北京市房山区房山中学2022届高三英语 寒假作业 定语从句
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北京市房山区房山中学2022届高三英语寒假作业:定语从句知识目标:定语从句知识梳理:定语从句的种类:___________________________,__________________________________关系代词:关系副词:只能用that的情况:不能用that的情况:As和which引导的非限定性定语从句的区别:Where的特殊用法:Whose的用法:学习定语从句应注意的几个问题:定语从句又称为关系从句,是最常见的从句之一。每年高考题对之均有考查,下面谈一谈定语从句在教学中几个值得注意的问题,供大家参考。一、定语从句中关系代词与先行词的一致性1.定语从句中关系代词一般应与它所指代的先行词的单复数保持主谓一致2.如果"oneof+复数名词"后跟有定语从句,一般情况下"oneof"后的复数名词为先行词,但当one前有theonly,thevery,justthe修饰时,先行词则为one二、定语从句与同位语从句定语从句相当于形容词,它对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用,而同位语从句则相当于名词,它对其前面的词给予说明或作进一步解释,即说明该词所表示的具体内容。知识巩固练习1.Isthisthemuseum_____youvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone2.Isthismuseum_____someGermanfriendsvisitedlastWednesday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone3.—Howdoyoulikethebook?—It’squitedifferentfrom_____Ireadlastmonth.A.thatB.whichC.theoneD.theonewhat4.Coulditbeintheroom_____wehadatalklastnight_____youleftyourkey?A.that;whereB.where;whenC.where;thatD.inwhich;where5.Frank’sdreamwastohavehisownshop_____toproducetheworkingsofhisownhands.A.thatB.inwhichC.bywhichD.how7\n6.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint_____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which7.—Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?—Yes,there’sonepoint_____wemustinsistonA.whyB.whereC.howD./8.It’sthethirdtime_____latethismonth.A.thatyouarrivedB.whenyouarrivedC.thatyou’vearrivedD.whenyou’vearrived9.Heoftenhelpsthestudents_____hethinksarenotquickattheirstudies.A.whomB.whoC.whenD.because10.TheSecondWorldWar_____millionsofpeoplewerekilledendedin1945.A.whenB.duringthatC.inwhichD.which11.Hewasbornintheyear_____theAnti-JapaneseWarbrokeout.A.whichB.whenC.onwhichD.duringwhich12.Mr.Crossettwillneverforgettheday_____hespentwithhisvariousstudents.A.whenB.whichC.duringwhichD.onwhich13.Haveyouaskedherforthereason_____mayexplainherabsence?A.whyB.thatC.becausethatD.what14.WearegoingtospendtheSpringfestivalinGuangzhou,_____livemygrandparentsandsomerelatives.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.where15.Thehotel_____duringourholidaysstandsbytheseaside.A.westayedatB.wherewestayedatC.westayedD.inthatwestayed能力提高练习一、完形填空阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。OneafternoonItouredanartmuseumwhilewaitingformyhusbandtofinishabusinessmeeting.Iwaslookingforwardtoaquiet36ofthesplendidartwork.Ayoung_37_viewingthepaintingsaheadofme_38__nonstopbetweenthemselves.Iwatchedthemamomentanddecidedtheladywasdoingallthetalking.Iadmiredtheman's39forputtingupwithher40streamofwords.41bytheirnoise,Imovedon.ImetthemseveraltimesasImoved42thevariousroomsofart.EachtimeIheardhercontinuousflowofwords,Imovedaway43.Iwasstandingatthecounterofthemuseumgiftshopmakinga44whenthecoupleapproachedthe45.Beforetheyleft,theman46intohispocketandpulledoutawhiteobject.He47itintoalongstickandthen48hiswayintothecoatroomtogethiswife'sjacket.7\n"He'sa49man,"theclerkatthecountersaid."Mostofuswouldgiveupifwewereblindedatsuchayoungage.Duringhisrecovery,hemadeapromisehislifewouldn'tchange.So,asbefore,heandhiswifecomein50thereisanewartshow.""Butwhatdoeshegetoutoftheart?"Iasked."Hecan'tsee.""Can'tsee!You're51.Heseesalot.MorethanyouandIdo,"theclerksaid."Hiswife52eachpaintingsohecanseeitinhishead."Ilearnedsomethingaboutpatience,53andlovethatday.Isawthepatienceofayoungwifedescribingpaintingstoapersonwithout54andthecourageofa''husbandwhowouldnot55blindnesstochangehislife.AndIsawthelovesharedbytwopeopleasIwatchedthiscouplewalkaway,theirarmsintertwined.36.A.viewB.touchC.wanderD.stare37.A.ladyB.coupleC.manD.clerk38.A.yelledB.arguedC.screamedD.chatted39.A.attemptB.independenceC.patienceD.wisdom40.A.constantB.vividC.casualD.vague41.A.AdoptedB.AdaptedC.DisturbedD.Conducted42.A.fromB.toC.towardsD.through43.A.anxiouslyB.quicklyC.urgentlyD.sensibly44.A.commentB.purchaseC.decisionD.profit45.A.exitB.entranceC.frontD.queue46.A.pluggedB.reachedC.heldD.bent47.A.lengthenedB.madeC.broughtD.broadened48.A.ledB.foundC.tappedD.forced49.A.generousB.roughC.smartD.brave50.A.whereverB.whateverC.wheneverD.whichever51.A.uniqueB.sillyC.equalD.wrong52.A.decoratesB.drawsC.shovesD.describes53.A.kindnessB.prideC.courageD.enthusiasm54.A.sightB.supportC.expectationD.confidence55.A.getB.allowC.hopeD.cause二、阅读理解AShoppingintheUnitedStateschangesalot.Aboutninetyyearsagomostpeopleshoppedinsmallstoresthatwereownedbyonepersonorafamily.Womenwentfromthebakerytothebutcher'stothegrocerandontothefruitandvegetablesellerinordertogettheirfoodfortheweek.Thenaboutsixtyyearsago,supermarketswereborn.Inasupermarket,peoplecouldgetallthedifferentkindsoffoodtheyneededwithoutgoingtodifferentstores.ThenextbigchangeinshoppingintheUnitedStateswastheshoppingmall.Ashoppingmallisagroupofstoresunderoneroof.Becausemallsallowedpeopletoshopwithoutworryingabouttheweather,theysoonbecameverypopular.Themallbecameaplaceforpeopletosocializeinadditiontoshopping.Ifyouwalkthroughamall,youwillseeolderpeoplesitting,chatting7\nanddrinkingcoffee.Mallsareplacesforteenagerstohangout.Manyteenswilloftenjust"gotothemall"andspendtimewiththeirfriends.TherecentchangeinAmericanshoppingwasthesuperstore.LargechainstoressuchasWal-Mart,OfficeDepotandToys"R"UshavebeenbuiltallacrosstheUnitedStates.Becausetheyaresolarge,theycanbuygoodsatagreatdiscountandsellthemmuchcheaperthansmallerstores.Sometimes,whentheyarebuiltnearsmalltowns,manyofthesmalltownstoreshavetoclose.Theyjustcannotcompetewiththeirgiantneighbors.Andnow,onlineshoppingisbecomingmoreandmorepopularallovertheStates.Peoplearetoobusytogotothephysicalstores,sotheygoshoppingovertheInternet.Onlineshoppinghaslotsofadvantages.Forinstance,onlinestoresareusuallyavailable24hoursaday.Searchingorbrowsingonlineshopscanbefasterthanbrowsingthephysicalstores.While,onlineshoppingalsohasitsdisadvantages.Peopleareathigherriskofbeingcheatedonthepartofthemerchantthaninaphysicalstore.Andprivacyofpersonalinformationmaybeletout.56.WhichofthefollowingshowstherightorderofshoppingdevelopmentintheUnitedStates?①smallstores②superstores③shoppingmalls④shoppingonline⑤supermarketsA.①②③④⑤B.①⑤②③④C.①⑤③②④D.②③④①⑤57.Whichistheplaceforpeopletospendtimewithothersaccordingtothepassage?A.Shoppingmalls.B.Smallstores.C.Supermarkets.D.Superstores.58.Whycanthesuperstoressellproductsatmuchlowerprices?A.Becausetheyarebuiltnearsmalltowns.B.BecausetheyareacrosstheUnitedStates.C.Becausetheysellallkindsofproductspeopleneed.D.Becausetheycanbuygoodsatareductionintheprice.59.What'sthedisadvantageofonlineshoppingaccordingtothepassage?A.Wastingtime.B.Leakingpersonalinformation.C.Fixedprices.D.NochancetodophysicalactivitiesBVolunteers,asanessentialpartofasuccessfulworldexposition,areamajorchannelforthepublictoparticipatein,serveandsharetheworldexpositionandameanstoshowcasetheimageofthehostcountryandcity.ThefollowinginformationisaboutthevolunteerfortheWorldExposition2022ShanghaiChina.I.BasicRequirementsforVolunteers●BewillingtoparticipateinvoluntaryservicesofExpo2022;●Agelimit:ExpoSitevolunteersmustbebornbeforeApril30,1992andExpoCityVoluntaryServiceStationvolunteersbeforeApril30,1994;●ObeythelawsandregulationsofthePRC;7\n●BeabletoparticipateintrainingandrelevantactivitiesbeforetheopeningofExpo2022;●Possessnecessaryknowledgeandskillsneededbytheposition;●Beingoodhealthtomeettherequirementsofcorrespondingvoluntarypositions.II.FurtherInformationforVolunteers●SourceResidentsofChinesemainland,HongKong,MacauandTaiwan,aswellasoverseasChinese,andforeignerscanallapplytobethevolunteers.●SignupmethodsApplicantsmayloginontotheofficialwebsitesforonlinesignup.TheymayalsoconsultorconnectwiththeExpoVolunteerStations.●TimeMay1-December31,2022Ⅲ.VolunteerTrainingVolunteertrainingincludesgeneraltraining,specialtrainingandpositiontraining.Generaltrainingiscarriedoutthroughinternet,whilespecialtrainingandpositiontrainingareprovidedthroughclassroomlecturesandfieldpractice.IV.VolunteerTypes●ExpoSitevolunteersrefertothoseofferingvoluntaryservicestovisitorsandtheOrganizerintheExpoSite,mainlyincludinginformation,visitorflowmanagement,reception,translationandinterpretation,assistanceforthedisabled,andassistanceinmediaservice,eventandconferenceorganizationand.volunteermanagement.●InformationboothvolunteersarestationedintheExpo'sinformationboothsatkeytransportationcenters,commercialoutlets,touristattractions,restaurants,hotelsandculturaleventplacesoutsidetheExpoSite.Theyofferservicesincludinginformation,translation,interpretationandevenfirstaid.60.IfyouwereborninApril1993,wherecanyoubeavolunteer?A.IntheExpoCity.B.Inthehostcountry.C.IntheExpoSite.D.InChinesemainland61.WhichofthetrainingwillbedoneontheInternet?A.Positiontraining.B.Generaltraining.C.Classroomtraining.D.Specialtraining.62.Whichofthefollowingserviceisofferedbyinformationboothvolunteers?A.Visitorflowmanagement.B.HelpingthedisabledC.Assistanceinmediaservice.D.EmergencyFirstaid.CWithalarmingregularity,wereadaboutoiltankershavingaccidentsnearlandandtheterribleconsequencesoftheoilspills(泄露)onpeople,nature,andtheenvironment.Millionsofdollarshavebeenusedindevelopingspecialchemicalstohelpdismissthespillsandtocleanuptheanimals,beaches,andlandspoiledbytheoil.Unfortunately,whenmanyofthesechemicalsareused,moredamageiscausedtotheenvironment,especiallytolivesinthesea.Ofalloftoday'senvironmentaldisasters,anoilspillmayactuallybeoneoftheleastserious.Althoughoilispoisonous,itisanaturalmaterial.Inthe7\nend,itbreaksdownnaturally.Thereare,ofcourse,long-termeffects,butitisusuallymoreseriousintheshortterm.Naturebyitselfworksbetterthanchemicalmaterials,butwhenthereisaspillwedemandthatgovernmentsactimmediatelywithasmuchhi-techknowledgeaspossible.In1967thetankerTorreyCanyonsankofftheScillyIslesnearthecoastofEnglandandspilled120,000tonesofoilintotheocean.Ifyougotheretoday,youwillfindithardtoseeanysignthatiteverhappened.Governmentsseemtoaccepttheriskoftransportingmillionsoftonsofoilbyshipeverydaysothatwecanfillupourcarsanddrivearoundandcauseevenmoreenvironmentaldamage.Interestingly,thebiggestcompaniesintheworldproducecars,andthenextbiggestsupplythegasolinetomakethemrunIWeshouldbethinkingmoreaboutreducingourdependencyonoil.Governmentsshouldbeencouragingresearchintonewtechnologies,suchascarsrunbysolarpower(太阳能),electricity,hydrogen,andsoon.Muchofthisresearchhas,inthepast,beenheldbackbytheoil,gas,andcoal.Iftheworld'smillionsofcarswere10%moreefficient(高效的)—andtheindustrycouldeasilyproducecarsatleasttwiceasefficient?wewouldneedmanyfewertankerscrossingtheoceanseachyear.Ifthishappened,therisksofoilspillswouldbereduced,andtheairwebreathewouldbecleanerandfresher,too.63.Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?A.Oilspillspollution.B.Whatoilpollutionis.C.Oiltankeraccidents.D.Howtoreduceoilpollution.64.Howdoestheauthorsupporttheideathatoilspillsarenotasseriousaspeoplebelieve?A.Bygivingadescription.B.Bymakinganargument.C.Bygivinganexample.D.Bydrawingadiagram.65.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"risk"inParagraph5referto?A.Transportationdependingmoreonoil.B.Poisonousoilbreakingdownnaturally.C.Millionsoftonsofoilspillingintothesea.D.Moreenvironmentaldamagebeingcaused.66.Whichsuggestion,ismadeforreducingoiltankaccidentsaccordingtothepassage?A.Weshouldbuildsafertankersinthenearfuture.B.Weshoulddevelopnewtechnologiestocutoiluse.C.Tankersshouldnotbeallowedtosailnearthecoastlines.D.Countriesshouldbuildmoreoilpipelinesunderthesea.情景作文(20分)假设你是红星中学高三(1)班的班长李华,你们全班同学在“五一节”放假期间开展了“体验一天低碳生活”的活动。请你根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,写一篇英文短文,介绍同学们这一天的体验活动,向学校“英语园地”投稿。短文的开头已为你写好。词数不少于60。提示词:disposablechopsticks一次性筷子7\n__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7
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