适用于新高考新教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练七选五考点分类练1小标题类（附解析）

考点分类练(一)　小标题类(限时:25分钟)Passage1(2023河南开封三模)Criticismhurtsevenwhenit’sconstructive.　1　Doyoupretendyoudidn’thearordoyouarguebacktodefendyourself?Infact,thereareactuallyotherwaysofhandlingcriticism!Thenexttimesomeonegivesyoufeedback,trydoingthefollowingthingsinstead. Don’treactimmediately.Gettingangrycanhappenreallyfast.Sometimesallittakesisamisplacedwordorthewrongone.Whileit’snormaltofeelthisway,trytocooloffandstaycalm.　2　Afterall,youdon’twanttosaysomethingyou’llendupregrettinglater! Assessthecriticism.Sometimesthebestthingtodoistakeaquickstepbackandassessthecriticism:whosaiditandwhy?　3　Oraretheyjusttryingtobemean?Takingastepbackallowsyoutodetermineifperhapsthecriticismhassomerealvalueyouhadn’tseenbefore,orifit’sbettertojustbrushoffthecomment. Don’ttakeitpersonally.Rememberthatsometimespeopledothingsnottoattackyoupersonally,buttoventangerorfrustration.Socalmdownandbeasunderstandingasyoucan.　4　Meanwhile,lettheotherpersonknowthattheircriticismwasuncalledfor. 　5　 Ifthecriticismdoesactuallyhavesometruthtoit,thenthebestthingtodoisfigureouthowyoucanuseittoimprove.Getstraighttothepointandaskthepersonwhichpartofyourworkthey’dimproveandhow.Thatwayyounotonlyshowyouareinterestedindoingthingsbetter,butyouarealsoinvolvingthepersonwhocriticizedyou.A.Sohowdoyoureact?B.Useittoyouradvantage.C.Polishyourworkcarefully.D.Howaboutnegativefeedbackcatchingusbysurprise? E.Giveyourselfsometimetoprocesswhatyou’veheardbeforereacting.F.Aretheytryingtohelpyou,butdidnotcommunicatetheirpointofviewnicely?G.Choosingtotaketherightpathisdoingyourselfafavorandnotgettingangry.Passage2(2023河南新乡三模)Left-handedpeoplemakeuparound12%oftheglobalpopulation.OnereallyinterestingfactthatIpickedupwasfromascientistwhobelievedthatleft-handedpeopletendedtobemoreindependentasaresultofhavingtoadapttoaworldthatislargelybuiltforright-handedindividuals.　1　 MorelikelytohaveallergiesandsleepdisordersAstudyfoundthatleft-handedpeoplewere11timesmorelikelytosufferfromallergiesthanright-handedfolk.　2　 Left-handedpeopleusetherightsideofthebrainthemost　3　meaningthattherightsidecontrolstheleftsideofthebodyandtheotherwayaround.Hencethereisawell-knownsaying“onlyleft-handedpeopleareintheirrightminds”.Theright-handsideofthebrainisthoughttocontroltheleftsideofthebodyandtaskstodowiththeartsandcreativity. Areleft-handedpeoplesmarter?　4　One2007study“Effectofhandednessonintelligencelevelofstudents”showsthatleftiesaremorelikelytohavehigherIQ.However,another2010study“Therelationshipbetweenhandpreference,handperformance,andgeneralcognitiveability”suggeststheexactopposite! 　5　 Experimentsshowedthatwhengiventwotaskstocompletesimultaneously(同时),leftiesperformedbest.Thisisbecauseright-handedpeopletendtosolveproblemsbybreakingthemdownintopartsandanalyzingeachpieceoneatatime.Whileleft-handedpeopletendtolookattheproblemasawholeandusepattern-matchingtotryandsolveit.A.BetteratmultitaskingB.Smarterthantheright-handedC.Asweknow,thebrainiscross-wired,D.Thisonevariesdependingonhowdatedyoursourceis! E.Hereareafewmorefascinatingleft-handedpeoplefacts!F.Mixed-handedchildrenaremorelikelytoexperiencelanguageissues.G.Andleftiesweretwoandahalftimesmorelikelytosufferfromsleepdisorders.Passage3(2023河南周口二模)HowtoOvercomeAnxietyAnxietyisahealthyandnormalemotionthateveryoneoftenfeels.Anxietymay,however,developintoamentaldisorderthatreducesyourcapacitytocopewithdailystress.Whentryingtoovercomeit,youshouldnottrytogetridofyourfeelingsofanxietybutshouldaimtodevelopyourcopingabilitieswhenyoudofeelanxiety.　1　Herecomesomeusefultipstodevelopyouranti-anxietyabilities. Examineyouranxiety　2　Donotstartbeatingyourselfupaboutit,ortellyourselfunhelpfulthingssuchas“Iwillneverbeabletogetoutofthis”or“Iamincapable”.Understandthatyoucanovercomethis,andyouwill. IdentifythesourceofyouranxietyWhetheryouhaveapanicattackorasuddenroundofworryandfear,itisimportanttodeterminewhatiscausingyouranxiety.Issomethinginyourenvironmenttheprimarysource?　3　 DetermineifyourworryissolvableIfyouknowwhatyourfearis,thenextstepistodetermineifitissomethingyoucandealwith,orsomethingthatonlytimecanmanage.Ifyourfearislargelyimaginationorcan’tbedealtwithnow,　4　Ifyourworryissomethingthatneedstobedealtwith,takestepstocreateacourseofaction. 　5　 Ifyourfearismind-consuming,takeamomenttothinkaboutthehonestandabsoluteworstthingthatcouldhappenasaresultofit.Perhapsyou’regettingreadytodoahugepresentation,andyoubegintopanic.Stopandthink“whatistheworstthatcouldhappen?”Nomatterhowcreativeyourresponsemaybe,thinkingcriticallywillleadtofindthatshoulditoccur,therearefewendingsthatcan’tbedealtwithinareasonablemanner.A.Considertheworst B.ThinkoutoftheboxC.Understandandacknowledgethatyouareanxious.D.maketheconsciousefforttoputitoutofyourmind.E.Youcanhandleanxietymoreeasilywhenyouareclearaboutwhatitis.F.Havingtheabilitytocopewiththeanxiousthoughtisthekeytoovercomingit.G.trywhateverittakestosolvetheproblembecauseyoucannotgetawaywithit.Passage4(2023湖北十堰二模)HowtolinkparagraphsinanessayComposingessaysisanartthatyoumustmastertoscoregoodmarks.Foranyparagraphwritten,youmustbeabletolinkthatwiththeformerorthelatter.　1　 Read,read,readTeacherssuggestthehabitofreadingtoenhanceyourqualityofwriting.　2　Notehowtheessayuseslinkingwordsandthecarefulselectionofthem.Payspecialattentiontotheflowandtheprofessionalmannerinwhichtheessayispresentedforreaders. Beawareaboutsignposting　3　buttheirusemustalsobeknowncarefully.Beforeusingthemforyourpurpose,rememberthatagoodessayshouldessentiallyrelyonthesewordstohelpreadersunderstandthelogicandmakeitlookmorecoherent(连贯). 　4　 Justthatsomewordsconnectideasinyouressaydoesn’tmeanyoucanusethemasyoulike.Forshowinglikenessoragreeableness,usewordslikeagain,too,also,aswellas,ofcourse,andsoon.Ifyoushowcontradiction,useregardless,evenso,but,nonetheless,besidesandsoon.Forcausesandconditions,if,since,sothat,dueto,arewordsyoumustfallbackupon.MakeadraftIfyouwishtoseehowyouressaystands,makeadraftandreaditthoroughly.　5　Askyourselfquestionsifthepointshavebeenexplainedwelloraretheyrelevanttothecontext.Ifyoufeelfewaspectsneedmoreemphasis,checkforthelinkingwordsandcorrectthemaccordingly. A.Sticktothelogic B.PickwordscarefullyC.Ifstuck,youcantakehelpfromthefollowing4tips.D.Thatway,youwillbeabletofindyourownmistakesandcorrectthem.E.Readingthroughanumberofsampleessayswillhelpyoudesignbetteressays.F.Signpostsrefertolinkingwordsorphrasesassociatingoneparagraphwithsomeothers,G.Keepthese4tipsinmindandyouwillfacenotroublelinkingparagraphstotheessay.答案：考点分类练(一)　小标题类Passage1[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些好的方法来帮助你更好地处理批评。1.A　根据空后内容“Doyoupretendyoudidn’thearordoyouarguebacktodefendyourself?”可知,下文提到的是面对批评的时候,你会有何反应。A项“Sohowdoyoureact?”引出下文的答句,与下文内容保持一致。2.E　根据空前内容“Whileit’snormaltofeelthisway,trytocooloffandstaycalm.”可知,作者建议当生气的时候我们要试着冷静下来。E项“Giveyourselfsometimetoprocesswhatyou’veheardbeforereacting.”与上文内容保持一致,同时引出下文“Afterall,youdon’twanttosaysomethingyou’llendupregrettinglater!”,因为只有给自己一些时间来消化所听到的内容才能让自己不会说出后悔的话。3.F　根据上文“whosaiditandwhy”以及下文“Oraretheyjusttryingtobemean?”可知,上下文都是和批评相关,围绕对批评进行的评估和提问。F项“Aretheytryingtohelpyou,butdidnotcommunicatetheirpointofviewnicely?”也是提问,同时也和批评相关,符合上下文主要内容。4.G　根据空前内容“Rememberthatsometimespeopledothingsnottoattackyoupersonally,buttoventangerorfrustration.Socalmdownandbeasunderstandingasyoucan.”可知,作者建议当我们被批评的时候,要冷静下来尽可能去理解对方。G项“Choosingtotaketherightpathisdoingyourselfafavorandnotgettingangry.”与上文内容一致,都是建议我们要选择不生气、冷静。 5.B　设空处位置为小标题。根据下文内容可知,作者建议我们,当批评确实有道理的时候,我们可以选择利用批评找到提升自己的方式,所以本段的主要内容就是利用批评。B项“Useittoyouradvantage.”符合本段内容。Passage2[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了关于左撇子的一些有趣的事情。1.E　根据上文可知,研究发现左撇子更独立,浏览下文可知接下来文章主要讲的是左撇子的一些有趣的事情,全文是总—分的结构,由此推知,空处承上启下。E项“Hereareafewmorefascinatingleft-handedpeoplefacts!”承接上文,引出下文,符合上下文语境。2.G　根据本段标题“Morelikelytohaveallergiesandsleepdisorders”可知,本段主要讲的是左撇子更容易有过敏和睡眠障碍。根据空前“Astudyfoundthatleft-handedpeoplewere11timesmorelikelytosufferfromallergiesthanright-handedfolk.”可知,此处讲的是左撇子更容易患过敏症,所以可以推断接下来应该讲的是睡眠障碍问题。G项“Andleftiesweretwoandahalftimesmorelikelytosufferfromsleepdisorders.”指出了左撇子更容易患有睡眠障碍,符合上下文语境。3.C　根据本段小标题“Left-handedpeopleusetherightsideofthebrainthemost”可知,本段主要讲的是左撇子更容易使用右脑。根据空后“meaningthattherightsidecontrolstheleftsideofthebodyandtheotherwayaround”可知此处是在对左右脑的交叉控制这一事实进行解释,所以空处应该指出大脑是交叉控制的这一事实。C项“Asweknow,thebrainiscross-wired,”符合上下文语境。4.D　根据本段小标题“Areleft-handedpeoplesmarter?”可知,本段主要围绕着左撇子是不是更聪明来展开。根据空后内容可知,关于左撇子的智商问题,不同日期的研究结果是不一样的。空处位于段首,应是对全段的概括,所以空处应该讲关于左撇子是不是更聪明这个问题的答案与消息来源的日期有关。D项“Thisonevariesdependingonhowdatedyoursourceis!”既回答了小标题的提问,同时也概括了全段,而且D项中的Thisone指代小标题的问题,符合上下文语境。5.A　根据本部分内容可知,左撇子在解决问题时更倾向于整体解决问题。空处为本段小标题,所以空处应该讲的是左撇子的另外一个有趣的事实——更善于把问题看作一个整体来解决。A项“Betteratmultitasking”指出左撇子善于处理多项任务,符合上下文语境。故选A项。Passage3[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些处理焦虑的方法和技巧。1.F　上文“Whentryingtoovercomeit,youshouldnottrytogetridofyourfeelingsofanxietybutshouldaimtodevelopyourcopingabilitieswhenyoudofeelanxiety.” 说明克服焦虑的关键是提升处理情绪的能力。F项“Havingtheabilitytocopewiththeanxiousthoughtisthekeytoovercomingit.”中“theabilitytocopewiththeanxiousthought”照应上文“copingabilitieswhenyoudofeelanxiety”,衔接恰当。2.C　下文“Donotstartbeatingyourselfupaboutit,ortellyourselfunhelpfulthingssuchas‘Iwillneverbeabletogetoutofthis’or‘Iamincapable’.”说明了面对焦虑时,不能自我怀疑和否定,要正视问题,而不是逃避它。C项“Understandandacknowledgethatyouareanxious.”说明正视焦虑是一个很好的开始,符合句意。3.E　上文“Issomethinginyourenvironmenttheprimarysource?”说明要弄清楚焦虑的根源。E项“Youcanhandleanxietymoreeasilywhenyouareclearaboutwhatitis.”说明了弄清楚焦虑来源有助于更好地处理焦虑,故选E项。4.D　上文“Ifyourfearislargelyimaginationorcan’tbedealtwithnow”提出了一种假设,D项“maketheconsciousefforttoputitoutofyourmind.”提出了应对虚拟问题或者不能立刻解决的问题的应对方法,故选D项。5.A　根据下文“Ifyourfearismind-consuming,takeamomenttothinkaboutthehonestandabsoluteworstthingthatcouldhappenasaresultofit.”并结合下文举例可知,本段主要说明要考虑到最糟糕的情况。故选A项。Passage4[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文,本文介绍了写作中衔接文章段落的一些技巧与建议。1.C　上文“Composingessaysisanartthatyoumustmastertoscoregoodmarks.Foranyparagraphwritten,youmustbeabletolinkthatwiththeformerorthelatter.”阐述了写作中段落之间衔接的重要性;由本文标题“Howtolinkparagraphsinanessay”以及通读下文可知,文章阐述了写作中衔接段落的一些策略和建议;C项“Ifstuck,youcantakehelpfromthefollowing4tips.”承上启下,阐明了文章的主旨,符合语境。2.E　由小标题“Read,read,read”以及设空处上文“Teacherssuggestthehabitofreadingtoenhanceyourqualityofwriting.”可知,本段建议多阅读;E项“Readingthroughanumberofsampleessayswillhelpyoudesignbetteressays.”承接上文,阐述认真通读范文对写作的益处;下文“Notehowtheessayuseslinkingwords...essayispresentedforreaders.”阐述了阅读范文时要注意衔接词的使用以及文章流畅性和专业性。故选E项。3.F　由小标题“Beawareaboutsignposting”以及下文“Beforeusingthem...logicandmakeitlookmorecoherent.”可知,本段的建议是使用好路标词, 使文章具有逻辑性和连贯性;F项“Signpostsrefertolinkingwordsorphrasesassociatingoneparagraphwithsomeothers”,解释了什么是路标词,选项中的“Signposts”切合小标题中的“signposting”;下文“buttheirusemustalsobeknowncarefully”与选项构成转折关系,指出路标词虽然起到衔接作用,但是必须仔细了解路标词的用法,故选F项。4.B　分析文章结构可知,设空处为小标题;由下文内容可知本段阐述的是衔接词的使用要根据表达的内容仔细选择,不是随心所欲的;B项“Pickwordscarefully”能够概括本段主旨,适合作为本段小标题。5.D　上文“Ifyouwishtoseehowyouressaystands,makeadraftandreaditthoroughly.”建议先拟一份草稿,通读一下;D项“Thatway,youwillbeabletofindyourownmistakesandcorrectthem.”承接上文,阐述了先打草稿的原因与益处,选项中的“Thatway”指代上文中的“makeadraftandreaditthoroughly”。词汇积累:1.(Passage1)criticismn.批评2.(Passage1)argueback反驳3.(Passage1)cooloff平静下来4.(Passage1)frustrationn.挫折,沮丧5.(Passage2)makeup占6.(Passage2)sufferfrom遭受……7.(Passage3)capacityn.能力8.(Passage3)copewith处理9.(Passage4)enhancevt.提高;增强;改善10.(Passage4)thoroughlyadv.仔细地长难句分析:1.(Passage2)OnereallyinterestingfactthatIpickedupwasfromascientistwhobelievedthatleft-handedpeopletendedtobemoreindependentasaresultofhavingtoadapttoaworldthatislargelybuiltforright-handedindividuals.分析:本句为复合句。thatIpickedup为that引导的定语从句;whobelievedthatleft-handedpeopletendedtobemoreindependentasaresultofhavingtoadapttoaworld为who引导的定语从句,该从句中又含有that引导的宾语从句;thatislargelybuiltforright-handedindividuals为that引导的定语从句。 句意:我从一位科学家那里发现了一个非常有趣的事实,他认为左撇子往往更独立,因为他们必须适应一个主要为右撇子建立的世界。2.(Passage3)Nomatterhowcreativeyourresponsemaybe,thinkingcriticallywillleadtofindthatshoulditoccur,therearefewendingsthatcan’tbedealtwithinareasonablemanner.分析:本句为复合句。Nomatterhowcreativeyourresponsemaybe为nomatterhow引导的让步状语从句;thatshoulditoccur,therearefewendingsthatcan’tbedealtwithinareasonablemanner为that引导的宾语从句,该从句中shoulditoccur为省略if采用倒装形式的虚拟条件句,thatcan’tbedealtwithinareasonablemanner为that引导的定语从句。句意:无论你的回应多么有创意,批判性思考会让你发现,如果这种情况发生,很少有结局是不能以合理的方式处理的。