北京市房山区2022-2023学年高三英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

房山区2022-2023学年度第一学期诊断性评价高三英语第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Itwasawindyday.IwaswalkinginaforestwhenIsawababysquirrel(松鼠),whofelloutofitsnest,lying____1____ontheground.Itriedmanytimestoputitback,butfailed.Afterwaitingovertwohours,Ifounditcouldn’t____2____,soIdecidedtotakeittomyhomeforthenight.Onceathome,Irealizedthesquirrel,whoInamedCathy,wasstilluncomfortable.Idiscoveredthatthereweresomeweedsonherbody,soIgavehera____3____andgotherallcleanedup.Threedayslater,Cathycouldmoveintheroom.Toourdelight,shegot____4____tomeandmyfamily.Igavealotoftimeandattentiontoher,andevenmadeheranest.Everyday,Ifedheracombinationofhealthyfoods,includingfruits,vegetables,andnuts.Undermy____5____,thebabymembergotbetterandbetter.Everyonewhocametomyhomelovedher,andsheeven____6____withmytwodogs.Oneweeklater,Cathyrecovered____7____.Irealizeditwastherighttimeforhertoleave.I____8____herintothewildseveraltimes,butshejustkeptcomingback!Maybeshewasso____9____thatIsavedher,andexpresseditinherownway.Atlast,withthehelpofmyfriend,thesquirrelwentintothewild.“Cathyhasbroughtalotof_____10_____intomylife,anditseemsthatshefeelsthesameway!”1.A.calmB.silentC.weakD.curious2.A.waveB.seeC.approachD.move3.A.rideB.bathC.choiceD.trick4.A.ruderB.noblerC.closerD.noisier5.A.careB.controlC.guidanceD.praise6.A.putupB.gotawayC.brokeupD.gotalong7.A.completelyB.differentlyC.anxiouslyD.disappointedly8.A.riskedB.threwC.hidD.released9.A.happyB.confidentC.gratefulD.proud10.A.securityB.joyC.courageD.freedom【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.C5.A6.D7.A8.D9.C10.B 【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者在森林散步的时候救助了一只小松鼠的故事。【1题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我走在森林里，看到一只小松鼠从巢里掉了出来，虚弱地躺在地上。A.calm镇静的、沉着的；B.silent安静的、沉默的；C.weak虚弱的；D.curious好奇的。根据上文“whofelloutofitsnest”及下文内容可知，从巢里掉了出来，说明小松鼠现在很虚弱。故选C项。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在等了两个多小时后，我发现它动不了，所以我决定把它带回家过夜。A.wave波动、招手；B.see看见；C.approach接近、走近；D.move移动、行动。根据下文“Threedayslater,Cathycouldmoveintheroom.”可知，小松鼠动不了了，所以需要将小松鼠带回家。故选D项。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我发现她身上有一些杂草，所以我给她洗了个澡，把她洗干净了。A.ride短途旅程、旅行；B.bath沐浴、洗澡；C.choice选择；D.trick技巧、花招、诡计。根据后面“gotherallcleanedup”可知，将它全身清理干净，说明是给小松鼠洗了个澡。故选B项。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：让我们高兴的是，她变得与我和我的家人更亲近了。A.ruder更粗鲁的；B.nobler更高贵的、更华丽的；C.closer更亲近的；D.noisier更吵的。根据句意及下文内容可知，此处指与我的家人“更亲近”了。故选C项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的照顾下，松鼠宝宝的身体越来越好。A.care照料、护理；B.control控制；C.guidance引导；D.praise表扬。根据前面“Everyday,Ifedheracombinationofhealthyfoods,includingfruits,vegetables,andnuts.”可知，每天给小松鼠喂各种吃的，说明是在我的照顾下，小松鼠变得越来越好了。故选A项。【6题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每个来我家的人都很喜欢她，她甚至和我的两条狗也相处得很好。A.putup举起、提高；B.gotaway逃离；C.brokeup分手、打碎；D.gotalong相处。根据句意可知，此处表示“与我的两条狗相处得好”，getalongwith为固定搭配，表示“与……和睦相处”。故选D项。【7题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一周后，凯茜完全康复了。A.completely完全地；B.differently不同地；C.anxiously焦急地；D.disappointedly失望地。根据后面的“Irealizeditwastherighttimeforhertoleave.”可知，是时候让小松鼠离开了，说明已经完全好了。故选A项。 【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我几次把她放回野外，但她总是回来！A.risked冒险；B.threw抛、丢弃；C.hid隐藏；D.released释放、松开。根据前面“Irealizeditwastherighttimeforhertoleave.”可知，此处是要将小松鼠放回野外。故选D项。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许她很感激我救了她，并以她自己的方式表达出来。A.happy开心的、幸福的；B.confident自信的；C.grateful感激的；D.proud骄傲的、自豪的。根据后面的“Isavedher,andexpresseditinherownway”可知，我救了它，说明它是在用自己的方式感激我。故选C项【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：凯茜给我的生活带来了很多快乐，看来她也这么觉得！A.security安全；B.joy喜悦、快乐；C.courage勇气；D.freedom自由。根据上文“Toourdelight,shegot____4____tomeandmyfamily.”以及“Everyonewhocametomyhomelovedher,andsheeven____6____withmytwodogs.”可知，此处指小松鼠给我们带来了很多快乐。故选B项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Lastweekend,Iparticipatedinaclean-upactivity.Itwasorganizedbyanorganization____11____aimedtoprotectnaturalparks.Ourteamleader,Joe,____12____(take)ustoaparkoutsidethecity.Hedividedusintotwogroupsandweworkedforseveralhours.____13____madeushappywasthattheparklookedcleanerthanithadlookedbefore.Itwasabsolutelyworthoureffort!There’llbeanotherclean-upactivityinthegreenbeltnextSaturday.I’lljointoo.【答案】11.which##that12.took13.What【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者参与清扫活动的经历。【11题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它是由一个旨在保护自然公园的组织组织的。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的名词organization，这是一个定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词表示物，故可用which或that引导。故填which或that。【12题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：我们的领队乔带我们去城外的一个公园。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词，其主语为ourteamleader，二者之间为主动关系，用主动语态，结合上下文动词时态可知，本文通篇都在描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填took。【13题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：使我们高兴的是公园看起来比以前干净多了。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，整个从句作was的主语，这是一个主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示物，应用what引导，设空处位于句首，需首字母大写。故填What。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Chinese____14____(researcher)havedeployedanin-situscientificexperimentstationontheseabedthatwillenablelong-termuncrewedscientificresearchinthedeepsea.Thein-situscientificexperimentstationisanewdeep-seasystem____15____(suggest)byChinainrecentyears.Usually,____16____(tradition)marinesurveystakesamplesfromtheseabedandgetthemtestedinthelandlabs.Forin-situtestinginthedeepsea,damageorlossofsampledataduetoenvironmentalchangescan____17____(avoid).【答案】14.researchers15.suggested16.traditional17.beavoided【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。中国研究人员在海底部署了原位科学实验站，使得深海科学研究成为可能，文章介绍了实验站的工作原理。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：中国研究人员已经在海底部署了一个原位科学实验站，这将使长期无人在深海进行科学研究成为可能。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作主语，应用名词，结合谓语动词havedeployed可知，谓语为复数形式，故主语也需用复数形式。故填researchers。【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：原位科学实验站是近年来中国提出的一种新型深海系统。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语为anewdeep-seasystem，和动词suggest二者之间为被动关系，应用过去分词形式，此处整个分词短语作后置定语。故填suggested。【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：通常，传统的海洋调查从海底采集样本，然后在陆地实验室进行测试。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作定语，修饰后面的marinesurveys，此处应填形容词，tradition的形容词形式为traditional，表示“传统的”。故填traditional。【17题详解】考查动词语态。句意：在深海进行原位测试，可以避免由于环境变化造成样品数据的损坏或丢失。分析句子可知，设空处在句中和前面的can一起构成谓语，主语为damageorlossofsampledata，与avoid之间为被动关系，故此处应用被动语态bedone结构。故填beavoided。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Possessingmorebamboothananyothercountryintheworld,ChinaisknownastheKingdomofBamboo.TotheChinesepeople,bambooisthesymbolofvirtue.Ithasthetitleof“thegentlemanofplants”.Itisalways____18____(close)relatedtopeopleofpositivespirit.Forexample,____19____(it)deeprootsymbolizesdetermination,andthestraightandhollowstemrepresentsstraightnessandmodesty.BambooculturealwaysplaysapositiveroleinencouragingChinesepeopletoholdonwhen____20____(face)toughsituations.【答案】18.closely19.its20.facing【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了竹子在中国所象征的意义。【18题详解】考查副词。句意：它总是与人的积极精神密切相关。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰后面的形容词related，故应用副词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示“密切相关”，应用closely，表示“紧密地、密切地”。故填closely。【19题详解】考查代词。句意：例如，它的深根象征决心，而直而中空的茎代表正直和谦虚。分析句子可知，设空处在句中限定后面的deeproot，结合句意及提示词可知，此处表示“它的深根”，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：竹文化一直在鼓励中国人面对困难时坚持不懈地发挥着积极的作用。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式，其逻辑主语为Chinesepeople，二者之间为主动关系，应用现在分词doing；此处是一个when引导的时间状语从句的省略，原句应为whentheyarefacing toughsituations，此处将主语和be动词省略了。故填facing。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASomelibrariesuseuniquearchitecturetoencouragevisitorstoexplorethebookshelvesandsettledownwithanewbook,oruserovinglibrariestobringbookstohard-to-reachpopulations.Nomatterhowtheyachieveit,thesenovellibrariesarekeepingthemagicofreadingalive.BishanLibrary(Singapore)Builtin2006,thislibrarywithskylightsandtrellises,ismeanttoinvokeamodernglasstreehouse.Glasspodsofvaryingcolorsstickoutofthebuildingrandomlytocreatecozyyetairycornersforreadingthroughoutthebuilding.Atthesametime,amoreopen-planchildren’sroomonthebasementlevelinvitesinteractionwhilepreventingnoisefromfilteringupwardanddisturbingthoseconcentratingintheloftyperchesabove.StuttgartCityLibrary(Stuttgart,Germany)Openedin2011,thisnine-storypubliclibraryischaracterizedbyitsattractivewhitecolorscheme(litbybluelightatnight),itsboldcubicshape.Thisculturalcenterforthecity,designedtofeelopenandfulloflight,canbeenteredfromanyofitsfoursides,andpeoplecanborrowartworkaswellasbooks.TheCamelLibraryService(NorthEasternProvince,Kenya)TocombatlowliteracyratesinthedesertofKenya,thegovernmentcreatedaroaminglibrarycomposedofninecamelsbringingbookstovillages.Thelibrarytravelsfourdaysaweekservingtheregion’snomadicpeople.Withmorefunding,theyplantoincreasetheirreachbothindistanceandthebookstheycarry.MacquarieUniversityLibrary(Sydney,Australia)Awonderfulcombinationofcutting-edgeandsustainableideas,thisbuildingwasmadefromrecycledmaterials,featuresagreenroof,andwasdesignedtolookliketheshapeofaeucalyptustree.Itisalsostateoftheart,usingrobotcranestobringrequestedbookstothefrontdesk.21.Whichofthefollowingcanoffertheserviceoflendingartwork?A.BishanLibrary.B.StuttgartCityLibrary.C.TheCamelLibraryService.D.MacquarieUniversityLibrary.22.WhatcanweknowabouttheMacquarieUniversityLibrary?A.Itisintelligentandenvironmentally-friendly.B.Ithasagreenroofandaeucalyptustreeoutside. C.Itislikeamodernglasstreehousewithskylights.D.Itopensfourdaysaweekservingthelocalpeople.23.Accordingtothepassage,thefourlibrariesarealldesignedto________.A.preventnoiseB.recycleoldbooksC.encouragereadingD.presentbeautifulappearances【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个不同地方的创意图书馆，其目的是鼓励人们阅读。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据StuttgartCityLibrary(Stuttgart,Germany)中的“Thisculturalcenterforthecity,designedtofeelopenandfulloflight,canbeenteredfromanyofitsfoursides,andpeoplecanborrowartworkaswellasbooks.(这座城市的文化中心设计得很开放，光线充足，可以从四面进入，人们可以借阅艺术品和书籍。)”可知，人们可以从这个图书馆借艺术作品和书。故选B项。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据MacquarieUniversityLibrary(Sydney,Australia)中的“Awonderfulcombinationofcutting-edgeandsustainableideas,thisbuildingwasmadefromrecycledmaterials,featuresagreenroof,andwasdesignedtolookliketheshapeofaeucalyptustree.Itisalsostateoftheart,usingrobotcranestobringrequestedbookstothefrontdesk.(这座建筑是尖端技术和可持续理念的完美结合，由回收材料建造，有绿色屋顶，设计模仿桉树的外观。它也是最先进的，使用机器人起重机将所需的书籍送到前台。)”可知，MacquarieUniversityLibrary将尖端技术与可持续理念完美结合，由机器人起重机将所需书籍送到前台。由此可知，该图书馆非常智能，对环境也很友好。故选A项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Somelibrariesuseuniquearchitecturetoencouragevisitorstoexplorethebookshelvesandsettledownwithanewbook,oruserovinglibrariestobringbookstohard-to-reachpopulations.Nomatterhowtheyachieveit,thesenovellibrariesarekeepingthemagicofreadingalive.(有些图书馆以独特的建筑外观吸引游客在书架间探索、专心阅读一本新书，或通过流动图书馆服务，将书籍带给不便于到馆的读者。无论方式如何，这些别具一格的图书馆都让阅读的魔力经久不衰。)”可知，文章介绍的这些图书馆归根结底都有一个目的，就是吸引读者阅读、鼓励读者阅读。故选C项。B Influencedbyherfamily,XustartedtolearnthecraftofmakingChineseknotsathome,butdidn’texpectthepastimetochangeherlifeatfirst.Xubecameacity-levelinheritorofthisprovincial-levelintangibleculturalheritagein2009,andhasbeendevotedtodevelopingthecraftsincethen.Asafanofphotography,sheoftentookphotosofdragonflies,butterfliesandflowersaroundalakenotfarfromherhome,thenshemadeknotsresemblingthem,andpostedthephotosonawebsite.Thatattractedtheattentionofsomepeople.Asanadvertisingdesignmajor,shemakesinnovatedknotsbasedonherknowledgeofdesign,andcanusevariousthreadstomakesmall,exquisitedesigns.ShehascreatedmanyseriesofworksbasedontraditionalChineseculture,suchasfestivals,teaandPekingOperacharacters.“ShowingChineseculturethroughtraditionalChinesecrafts—thatistheoriginalaspirationformeasaninheritoroftheintangibleculturalheritage,”saysXu.Shehasmademorethan3,000designs,andevenopenedtwoofflinebranchstores.Herproductsincludedecorationsofdifferentsizesthatcanbeputonwalls,carornaments,cellphonechainsandjewelry.“Ibelieveourintangibleculturalheritagecanbebetterdevelopedandpasseddownwhenitmeetspeople’sneedsindailylife,”saysXu.Chen,anonlinefollower,hasbeenteachinghowtomakeknotsintheUnitedArabEmirates.“InfluencedbyXu’swork,Ilearnthecrafttocultivatemytemperament,andIalsoteachchildrentobetterunderstandChineseculture,”saysChen.“ChinesecultureispopularintheUAE,andIoftenmakesomeknotswithChineseelementsforlocalpeopleasgifts.”Xuhasalsobeengenerousinhelpingothers.Shetaughtthisarttoworkerswholosttheirjobsinherhometown,allowingthemtomasteraskillfromwhichtheycouldearnanincome.Studentsandpeoplewithdisabilitieswerealsobeneficiaries.Indeed,morethan20peoplewithdisabilitiesnowactuallyworkforher.Despitethesuccessofhercareer,Xusaysworkingonthecrafthasbenefitedhermoreinaspiritualway.“Tyingknotsrequiresconcentration,andyoumustnotbedistractedduringtheprocess.Ithastrainedmetodealwithmattersinacalm,peacefulandrationalway,”saysXu.“Ibelievethelifeofonepersonisshort,andyouhavetherighttodecidehowtospendit.”24.Withtheknowledgeofdesign,Xucan________.A.postplentyofattractivephotosonthewebsiteB.drawthePekingOperacharactersmorevividlyC.makemanycreativeknotsrelatedtoChinesecultureD.takemanyprofessionalphotosofanimalsandflowers25.WhatcanwelearnaboutXu? A.Sheplanstoopenmoreofflinebranchstoresabroad.B.Shedesignsproductswithafocusonpeople’severydayneeds.C.Sheiswell-knownforteachinghowtomakeknotsintheUAE.D.Shewantstohelpdisabledstudentsimprovetheirconcentration.26.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeXu?A.Honestandeasy-going.B.Modestandstrong-willed.C.Humorousandhard-working.D.Innovativeandkind-hearted.27.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TraditionalChineseCraftsGoGlobalB.ChineseKnot-making,aSkillNottobeIgnoredC.TraditionalChineseCultureBecomesFashionableD.ChineseKnot-making,aChancefortheUnemployed【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了从小受家庭影响的徐，在家制作中国结，并根据自己拍摄的照片编制中国结获得大众喜爱，同时利用自己的广告设计专业优势进行创新，弘扬中国传统文化，成为非物质文化遗产继承人，帮助同乡的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“Asanadvertisingdesignmajor,shemakesinnovatedknotsbasedonherknowledgeofdesign,andcanusevariousthreadstomakesmall,exquisitedesigns.ShehascreatedmanyseriesofworksbasedontraditionalChineseculture,suchasfestivals,teaandPekingOperacharacters.”（作为一名广告设计专业的学生，她根据自己的设计知识，制作了创新的结，并能利用各种线制作出精美的小图案。她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐利用设计知识可以制作和中国传统文化相关的创意中国结。故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段后两句“Herproductsincludedecorationsofdifferentsizesthatcanbeputonwalls,carornaments,cellphonechainsandjewelry.“Ibelieveourintangibleculturalheritagecanbebetterdevelopedandpasseddownwhenitmeetspeople’sneedsindailylife,”saysXu.”（她的产品包括可以挂在墙上的不同大小的装饰品、汽车装饰品、手机链和珠宝。他说：“我相信，非物质文化遗产在满足人们日常生活需要的时候，才能得到更好的发展和传承。”）可知，她设计产品的重点是人们的日常需求。故选B项。【26题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段最后一句“ShehascreatedmanyseriesofworksbasedontraditionalChineseculture,suchasfestivals,teaandPekingOperacharacters.”（她创作了许多基于中国传统文化的作品，如节日、茶和京剧人物。）可知，徐是一个有创造力的人。由文章倒数第二段的首句“Xuhasalsobeengenerousinhelpingothers.”（徐一直慷慨地帮助他人。）可知，徐是一位热心的人。故选D项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。文章讲述徐先生因为中国结去的事业上的成就，，中国结在阿联酋得到欢迎，以及徐先生教授一些弱势群体通过中国结过得收入。可以推知本篇文章主要突显中国结这项技艺十分重要，应该得以继续传承。结合选项。B选项：中国结制作，一项不容忽视的技能。符合文章的总结概括。故选B。CWiththedevelopmentoftechnology,“paperless”seemstobethenewtrend.Insteadofwritingbyhand,peoplebegantousecomputerstotypeinordertoproducetextquickly.Somepeoplesaidwordprocessingmadeproducingandeditingtextmucheasier.Willhandwritingbecompletelyreplacedbytyping?A2017studyinthejournalFrontiersinPsychologyfoundthatregionsofthebrainassociatedwithlearningweremoreactivewhensubjectscompletedataskbyhandinsteadofonakeyboard.Notonlythat,butthestudy’sauthorsalsofoundthatwritingbyhandcouldpromote“deepencodingorprocessing”inawaythattypingdoesnot.Infact,therehavebeenmanysuchstudiestoarriveatthatconclusion.Onenotableexamplefrom2014comparedstudentswhotooknotesbyhandwiththosewhotooknotesonlaptops.Theyfoundthatthestudentsusinglaptopstendedtowritedownwhattheprofessorsaidwordforword,whilethosewhotooknotesbyhandweremorelikelytolistentowhatwasbeingsaid,analyzingitforimportantcontentand“processinginformationandreframingitintheirownwords.”Whenaskedconceptualquestionsaboutthelecture,studentswhohadtakennotesbyhandwerebetterabletoanswerthanthosewhohadtypedtheirnotes.DanielOppenheimer,oneofthestudy’sco-authors,toldMedium’sElementalthatinordertoanalyzethelecture,peoplehadtocontemplatethematerialandactuallyunderstandthearguments.Thishelpedthemlearnthematerialbetter.Themostannoyingthingaboutwritingbyhandisalsowhatmakesitsoeffectiveforlearning.VirginiaBerningeraprofessorattheUniversityofWashington,says,“Whenwewritealetterofthealphabet,theprocessofproductioninvolvespathwaysinthebrainthatgonearorthroughpartsthatmanageemotion.”Pressingakeydoesn’tstimulatethosepathwaysthesameway.Shesays,“It’spossiblethatthere’snotthesameconnectiontotheemotionalpartofthebrainwhenpeopletype,asopposedtowritinginlonghand.”“Inthesamevein,writinginlonghandalsoallowspeopletoreallyfigureoutwhattheymeantosay,”Oppenheimersays,“whichmayhelpself-expression.”Ourkeyboardsaregreatforalotofthings.Butsometimes,there’snoreplacingthefeelingofspreadingouta cleansheetofpaper,uncappingabelovedpen,andlettingtheinkflow.28.TheauthorusesthequestionunderlinedinParagraph1to________.A.predicttheendingB.introducethetopicC.emphasizeanopinionD.drawaconclusion29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Peoplewhowritebyhandtendtothinkdeeply.B.Peoplewhowritebyhandarelikelytomakecomparisons.C.Peoplewhowritebyhandslowdowntheirlearningprocess.D.Peoplewhowritebyhandfinditdifficulttoimprovetheirmemory.30.Asforhandwriting,theauthorthinksitis________.A.accurateB.unimportantC.annoyingD.beneficial【答案】28.B29.A30.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章开篇提出随着科技的发展，无纸化已经成为了一种新趋势，问手写会不会完全被打字替代，然后举例说明了手写带来的好处，认为手写是有益的。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,“paperless”seemstobethenewtrend.Insteadofwritingbyhand,peoplebegantousecomputerstotypeinordertoproducetextquickly.Somepeoplesaidwordprocessingmadeproducingandeditingtextmucheasier.Willhandwritingbecompletelyreplacedbytyping?(随着科技的发展，“无纸化”似乎是一种新的趋势。人们开始用电脑打字来代替手写，以便快速生成文本。一些人说，文字处理使文本的制作和编辑变得更加容易。手写会被打字完全取代吗?)”可知，文章开篇提出了“无纸化”是一种新趋势，然后以设问“手写会完全被打字取代吗？”；结合下文内容可知，文章第二、三、四、五段都分别举了例子来进行反驳；由此可推知，第一段最后一句的设问是为了引出话题。故选B项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Notonlythat,butthestudy’sauthorsalsofoundthatwritingbyhandcouldpromote“deepencodingorprocessing”inawaythattypingdoesnot.(不仅如此，该研究的作者还发现，手写可以促进“深度编码或处理”，而打字则不行。)”可知，手写可以促进“深度编码或处理”；第三段中的“Theyfoundthatthestudentsusinglaptopstendedtowritedownwhattheprofessorsaidwordforword,whilethosewhotooknotesbyhandweremorelikelytolistentowhatwasbeingsaid,analyzingitforimportantcontentand“processinginformationandreframingitintheirownwords.”(他们发现，使用笔记本电脑的学生倾向于逐 字逐句地记下教授所说的内容，而用手记笔记的学生更倾向于倾听教授所说的内容，分析其中的重要内容，“处理信息并用自己的话重新组织。”)”可知，用手写记笔记的学生更倾向“处理信息并用自己的话重新组织”；第四段中的“Themostannoyingthingaboutwritingbyhandisalsowhatmakesitsoeffectiveforlearning.(手写最让人讨厌的地方，也是它对学习如此有效的原因。)”可知，手写对学习很有效；第五段中的““Inthesamevein,writinginlonghandalsoallowspeopletoreallyfigureoutwhattheymeantosay,”Oppenheimersays,“whichmayhelpself-expression.”(奥本海默说：“同样，手写也能让人们真正明白自己想说什么，这可能有助于自我表达。”)”可知，手写能让人真正明白自己想说什么，有助于自我表达。由此可知，手写其实比打字更能让人深度思考。故选A项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ourkeyboardsaregreatforalotofthings.Butsometimes,there’snoreplacingthefeelingofspreadingoutacleansheetofpaper,uncappingabelovedpen,andlettingtheinkflow.(我们的键盘在很多方面都很好用。但有时候，摊开一张干净的纸，打开心爱的钢笔，让墨水流淌的感觉是无与伦比的。)”可知，作者认为虽然键盘很好用，但摊开一张干净的纸，打开心爱的钢笔，让墨水流淌的感觉是无与伦比的。由此可知，作者认为手写是有益的，故选D项。DOfalltheweirdandwonderfulcreatureslivingunderthesea,perhapsthestrangestarejellyfish—thoserubbery,cone-shapedcreaturesfoundfloatinginthewater,theirlongtentaclestrailingbehind.Somejellyfishspecieshaveabadreputationforscaringawaytourists,cloggingupfishingnets,andevenblockingpowerstationpipes.Butwithmoreandmoreplasticrubbishendingupinthesea,thesedaysyou’reaslikelytoswimintoaplasticbagasajellyfish.Nowscientificresearchisdiscoveringthattheserubberyseacreaturesmightprovideananswer—astickysolutiontotheproblemofplasticpollution.Inrecentyears,tinypiecesofplasticcalledmicroplastichavebeenasignificantproblemfortheworld’sseasandoceans.Theseplasticsarenotvisibletotheeyeandaren’tcaughtbyseawatertreatmentplantsduetotheirsmallsize,sotheyenteroursystemandharmourhealth.They’vebeenfoundinmanyplaces—inArcticice,atthebottomoftheseaandeveninsideanimals.Slovenianscientist,DrAnaRotter,headsGoJelly,aEuropeanresearchteamofjellyfishecologistslookingintotheproblem.Microplastics,plasticsingeneral,arebecominganincreasingproblem.DrAnaRottersayswhenshewasachild,peopleweremoreenvironmentallyfriendly—notharmfultotheenvironmentorhavingtheleastpossibleimpactonit.Atthattime,therewereveryfewsingle-useplastics—plasticitems,likespoonsandforks,designedtobeusedjustonce,thenthrownaway.Thesituationsincethenhaschangeddramatically.Infact,there’sbeensuchanincreaseinmicroplasticsthattodaytheUNlistsplasticpollutionasoneoftheworld’stopenvironmentalthreats. Buthowdojellyfishfitintothestory?Well,it’sthe‘jelly’partofjellyfish,andspecificallytheirsticky,jelly-likemucusthatiskey.Jellyfishproduceathick,stickyliquidcalledmucus.DrAnaRotterhasdiscoveredthatthismucushasstrongabsorptivecapabilities—itcanabsorb,takeinliquidsandothersubstances.Oneofthesubstancesjellyfishmucusabsorbsaretheparticlesthatmakeupmicroplastics.DrRotter’sresearchisstillintheearlystagesbutit’shopedthatjellyfishmucuscouldholdthekeytoafuturefreeofmicroplasticpollutedoceans.Scientistsarehopingthatthemucus’sabsorptiveproperties—itsabilitiestoabsorbliquidsandothersubstancesandholdthem,willallowittotrapparticlesofplasticfloatinginthesea.Bytrappingthese,themucusactslikeamagnet—anobjectthatattractscertainmaterials,likemetal,butinthiscase,microplasticwaste.31.Paragraph3mainlytalksabout________.A.wheremicroplasticscanbefoundB.whymicroplasticscanharmourhealthC.whatproblemstheseasandoceansarefacingD.howtheresearchwascarriedoutbythescientist32.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Jellyfishspeciescauseagreatthreattothesea.B.Jellyfishspeciesliketoswimandliveinplasticbags.C.Jellyfishmucuscanattractmetalsandbreakthemdown.D.Jellyfishmucuscanabsorbliquidsandsomeothersubstances.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“properties”inParagraph6mostprobablymean?A.Qualities.B.Substances.C.Choices.D.Materials.34.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Toshowtheharmthatseaandoceanpollutionbringstohumanbeings.B.Tointroducethelivinghabitsoftheweirdandwonderfulcreaturesinthesea.C.Toprovideanewmethodforcollectingdataonenvironmentalthreatsinthesea.D.Toinformapromisingscientificfindingfordealingwithplasticpollutioninthesea.【答案】31.C32.D33.A34.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。随着海洋中塑料垃圾的增多，科学家们正试图通过水母的黏液研究解决海洋中微塑料的方法。 【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Inrecentyears,tinypiecesofplasticcalledmicroplastichavebeenasignificantproblemfortheworld’sseasandoceans.(近年来，被称为微塑料的微小塑料碎片已经成为世界海洋的一个重大问题)”可知，本段主要介绍了微塑料近年来已经成为世界海洋面临的一个重大问题。由此可推知，本段主要介绍了世界海洋面临的问题。故选C项。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“DrAnaRotterhasdiscoveredthatthismucushasstrongabsorptivecapabilities—itcanabsorb,takeinliquidsandothersubstances.(安娜·罗特博士发现这种粘液有很强的吸收能力——它可以吸收液体和其他物质)”可知，水母的黏液可以吸收液体和其他物质。故选D项。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第六段中的“Scientistsarehopingthatthemucus’sabsorptiveproperties—itsabilitiestoabsorbliquidsandothersubstancesandholdthem,willallowittotrapparticlesofplasticfloatinginthesea.(科学家们希望黏液的吸收特性——它吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力——能让它捕获漂浮在海里的塑料颗粒)”可知，absorptiveproperties与后面的itsabilitiestoabsorbliquidsandothersubstancesandholdthem为同义表达，此处表示“吸收液体和其他物质，并容纳它们的能力”，由此可推知，此处指“吸收特性”，properties为property的复数形式，原意为“特性”，与quality互为同义表达。故选A项。【34题详解】推理判断题。阅读文章内容可知，文章开篇通过水母引出话题，第二段“Nowscientificresearchisdiscoveringthattheserubberyseacreaturesmightprovideananswer—astickysolutiontotheproblemofplasticpollution.(现在，科学研究发现，这些橡胶状的海洋生物可能会为塑料污染问题提供一个棘手的解决方案)”提到了水母这种生物可能为塑料污染问题提供解决方案；第三、四、五、六段介绍了AnaRotter博士利用水母的黏液吸收海洋微塑料垃圾的相关研究。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的在于介绍一种有望解决海洋塑料垃圾的科学研究。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Happinessisconsideredveryimportantinlife.Itissopowerfulthatitaffectsmanythingsinyourlife—yoursleep,relationships,health,studyandwork.____35____Happinessdoesn’thappenspontaneously—itrequiresplanningtowardspursuingthingsthatmattertous.____36____It’snecessarytosetgoalstolookforwardtoandfollowanactionableplantoachievethem,whichcanboostyourself-confidenceandreducestressandanxiety.____37____Whenyouarefeelingnegativeaboutyourself,askyourselfwhatadviceyouwouldgiveafriend whowasdownonhimselforherself.Nowtrytoapplythatadvicetoyourself.Keepingmovingisalsoagoodway.Whenpeoplegetupandmove,theytendtobehappierthanwhentheyarestill.Wedon’tknowifmovingmakesyouhappyorifhappypeoplejustmovemore,butwedoknowthatmoreactivitygoeshand-in-handwithbetterhealthandgreaterhappiness.____38____Sunlightmakesadifference.Spendtimeoutsideorliveinaspacewithnaturallight.Itissurelythatourhappinessislinkedwiththehappinessofothers.____39____Happinessisinfectious,sostaywithpeoplewhoarehappy,supportiveandgiveyoupositivefeedback.Happinessoftencomesfromwithin.Whenyouarehappy,anythingispossible.Happypeopledon’thavethebestofeverything;theymakethebestofwhattheyhave.A.Thefirstsecretistoenjoysimplethingsinlife.B.Sometimes,youneedtotreatyourselflikeafriend.C.Studiesalsosupportthatspendingtimeinnatureisgoodforyou.D.Youcanforgetaboutyourproblems,andturntoyourfriendsforhelp.E.Happinessisnotsomethingready-made,butcomesfromyourownactions.F.Goalsettingisimportant,sinceitformstheoutlineforthelifeyouenvision.G.Peoplewhoaresurroundedbyhappypeoplearemorelikelytobecomehappy.【答案】35.E36.F37.B38.C39.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是幸福，幸福从哪里来，怎么获得幸福。【35题详解】上文“Happinessisconsideredveryimportantinlife.Itissopowerfulthatitaffectsmanythingsinyourlife—yoursleep,relationships,health,studyandwork.(幸福被认为是生活中非常重要的。它是如此强大，以至于它影响着你生活中的许多事情——睡眠、人际关系、健康、学习和工作。)”提到了幸福的重要性，影响着生活中许多东西；下文“Happinessdoesn’thappenspontaneously—itrequiresplanningtowardspursuingthingsthatmattertous.(幸福不是自然而然发生的——它需要有计划地追求对我们重要的事情。)”提到了幸福不是自然而然发生的，需要有计划地追求，此处开始介绍获得幸福的方式。由此可推知，设空处为过渡句，需要引出下文。E项“Happinessisnotsomethingready-made,butcomesfromyourownactions.(幸福不是现成的，而是来自于你自己的行动。)”恰好能引出下文。故选E项。【36题详解】上文“Happinessdoesn’thappenspontaneously—itrequiresplanningtowardspursuingthingsthatmattertous.(幸福不是自然而然发生的——它需要有计划地追求对我们重要的事情。)” 提到了幸福不是自然而然发生的，需要有计划地追求；下文“It’snecessarytosetgoalstolookforwardtoandfollowanactionableplantoachievethem,whichcanboostyourself-confidenceandreducestressandanxiety.(设定目标并遵循可行的计划来实现它们是很有必要的，这可以增强你的自信，减少压力和焦虑。)”提到了设定目标并按可行的计划来实现很有必要。由此可推知，此处与“按照计划设定目标”息息相关，F项“Goalsettingisimportant,sinceitformstheoutlineforthelifeyouenvision.(设定目标很重要，因为它勾勒出了你想象的生活的轮廓。)”与上下文对应，故选F项。37题详解】设空处位于段首，需能概括本段内容；下文“Whenyouarefeelingnegativeaboutyourself,askyourselfwhatadviceyouwouldgiveafriendwhowasdownonhimselforherself.(当你对自己感到消极时，问问自己，你会给一个对自己失望的朋友什么建议。)”提到了当对自己感到消极时，问问自己会给对自己失望的朋友什么建议。由此可推知，本段重点强调“自己”，把自己当成朋友。B项“Sometimes,youneedtotreatyourselflikeafriend.(有时候，你需要像对待朋友一样对待自己。)”与下文对应。故选B项。【38题详解】根据段首句“Keepingmovingisalsoagoodway.(保持运动也是一个好方法)”可知，本段与运动息息相关；上文“Wedon’tknowifmovingmakesyouhappyorifhappypeoplejustmovemore,butwedoknowthatmoreactivitygoeshand-in-handwithbetterhealthandgreaterhappiness.(我们不知道运动是否会让你快乐，或者快乐的人只是多运动，但我们知道更多的运动与更好的健康和更大的快乐相伴而生。)”提到了运动与健康和快乐相伴；下文“Sunlightmakesadifference.Spendtimeoutsideorliveinaspacewithnaturallight.(阳光也有影响。花时间在户外或有自然光的地方生活。)”提到了去户外或有自然光的地方生活。由此可知，此处是建议去户外运动。C项“Studiesalsosupportthatspendingtimeinnatureisgoodforyou.(研究也表明，花时间在大自然中对你有好处。)”与上下文对应。故选C项。【39题详解】上文“Itissurelythatourhappinessislinkedwiththehappinessofothers.(毫无疑问，我们的幸福是与他人的幸福联系在一起的。)”提到了我们的幸福与他人的幸福有关；下文“Happinessisinfectious,sostaywithpeoplewhoarehappy,supportiveandgiveyoupositivefeedback.(幸福是会传染的，所以和幸福的、支持你的、能给你积极反馈的人呆在一起。)”提到了幸福会传染；由此可推知，此处是在建议和幸福的人待在一起。G项“Peoplewhoaresurroundedbyhappypeoplearemorelikelytobecomehappy.(被快乐的人包围的人更有可能变得快乐。)”与上下文对应。故选G项。第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 TheGrandCanalisavastwaterwaysysteminChina,runningfromBeijinginthenorthtoZhejiangprovinceinthesouth.Itstretchesfornearly3,200kilometersandpassesthrougheightofthecountry’sprovincesandmunicipalities.ListedasaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite,thecanalisthelongestandoldestartificialriverintheworld.IthasplayedanimportantroleinensuringChina’seconomicprosperityandstability,andisinusetodayasamajormeansoftransportation.TheBeijingsectionoftheGrandCanalis82kmlong.Alongit,culturalrelicsandsitesonbothbanksareimportantsymbolsofcultureandareconsideredatoppriorityforprotectionbythelocalgovernment.Thecitygovernmenthasunveiledtwodevelopmentplans:thefirstisanimplementationplanfortheprotection,inheritanceandutilizationofthecanal’sculturalvalues;thesecondisaconstructionplanforbuildingaGrandCanal-themednationalculturalpark.Theplansetsupthreeimplementationmilestonesinthenextfiveyears.In2020,effortshavebeenmadetolayafirmfoundationfortheconstructionoftheGrandCanalNationalCulturalPark,withtheTongzhousectionofthecanalopentonavigationandamanagementmechanismoftheparkestablished.By2023,significantprogressisexpectedtobemadeincoordinatingtheprotectionandutilizationofculturalresourcesalongthecanal,withthenationalculturalparkbasicallysetup.By2025,theparkwillbecomeanewculturallandmarkinBeijing.TheGrandCanal,withitsculturalresourcesputunderprotectionandecologicalconservationalongitsbankssignificantlyimproved,willembraceimprovedculturalandtourismdevelopment.Citiesalongthecanalbythenwillwelcomefurthercoordinatedorintegrateddevelopment.TheBeijingsectionoftheGrandCanal,avaluedassetforthecapital,ismarkedoutasariverboastingrichculturalresources,ecologicalvalue,socialbenefitsandeconomicpotential.Thecapitalissettorolloutmoremeasurestobringoutthebestinthecanal.40.Accordingtothepassage,whatroleshastheGrandCanalplayed?________________41.WhatdoestheBeijinggovernmentconsideratoppriorityforprotectionalongtheGrandCanal?________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Withitsprotectedculturalresourcesandimprovedecologicalconservationalongitsbanks,theGrandCanalwillembraceimprovedculturalandindustrialdevelopment.________________43.TherearemanyUNESCOWorldHeritagesitesinChina.Whatcanwedotoprotectthem?(Inabout40words) ________________【答案】40.TheGrandCanalhasplayedanimportantroleinensuringChina’seconomicprosperityandstability.41.Culturalrelicsandsitesonbothbanksareconsideredatoppriorityforprotectionbythelocalgovernment.42.Thepart“theGrandCanalwillembraceimprovedculturalandindustrialdevelopment.”iswrong.AccordingtothecontentofthedevelopmentplanTheGrandCanal,withitsculturalresourcesputunderprotectionandecologicalconservationalongitsbankssignificantlyimproved,willembraceimprovedculturalandtourismdevelopment.43.ToprotectUNESCOWorldHeritagesites,wecannotonlyusethenewsmediatoarousepeople’sawarenessofpreservationbutalsoenforcelawstointensifytheprotection.Besides,theschoolshouldimplanttheeducationofprotectingculturalheritages.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了京杭大运河在国内外的重要地位以及北京政府对于京杭大运河北京段未来的两个发展计划。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“IthasplayedanimportantroleinensuringChina’seconomicprosperityandstability,andisinusetodayasamajormeansoftransportation.（它在确保中国经济繁荣稳定方面起到了重要的作用并在今天被用作主要的交通手段。）”可知，京杭大运河在确保中国经济繁荣稳定方面起到了重要的作用，故答案为TheGrandCanalhasplayedanimportantroleinensuringChina’seconomicprosperityandstability.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段“Alongit,culturalrelicsandsitesonbothbanksareimportantsymbolsofcultureandareconsideredatoppriorityforprotectionbythelocalgovernment.（沿河两岸的文物和遗迹是文化重要的标志并且被当地政府视为保护的重中之重。）”可知，当地政府视为保护的重中之重的部分是京杭大运河两岸的文物和遗迹，故答案为Culturalrelicsandsitesonbothbanksareconsideredatoppriorityforprotectionbythelocalgovernment.【42题详解】考查推理判断。根据第五段“TheGrandCanal,withitsculturalresourcesputunderprotectionandecologicalconservationalongitsbankssignificantlyimproved,willembraceimprovedculturalandtourismdevelopment.（随着沿河两岸的文化资源保护和生态保护有了显著的改善，京杭大运河将会拥有文化和旅游业发展的改善。）”可知，京杭大运河将会拥有文化和旅游业的改善，推断出划线部分中工业得到改善是错误的。故答案为Thepart“theGrandCanalwillembraceimprovedculturalandindustrialdevelopment.”iswrong. Accordingtothecontentofthedevelopmentplan,TheGrandCanal,withitsculturalresourcesputunderprotectionandecologicalconservationalongitsbankssignificantlyimproved,willembraceimprovedculturalandtourismdevelopment.【43题详解】开放性试题。题目要求写出对于世界文化遗产的保护措施，可以从利用媒体唤起人们的保护意识，利用法律约束和学校教育三个方面入手，故答案为ToprotectUNESCOWorldHeritagesites,wecannotonlyusethenewsmediatoarousepeople’sawarenessofpreservationbutalsoenforcelawstointensifytheprotection.Besides,theschoolshouldimplanttheeducationofprotectingculturalheritages.第二节(20分)44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你获悉首都博物馆正在招募于暑假期间做英文讲解的志愿者，向外国游客介绍中国文化。请你用英文给相关负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：1.说明写信原因；2.介绍你的相关经验和优势；3.希望能被录用。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearSirorMadam,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearSirorMadam,KnowingEnglishvolunteerguidesfortheForbiddenCityarewantedinthesummervacation,Iamwritingtoapplyforthisposition.IamaSenior3studentinHongxingMiddleSchool,andIbelieveIamqualifiedfortheposition.Theseyears,IhavebeenonseveralexchangeprogramsinAmerica,whichmakesmeconfidentwithmycommunicationskillsinEnglish.Besides,asafanofChineseancienthistory,IamsuremyknowledgewillprovehelpfulwhenintroducingtheForbiddenCitytoforeignguests.Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldoffermethe opportunity.ThankyouforyourconsiderationYourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇属于应用文，要求考生给首都博物馆写信申请成为该馆暑期英文讲解志愿者，介绍自己的优势和经验。【详解】1.词汇积累胜任的：qualified→competent此外：besides→what’smore确信的：sure→certain有用的：helpful→useful提供：offer→provide机会：opportunity→chance2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：KnowingEnglishvolunteerguidesfortheForbiddenCityarewantedinthesummervacation,Iamwritingtoapplyforthisposition.拓展句：AsIknowEnglishvolunteerguidesfortheForbiddenCityarewantedinthesummervacation,Iamwritingtoapplyforthisposition.【点睛】【高分句型1】Theseyears,IhavebeenonseveralexchangeprogramsinAmerica,whichmakesmeconfidentwithmycommunicationskillsinEnglish.（运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）【高分句型2】Besides,asafanofChineseancienthistory,IamsuremyknowledgewillprovehelpfulwhenintroducingtheForbiddenCitytoforeignguests.（when引导的时间状语从句的省略）【高分句型3】Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldoffermetheopportunity.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）