福建省泉州市2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

2022-2023学年度上学期泉州市高中教学质量监测高二英语(试卷满分：150分，考试时间：120分钟)注意事项：1.答题前，考生须在试题卷、答题卡规定的位置填写自己的准考证号、姓名。考生应认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“准考证号、姓名”与考生本人准考证号、姓名是否一致。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束，考生须将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.笞案是C。1.Whatdoesthemanplantowatch?A.Aballet.B.Acomedy.C.Afootballgame.2.HowmuchdidJcssicapayforthescarvesintotal?A.$10.B.$20.C.$30.3.Whichbuswillthewomantake?A.T-3.B.Z-4.C.T-6.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Openingabankaccount.B.Changingmoney.C.Goingshopping.,5.WhatdidSaminitiallyplantodotomorrow?A.Writeareport.B.Attendaconference.C.Enjoyhisweekend.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whoistheman?A.David’sparent.B.David’steacherC.David’sclassmate.7.WhatdoesthemansayaboutDavid?A.Heisverygoodatmath.B.Heisalwaysproudofhimself.C.Hedoesn’tdowellinmanysubjects.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WheredidTomworklastsummer?A.Inacamp.B.Inahotel.C.Inacompany.9.WhatdoesTinasayaboutcuttinggrass?A.Thepayisn’tgoodenough.B.Herfriendgotlotsoftips.C.Shediditinhighschool.10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Closefriends.B.TeacherandstudentC.Brotherandsister.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhodoesGaryadvisetodiscusstheproposalwith?A.Financemanager.B.HRdepartmentmanager.C.Headofthecompany.12.WheredoesKellywanttoputtheadvertising?A.Onthetelevision.B.Inthepapers.C.OntheInternet.13.WhatwillGarydo?A.Cutdownontheadvertisingexpenses.,B.Improvethequalityofproducts.C.MakeanappointmentwithKelly.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Howistheweathertomorrowmorning?A.Sunny.B.Snowy.C.Rainy.15.Whatcanweknowaboutthewoman’sclass?A.Itwillbecanceled.B.Itwillbeputoff.C.Itwillbefulloffun.16.Whatwillthemanprobablydotomorrow?A.DrivetoBirmingham.B.Meetthewoman.C.Stayathishome.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatproblemisthecityexperiencing?A.Acoldwinter.B.Anenergycrisis.C.Alaborshortage.18.Whatisthesuggestedhighesttemperatureinthecompany’sofficesduringwinter?A.18℃.B.19℃.C.20℃.19.Whenwilltheofficesbecleaned?A.Duringworkinghours.B.Intheearlymoming.C.Atnight.20.Whoisthespeakerprobablyspeakingto?A.Cleaners.B.Managers.C.Employees.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAreyoulookingtoenterthemediaindustrybutnotnecessarilyasanactor?Therearevariouspositionsinthemedia—someknownandsomenotsowell-known.VideogamedeveloperIfyouhavealoveforcomputergames,youmaywishtoconsiderbeingavideogamedeveloper.Youwillneedtobequalifiedincomputerprogramminglanguages.Whenyougetpromotedtoaleaddeveloperandprogrammer,youwillwritemorecomplicatedcodesandmanageotherprogrammers.Soundengineeringtechnician,Areyoucurrentlyintheaudio-visualclub?Howaboutbeingasoundengineeringtechnician?Asasoundengineeringtechnicianyouoperatemachinesandequipmenttorecord,mix,orreproducemusic,voices,andothersoundeffects.Whileyouwouldbeusuallyworkingindoors,youmayalsoneedtobeoutdoors.PlaywrightIfyouwouldliketosetfreetheShakespeareinyou,howaboutacareerasaplaywright?Youwillneedaformalqualificationinplaywritingorscreenwritingandalsounderstandthecreativeandtechnicalaspectsoftheatresuchasacting,directing,dramahistoryandliterarycriticism,lighting,sceneryandevencostumedesign.FilmeditorAsafilmeditor,youhavetoeditrawfootages(镜头)inordertocapturetheon-screenpersonalitiesandtellastory.Youwillworkwithdirectors,producersandotherfilmstafftoensurethatproductiongoalsareachieved.Withtheuseofcomputersoftwareanddigitalequipment,youareexpectedtoproduceahigh-qualityfinishedproduct.1.Whoshouldbequalifiedwithcomputerprogramminglanguages?A.Avideogamedeveloper.B.Aplaywright.C.Asoundengineeringtechnician.D.Afilmeditor.2.Whatdoesthejobofplaywrightneed?A.Techniquesofvideoediting.B.Skillsofsoundediting.C.Aknowledgeoftheatre.D.Aqualificationindirecting.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertise.B.Toinform.C.Toentertain.D.Toclarify.【答案】1.A2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是篇应用文。文章介绍了几个除演员以外的媒体行业的几个职位及工作内容和相关要求。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Youwillneedtobequalifiedincomputerprogramminglanguages.”（你需要具备计算机编程语言的资格。）可知，想成为一名电子游戏开发者需要具备计算机编程语言的资格。故选A。,【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Youwillneedaformalqualificationinplaywritingorscreenwritingandalsounderstandthecreativeandtechnicalaspectsoftheatresuchasacting,directing,dramahistoryandliterarycriticism,lighting,sceneryandevencostumedesign.”（你需要剧本写作或荧屏写作的正式资格，还需要了解戏剧的创意和技术方面，如表演、导演、戏剧史和文学批评、灯光、布景甚至服装设计。）可知，要成为一名剧作家需要有戏剧方面的知识。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Therearevariouspositionsinthemedia—someknownandsomenotsowell-known.”（媒体上有各种各样的职位——有些为人所知，有些不太为人所知。）并结合全文可知，本文的主要目的是广告宣传一些媒体行业的工作职位。故选A。BInthethreedecadessinceDarahLady’sgrandmotherfirstarrivedinthisdistantareaofnorthernBrazil,clearingtheforestbyhandtobuildahouseforher14children,thefamilyhaspusheddeeperanddeeperintotheAmazon.Ithasbeendrivenbyasayingthatgoodfortunecomeswhennaturegivesintohumancontrol.Yettheirgrowingcommunitytherecouldruinnotonlytheirchildren’sfuturebutalsothatoftheentireplanet.Moreglobalpandemics(流行病)areontheway,scientistssay,andthenextoneislikelytocropupfromacommunitylikeDarahLady’s,wherepeoplearetakingupmoreandmorespaceofthenaturalworldanderasingthebufferzone(缓冲区)betweenthemselvesandhabitatsthatexistedlong.Aspeoplecutdownforest,theynotonlyspeeduptheglobalwarmingbutalsogreatlyincreasetheirriskofexposuretodisease.ScientistsalsosaydiseasehotzonesareexpandingfromAfricatoSouthAmerica,andthatdeforestationhasalreadyledtoariseinspreadingdisease.Zoologistshavefoundthatathirdofallknowndiseaseoutbreaksaroundtheworldwereduetorapidlandusechange.DarahLady’scommunityofMaruagaisfilledwithrisksforthespreadofviruses(病毒).Theirfamilyhasalreadybattledzoonoticillnesses—thetermusedtodescribediseasesspreadbetweenanimalsandhumans.When40%ofalandareahasbeendestroyed,accordingtoTomGillespie,auniversityresearcher,theregionhitsasortoftippingpoint:Wildanimalsarepushedclosertohumansforfood,andvirusesbegintospread.DarahLadyseemedtonoticetheslightdfferenceofdeforestation.“Igetkindofsad,”DarahLadysaid,“BecausetheforestissomethingI’velovedsinceIwaslitle.Andtheyaredeforesting,right?It’sdestroyingnature.”4.WhatdoyouknowaboutDarahLady?A.Shebuiltahouseforher14children.,B.ShemadeabigfortuneinAmazon.C.Herfamilycutdowntreesforgrowingcrops.D.HerfamilylivedinAmazonfordecades.5.Whatledtothespreadofzoonoticillnesses?A.Thelossofthebufferzone.B.Theeffectofglobalwarming.C.Thelackofspeciesvariety.D.Theexpansionofwildlifehabitats.6.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Apossibletreatmentfordiseases.B.Arealexampleofthepreventionofdiseases.C.Afurtherexplanationofthespreadofdiseases.D.Asupportingevidenceforthedangerofdiseases.7.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment.B.Design.C.Education.D.Environment.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类对森林砍伐导致人类与动物栖息地之间的缓冲区的丧失，进而造成人畜共患疾病的传播。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“InthethreedecadessinceDarahLady’sgrandmotherfirstarrivedinthisdistantareaofnorthernBrazil,clearingtheforestbyhandtobuildahouseforher14children,thefamilyhaspusheddeeperanddeeperintotheAmazon.(自从达拉·莱蒂的祖母第一次来到巴西北部这片遥远的地区，用手工清理森林，为她的14个孩子盖了一所房子，30年来，这家人已经越来越深入亚马逊)”可知，达拉·莱蒂一家已经在亚马逊生活了几十年。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Moreglobalpandemics(流行病)areontheway,scientistssay,andthenextoneislikelytocropupfromacommunitylikeDarahLady’s,wherepeoplearetakingupmoreandmorespaceofthenaturalworldanderasingthebufferzone(缓冲区)betweenthemselvesandhabitatsthatexistedlong.(科学家们说，更多的全球性流行病正在发生，下一个可能会发生在像达拉·莱蒂这样的社区，那里的人们正在占用越来越多,的自然世界空间，并抹去他们自己和长期存在的动物栖息地之间的缓冲区)”和第五段中“When40%ofalandareahasbeendestroyed,accordingtoTomGillespie,auniversityresearcher,theregionhitsasortoftippingpoint:Wildanimalsarepushedclosertohumansforfood,andvirusesbegintospread.(根据大学研究员汤姆·吉莱斯皮的说法，当40%的土地面积被破坏时，该地区就达到了某种临界点：野生动物被推到离人类更近的地方觅食，病毒开始传播)”可推知，人类与动物栖息地之间的缓冲区的丧失是导致了人畜共患疾病传播的原因。故选A项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。结合第四段最后一句“Zoologistshavefoundthatathirdofallknowndiseaseoutbreaksaroundtheworldwereduetorapidlandusechange.(动物学家发现，在全球已知的疾病爆发中，有三分之一是由于土地使用的快速变化引起)”和第五段“When40%ofalandareahasbeendestroyed,accordingtoTomGillespie,auniversityresearcher,theregionhitsasortoftippingpoint:Wildanimalsarepushedclosertohumansforfood,andvirusesbegintospread.(根据大学研究员汤姆·吉莱斯皮的说法，当40%的土地面积被破坏时，该地区就达到了某种临界点：野生动物被推到离人类更近的地方觅食，病毒开始传播)”可知，第五段主要是对上文提出的疾病传播原因的进一步解释。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章通过达拉·莱蒂一家对亚马逊的开垦引入，说明人类对森林砍伐导致人类与动物栖息地之间的缓冲区的丧失，进而造成人畜共患疾病的传播。本文内容与环境有关，所以可能出自报纸中环境专栏。故选D项。CAerospaceengineersareworkingonairvehicles-thatwillbeusedtodroppackagesonyourdoorsteps,transportpeopleandgoodsovershorterdistancesandcouldevengivepeopletheabilitytocallairtaxis-tofundamentallychangehowweseethesky.Whathelpstheengineersgetreadyforthechange?Batterieskeepgettingsmaller.Materialstobuildtheairvehiclesarelighterthanever,Softwareismoresophisticated.Amoderncockpit(驾驶舱)from20yearsagocan’tdohalfasmuchasthephoneinyourpocket.Thesemodernizationshaveenabledagreaterfocusonelectrictechnologyinflyingoverthepast15years.It’schangedthewaytheyfly.Maybesoonyouwillbewalkingdownthestreettoavertiport,whereyou’llcatchanairtaxi.We’relikelytoseeonewithapilot,carryingboxesfromoneplacetoanother.Thenitwillstartflyingwithpassengersandbecomepilotless.Asthenewplanebecomesmorecommon,theresultcouldbesomethingassimpleascuttingdowntraveltimewithinurbanandsuburbanareas,makingitslightlyeasiertogettotheairportorfromthesuburbstodowntown.Buttheplanescouldalsohelpgetridof“transportationdeserts,”makingiteasierforadoctortoreachapatientina,ruralareawhohaslimitedaccesstoahospital.However,therearestillalotofoutstandingquestions.Therearesafetymeasuresandrequirementsthatneedtobedeveloped.Thereispilottrainingandworkforcedevelopment.There’sthecost.There’sfiguringoutwhowouldusethistypeoftransportation.Therearestillmoreadvancesintechnologythatneedtohappenifyouwantthemtogofartherthan150milesandtobeunmanned.But,accordingtoHackenbergofNASA,“Aboutthefuture,it’snotanif;it’sawhen.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sophisticated”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Fashionable.B.Advanced.C.Conventional.D.Flexible.9.Whyis“transportationdeserts’”mentionedinparagraph3?A.Topresentafact.B.Toexplainaprinciple.C.Tohighlightanadvantage.D.Tomakeaprediction.10.WhatdoesHackenbergthinkofthepractice?A.Promising.B.Challenging.C.Simple.D.Creative.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AirTaxis:Say“No”toTrafficJamB.AirTaxis:PrivateFlightforBusinessC.ReadyforAirTaxis?D.HowdoAirTaxisWork?【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。研究者们正在研究的空中飞行器将进入我们的生活，并给我们带来很多便利。即使目前仍有一些问题需要解决，其未来是充满希望的。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Batterieskeepgettingsmaller.Materialstobuildtheairvehiclesarelighterthanever(电池越来越小。制造飞行器的材料比以往任何时候都轻)”和下文“Thesemodernizationshaveenabledagreaterfocusonelectrictechnologyinflyingoverthepast15years.(在过去的15年里，这些现代化使人们更加重视飞行中的电子技术。)”可知，现代化让电池越来越小，材料越来越轻，software（软件）也变得更先进，故划线词与advanced意思相近。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Asthenewplanebecomesmorecommon,theresultcouldbesomethingassimpleascuttingdowntraveltimewithinurbanandsuburbanareas,makingitslightlyeasiertogettotheairportorfrom,thesuburbstodowntown.Buttheplanescouldalsohelpgetridof“transportationdeserts,”makingiteasierforadoctortoreachapatientinaruralareawhohaslimitedaccesstoahospital.(随着新型飞机变得越来越普遍，其结果可能会很简单，比如减少市区和郊区的旅行时间，让去机场或从郊区到市中心变得更容易一些。但这些飞机也可以帮助消除“交通沙漠”，使医生更容易接触到农村地区就医受限的病人。)”可知，前文提到了新型费劲带来的便利，因此推断提到“transportationdeserts”的消除是为了强调空中出租车的优势——带来便利。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“But,accordingtoHackenbergofNASA,“Aboutthefuture,it’snotanif;it’sawhen.”(但是，根据美国宇航局Hackenberg，“关于未来，这不是一个是否的问题；这是一个时间的问题。”)”因此，Hackenberg认为空中飞行器的实践是充满希望的、有前途的，只是时间问题。故选A项。11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Aerospaceengineersareworkingonairvehicles-thatwillbeusedtodroppackagesonyourdoorsteps,transportpeopleandgoodsovershorterdistancesandcouldevengivepeopletheabilitytocallairtaxis-tofundamentallychangehowweseethesky.(航空航天工程师正在研究一种飞行器，它将被用来把包裹扔到你的门口，在更短的距离内运送人和货物，甚至可以让人们有能力叫空中出租车，从而从根本上改变我们看待天空的方式。)”和第三段第一句“Maybesoonyouwillbewalkingdownthestreettoavertiport,whereyou’llcatchanairtaxi.(也许很快你就可以沿着街道走到一个垂直起降点，在那里你可以坐上一辆空中出租车。)”可知，本文主要介绍了研究者们正在研究的空中飞行器将进入我们的生活，并给我们带来很多便利。C项“ReadyforAirTaxis?(准备好坐飞空中出租车了吗?)”可以概括全文，且吸引眼球，适合作本文标题。故选C项。DStopthosenegativethoughts!Whenitcomestobrainpower,itappearsyourthoughtsmatter.Thatwastheeye-openingconclusionofastudypublishedinthejournalAlzheimer’sandDementia.Forthisstudy,scientistscarefullymeasuredthecognitive(认知)functionof292middle-agedtoolderpeopleoverafour-yearperiod.Thecognitiveassessmentsincludedmeasuresofmemory,attentionandlanguage.Thestudysubjects(实验对象)hadtheirthinkingpatternsregularlymonitoredbyrespondingtoaseriesofquestionsovertwoofthefouryears.Thethought-pattemquestionnairesweredesignedtoidentifyrepetitivenegativethinking(RNTforshort).RNTincludesoftenthinkingaboutnegativepasteventsaswellasfuturesourcesofanxiety.AboutathirdofthestudysubjectshadPETscans(正电子发射计算机断层扫描)oftheirbrainstomeasure,levelsoftheabnormalbrainprotcins,tauandamyloid.TauandamyloidbuildupinpeopleaffectedwithAlzheimer’sdisease.Thefindings?StudysubjectswithgreaterRNT-theserepetitivenegativethoughtpatterns-exhibitedacleardecreaseincognitivefunctionandmemoryoverthefour-yearperiod.What’smoretheyhadmoretauandamyloidbuiltupintheirbrains.Itiswell-documentedthatourthoughtshavepowerful,directeffectsonourbodies,sotheseresultsaren’tsurprising.Thankfully,studiesshowthatwecanchangeourthoughtpatternsthroughmental-trainingpractices,withmeditation(冥想)documentedtobeoneoftheverybest.Assomeonewhooftengottrappedinnegativememoriesoftheremotepast,Icanspeakpersonallytotheremarkablepowerofmeditationtorelievethisdestructivethinkingpattern,andIencourageeveryonetoexplorethispractice.Imeditateeverydayandgratefullyachievethatgoalabout90%ofthetime.Feelfreetosharethispostwithfriendsandlovedonesbecauseoneofthegreatestgiftswecangiveisthegiftofbetterhealth.Enjoy!12.Howisthesubjects’RNTdetermined?A.Bymeasuringtheirbloodlevel.B.Byanalyzingtheirquestionnaires.C.Bymonitoringtheirbehaviors.D.Byexaminingtheirsignsofdiseases.13.WhatwouldbetheinfluenceofRNT?A.Forgettingthenegativepast.B.Changeablethinkingpatterns.C.Worsebodyshape.D.Poorerbrainfunction.14.WhatisarecommendedsolutiontoRNT?A.Havingbrainscannedregularly.B.Buidingupourstrength.C.Changingourstudypattern.D.Practicingmentaltraining.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsmeditation?A.Favorable.B.Doubtful.C.Reserved.D.Unclear.,【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于阿尔茨海默氏症和痴呆的一个新研究发现即消极的情绪和痛苦的情绪会导致认知功能和记忆明显下降。缓解的方法是通过心里训练——冥想，改善和提升状况。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thestudysubjects(实验对象)hadtheirthinkingpatternsregularlymonitoredbyrespondingtoaseriesofquestionsovertwoofthefouryears.(在四年中的两年里，研究对象通过回答一系列问题来定期监测他们的思维模式。)”以及“Thethought-pattemquestionnairesweredesignedtoidentifyrepetitivenegativethinking(RNTforshort).(思维模式问卷旨在识别重复性消极思维(简称RNT)。)”可知，实验是通过回答一系列的问题来来定期监测他们的思维模式，从而确定研究对象的RNT。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“StudysubjectswithgreaterRNT-theserepetitivenegativethoughtpatterns-exhibitedacleardecreaseincognitivefunctionandmemoryoverthefour-yearperiod.What’smore,theyhadmoretauandamyloidbuiltupintheirbrains..(有更严重的RNT的研究对象——这些重复的消极思维模式——在四年的时间里，认知功能和记忆明显下降。并且，他们的大脑中建立了更多的tau和淀粉样蛋白。)”可知，RNT使人们的认知和记忆下降，也就是影响大脑的功能，因此更差的大脑功能是RNT的影响。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Thankfully,studiesshowthatwecanchangeourthoughtpatternsthroughmental-trainingpractices,withmeditation(冥想)documentedtobeoneoftheverybest.(值得庆幸的是，研究表明我们可以通过心理训练来改变我们的思维模式，而冥想被证明是最好的方法之一。)”可知，对于RNT作者推荐使用冥想来缓解这种破坏性思维方式即进行的是心理训练。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。以及第二段中“Assomeonewhooftengottrappedinnegativememoriesoftheremotepast,Icanspeakpersonallytotheremarkablepowerofmeditationtorelievethisdestructivethinkingpattern,andIencourageeveryonetoexplorethispractice.(作为一个经常被困在遥远过去的消极记忆中的人，我可以亲自谈谈冥想在缓解这种破坏性思维模式方面的非凡力量，我鼓励每个人都去探索这种实践。)”可知，作者对于冥想这种心理练习是支持的。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。,Havingasenseofhumorcanmakeyourentirelifemuchmoreenjoyable.Forsomeofus,thiscomesnaturally.____16____Ifyouwantsometipstoimproveyoursenseofhumor,trytheseout:•Appreciatemorestand-upcomedies.____17____Ifyoudon’tknowwheretostart,lookforsomethingtoyourtasteorstartwithsomethingpopular.Thelawofattractionwillhelpyouincreaseyoursenseofhumorbyunderstandingjokes,pickuplinesandothermetaphors(比喻)thatmakepeoplelaugh.•____18____Ifyoureallywanttodevelopyourhumorthentrytotakesomethingordinaryandmakeajokeoutofit.Infact,thereisahiddenjokebehindeverylittleeventandsituationyoucomeacross.Goaheadandtryit.Youwillfindoutthatalmosteverythingyouseeindailylifehasafunnyside.•Learnsomesimplejokes.Inthebeginning,youdon’thavetobecreative.Justgooutanddosomeresearch!Theinternetisfullofgreatresourcesforjokes,humor,funnypictures,etc.Trysearchingforstuffthatyoulikeandaddfunnyjokestotheendofyoursearch.____19____•Knowthedifferencebetweenfunnyandmean.Makingfunofsomeoneforthingstheycan’tchangecancomeoffasmean.Thepersonwhoisthetargetofthejokecangrowreallyembarassedanditcanturntheirmoodoff.____20____Youcanalsomakeself-depreciating(自嘲)jokes.Andtherewillalwaysbejokeswherenoonegetshurt.A.Observeotherfunnypeople.B.Trytoseethefunnysidetothings.C.Youwillfindmillionsofthingstomakepeoplelaugh.D.Forothers,wemighthavetoworkalittletounlockit.E.Toincreaseyoursenseofhumor,watchmorecomedies.F.It’salotbetterthanwatchingsomethingthat’sabitofastruggle.G.Instead,makejokesaboutsomethingtheycaneasilychangeaboutthemselves.【答案】16.D17.E18.B19.C20.G【解析】【导语】本文是篇说明文。拥有幽默感能使人们的生活变得更加快乐，文章介绍了几个可以提升幽默感的方法，大家可以一试。【16题详解】,根据上一句“Forsomeofus,thiscomesnaturally.”（对我们中的一些人来说，这是自然而然的。），选项D.Forothers,wemighthavetoworkalittletounlockit.（对于其他人来说，我们可能需要花点功夫才能解开它。）中的“Forothers”与上一句的“Forsomeofus”相对应，句意也衔接合理；下一句“Ifyouwantsometipstoimproveyoursenseofhumor,trytheseout:”（如果你想要一些方法来提高你的幽默感，试试这些:）也能够承接选项D句意，符合语境。故选D。【17题详解】根据第二段段落主题句“Appreciatemorestand-upcomedies.”（多看一些单口喜剧。）可知，本段主要建议人们要多看喜剧来提升幽默感，选项E.Toincreaseyoursenseofhumor,watchmorecomedies.（为了增加你的幽默感，多看喜剧。）与主题意思相符；下一句“Ifyoudon’tknowwheretostart,lookforsomethingtoyourtasteorstartwithsomethingpopular.”（如果你不知道从哪里开始，找一些符合你口味的东西，或者从流行的东西开始。）句意可以承接选项E，进一步给出了多看喜剧的具体做法。故选E。【18题详解】空处为段落主题句，根据第二、四、五段可知，应为祈使句，故答案选自A或B；根据本段中“Ifyoureallywanttodevelopyourhumor,thentrytotakesomethingordinaryandmakeajokeoutofit.”（如果你真的想提高自己的幽默感，那就试着找一些平常的事情来开个玩笑。）和“Youwillfindoutthatalmosteverythingyouseeindailylifehasafunnyside.”（你会发现几乎你在日常生活中看到的每件事都有有趣的一面。）及段落内容可知，本段主要是鼓励人们试着去发现事物有趣的一面，与选项B.Trytoseethefunnysidetothings.（试着看到事情有趣的一面。）意思相符。故选B。【19题详解】根据上一句“Trysearchingforstuffthatyoulikeandaddfunnyjokestotheendofyoursearch.”（试着搜索你喜欢的东西，并在搜索的最后添加有趣的笑话。）可知，选项C.Youwillfindmillionsofthingstomakepeoplelaugh.（你会发现无数让人发笑的事情。）句意与其有连续性，承接上文，语意合理。故选C。【20题详解】根据最后一段“Makingfunofsomeoneforthingstheycan’tchangecancomeoffasmean.”（因为别人无法改变的事情取笑他们会显得刻薄。）和“Thepersonwhoisthetargetofthejokecangrowreallyembarassedanditcanturntheirmoodoff.”（被取笑的人会变得非常尴尬，会让他们心情不好。）可知，拿一些别人无法改变的事情开玩笑是很刻薄的，会让人不高兴，选项G.Instead,makejokesaboutsomethingtheycaneasilychangeaboutthemselves.（相反，开一些他们自己很容易改变的事情的玩笑。）提出正确的做法应该是拿一些别人很容易改变的事开玩笑，与上文衔接合理，符合语境。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分),阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空自处的最佳选项。Sylviawasmadatherworkteamaftertryingtogetthemtofinishajobthawasduethatday.“I’malwaystheonedoingallthework,”shesaid.“Andthentheteamgetsthe____21____eventhepeoplewhodon’tdoanything.It’sreallynot____22____.”BritishpsychologistMelanieKleintoldherthatthere’ssomethingthat____23____thefeeling:self-centeredness.Lookingattheexperienceinalessself-centeredwaycanhelpyoumanageit____24____.Whatyoushoulddoisstepbacktoseethingsfroma____25____angle,oneinwhichwearenotatthecenter.Infact,youmightthinkyoualreadydothatandtakeprideinneverbeingunkindor____26____anotherperson.WhenSylviatookherselfoutofthe____27____,shefoundsomeofherteammateswerequite____28____andinexpericnced.Maybetheywereafraidtheywouldn’tbegoodenoughto____29____someofthetasks.Shebeganexperimentingwithwaysto_____30_____theirstrengthsandatthesametimetohelpthemdo_____31_____theycouldbegoodat.Teamprojects_____32_____,asdidteamspirit;andwithinayear,shewas_____33_____andmadeateamleader.Takingyourselfoutofthespotlight(聚光灯)isn’talwayseasy._____34_____,itisagreatwaytotakeproperresponsibilitywithoutbccoming_____35_____.21.A.ideaB.jobC.praiseD.skill22.A.badB.enoughC.smoothD.fair23.A.resultsinB.getsoverC.wipesoutD.addsto24.A.carefullyB.bitterlyC.easilyD.personally25.A.saferB.funnierC.strangerD.wider26.A.controllingB.hurtingC.refusingD.helping27.A.stressB.fightC.centerD.anger28.A.youngB.energeticC.daringD.brilliant29.A.groupB.obtainC.listD.shoulder30.A.testB.supportC.ignoreD.reject31.A.workB.researchC.exercisesD.sports32.A.matteredB.improvedC.failedD.changed33.A.punishedB.imitatedC.promotedD.persuaded34.A.ThereforeB.MeanwhileC.InsteadD.However35.A.annoyedB.shockedC.surprisedD.embarrassed【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.D26.B27.C28.A29.D30.B,31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Sylvia以自我为中心，感觉团队里的工作都是她一个人完成的，其它人只是坐享其成，她很生气。但在心理学家梅勒妮·克莱因帮助下，她开始调整心态，并主动支持队友的优势，并让他们做自己擅长的工作。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后团队得到了表扬，即使是那些什么都没做的人。这真的不公平。A.idea想法；B.job工作；C.praise表扬，赞美；D.skill技巧。根据上文“I’malwaystheonedoingallthework”和句中“Andthentheteamgets”可推知，Sylvia抱怨说自己一个人完成所有工作，但团队得到表扬。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词词义辨析。句意：然后团队得到了表扬，即使是那些什么都没做的人。这真的不公平。A.bad坏的；B.enough充足的；C.smooth光滑的；D.fair公平的。根据上文“I’malwaystheonedoingallthework”和“Andthentheteamgetsthe　　1　　eventhepeoplewhodon’tdoanything.”可知，Sylvia感觉团队里的工作都是她一个人完成的，同时其它人坐享其成，跟着受表扬，所以这不公平。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：英国心理学家梅勒妮·克莱因告诉她，有一些东西导致了这种感觉：自我中心。A.resultsin导致；B.getsover克服；C.wipesout消灭；D.addsto加入。根据句中“BritishpsychologistMelanieKlein”可推知，心理学家在帮助Sylvia分析原因，找是什么导致了她有这种感受。故选A项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：用一种不那么以自我为中心的方式来看待这段经历可以帮助你更容易地管理它。A.carefully小心地，仔细地；B.bitterly愤怒地，痛苦地；C.easily容易地；D.personally就个人而言。根据句中“Lookingattheexperienceinalessself-centeredwaycanhelpyou”可知，心理学家梅勒妮·克莱因提出了专业的建议，让她更容易管理自己的感受。故选C项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你应该做的是退一步，从一个更广阔的角度看问题，一个我们不是在中心的角度。A.safer更安全；B.funnier更有趣的；C.stranger更奇怪的；D.wider宽的，广阔的。根据上文可知，心理学家梅勒妮·克莱因指出Sylvia产生那些想法的原因是“self-centeredness”，即“以自我为中心”；心理学家提出新的看问题的方式“angle,oneinwhichwearenotatthecenter”，即“一个不以我们为中心的角度”，与之前“以自我为中心”相比较而言，这一角度不狭隘，是一种更为广阔的角度。故选D项。,【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，你可能认为你已经这样做了，并为从未不友善或伤害别人而自豪。A.controlling控制；B.hurting伤害；C.refusing拒绝；D.helping帮助。根据句中“unkind”可知，此处指对人不友好或伤害别人。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当Sylvia从自我中心中走出来时，她发现她的一些队友相当年轻，缺乏经验。A.stress精神压力；B.fight与……作斗争；C.center中心；D.anger愤怒。根据最后一段“Takingyourselfoutofthespotlight(聚光灯)isn’talwayseasy.”可知，此处指Sylvia从以自我为中心走出来后，对队友有了新的发现，能够理解他们的行为了。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当Sylvia从愤怒中走出来时，她发现她的一些队友相当年轻，缺乏经验。A.young年轻的；B.energetic精力充沛的；C.daring勇于冒险的；D.brilliant巧妙的。根据句中“inexpericnced”可推辞，她的一些队友年轻，缺乏经验。故选A项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许他们担心自己不够好，无法承担一些任务。A.group聚集；B.obtain得到；C.list列清单；D.shoulder承担。根据上文“inexpericnced”和句中“theywereafraidtheywouldn’tbegoodenough”可知，Sylvia的队友因年轻且缺乏经验，担心自己不够好，无法承担任务。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她开始尝试各种方法来支持他们的优势，同时帮助他们做他们擅长的工作。A.test测验；B.support支持；C.ignore忽视；D.reject拒绝。根据下文“andatthesametimetohelpthem”推知，Sylvia支持同事的优势。故选B项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始尝试各种方法来测试他们的优势，同时帮助他们做他们擅长的工作。A.work工作；B.research工作；C.exercises练习题；D.sports运动。根据句中“theirstrengths”和“theycouldbegoodat”可知，发现队友的优势后，会帮助他们做他们擅长的工作。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：团队项目得到提高，团队精神得到提升；不到一年，她就升职了，成为了团队领导。A.mattered要紧；B.improved提高；C.failed失败；D.changed改变。根据上文可知，Sylvia不再生气和抱怨，开始帮助队友找到优势，并让他们做自己擅长的工作，所以团队的项目得到提高。故选B项。【33题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：团队项目得到提高，团队精神得到提升；不到一年，她就升职了，成为了团队领导。A.punished惩罚；B.imitated模仿；C.promoted升职，晋升；D.persuaded说服。根据句中“madeateamleader”可知，Sylvia晋升了。故选C项。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这是一个很好的方式来承担适当的责任而不生气。A.Therefore因此；B.Meanwhile与此同时；C.Instead反而；D.However然而。上文“Takingyourselfoutofthespotlight(聚光灯)isn’talwayseasy”说远离聚光灯，不再以自我为中心并不容易，下文“itisagreatway”说它的好处，上下文之间是转折关系。故选D项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这是一个很好的方式来承担适当的责任而不生气。A.annoyed恼怒的；B.shocked吃惊的；C.surprised惊讶的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文“Sylviawasmadatherworkteamaftertryingtogetthemtofinishajobthawasduethatday.”可知，Sylvia之前以自我为中心，所以生团队的气，但现在她不再以自我为中心，远离了“聚光灯”，这会让她不那么生气恼怒。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThenaturalbeautyofFanjingshanensuresitsplaceamongthecountry’stopnaturereserves.Flowersarecomingoutprettyat____36____footofFanjingshaninearlyApril,whilewhitesnowisstillattachedtothemountaintop.____37____(it)greenandfreshvegetation(植被)isamajorfeatureofFanjingshan,____38____standsnortheastofTongrencityinsouthwesternChina’sGuizhouprovince.Fanjingshanishometomorethan7,100speciesofwildplantsandanimals.Therearemorethan40different____39____(type)offorestsaswellasendangeredanimals.TheFanjingshanNationalNatureReservewasestablishedin1978.It____40____(recognize)asaUNESCOBiosphereReservein1986.Thereservecoversanarea____41____morethan77,500hectaresandwasnamedaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein2018.Toprotectbiologicalactivitymore____42____(effective),theFanjingshanadministrationhassetupobservationstationsandputin____43____(monitor)equipment.ExpertssayFanjingshanhasanadvantageinitsapplicationtobecomea____44____(nation)parkinthatitistheonlynaturalhabitatfortheGuizhousnub-nosedmonkeyandtheFanjingshanfir,bothofwhichhavebeenratedas_____45_____(threaten)speciesbytheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature.【答案】36.the37.Its38.which,39.types40.wasrecognized41.of42.effectively43.tomonitor44.national45.threatened【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了贵州著名景点梵净山。【36题详解】考查冠词。句意：四月初，梵净山脚下鲜花盛开，皑皑白雪还贴在山顶上。分析句子，句中atthefootof为固定短语，意为“在……脚下”。故填the。【37题详解】考查代词。句意：梵净山位于中国西南部贵州省铜仁市东北部，其绿色和新鲜的植被是梵净山的主要特征。分析句子，设空处使用it的形容词性物主代词its作定语。同时该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填Its。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：梵净山位于中国西南部贵州省铜仁市东北部，其绿色和新鲜的植被是梵净山的主要特征。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句。引导词在从句中作主语，修饰前文的先行词Fanjingshan，为物。故填which。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：这里有40多种不同类型的森林以及濒危动物。设空处type为名词，意为“种类”，此处表示复数，使用名词作主语。故填types。【40题详解】考查动词。句意：1986年被联合国教科文组织认定为生物圈保护区。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。句中berecognizedas为固定短语，意为“被认为，被视为”，同时句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasrecognized。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：该保护区占地超过7.75万公顷，于2018年被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产。分析句子，句中anareaof为固定短语，意为“一个……的区域”。故填of。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：为了更有效地保护生物活动，梵净山政府已经建立了观测站，并投入了监测设备。分析句子，设空处使用effective的副词effectively作状语，意为“积极地”。故填effectively。,【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中hassetup为谓语动词，设空处使用不定式结构作定语。故填tomonitor。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：专家表示，梵净山申请成为国家公园的优势在于，它是贵州金丝猴和梵净山冷杉唯一的自然栖息地，这两种动物都被国际自然保护联盟列为濒危物种。分析句子，设空处使用nation的形容词national作定语，意为“国家的”。故填national。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用threaten的形容词threatened作定语，意为“濒危的”。故填threatened。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，下个月你校将举行长跑比赛，请你给学校国际部好友Jim写封电子邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：1.比赛的时间、地点等；2.提高长跑能力的建议。注意：1.词数80左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,I’mLiHua.Nextmonthourschoolwillholdlong-distancerun.NowI’llintroducesomeinformationaboutitforyou.,TheactivitywillbeheldinourcampusonMay6th,duringwhichfirstourheadmasterwilldeliveraspeech,tellingusthebenefitsoftheactivityandencouragingusstudentstodomoresportstokeephealthy.Thenwe’llprepareforthelongrun,suchasdoingsomewarming-up,drinkingsomewateretc.Nextthelongrunwillstart.Asforsuggestionsforbetterrunning,it’sbesttoapproachitgraduallyinordertoavoidoveruseinjuries.Youknow,runninglongerdistancestakestimeandpatience,soyoushouldcheckyourpaceonyourrunsincaseyouruntoofast.Wewouldbeverygladifyoucouldattendtheactivity.Lookingforwardtoyourjoiningus.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校国际部好友Jim写封电子邮件，邀请他参加长跑比赛。【详解】1.词汇积累举办：hold→conduct鼓励：encourage→inspire逐渐地：gradually→progressively高兴的：glad→delighted2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Thenwe’llprepareforthelongrun,suchasdoingsomewarming-up,drinkingsomewateretc.Nextthelongrunwillstart.拓展句：Thenwe’llprepareforthelongrun,suchasdoingsomewarming-up,drinkingsomewateretc.,afterwhichthelongrunwillstart.【点睛】【高分句型1】TheactivitywillbeheldinourcampusonMay6th,duringwhichfirstourheadmasterwilldeliveraspeech,tellingusthebenefitsoftheactivityandencouragingusstudentstodomoresportstokeephealthy.(运用了介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句和现在分词作状语)【高分句型2】Youknow,runninglongerdistancestakestimeandpatience,soyoushouldcheckyourpaceonyourrunsincaseyouruntoofast.(运用了incase引导的目的状语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。JanegotanFinthescienceclass.Shamefully,sheburiedherfaceinherhands,thinkingthedaywasreally,terrible.Theworstwasthatitwashertwelfthbirthday.Theday’sawfulnessbeganwhenJanedecidedtostayupuntilmidnightsothatshecouldwitnessthemomentwhensheofiallyturnedtwelve.Unfortunately,shemissedit.Herdaydidn’timproveatbreakfast.Carl,herbabybrother,threwupwhileeatinghisbabyfood,causingherparentstospendthewholetimecleaningupthemessandworryingCarlpossiblybeingsick.Likeagoodmature(成熟的)twelve-year-old,Janekeptquietandpretendedshewasn’tangry.Sheknewthatitwasn’tCarl’sfault.Afterall,hewasjusta10-month-oldcrawling(会爬的)babywhowasonlyabletocall“mama”and“papa”.Janeseemedtobeangryalotrecently.Everyonesaiditwashormones(激素),butshewasprettysureitwasbecauseofunfaimess.IthadbasicallystartedwhenherparentsdecidedtohaveanotherkidandwhenJanewasbecomingsmartandmature.Thosegrown-upqualitiesonlybroughtherincreasedresponsibility.Besidesmountainsofhomework,shewasdutifulforplayingwithandcaringforlittleCarlsometimes.JanelovedCarl.Sheevenboughthimatoycat.Buthisshiningeyesdidn’tgiveanyindicationofunderstandingherupset.Asshewalkedhome,Janewonderedwhatfurtherunpleasantnesswouldawait.Didherparentsremembertodaywasherbirthday?Theyhadgivennosuchclueatbreakfast.Didshewantanotheroneofthosebirthdaypartiesthatwerethrownforherwhenshewaslittle?She’denjoyedthematthetime,butnowthatwouldonlyembarrassher.Andconsideringpreviousfestivals,shecouldn’texpectanythingelsefromherparents.Janereturnedhomeandopenedthefrontdoor.Shesawthehouselookinigdeserted.Well,thissuitedherfine.Then,shesteppedinside.1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Suddenly,herparentsjumpedoutwiththepartyhats,saying,“Surprise!”________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________“Jane!”saidCarl,dragginghisfavoritetoycat.____________________________________________________________________________________________,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Suddenly,herparentsjumpedoutwiththepartyhats,saying,“Surprise!”Janestoodthereinshockforafewsecondsbeforeasmilebrokeoutonherface.Theyhadrememberedherbirthdayafterall.Theroomwasdecoratedwithballoonsandstreamers,andtherewasabigcakeinthecenterofthetable.Herparentsexplainedthattheyhadbeenplanningthesurprisepartyforweeks,andCarlhadbeeninonittoo.Theyhadkeptitasecretsothattheycouldsurpriseher.Theyevenhadapresentforher-abookonmarinebiology,somethingshehadbeenwantingformonths.Shecouldn'twaittodiveintoit.“Jane!”saidCarl,dragginghisfavoritetoycat.Janeturnedtohimandscoopedhimupinherarms.Shehuggedhimtightly,gratefulforhisinnocentlove.Sherealizedthattheresponsibilitiesofbeingabigsisterwerenotalwayseasy,buttheywereworthitformomentslikethis.Carllookedupatherwithatoothlessgrin,andsheknewthathewasjusthappytobewithher.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了简在科学课上得了不及格，她觉得这一天太糟糕了。最重要的是，因为这一天是她的生日。她认为家人不会记得自己的生日的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“突然，她的父母拿着派对帽跳出来，说：“惊喜！””可知，第一段可描写简对家人记得自己的生日感到惊讶。②由第二段首句内容““简！”卡尔拖着他最喜欢的玩具猫说。”可知，第二段可描写简对弟弟的爱。2.续写线索：惊讶——解释——礼物——感激——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①.吃惊：surprise/amaze②.拥抱：hug/embrace③.意识到：realize/beconsciousof情绪类①.感激的：grateful/thankful②.高兴的：happy/glad【点睛】[高分句型1].Theyhadkeptitasecretsothattheycouldsurpriseher.（运用了sothat,引导的目的状语从句）[高分句型2].Sherealizedthattheresponsibilitiesofbeingabigsisterwerenotalwayseasy,buttheywereworthitformomentslikethis.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）,