschoolintheDistrictSportsMeetforboththelongjumpandrelayevents.TheSportsMeetspannedacrosstwodays.Onthefirstday,Ididn’thaveanyscheduledevents,soIeagerlywatchedotherathletescompeting.Tentsweresetupfortheparticipants.Myschoolteamwasassignedthelasttent,whichhappenedtobethefurthestonefromthetrack.Despitethelessthan-ideallocation,wemadethemostoutofit.Theseconddayarrived,anditwasfinallytimeformyevents.Thelongjumptookplaceintheearlyafternoon,followedbythehighlyanticipated8×50mrelaylaterintheday.Asthelongjumpcompetitionbegan,Irealizedthecompetitionwasfierce.ThoughImanagedarespectablejumpof3.65meters,Iwasamazedbyanotherparticipant,aten-year-old,whoeffortlesslyclearedover4meters.Addingtothechallenge,thisremarkableyoungathletealsoworespikes(钉子鞋),whichgavehimanadvantageovertherestofus.Despitefinishinginfourthplace,narrowlymissingoutonamedal,Istayedpositive.However,Istillhadhopeforthe8×50mrelay,whereIwasassignedtorunthefifthlegandpassthebaton(接力棒).Finally,theracedayarrived.Withanticipationbuilding,wetookourpositionsonthetrack.Asthestarter’sgunrang,awaveofexcitementsweptoverme.Iclosely.followedtheprogressofmyteammatesintheearlierlegs,andtomythrill,wewereamongthetopcompetitors,firmlysecuringatleastsecondplace.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Asmyturnarrived,Igraspedthebatonandbegantorun.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________Althoughmyaccidenthadindeedcostusprecioustime,ourteam’sspiritremainedunshaken.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 开封市五县联考高二期中考试英语(考试时间：110分钟，满分：120分)注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接写在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWithanewyearcomenewopportunities,andthere’snotimelikethepresenttostartlearningmoreaboutpartsoftheworldyou’veneverdreamedofbefore.Forgetthestandardbucketlist:MachuPicchu,MtEverest,GalapagosIslands—theseplacesareover-visited.Andbesides,whyfollowthebeatenpathwhenyoucangetoffit?BlackSandsinCentralAmericaLushgreenforests,amazingsurfbreaks,andvillageruinsgreetvisitorstoElSalvador.ComparedtothepopularCostaRica,thecountry’scoastlineisasurf-enthusiast’sdream.Ifyou’dratherbeunderthewaterthanglidingalongit,thengrabthechancetodiveinalivevolcano.LakeIlopangosits460metersabovesealevel,nearthecapitalofSanSalvador.Freshwatersponges,alongwithfreshwaterfish,lavaflowsalongunderwatercliffsandpillowlavadepositsarejustsomeoftheincrediblesites.Thankstothehotventsinthelakebedthewaterisabalmy85F.RainbowMountainsinChinaHikethemulticolorpeaksinZhangye,GansuProvince,whichisalsohometohiddencaves,rockformation,andtemplesbalancedprecariouslyonclifffaces.TheotherworldlycolorslookjustlikeapaintedrainbowandgivePeru’smuch-visitedmountainsofthesamenamearunfortheirmoney.UntouchedParadiseinOceaniaMadeupof10islands,twolargeandeightsmallerones,thereareveryfewtouristswhomakeitallthewayto Samoa.Packedwithnaturalwonders:oceantrenches,epicwaterfalls,andstunningbeaches,it’samustdoforoutdoorenthusiasts.There’samplehikingtoo,fromWorldWarIIheritagetrailstoa“cloudrainforest”hikeandatrekuptothepeakofMountAlava.RedCrabsinAustraliaTechnicallyanexternalterritoryofAustralia,ChristmasIslandisdominatedbyaround50millionredcrabs.Headtothisremoteislandtowitnessthestunningspectacleoftheirannualmigration,pluskeepaneyeoutformantarays,dolphins,andwhalesharksthatpatrolthe80kmofcoastline.It’snotaneasyplacetogetto,butthenear-desertedbeachesandfriendlycommunitymakeitworththeadventure.1.Ifyouareasurfinglover,whichcountryareyousupposedtogo?A.CostaRica.B.ElSalvador.C.Samoa.D.Australia.2.WhatattractsoutdoorenthusiaststoSamoa?A.Itiscommunityfriendly.B.Ithasincrediblefreshwatersponges.C.Thereareplentyoffantasticwonders.D.Itsotherworldlycolorslooklikeapaintedrainbow.3.WhatdoesChristmasIslandandSamoahaveincommon?A.Therearehiddencaves.C.Thereisamplehiking.B.Theyareeasytoreach.D.Theyhavebeaches.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些不常被游客所了解的目的地，包括中美洲的黑沙滩、甘肃省张掖的多色山峰、大洋洲的萨摩亚和澳大利亚的圣诞岛。这些地方都有独特的自然景观和户外活动，适合喜欢冒险和探索的旅行者。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据BlackSandsinCentralAmerica的第一、二句“Lushgreenforests,amazingsurfbreaks,andvillageruinsgreetvisitorstoElSalvador.ComparedtothepopularCostaRica,thecountry’scoastlineisasurf-enthusiast’sdream.(郁郁葱葱的绿色森林，令人惊叹的冲浪休息，h还有村庄废墟，迎接游客到萨尔瓦多。与受欢迎的哥斯达黎加相比，该国的海岸线是冲浪爱好者的梦想之地。)”可知，ElSalvador的海岸线是冲浪爱好者的梦想之地。如果你是一个冲浪爱好者，你应该去ElSalvador。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据UntouchedParadiseinOceania的“Packedwithnaturalwonders:oceantrenches,epic waterfalls,andstunningbeaches,it’samustdoforoutdoorenthusiasts.(这里充满了自然奇观：海沟、史诗般的瀑布和迷人的海滩，是户外爱好者的必去之地。)”可知，吸引着户外运动爱好者来到萨摩亚的是当地的奇妙的自然奇观。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据RedCrabsinAustralia的“It’snotaneasyplacetogetto,butthenear-desertedbeachesandfriendlycommunitymakeitworththeadventure.(这不是一个容易到达的地方，但几乎无人的海滩和友好的社区使它值得冒险。)”，以及UntouchedParadiseinOceania的“Packedwithnaturalwonders:oceantrenches,epicwaterfalls,andstunningbeaches,it’samustdoforoutdoorenthusiasts.(这里充满了自然奇观：海沟、史诗般的瀑布和迷人的海滩，是户外爱好者的必去之地。)”可知，两处的共同之处为：海滩。故选D项。BMuchofPuertoRicoisstillwithoutpowerafterHurricaneFionastrucktheislandonSept.19.Thestormlaiditindarknessandthousandsofpeopleintrouble,evensomemissing.Yetsomeseesignsofhope.Overthepastfiveyears,around50,000solarandbatterypowersystemshavebeeninstalledonhomesinPuertoRico,saysChrisRauscher,seniordirectorofpublicpolicyatSunrun,thebiggestresidentialsolarcompanyintheUnitedStates.Andalmostallthatequipmentappearstohavecontinuedsupplyingelectricitywhiletheisland’scentralpowersystemwentdark,accordingtomarketparticipantsandindustryobservers.Climatechangeismakinghurricaneswetterandmorepowerful,increasingtheriskstoelectricreliabilityinplaceslikePuertoRico.Thatstrengthensthecaseformoreinvestmentinhomesolarset-ups,Rauschersays.“It’sshowingthatrenewablespairedwithstorage...arereallythefundamentalbuildingblocksofacleanrecoverythatweneedtoreallyfocusonontheislandandelsewhere,”hesays.JohnBerger,chiefmanagerofSunnova,anotherbigsolarcompany,agrees,callingPuertoRico“awindowintothefuture.”“Thetechnology’sjustphysicallyandfundamentallybetter,”thanthetraditionalpowersystem,Bergersays.“Andthat’snotgoingtochange.”Butbigchallengesarestillhangingovertheisland.Lotsofreconstructionisstillneeded.Andnowontopofthat,thehurricaneseasonisnotoveryet.“Thenextstormafterthis—anditwillcome,Idon’tknowifit’snextweekornextyearortwoyearsfromnow,butitwillcome—we’llbeinevenbettershapethanwearerightnow,”Bergersays.4.WhatdidtheHurricaneFionaresultin?A.Thenewly-builtisland’scentralpowersystem.B.PowerfailureinmuchofPuertoRico.C.Thelossofthousandsofpeople.D.Losingeyesightofsomepeople. 5.WhyisJohnBergermentionedbytheauthor?A.Tomakethepointconvincing.B.Togivemorechoicesfortheislanders.C.TostatethestatusofPuertoRico.D.Tomakecomparisonsbetweenthetwocompanies.6.WhatisthetopchallengeofPuertoRiconow?A.Thereconstructionwork.B.Thecominghurricane.C.Theshortageofmoney.D.Theneedforasafeshelter.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ASevereHurricaneB.NaturalDisastersAreApproachingC.RenewableEnergyGivePuertoRicoLightD.ANewly-rebuiltIsland【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了PuertoRico遭台风袭击后对能源的思考与解决。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“Thestormlaiditindarknessandthousandsofpeopleintrouble,evensomemissing.(风暴使它陷入黑暗，成千上万的人陷入困境，甚至有些人失踪)”可知，PuertoRico遭台风袭击后出现电力故障。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段““It’sshowingthatrenewablespairedwithstorage...arereallythefundamentalbuildingblocksofacleanrecoverythatweneedtoreallyfocusonontheislandandelsewhere,”hesays.(他说：“这表明，可再生能源与储存相结合……确实是清洁复苏的基本组成部分，我们需要在岛上和其他地方真正关注这一点。”)”以及第五段第一句话“JohnBerger,chiefmanagerofSunnova,anotherbigsolarcompany,agrees,callingPuertoRico“awindowintothefuture.”(另一家大型太阳能公司Sunnova的首席经理JohnBerger对此表示赞同，称波多黎各是“通往未来的窗口”。)”可知，JohnBerger同意前面提到的“再生能源与储存相结合是清洁能源复苏的基本组成部分。”的这个观点。由此可推知，文章提到JohnBerger是为了让文章提出的观点更有说服力。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句话“Andnowontopofthat,thehurricaneseasonisnotoveryet.(除此之外，飓风季节还没有结束)”可知，最大的挑战是台风季节并没过去，也就是说，随时到来的台风是最大的挑战。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要介绍了PuertoRico 遭台风袭击后对能源的思考与解决，太阳能将会为其带来曙光，C项“可再生能源给Rico带来曙光”适合做文章标题。故选C。CFoodwasteisaseriousproblem.In2010,nearly133billionpoundsworthoffoodwastransportedtoU.S.landfills.Foodwasteistrulyawastetoallofhumanity.That’sbecausewhenyouthrowoutarottenappleoramoldycontainerofleftovers,you’renotjustthrowingawaythefood,butalltheresourcesthatwentintoproducingit.Waterplaysamajorroleinfoodproduction,andasaresult,foodwastetranslatestoalargeamountofwaterwastage.Allfoodshaveawaterfootprint,thedirectandindirectwaterthatgoesintoproducingacertainfood,althoughsomefootprintsarelargerthanothers.Ingeneral,meatstendtoneedthemostwaterforproduction,primarilybecauseoftheamountoffoodtheanimalneeds.Also,largeranimalsaren’tasefficientintermsofmeatproductionassmalleranimalslikechickensorturkeys,andthebiggerbeaststhereforehavealargerwaterfootprint.Foodwastehasenvironmentalimpacts,too.“Ifyouputallthefoodwasteintoonecountry,itwouldbetheworld’sthirdlargestgreenhousegasemitter,”saysBrianLipinski,anassociateintheWorldResourceInstitute’sFoodProgram.Decomposing(分解)foodthatmakesitswayintolandfillsreleasesmethane(甲烷),whichissignificantlymoreharmfultotheenvironmentthancarbondioxide.Allisnotlost,however.Therearemanyeffortsunderwaytocutfoodlossateverylevel.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureandtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyrecentlycalledfora50percentreductioninfoodwasteby2030.Meanwhile,Portlandlaunchedacitywidecomposting(堆制肥料)programafewyearsago.Andattheretail(零售)level,theformerpresidentofTraderJoe’srecentlyopenedastorenearBostonthatsellssurplusfooddonatedbygrocerystoresatlowprices.Still,wastecan’tbeavoided.There’snevergoingtobesomeidealorperfectwaytoeliminateitall.Fortunately,changeatanylevel,whetherit’sasasupplier,retailerorconsumer,willhelpeasetheimpactoffoodwasteonnaturalresources.8.Whyiswastingfoodawasteofwaterresources?A.Foodwastecontainsalotofwater.B.Foodwastecauseswaterpollution.C.Foodproductionneedsplentyofwater.D.Dealingwithfoodwasteconsumesmuchwater.9Howdoesfoodwasteinfluencetheenvironment?A.Itsmellsratherterrible.B.Itpoisonsthesoilseverely. C.Itcarriesalotofbacteria.D.Itreleasesagreenhousegas.10.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Strategiesforensuringfoodsafety.B.Measuresforreducingfoodwaste.C.Benefitsofthecompostingprogram.D.Causesofmonitoringfoodproduction.11.Whatdoestheauthorconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Betterlatethannever.B.Contentisbetterthanriches.C.Manyhandsmakelightwork.D.Makehaywhilethesunshines.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了食物浪费不仅浪费了生产过程中使用的资源，而且会对环境造成负面影响，现在各方正在采取措施减少食物浪费，以缓解食物浪费对自然资源的影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Waterplaysamajorroleinfoodproduction,andasaresult,foodwastetranslatestoalargeamountofwaterwastage.（水在食物生产中起着重要作用，因此，食物浪费转化为大量的水浪费。）”可知，浪费食物就是在浪费水是因为食物生产过程中需要大量的水。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Decomposing(分解)foodthatmakesitswayintolandfillsreleasesmethane(甲烷),whichissignificantlymoreharmfultotheenvironmentthancarbondioxide.（食物分解后进入垃圾填埋场会释放出甲烷，这比二氧化碳对环境的危害要大得多。）”可知，被浪费的食物会释放出温室气体，破坏环境。故选D项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Therearemanyeffortsunderwaytocutfoodlossateverylevel.TheU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureandtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyrecentlycalledfora50percentreductioninfoodwasteby2030.Meanwhile,Portlandlaunchedacitywidecomposting(堆制肥料)programafewyearsago.Andattheretail(零售)level,theformerpresidentofTraderJoe’srecentlyopenedastorenearBostonthatsellssurplusfooddonatedbygrocerystoresatlowprices.（在各个层面上都在努力减少食物损失。美国农业部和环境保护署最近呼吁到 2030年将食物浪费减少50%。与此同时，波特兰在几年前启动了一项全市范围的堆肥计划。在零售层面，TraderJoe’s的前总裁最近在波士顿附近开了一家店，以低价出售杂货店捐赠的剩余食品。）”可知，本段介绍了各方为减少食物损失而采取的措施，既有宏观政策层面的，也有零售层面的。故选B项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Still,wastecan’tbeavoided.There’snevergoingtobesomeidealorperfectwaytoeliminateitall.Fortunately,changeatanylevel,whetherit’sasasupplier,retailerorconsumer,willhelpeasetheimpactoffoodwasteonnaturalresources.（然而，浪费是无法避免的。永远不会有理想或完美的方法来消除它。幸运的是，任何层面的改变，无论是作为供应商、零售商还是消费者，都将有助于缓解食物浪费对自然资源的影响。）”可知，虽然食物浪费无法完美地解决，但是任何一方的努力都可以缓解它对自然资源造成的影响。由此推知，作者想表达在采取行动减少食物浪费的问题上，迟做总比不做好。故选A项。DPlant-basedproductshavebeenbreakingintothefoodiemainstreamintheUnitedStates,afteryearsinwhichvegan(素食的)burgersandmilkalternativesknockedonthemarket’sdoor.Thatispartlybecausemorecompaniesaretargetingpeoplewhoseektoreducetheamountofmeattheyeat,ratherthanforswearitaltogether.Now,asfishalternativesbegintoattractinvestmentandlandatrestaurantsintheUnitedStatesandbeyond,peoplewhotrackthefishlessfishsectorsaythatitcouldachievesignificantgrowth.Onereason,theysay,isthatconsumersinrichcountriesarebecomingmoreawareoftheseafoodindustry’senvironmentalproblems,includingoverfishingandthehealthrisksofsomeseafood.Anotheristhattoday’splant-basedcompaniesdoabetterjobofapproachingfishflavorthanearlieronesdid—animportantconsiderationfornon-vegetarians(非素食者).“Thereareanumberofpeoplealreadylookingatalternativehamburgers,”saidJoshuaKatz,ananalystattheconsultingfirmMcKinseywhohasstudiedthealt-protein(替代蛋白)industry.“Youmightactuallysay,‘Ishouldworkonsomethingelse.’Andseafoodisstillamassivemarketwithconvincingreasonstoworkon.”Peoplewhoreducetheirconsumptionofanimalproteinsforenvironmentalreasonsoftenstopeatingredmeat,whichrequiresenormousamountsoflandandwatertofarm.Butalt-fishadvocatessaythatseafoodalsocomeswithenvironmentalproblems.Unsustainablefishingpracticeshavedestroyedfisheries(鱼汤)inrecentdecades,aproblembothforbiodiversityandthemillionsofpeoplewhodependontheseaforincomeandfood.“It’ssimplyasmarterwaytomakeseafood,”saysMirteGosker,theactingmanagingdirectoroftheGoodFoodInstituteAsia-Pacific,anonprofitadvocacygroupthatpromotesalternativeproteins.“Fullstop.”Sofarplant-basedseafoodproductsintheUnitedStatesaccountforonly0.1percentofthecountry’sseafood sales,lessthan1.4percentoftheU.S.meatmarketoccupiedbyplant-basedmeatalternatives.Butalt-seafoodenterprisesworldwidereceivedatleast$83millionfrominvestorsin2020,comparedwith$1millionthreeyearsearlier.AsofthisJune,83companieswereproducingalt-seafoodproductsaroundtheworld,anearlythreefoldrisesince2017.Allbut18ofthose83companiesfocusonplant-basedproducts.Adozenothersaredevelopinglab-grownseafood,whichisnotyetcommerciallyavailableinanycountry.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“forswear”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Sample.B.Consume.C.Produce.D.Abandon.13.Whichaspectofseafooddonon-vegetariansfocuson?A.Thehealthrisks.B.Theproteinintake.C.Thetasteandmouthfeel.D.Theoverfishingproblem.14.WhatisMirteGosker’stonewhenhesays“Fullstop”inparagraph6?A.Determined.B.Concerned.C.Humorous.D.Enthusiastic.15.Whatdothefiguresinthelastparagraphmainlyshow?A.Seafoodcompaniesarestruggling.B.Plant-basedmeatproductswillbeatrend.C.Alt-seafoodproductshaveapromisingfuture.D.Seafoodwillbecommerciallyavailablesoon.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了植物性产品已成为美国素食家的主流食物替代品，逐渐敲开了市场的大门。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“Thatispartlybecausemorecompaniesaretargetingpeoplewhoseektoreducetheamountofmeattheyeat,ratherthanforswearitaltogether.(这在一定程度上是因为越来越多的公司瞄准了那些试图减少肉类摄入量的人，而不是完全____肉类)”可知此处划线单词和前面的动词reduce相呼应，表示肉类的摄入是减少而不是“完全放弃”，因此第一段中带下划线的单词的意思是“D.Abandon放弃”，故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“Anotheristhattoday’splant-basedcompaniesdoabetterjobofapproachingfishflavorthanearlieronesdid—animportantconsiderationfornon-vegetarians(非素食者).(另一个原因是，与早期相比，今天的植物性公司在接近鱼类风味方面做得更好，这是非素食者要考虑的一个重因素)” 可知，非素食主义者关注海鲜的味道和口感方面。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。文章第四段讲到“Peoplewhoreducetheirconsumptionofanimalproteinsforenvironmentalreasonsoftenstopeatingredmeat,whichrequiresenormousamountsoflandandwatertofarm.(由于环境原因减少动物蛋白消费的人通常会停止食用红肉，因为红肉需要大量的土地和水来耕种。)”以及第六段讲到“It’ssimplyasmarterwaytomakeseafood(这只是一种更聪明的海鲜制作方法)”可知MirteGosker认为这种海鲜制作方法是可行的，因此第六段中说“到此为止，不必多说”时的语气是坚定的，故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“AsofthisJune,83companieswereproducingalt-seafoodproductsaroundtheworld,anearlythreefoldrisesince2017.Allbut18ofthose83companiesfocusonplant-basedproducts.(截至今年6月，全球有83家公司生产另类海鲜产品，自2017年以来增长了近三倍。在这83家公司中，除18家外，其余都专注于植物性产品。)”可知，最后一段的数字主要表明了替代海鲜产品前景光明，故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Youcanlearnalotfromthedesignandcoloroffoodpackaging._____16_____Andifyou’veeverglancedatthebackofafoodpackage,youknowit’sfullofinformation:thestoryofthebrand,nutritionalfigures,ingredients,andsomethingcalleda“servingsize”._____17_____They’reseveralbrightlycoloredcirclesorsquaresthatlooklikesomesortofsecretlanguage.However,theseshapesaren’tanindicationofflavors,vitamins,orminerals.Thecoloredcirclesonfoodpackagescancomeinavarietyofcolors.Apparently,thosecoloredcirclesarecalled“printers’colorblocks”or“processcontrolpatches”._____18_____Weconsultedanexpertprintingengineer,MegSchiraldi,tofindoutexactlywhatthecoloredcirclesmean.“Whenthepackagingisprinted,techniciansneedtocheckthecoloredcircles._____19_____Theycomparethecolortoboxesprintedaroundtheworldtoensuretheconsistentbrandcolor,”Megexplained.Sothereyouhaveit!Coloredcirclesonfoodpackageshelpprinterstomatchcolorswhenthey’reprintingfoodpackagingandensureglobalbrandconsistency._____20_____Thanks,coloredcircles!A.Mostprintersonlyusethefourcolors.B.Thishelpsthemmatchchallengingcolors.C.Withoutthem,foodpackageswouldbeamess.D.There’reotherthingsprintedonthebackofmostfoodpackaging. E.ThecolorofapacketofM&M’s,forexample,cantellyoutheflavor.F.Theydothattoensuretheprintinginkisthecorrectcolorandquality.G.Andthey’retheretohelptheprintingteamwhoprintthefoodpackaging.【答案】16E17.D18.G19.F20.C【解析】【导语】本是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食品包装的设计和颜色会传递很多信息，其中食品包装上的彩色圆圈要颜色匹配，并确保全球品牌一致性。【16题详解】上文“Youcanlearnalotfromthedesignandcoloroffoodpackaging.(你可以从食品包装的设计和颜色中了解很多东西)”说明食品包装能够传递很多信息，空格处是具体举例，因此E项“例如，一包M&M的颜色可以告诉你味道”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】下文“They’reseveralbrightlycoloredcirclesorsquaresthatlooklikesomesortofsecretlanguage(它们是几个颜色鲜艳的圆圈或正方形，看起来像某种秘密语言)”说明的是食品包装上印刷的是什么，注意此句中的代词They代指的是D选项中的“otherthings”，因此D项“大多数食品包装的背面都印有其他东西”符合语境，故选D。【18题详解】上文“Apparently,thosecoloredcirclesarecalled‘printers’colorblocks’or‘processcontrolpatches’.(显然，这些彩色圆圈被称为‘打印机的色块’或‘过程控制补丁’)”介绍的是食品包装上的彩色圆圈，空格处解释食品包装上的彩色圆圈的功能，因此G项“它们在那里帮助印刷食品包装的印刷团队”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】上文“Whenthepackagingisprinted,techniciansneedtocheckthecoloredcircles(印刷包装时，技术人员需要检查彩色圆圈)”以及下文“Theycomparethecolortoboxesprintedaroundtheworldtoensuretheconsistentbrandcolor(他们将颜色与世界各地印刷的盒子进行比较，以确保品牌颜色一致)”说明的是检查色圈的必要性和作用，因此F项“他们这样做是为了确保印刷油墨的颜色和质量正确”符合语境，故选F。【20题详解】上文“Coloredcirclesonfoodpackageshelpprinterstomatchcolorswhenthey’reprintingfoodpackagingandensureglobalbrandconsistency(食品包装上的彩色圆圈有助于打印机在打印食品包装时匹配颜色，并确保全球品牌一致性)”说明的是颜色匹配的重要性，空格处从反面起到了强调作用，因此C项“ 如果没有它们，食品包装就会一团糟”符合语境，故选C。第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Eveninthisageofsmartphones,WakamiyaMasakofeelsolderpeopleinrapidlyagingJapanarekeptoutofthetechloop.Theyare____21____withmoderntechnology.WakamiyaMasako,whoisinher80s,wantedtodosomethingaboutthis.____22____manyolderpeople,she’sbeenusingcomputersforyears.Butshenoticedthatalotofherolderfriendsandneighbourshadahardtimelearningtousesmartphones.It____23____toherthatpartoftheproblemcouldbethattherearen’tanygamesandapps____24____attheiragegroup.Shesaysgamesareagoodwaytomakepeoplecomfortablewithusingnewtechnologies.Soshedecidedtoseeifitwaspossibletocreateagamingappfor____25____.Shefirstturnedtoanexpertforhelpandspoketothepresidentofanappcompany.Buthe____26____shecreatetheappherselfandthathewouldhelpher.Wakamiya____27____thechallengeandstruggledforsixmonthstocreatethegame.In2017,attheageof82,she____28____Hinadan.Thegame____29____Japan’sHinamatsurifestival,acelebrationofGirls’Day.OntheHinadanapp,which_____30_____itsnamefromakindofmulti-leveled_____31_____fordisplayingtraditionalJapanesedolls,usersmustmovedollsinto_____32_____positionsbasedonthedolls’rolestheemperorandtheempress,courtladiesandcourtmusicianswithinstruments.Thepuzzle-likegamehasnowbeenreleasedinfive_____33_____.Wakamiyaisnowfamousathomeandabroadforbeingoneoftheoldestapp_____34_____intheworld.ShehasbeenpraisedbyJapaneseleadersandglobaltechnologyexecutivesfor_____35_____agebarriers.Todayshefrequentlygivestalkstoencourageolderpeopletoovercometheirdiscomfortwithtechnology.21.A.indifferentB.unfamiliarC.uncomfortableD.unconfident22.A.UnlikeB.AlongsideC.BesidesD.Among23.A.struckB.occurredC.dawnedD.happened24.A.aimedB.designedC.intendedD.meant25.A.enthusiastsB.friendsC.colleaguesD.seniors26.A.demandedB.suggestedC.urgedD.commanded27A.turneddownB.specializedinC.tookonD.appealedto28.A.applaudedB.launchedC.purchasedD.created29.A.originatesB.inspiresC.celebratesD.features 30.A.writesB.changesC.makesD.takes31A.chartB.dataC.standD.culture32.A.automaticB.appropriateC.diverseD.apparent33.A.brandsB.networksC.languagesD.platforms34.A.advocatesB.witnessesC.sponsorsD.developers35.A.conqueringB.narrowingC.ignoringD.cancelling【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.A25.D26.B27.C28.B29.D30.D31.C32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了若宫雅子WakamiyaMasako设计创作了一款名为Hinadn的APP来帮助老年人克服对技术的不适，并获得很大成功的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们对现代技术感到不舒服。A.indifferent漠不关心的；B.unfamiliar不熟悉的；C.uncomfortable不舒服的；D.unconfident不自信的。根据“…arekeptoutofthetechloop”以及下文“Shesaysgamesareagoodwaytomakepeoplecomfortablewithusingnewtechnologies.”以及文章最后一句中“encourageolderpeopletoovercometheirdiscomfortwithtechnology”可知，他们常常对现代技术感到不舒服。故选C。【22题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：不像许多老年人，她多年来一直在使用电脑。A.Unlike不像；B.Alongside在……旁边，沿着……的边；C.Besides除了；D.Among在……中。根据“Butshenoticedthatalotofherolderfriendsandneighbourshadahardtimelearningtousesmartphones.”推知，WakamiyaMasako不像其他老人，她一直在使用电脑。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她突然想到，问题的一部分可能是没有任何针对他们年龄段的游戏和应用程序。A.struck打击；B.occurred发生；C.dawned突然明白，破晓；D.happened发生，碰巧。根据“partoftheproblemcouldbethattherearen’tanygamesandapps____4____attheiragegroup.”可知，这是WakamiyaMasako想到的事情。itoccurstosb.that“某人突然想到”。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她突然想到，问题的一部分可能是没有任何针对他们年龄段的游戏和应用程序。A.aimed瞄准，目的是；B.designed设计；C.intended打算；D.meant意思是，意味着。根据下文 “Soshedecidedtoseeifitwaspossibletocreateagamingappfor____5____.”可知，此处是指没有专门针对老年人的游戏和应用程序，beaimedat“针对，瞄准”符合题意。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此她决定看看是否有可能为老年人创建一个游戏应用程序。A.enthusiasts热衷者，热心人；friends朋友；C.colleagues同事；D.seniors老年人。根据上文“manyolderpeople”可知，此处是指为老年人设计适合他们的游戏应用程序。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他建议她自己创建应用程序，并表明他会帮助她。A.demanded要求；B.suggested建议；C.urged催促，敦促；D.commanded命令。根据上文“Shefirstturnedtoanexpertforhelpandspoketothepresidentofanappcompany.”和本句表示转折意义的but可知，Wakamiya首先求助于专家，与一家应用公司的总裁交谈，但他建议她自己创建应用程序。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：Wakamiya接受了挑战，并未创作这款游戏而奋斗了六个月。A.turneddown调小，拒绝；B.specializedin专攻；C.tookon承担，接受，显现；D.appealedto吸引。根据“struggledforsixmonthstocreatethegame”可知，Wakamiya接受了挑战。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2017年，即她82岁之际，她发布了Hindan。A.applauded鼓掌；B.launched发射，发动，发布；C.purchased购买；D.created创造。根据上文“struggledforsixmonthstocreatethegame.”可知，她为创造这款游戏而奋斗了六个月，接下来应是发布这款应用程序。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该游戏以日本传统的节日Hinamatsuri为特色，一个庆祝女孩节的节日。A.originates起源于；B.inspires启发，鼓舞；C.celebrates庆祝；D.features以……为特征。根据“Japan’sHinamatsurifestival”可知，此处是在介绍这款应用程序的特色。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Hinadan应用程序的名字来源于一种用于展示传统日本娃娃的多层支架，玩家必须根据玩偶的角色将玩偶移动到适当的位置：皇帝和皇后、宫廷女性和带乐器的宫廷音乐家。A.writes写；B.changes改变；C.makes制作，使得；D.takes拿。结合句意，此处考查固定短语takeitsnamefrom“以……命名”，即Hinadan这个名词是以一种用于展示传统日本娃娃的多层支架命名。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hinadan应用程序的名字来源于一种用于展示传统日本娃娃的多层支架，玩家必须根据玩偶的角色将玩偶移动到适当的位置：皇帝和皇后、宫廷女性和带乐器的宫廷音乐家。A.chart 图标；B.data数据；C.stand小摊，支架；D.culture文化。根据“ordisplayingtraditionalJapanesedolls”可知，此处是指一种可以展示娃娃的多层支架。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hinadan应用程序的名字来源于一种用于展示传统日本娃娃的多层支架，玩家必须根据玩偶的角色将玩偶移动到适当的位置：皇帝和皇后、宫廷女性和带乐器的宫廷音乐家。A.automatic自动的；B.appropriate适当的；C.diverse多种多样的；D.apparent明显的。结合常识可知，想要完成游戏就要将角色玩偶移到适当的位置，即它们应该在的位置。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这款类似谜题的游戏现在已经以五种语言发布。A.brands品牌；B.networks网络；C.languages语言；D.platforms平台。根据下文“Wakamiyaisnowfamousathomeandabroad…”可知，这款益智类游戏现已以五种语言发布。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wakamiya现在是世界上最老的应用程序开发者之一，在国内外都很有名。A.advocates倡导者；B.witnesses目击者；C.sponsors支持者；D.developers开发人员。根据上文“In2017,attheageof82,she____8____Hindan.”可知，Wakamiya是一个应用程序的开发者。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她因克服年龄障碍而受到日本领导人和全球技术高管的称赞。A.conquering占领，克服；B.narrowing变窄；C.ignoring忽略；D.cancelling取消。根据上文“In2017,attheageof82,she____8____Hindan.”可知，此处是指Wakamiya克服年龄的障碍开发了有益于老年人的应用程序。故选A。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。ItisthefirsttimethatLunyu,ortheAnalectsofConfucius,acollectionofideasandsayingsfromtheancientChinesephilosopherConfucius(551-479BC),___36___(translate)intoMaltese(马耳他语).SalvatoreGiuffre,MalteseSinologistandtranslatorofthebookspeaksfluentChineseandworked___37___theMarresedirectorofConfuciusInstituteattheUniversityofMalta.Coveringteachingson___38___rulersshoulddotogovernacountry,thebookcountsamongthemostvaluableliteraryandphilosophicalworksworldwide.TheideaoftranslatingthebookcameaboutwhenChina’sShandongFriendshipPublishingHouseinvitedMalta’sSKSPublisherstoattendaseminaronConfuciusin2017inEastChina’sShandongprovince,___39___birthplaceofConfucius.Theeventfeaturedvariouspublicationsofthebookindifferentlanguages,andSKSPublisherswasaskedto___40___(rich)thecollectionwithaMalteseversion. Giuffrespentaroundtwoyearsmakingthebook___41___(access)toMaltesereaders,especiallytoyoungstudents.Heoccasionallyconsultedversionsofthebook___42___(write)inmodernChinesetoclarifycertainambiguousterms.Healsoaddedcommentsandexplanationstomakethetexteasier___43___(understand).“ItriedtokeepmyMalteseversionasunderstandableaspossibletoenablea___44___(large)circleofreaderstobenefitfromit,”Giuffresays.____45____(look)forward,hesayshehopesthatChinaandMaltacanstrengthencooperationinthefieldofpublishingandcreateopportunitiesformoretranslationprojectsofliteraryworks.【答案】36.hasbeentranslated37.as38.what39.the40.enrich41.accessible42.written43.tounderstand44.larger45.Looking【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。报道了中国古代哲学家孔子的思想和语录集《论语》第一次由马耳他汉学家SalvatoreGiuffre翻译成马耳他语的情况。【36题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这是第一次将中国古代哲学家孔子（公元前551年至公元前479年）的思想和语录集《论语》翻译成马耳他语。谓语动词translate和主语之是被动关系，根据前文固定句型Itisthefirsttimethat可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填hasbeentranslated。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：该书的译者、马耳他汉学家SalvatoreGiuffre说一口流利的中文，曾任马耳他大学孔子学院院长。workas“任……职，担任……工作”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填as。【38题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这本书涵盖了统治者应该如何治理国家的教义，是世界上最有价值的文学和哲学作品之一。此处应用连接代词what引导宾语从句作介词on的宾语，what在从句中作do的宾语，表示“……的事”。故填what。【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：2017年，中国山东友谊出版社邀请马耳他SKS出版社参加在孔子诞生地山东省举行的孔子研讨会，产生了翻译这本书的想法。名词birthplace有后置定语介词短语ofConfucius 修饰，是特指概念，应用定冠词限定。故填the。【40题详解】考查动词。句意：该活动以不同语言的各种书籍为特色，SKS出版社被要求用马耳他版本丰富该书的收藏。此处应用其动词原形enrich“使丰富”和to构成动词不定式作主语补足语，符合句意。故填enrich。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：Giuffre花了大约两年的时间让马耳他读者，尤其是年轻学生能够阅读这本书。根据前文makingthebook可知，此处应用其形容词accessible作宾语补足语，符合句意。故填accessible。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他偶尔会查阅这本书的现代中文版本，以澄清某些模棱两可的术语。此处为非谓语，动词write和名词book之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词作后置定语。故填written。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他还添加了评论和解释，使文本更容易理解。根据前文makethetexteasier可知，此处应用其动词不定式在形容词后作状语，这是一种不定式主动形式表被动含义的说法，不定式tounderstand的逻辑宾语为thetext。故填tounderstand。【44题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：Giuffre说：“我试图让我的马耳他语版本尽可能容易理解，让更多的读者从中受益。”根据前文句意可知，此处应用形容词的比较级作定语修饰名词，alargercircleof表示“更大范围的”。故填larger。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：展望未来，他希望中马双方能够加强出版领域的合作，为更多文学作品的翻译项目创造机会。此处为非谓语，动词look和主语之间是主动关系，故用其现在分词作状语，表示伴随。句首字母大写，故填Looking。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.你们班开展了以“Howoftenmealsareskipped”为题的调查，调查显示绝大多数学生都存在“翘饭”现象，请给校英文报健康栏目写一篇投稿，内容包括：1.调查结果和评论；2.你的建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】SkippingMealsOurclassconductedasurveyentitled“Howoftenmealsareskipped”.Theresultsofthesurveyshowthatthepercentageofstudentswhoskipmealsseveraltimesaweekis50%.Somestudentsarekeentoeatsnacks,skippingregularmeals,whichdoesgreatharmtotheirhealth,andeventheirstudy,whileotherstudentsmaynothaveaccesstoahealthymealduetotheirbusyschedulesorlackofaccesstohealthyfoodoptions.AsfarasIamconcerned,providinghealthymealoptionscanhelpreducetheharmfulimpactofskippingmealsandprovidestudentswiththenutritiontheyneed.Secondly,it’simportanttocarveouttimeformealsbymakingsmalladjustmentsinourscheduleorprioritizingbreakfastorlunchoverotheractivities.November26th2023ByLiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，你们班开展了以“Howoftenmealsareskipped”为题的调查，调查显示绝大多数学生都存在“翘饭”现象，请给校英文报健康栏目写一篇投稿，内容包括：1.调查结果和评论；2.你的建议。【详解】1.词汇积累实施：conduct→carryout热衷于：bekeento→bewildabout影响：impact→influence就我个人而言：AsfarasIamconcerned→Personallyspeaking2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Ourclassconductedasurveyentitled“Howoftenmealsareskipped”.拓展句：Ourclassconductedasurvey,whichwasentitled“Howoftenmealsareskipped”.【点睛】[高分句型1]Somestudentsarekeentoeatsnacks,skippingregularmeals,whichdoesgreatharmtotheirhealth,andeventheirstudy,whileotherstudentsmaynothaveaccesstoahealthymealduetotheirbusyschedules orlackofaccesstohealthyfoodoptions.(运用了现在分词作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Theresultsofthesurveyshowthatthepercentageofstudentswhoskipmealsseveraltimesaweekis50%.(运用了that引导的宾语从句和who引导的限定性定语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Duringmytimeinprimaryschool,Iwasanactiveparticipantinsportsandgames.Iwasgoodatathleticsandparticularlyexcelledinlongjumpandsprinting(短跑).MyabilitiesledmetowintheBDivisionlongjumpcompetition,andIwaschosentorepresentmyschoolintheDistrictSportsMeetforboththelongjumpandrelayevents.TheSportsMeetspannedacrosstwodays.Onthefirstday,Ididn’thaveanyscheduledevents,soIeagerlywatchedotherathletescompeting.Tentsweresetupfortheparticipants.Myschoolteamwasassignedthelasttent,whichhappenedtobethefurthestonefromthetrack.Despitethelessthan-ideallocation,wemadethemostoutofit.Theseconddayarrived,anditwasfinallytimeformyevents.Thelongjumptookplaceintheearlyafternoon,followedbythehighlyanticipated8×50mrelaylaterintheday.Asthelongjumpcompetitionbegan,Irealizedthecompetitionwasfierce.ThoughImanagedarespectablejumpof3.65meters,Iwasamazedbyanotherparticipant,aten-year-old,whoeffortlesslyclearedover4meters.Addingtothechallenge,thisremarkableyoungathletealsoworespikes(钉子鞋),whichgavehimanadvantageovertherestofus.Despitefinishinginfourthplace,narrowlymissingoutonamedal,Istayedpositive.However,Istillhadhopeforthe8×50mrelay,whereIwasassignedtorunthefifthlegandpassthebaton(接力棒).Finally,theracedayarrived.Withanticipationbuilding,wetookourpositionsonthetrack.Asthestarter’sgunrang,awaveofexcitementsweptoverme.Iclosely.followedtheprogressofmyteammatesintheearlierlegs,andtomythrill,wewereamongthetopcompetitors,firmlysecuringatleastsecondplace.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Asmyturnarrived,Igraspedthebatonandbegantorun.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Althoughmyaccidenthadindeedcostusprecioustime,ourteam’sspiritremainedunshaken.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Asmyturnarrived,Igraspedthebatonandbegantorun.Thewindrushedpastme,propellingmeforwardtowardstheteammatewhoawaitedmyarrival.However,justasIwasgainingspeed,anunexpectedaccidenthappened.Isuddenlystumbledandfelltotheground,interruptingthewholeprogress.Theaudienceletoutacollectivegaspofsurprise.Butwithouthesitation,Iquicklyrosetomyfeet,brushingoffthedirt,andcontinuedtoruntowardsmygoal.Cheersandshoutsofsupportfrommyclassmatesgavemestrength.Iregainedmyfocusandpushedforward.Althoughmyaccidenthadindeedcostusprecioustime,ourteam’sspiritremainedunshaken.AsIhandedoffthebatontothenextrunner,Iobservedtheunwaveringresolveinhisface.Althoughourchancesforamedalseemedslim,werefusedtoletdisappointmentoccupyourminds.Instead,wechosetoviewtheincidentasatestofourstrengthandperseverance.Successdoesn’talwaysdependontheendresult,butratheronhowwefaceadversityandgrowfromit.Wedidn’tclaimamedalthatday,butweleftthemeetwithnoregretsbecausewehadgivenitourall.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开。作者擅长跳远和短跑，并被选为代表学校参加区运动会的跳远和接力赛。尽管作者跳远只获得了第四名，但仍然保持乐观。接力赛中，作者牢牢地锁定了至少第二名的位置。【详解】1.段落续写①由第一段句首内容“轮到我时，我抓住接力棒开始奔跑”可知，第一段可以描写作者接力跑比赛中的动作和心理活动。②由第二段句首内容“虽然我的事故确实让我们损失了宝贵的时间，但我们团队的精神是坚定不移的”可知，第二段可以描写作者对整个比赛的感悟。2.续写线索：开始跑—摔倒—迅速站起—继续跑—递给下一个—没有遗憾—感悟3.词汇激活行为类 ①推动：propel/push②等待：await/waitfor③增加：gain/raise/scaleup情绪类①出乎意料的：unexpected/outoftheblue②惊讶：surprise/amazement【点睛】【高分句型1】Thewindrushedpastme,propellingmeforwardtowardstheteammatewhoawaitedmyarrival.(运用了现在分词propelling作伴随状语和who引导的定语从句)【高分句型2】AsIhandedoffthebatontothenextrunner,Iobservedtheunwaveringresolveinhisface.(运用了As引导的时间状语从句)【高分句型3】Althoughourchancesforamedalseemedslim,werefusedtoletdisappointmentoccupyourminds.(运用了Although引导的让步状语从句)