天津市东丽区2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期末质量监测试题(Word版带答案)
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东丽区2021-2022学年度第二学期高二英语期末质量监测试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,共120分,考试时间100分钟,第Ⅰ卷1页至8页,第Ⅱ卷9页至10页。第I卷(共75分)第一部分:听力(共两节,满分20分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。请听下面5段对话,选出最佳选项。1.【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】Whichcityhasthewomanbeento?A.Paris.B.London.C.Amsterdam.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Ah,Lucy,you’reback.Howwasyourweekendadventure?W:Fantastic,althoughtwodaysisn’treallylongenoughforParis.Itneedsatleastaweek.M:Iagree.IfeltthesamewaywhenIvisitedLondonandAmsterdamoveralongweekend.2.【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】Howmuchdotwoshirtscosttoday?A.$15.B.$20.C.$30.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Doyoustillhavethesaleonshirts?Twofor$20?M:No.Thatendedlastweek.Shirtsarebacktotheregularpriceof$15each.3.【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthepersonyesterday?A.Heissmart.B.Heiscareless.C.Heisbrave.\n【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Carefulwiththat,please.It’saveryexpensivepieceofscientificequipment.W:Iknow.I’mnottheonewhowascarelessyesterdayandbrokeaglasstopieces.4.【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Helpthemanwithhisschoolproject.BContinuetodoherhomework.C.Dosomecleaning.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Momaskedmetocleanthefloorbeforesheleftforworkthismorning,butIneedtofinishmyschoolproject.Canyoudoit,Martha?W:Iguessso.Ijustfinishedmyhomework.Butyouhavetodoitnexttime.5.【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Printers.B.Reports.C.Onlineshopping.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Iwantedtoprintoutmyreportbuttheprinterranoutofink.I’veonlyjustfilleditbeforeusing.M:Someprintersarelikethat.Youcanorderanewoneonline.W:Actually,theoneIhaveathomeisn’tbad.第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】\n6.Whydoesthemanrefusetoplaybadmintonatfirst?A.Hegothurt.B.HeisbusyonSunday.C.Heisnotgoodatit.7.Whatdoweknowaboutthebadmintonplayers?A.Theywillplayforthefirsttimethisweekend.B.Theyareallprofessionals.C.Theyarearelaxedgroup.8.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?A.Jointhegame.B.Getintobettershape.C.Playadifferentsport.【答案】6.C7.C8.A【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Paul.IwaswonderingifyouwouldliketoplaybadmintonwithusonSundayafternoon.WeneedanotherpersonformixeddoublesandIthoughtyoumightenjoyit.M:Ohthanks,Grace.Itsoundsfun,butI’mreallyoutofshape.Besides,I’mnotgoodatitandIhaven’tplayedforyears.W:That’sallright.Wejustplaytomeetupwitheachother,haveachat,havesomefun,andgetalittleexercise.M:Really,I’llprobablyfeelawkwardinfrontofyourfriends.W:Don’tworryaboutit.We’renotprofessionals.We’dlovetohaveyouwithus,anditwouldbegreatifyou’dcomealongonSunday.Oneofthemenwhousuallyplayswithuswasinjuredduringthelastgame.M:Oh.Inthatcase,thenI’llseeyouonSunday.NowI’llhavetodigoutmyoldbadmintonequipment.听下面一段较长对话,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】9.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coachandathlete.\nB.Fatheranddaughter.C.Doctorandpatient.10.Whatdidthemansuggestthewomando?A.Gotothehospital.B.Takesomedaysoff.C.Changetoanothersport.11.Whatistheworldrecordforrunning400m?A.47seconds.B.47.6seconds.C.48seconds.【答案】9.A10.B11.B【解析】【原文】W:Sorry,thatwasapooreffort.M:You’llneedtorunfasterthanthat,ifyouwanttomakethe400mOlympicteam.W:Iknow.I’mtrying.M:Somethingonyourmind?W:Yeah,mydadisnotfeelingverywell.M:Whatdidthedoctorsay?W:Hewaspositive,butIdoubthe’llbeplayingfootballanytimesoonthough.M:Well,yourdadisstrong.He’llbefine.W:Thanks.M:Look,ifyourmindisn’tinthegame,whydon’tyoutakeacoupleofdaysofftraining?W:No,Ineedtokeepgoing.Iwanttomakemyfamilyproud.Iwanttogetthatgoldmedal.M:That’sthespirit.Okay,let’sseeifwecangetunder48seconds.W:Theworldrecordis47.6seconds.Let’saimfor47.M:Thisisthewinningattitudeyouneed.听下面一段独白,回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频,请去附件查看】12.Whatwasthespeaker’sprobleminattendingauniversity?A.Hisparentsdidn’tsupporthim.B.Hewasn’tqualified.C.Hehadnomoney.13.Whatisthespeaker’slife-changingmoment?\nA.Whenhegotajob.B.Whenhereceivedascholarship.C.Whenhegraduatedfromuniversity.14.Whatisthespeaker’sjob?A.Amanagingdirector.B.Auniversitypresident.C.Aprofessor.15.Whatadvicedoesthespeakeroffer?A.Tomakeadifference.B.Tobedetermined.C.Togetajob.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【解析】【原文】M:It’sagreatpleasureformetobeabletostandbeforeyoutoday.ItissomethingthatI’veneverimagined20yearsago,eveninmywildestdreams.Icamefromapoorfamily,andwhenIfinishedhighschool,Ididn’tthinkI’dbeabletogotouniversity.Althoughmyparentssupportedme,theycouldn’taffordtheeducation.ButIkeptapplyingandfinally,Ifoundone—BentleyUniversity—thatwaspreparedtooffermeascholarship.Inowrealizethatwasthemomentmylifechanged.Withoutattendingthisuniversityandgettingmydegree,thereisnowayIwouldhavebeenabletogetajobataninternationalcompany,letalonebestandinghereasthemanagingdirectorofthecompany.Nowit’smygreathonortobebackatBentley,lookingatthefacesofsomanyeagermenandwomenwhoareanxioustogetoutthereandmakeadifference.Mymessagetoyouis:nevergiveup.Followyourwishesandworktoachieveyourgreatestdreams.Believeme,dreamscancometrue.I’msureofthat.第二部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分25分)第一节单项选择(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。16.—AreyougoingtoattendthelectureonChineseart?—________It’stoogoodanopportunitytomiss.A.Youdeserveit!B.Youbet.C.Whyme?D.Why\nbother?【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意:——你要去听关于中国艺术的讲座吗?——一点没错。这个机会太好了,不能错过。A.Youdeserveit你活该;B.Youbet一点没错;C.Whyme为什么是我;D.Whybother没有必要。由“It’stoogoodanopportunitytomiss”可知,第二个说话人要去听这个讲座,空格处意为“一点没错”,故选B。17.Tommyisgifted.Bythetimehegraduated,he________jobsbyseveralcomputercompanies.A.hadbeenofferedB.hasbeenofferedC.hadofferedD.hasoffered【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:Tommy很有天赋。他毕业的时候,已经有好几家计算机公司给他提供工作。由“Bythetimehegraduated”可知,“提供工作”发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成时,且主语he和动词offer(提供)二者之间是被动关系,应用过去完成时的被动,故选A。18.Thequalityofeducationinthissmallschoolisbetterthan______insomelargerschools.A.thatB.oneC.itD.this【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意:这所小学校的教育质量要好于一些大学校。句中代词代指不可数名词thequalityofeducation,故用代词that。代词it和one都代指可数名词单数。故选A。代词it,one和that都可指代前面提到的名词。一般说来,it指代同名同物;one与that则指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a/an+名词,只可代指可数名词;that为特指,相当于the+名词,可以代指不可数名词。one既可代替事物,也可代替人,that只能代替事物而不能代替人。掌握好这些知识就不难选出答案。19.Thenumberoffirmssellingcomputersinthisregion________sinceJanuary2012.A.aredroppingB.isdroppingC.havedroppedD.has\ndropped【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意:自2012年1月以来,该地区销售电脑的公司数量已经下降。A.aredropping现在进行时,复数形式;B.isdropping现在进行时,单数形式;C.havedropped现在完成时,复数形式;D.hasdropped现在完成时,单数形式。根据句中时间状语sinceJanuary2012可知,谓语动词应使用现在完成时态,又因短语Thenumberof+n.作主语时视为单数,谓语动词也应用单数形式。综上,谓语动词应使用现在完成时态,单数形式。故选D项。20.Iwaswatchingtheclockallthroughthemeeting,asIhadatrain________.A.catchingB.caughtC.tocatchD.tobecaught【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在整个会议期间我一直在看钟表,因为我要去赶火车。have在本句中意为“有”,根据固定结构Sbhavesthtodo某人有某事要做,在本句中todo由主语完成,故选C。【点睛】本句考查的是have的复合结构:have+宾语+非谓语,既是重点又是难点。对于have的复合结构,非谓语用什么形式,首先确定have的词义,是“有”还是“让”,have(有)+sthtodosth(由主语完成);have(让)+宾语+do/doing/done(用哪种形式需要具体分析),所以要正确理解句意和本结构的具体用法,灵活掌握才能把题作对。21.Wewillputoffthehikinguntilnextweek,________theweathermaybebetter.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们将把徒步旅行推迟到下周,届时天气可能会好一些。该空引导非限制性定语从句,先行词nextweek,定语从句中做时间状语,应用关系副词when。故选B。22.________IwanttosharewithyouistherespectIhaveformyteachers.\nA.ThatB.WhichC.WhetherD.What【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:我想和你们分享的是我对老师的尊重。引导主语从句,从句中缺少宾语,指事情应用what引导。故选D。23.youstarteatinginahealthierway,weightcontrolwillbecomemucheasier.A.UnlessB.AlthoughC.BeforeD.Once【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意:一旦你开始更健康的饮食,控制体重就会变得容易得多。A.unless除非;B.although尽管;C.before在……之前;D.once一旦。unless相当于ifnot,引导条件状语从句;although引导让步状语从句,不能和but连用;before引导时间状语从句;once引导具有条件意味的时间状语从句。故选D。24.________volcanoesformanyyears,Iamstillamazedattheirbeauty.A.TostudyB.StudyingC.HavingstudiedD.Studied【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我已经研究火山很多年了,但是我仍然对它们的美感感到惊讶。空处是非谓语动词做状语,动词study(研究)和逻辑主语I二者之间是主动关系,且“我研究火山很多年”发生在“我对它们的美感感到惊讶”之前,应用现在分词的完成式havingdone,故选C。25.Ican’tfindmypurse.I________itinthesupermarketyesterday,butI’mnotsure.A.shouldleaveB.couldhaveleftC.mightleaveD.musthaveleft【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我不能找到我的钱包了,昨天我有可能把它落到超市了,但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知,是对过去事情的推测,故用情态动词+have\ndone,再根据后句butI’mnotsure.可知,此推测为不能肯定的推测,故用情态动词could,表示“可能”。故选B。第二节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)Wearesousedtothebeautyoftrees,plantsandflowersthatwemayeventakeitforgrantedwithoutrealizinghowmuchinspirationithasgivenus.Forinstance,anopenflowermightmakeusthinkhow___26___itresemblesanumbrella.It’snaturaltothinkinthisway,butactuallyitistheflowerthatinspirestheumbrella.Naturehasinspiredmanyofthemostfascinatingdesignsaroundus,thoseinarchitectureincluded.Today,architectscontinueto___27___waystocapturethebeautyofnaturalforms,tomimicthewaynature___28___oreventomakenaturalorganismspartofabuilding.Peoplewhoseinterestisexploringthe___29___betweenartandsciencewillenjoySingapore’sArtScienceMuseum.Itis___30___toresemblealotusflowerwhosefloorcollectsrainwaterandthenrecyclesitthroughtheplumbingsystem.Visitorsareoften___31___tofindthemselvesinanurbanbuildingthatso___32___capturesthebeautyofnaturalform.WatchinganaturedocumentaryinwhichtermiteswereconstructingtheirnestsinspiredZimbabweanarchitectMickPearcetocreatetheEastgateCentre.Thedesign___33___theneedfortraditionalairconditioningandheatingsystems,sothebuildinguseslessenergyandcosts___34___torun.Theworld’sfirstalgae-poweredbuildingisinHamburg,Germany.The____35____oftheapartmentbuildingiscoveredinpanelscontainingalgae,whichcapture____36____fromthesunandchangeitintoenergythatpowersthebuilding.Therefore,thebuildingnotonly____37____itsenvironmentanduseslessenergy,butalsoreduces____38____totheenvironment.Creatingbuildingssuchastheseenablesustolive____39____ourenvironment.Tomeettheneedsoftodaywhileprotectingtheworldoftomorrowmaybeachallenge,buteventhe____40____organismscanhelpteachushowtoachievethis.26.A.nearlyB.hardlyC.closelyD.narrowly27.A.discoverB.exploreC.tendD.support28.A.polishesB.sharesC.respectsD.works29.A.relationshipB.discussionC.balanceD.friendship30.A.paintedB.shapedC.sculpturedD.translated\n31.A.pleasedB.disappointedC.amazedD.annoyed32.A.trulyB.fiercelyC.suddenlyD.slightly33.A.increasesB.formsC.reducesD.creates34.A.fewerB.lessC.moreD.much35.A.surfaceB.foundationC.bottomD.background36.A.lightB.steamC.radioD.heat37.A.keepsoffB.stickstoC.comesupwithD.respondsto38.A.attackB.damageC.qualityD.amount39.A.inneedofB.beyondcontrolofC.onbasisofD.inharmonywith40.A.simplestB.mildestC.worstD.latest【答案】26.C27.B28.D29.C30.B31.C32.A33.C34.B35.A36.D37.D38.B39.D40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要举例子说明受大自然的激发,人类周围出现了许多最迷人的建筑设计。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:例如,一朵开放的花可能会让我们觉得它有多像一把伞。A.nearly几乎;B.hardly几乎不;C.closely紧密地;相似地;D.narrowly勉强地。由上文“Wearesousedtothebeautyoftrees,plantsandflowersthatwemayeventakeitforgrantedwithoutrealizinghowmuchinspirationithasgivenus.”和上下文“anopenflowermightmakeusthinkhow____1____itresemblesanumbrella.”可知,我们如此习惯于树木、植物和花朵的美丽,以至于我们甚至可能认为这是理所当然的,而没有意识到它给了我们多少灵感,所以我们看到开放的花朵时,会觉得它很像一把伞,此处用副词“closely(相似地)”强调我们认为花和伞很相似,故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:今天,建筑师继续探索捕捉自然形态之美的方法,模仿自然的运作方式,甚至使自然有机体成为建筑的一部分。A.discover发现;B.explore探索;C.tend倾向于;照顾;D.support支持。由下文“waystocapturethebeautyofnaturalforms”可知,要捕\n捉自然形态之美的方法,需要建筑师去探索,下文“exploring”也是提示,故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:今天,建筑师继续探索捕捉自然形态之美的方法,模仿自然的运作方式,甚至使自然有机体成为建筑的一部分。A.polishes擦亮;B.shares分享;C.respects尊敬;D.works工作;运作。由上文“tomimicthewaynature”和下段以新加坡艺术科学博物馆为例可知,建筑师模仿自然的运作方式,故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:那些对探索艺术与科学之间的平衡感兴趣的人,将会喜欢新加坡的艺术科学博物馆。A.relationship关系;B.discussion讨论;C.balance平衡;D.friendship友谊。由下文“betweenartandscience”可知,此处指探索艺术与科学之间的平衡,故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:它的形状像一朵莲花,它的地板收集雨水,然后通过管道系统循环利用。A.painted绘画;B.shaped塑造;使成为……形状;C.sculptured雕刻;D.translated翻译。由下文“toresemblealotusflowerwhosefloorcollectsrainwaterandthenrecyclesitthroughtheplumbingsystem”可知,新加坡的艺术科学博物馆被建成莲花的样子,故选B。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:游客们常常惊奇地发现自己置身于一座城市建筑中,这座城市建筑能真正地捕捉到自然形态之美。A.pleased高兴的;B.disappointed失望的;C.amazed惊讶的;D.annoyed恼怒的。由下文“tofindthemselvesinanurbanbuildingthatso____7____capturesthebeautyofnaturalform.”可知,游客们发现自己置身于一座能真正捕捉到自然之美的城市建筑,这让他们感到很惊奇,故选C。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:游客们常常惊奇地发现自己置身于一座城市建筑中,这座城市建筑能真正地捕捉到自然形态之美。A.truly真正地;B.fiercely猛烈地;C.suddenly突然;D.slightly稍微地。由上文“Itis_____5____toresemblealotusflowerwhosefloorcollectsrainwaterandthenrecyclesitthroughtheplumbingsystem.(它的形状像一朵莲花,它的地板收集雨水,然后通过管道系统循环利用)”和下文“capturesthebeautyofnaturalform(捕捉自然形态之美)”可知,新加坡艺术科学博物馆这座城市建筑能真正捕捉到自然之美,故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求,因此建筑使\n用更少的能源,运行成本也更低。A.increases增长;B.forms形成;C.reduces减少;D.creates制作。由下文“sothebuildinguseslessenergy”可知,这种建筑使用更少的能源,这说明这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求,故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意:这种设计减少了对传统空气调节和供暖系统的需求,因此建筑使用更少的能源,运行成本也更低。A.fewer更少的(修饰可数名词);B.less更少的(修饰不可数名词);C.more更多的(修饰可数名词);D.much更多的(修饰不可数名词)。由上文“sothebuildinguseslessenergy”可知,这种建筑使用更少的能源,进而运行成本也更低,costs不可数名词,用less,故选B。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:公寓建筑的表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板,这种面板捕获太阳的热量,并将其转化为能量,为建筑提供动力。A.surface表面;B.foundation基础;C.bottom底部;D.background背景。由下文“oftheapartmentbuildingiscoveredinpanelscontainingalgae”可知,是公寓建筑的表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板,故选A。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:公寓建筑的表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板,这种面板捕获太阳的热量,并将其转化为能量,为建筑提供动力。A.light光线;B.steam蒸汽;C.radio收音机;D.heat热量。由下文“fromthesunandchangeitintoenergythatpowersthebuilding”可知,含有藻类的面板能吸收太阳的热量,将其转化为能量,为建筑提供动力,故选D。【37题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:因此,这个建筑物不仅对环境作出反应,使用较少的能源,而且能减少对环境的破坏。A.keepsoff让开;B.sticksto坚持;C.comesupwith想出;D.respondsto响应;对……做出反应。由上文“The___10_____oftheapartmentbuildingiscoveredinpanelscontainingalgae,whichcapture_____11___fromthesunandchangeitintoenergythatpowersthebuilding.”可知,建筑表面覆盖着含有藻类的面板,能捕获太阳的热量,这是指建筑对环境做出反应,故选D。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:因此,这个建筑物不仅对环境作出反应,使用较少的能源,而且能减少对环境的破坏。A.attack攻击;B.damage损坏;C.quality质量;D.amount数量。由上文“whichcapture_____13___fromthesunandchangeitintoenergythatpowersthebuilding”和\n“useslessenergy”可知,含有藻类的建筑物不仅使用较少的能源,还能减少对环境的破坏,故选B。【39题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意:建造这样的建筑使我们能够与我们的环境和谐相处。A.inneedof需要……;B.beyondcontrolof无法控制…….;C.onbasisof以……为基础;D.inharmonywith与……和谐相处。由上文“Therefore,thebuildingnotonly____12___itsenvironmentanduseslessenergy,butalsoreduces______13____totheenvironment.”可知,这种表面覆盖着含有藻类面板的建筑,不仅使用较少的能源,而且能减少对环境的破坏,所以说这种建筑使我们能够与我们的环境和谐相处,故选D。【40题详解】考查形容词最高级词义辨析。句意:在保护未来世界的同时满足今天的需求可能是一个挑战,但即使是最简单的生物体也可以帮助我们实现这一目标。A.simplest最简单的;B.mildest最温和的;C.worst最坏的;D.latest最新的。由上文“Tomeettheneedsoftodaywhileprotectingtheworldoftomorrowmaybeachallenge”和buteven可知,此处指“最简单的生物体”,它强调了自然给人类带来的灵感,即使是最简单的生物体也能激发人类,帮助人类实现保护未来世界的同时满足如今需求的目标,故选A。第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。AOftencalled“theuniversallanguage”,musiccanbepowerful.Concertscombinemusicwithperformance,visualartsandsometimessocialcauses.TheGuardianlisted50concertsthatchangedmodernmusichistory.Let’slookatsomeofthem.●BobDylan:NewportFolkFestivalRhodeIsland,US,July25,1965BobDylanisfamousforhispoeticguitarballads(民谣).ManyofhisfamoussongswereaboutimprovingtherightsofblackAmericansandprotestingtheVietnamWar.However,inthis1965concert,Dylanchallengedhisaudience—hetookoutanelectricguitarandmadeasharpsound.ManyfansfeltthatDylan“betrayed(背叛)”themandhisstyle.TheGuardiansaidthisiswhenfolkrockwasborn.\n●LiveAidLondon,UK,July13,1985Asitsnamesuggests,LiveAidwasforhelpingpeople.Itraised$245milliontofightfamine(饥荒)inEthiopia.It’softenseenasthefirstbenefitconcertofitskind.Theshowlasted16hoursandwasbroadcastliveinmorethan140countries.Ithadnearly1.5billionTVviewers.Morethan100rockstarsfromaroundtheworldparticipated.●Beyonce:CoachellaMusicFestivalCalifornia,US,April14,2018Thereisnowaruleofshowbusiness:ABeyonceperformancewillstealtheshow.Herpowerfulvoice,energeticdancemovesandcreativeoutfitstogethergiveherauniquestyle.AttheCoachellaMusicFestival,Beyoncehadanall-blackdancerandbackingvocalslineup.Theconcert,whichfanscall“Beychella”onTwitter,took100backup(支持性的)performersandthreemonthsofrehearsals.TheGuardiancalleditacombinationof“ancestralspirit(先祖之魂),modernentertainmentandpersonalwill”.Beyonceislike“agoddessofwar”.41.WhatwereBobDylan’ssongsintheconcertlike?A.Theyweresoftjustlikepoetsandballads.B.TheybetrayedDylanandhisfans.C.Theyweresharpfolkrock.D.Theywereaboutblackpeople’srights.42.WhywasLiveAidheld?A.Toimproverelationshipsamongdifferentcountries.B.Tofindtalentedsingers.C.Topromoterockmusic.D.TofightfamineinEthiopia.43.WhatmadeBeyonce’sperformancedifferent?A.ThespeciallydesignedstageattheCoachellaMusicFestival.B.Herall-starlineupofdancers.\nC.Hervoice,energeticdancemovesandcreativeoutfits.D.Thethemesofhersongs.44.Whichconcertinthepassagewasbroadcastliveinmanycountries?A.NewportFolkFestival.B.LiveAid.C.CoachellaMusicFestival.D.Noneofthem.45.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Greatestconcerts.B.Greatestsingers.C.MusicandSingers.D.Universallanguage.【答案】41.C42.D43.C44.B45.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文,文章介绍了三场改变现代音乐历史的演唱会。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据●BobDylan:NewportFolkFestival部分第二段中“However,inthis1965concert,Dylanchallengedhisaudience—hetookoutanelectricguitarandmadeasharpsound.(然而,在1965年的音乐会中,Dylan向他的观众发起了挑战——他拿出一把电吉他,发出了响亮的声音)”及“TheGuardiansaidthisiswhenfolkrockwasborn.(《卫报》称这是民谣摇滚诞生的时期)”可知,BobDylan在演唱会上的歌曲风格是高音民间摇滚。故选C项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据●LiveAid部分第一段中“Asitsnamesuggests,LiveAidwasforhelpingpeople.Itraised$245milliontofightfamine(饥荒)inEthiopia.(顾名思义,LiveAid是用来帮助人们的。它筹集了2.45亿美元用于对抗埃塞俄比亚的饥荒)”可知,LiveAid是为了对抗埃塞俄比亚的饥荒而举行。故选D项。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据●Beyonce:CoachellaMusicFestival部分第一段中“Herpowerfulvoice,energeticdancemovesandcreativeoutfitstogethergiveherauniquestyle.(她有力的声音,充满活力的舞蹈动作和创意的服装一起赋予了她独特的风格)”可知,Beyonce的声音、充满活力的舞蹈动作和创意的服装使她的表演与众不同。故选C项。【44题详解】\n细节理解题。根据●LiveAid部分第二段中“Theshowlasted16hoursandwasbroadcastliveinmorethan140countries.(这场表演持续了16个小时,在140多个国家进行了直播)”可知,LiveAid在很多国家直播。故选B项。【45题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文,结合第一段中“TheGuardianlisted50concertsthatchangedmodernmusichistory.Let’slookatsomeofthem.(英国《卫报》列出了改变现代音乐史的50场音乐会。让我们来看看其中的一些)”可知,文章介绍了几个改变现代音乐历史的演唱会。故选A项。BNewYorkCityishometosomeofthetallestbuildingsonEarth.Recently,anewskyscraperjoinedthem.Thistimeit’sthethinnestintheworld.Afteryearsofdevelopment,SteinwayTowerisnowcomplete.Theheightofthebuildingis435meters.Butit’sjust18meterswide.Thewidth-to-heightratiois1:24.Thatmakesthebuildinglookverythin,likeachopstickstickingupfromtheground.Forcontext(供参考),CITICTower,knownasChinaZunTowerinBeijing,standsat528meters,butis84meterswide.Youdon’tneedtoworrythatthebuildingmaybreakinhalfduringastorm.AccordingtoSHoPArchitects,thedesignerofthebuilding,itwasmadewiththeworld’sstrongestconcrete.However,thebuildingmaystillmoveinstrongwinds.Thatwouldcauseloudnoises,andpeopleinsidemayfeeldizzy(晕眩的).Manymoderntallbuildingshaveasecrettoolinsidetohelpthemstandstill.It’scalledadamper(风阻尼器),usuallyahugesteelballthatweighshundredsoftons.Forexample,theSteinwayTowerhasadamperof800tons.Itswingsbackandforthinsidethebuildingtobalancetheforceofthewind.TherearemanypeoplelivingandworkinginNewYorkCity.Landthereisveryexpensive.Skyscrapersareagreatchoiceforsavingland.Meanwhile,designerswantedtomaketheSteinwayToweralandmark.Partofthebuildingisthe96-year-oldhistoricsiteofSteinwayHall.Itwasfamousforconcertsinthe20thcentury.Thespecialdesignoftheskyscrapermayhelppeoplerememberthepastglory(辉煌)ofSteinwayHall.46.WhatdoweknowabouttheSteinwayTower?A.Itistheworld’stallestbuilding.B.ItisalittlewiderthanChinaZunTower.C.Thebuildingworkstartedthisyear.D.Nootherbuildingisasthinasit.47.Whatwouldmakepeoplefeeldizzy?\nA.Thebreakingofthebuilding.B.Theswingingofthebuilding.C.Thesoundsofstrongwind.D.Thefallingofthestrongestconcrete.48.WhathelpstheSteinwayTowerprotectitselffromwind?A.Standingnearothertallbuildings.B.Weighinghundredsoftons.C.Havingabigsteelballinside.D.Swingingslowlyinthewind.49.WhydopeoplebuildskyscrapersinNewYorkCity?A.Tosaveland.B.Toshowofftheirskills.C.Towelcomemorepeople.D.Tomakespaceforlandmarks.50.WhatcanwelearnaboutthedesignoftheSteinwayTower?A.Itisacommonwaytobuildtheaters.B.Itispartlyinmemoryofafamousoldbuilding.C.ItisthesameasthedesignofSteinwayHall.D.Thehistoricstylemadeitfamousinthe20thcentury.【答案】46.D47.B48.C49.A50.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了位于纽约的世界上最薄的建筑施坦威大厦。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“NewYorkCityishometosomeofthetallestbuildingsonEarth.Recently,anewskyscraperjoinedthem.Thistimeit’sthethinnestintheworld.”(纽约市拥有一些世界上最高的建筑。最近,一座新的摩天大楼也加入了他们的行列。这次它是世界上最薄的。)可知,没有其他建筑像施坦威大厦这么薄。故选D。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“However,thebuildingmaystillmoveinstrongwinds.Thatwouldcauseloudnoises,andpeopleinsidemayfeeldizzy(晕眩的).”(然而,该建筑仍可能在强风中移动。这会造成巨大的噪音,里面的人可能会感到头晕。)可知,建筑物的摆动会让人感到头晕。故选B。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Manymoderntallbuildingshaveasecrettoolinsidetohelpthemstandstill.It’scalledadamper(风阻尼器),usuallyahugesteelballthatweighshundredsoftons.Forexample,theSteinwayTowerhasadamperof800tons.Itswingsbackandforthinsidethe\nbuildingtobalancetheforceofthewind.”(许多现代高层建筑内部都有一个秘密工具,可以帮助它们静止不动。它被称为阻尼器,通常是一个重达数百吨的巨大钢球。例如,施坦威塔的阻尼器有800吨。它在建筑物内来回摆动以平衡风的力量。)可知,施坦威塔里面有一个大钢球帮助施坦威塔防风。故选C。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“TherearemanypeoplelivingandworkinginNewYorkCity.Landthereisveryexpensive.Skyscrapersareagreatchoiceforsavingland.”(有许多人在纽约市生活和工作。那里的土地非常昂贵。摩天大楼是节约土地的好选择。)可知,为了节省土地,人们在纽约建造摩天大楼。故选A。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Partofthebuildingisthe96-year-oldhistoricsiteofSteinwayHall.Itwasfamousforconcertsinthe20thcentury.Thespecialdesignoftheskyscrapermayhelppeoplerememberthepastglory(辉煌)ofSteinwayHall.”(建筑的一部分是拥有96年历史的施坦威音乐厅。它在20世纪以音乐会而闻名。摩天大楼的特殊设计可能会让人们记住施坦威音乐厅过去的辉煌。)可知,摩天大楼的特殊设计可能会让人们记住施坦威音乐厅过去的辉煌。故选B。CAtthebeginningofmysenioryearinhighschool,IbeganapplyingtotheUniversityofConnecticut.ButwhatIdidn’trealizewashowexpensivemydreamwas.Icamefromamiddle-classfamily,anditseemedasthoughwe’dalwaysstruggledtomakeendsmeet.Iwasn’tthesmartestpersoninmyclass,notevenclose;butmyheartwasintherightplace,andIwasdetermined.IappliedforeveryscholarshipIcould.Andthenmyguidancecounselortoldmeaboutthefinancialaidsystem.Iapplied,butIdidn’tthinkIwouldqualifyforthateither.Aftertheholidays,myfriendsstartedreceivingtheiracceptancelettersfromcolleges,andIeagerlyexpectedmine.Finally,aletterarrivedfromtheUniversityofConnecticut.FeelingsoffearandjoyoverwhelmedmewhenIopenedtheenvelopewithtremblinghands.Ihaddoneit!Icriedforawhile,feelingbothextremelyexcitedandafraid.Ihadbeenworkingafull-timejob,butthatwasn’tenoughtopayfortuition,anditwasimpossibleformyparentstopayformyeducation.Monthswentbybeforealetterfromthefinancialaidofficearrived.Iopenediteagerly,butitwasonlyaletterrequestingmoreinformationtoprocessmyapplication.Thishappenedoverandover,andmyhopeskeptgettingshotdown.Finally,anenvelopearrived,theonethatwoulddeterminewhether\nIcouldattendcollege.Notonlywasfinancialaid(助学金)goingtohelpmeoutwithmyexpenses,butalsoIwontwoofthescholarshipsIhadappliedfor!Ihadactuallymademydreamcometrue.IamnowajuniorattheUniversityofConnecticut,pursuingadegreeinEnglish.51.Whatwastheauthor’smaintroubleinrealizingherdream?A.Shelackeddetermination.B.Herfamilywasshortofmoney.C.Shedidn’tknowwhichuniversitytoapplyto.D.Herparentsdisapprovedofherattendinguniversity.52.Howdidtheauthorgetmoneyforhertuitionfees?A.Bytakinguppart-timejobs.B.Byreceivingherparents’support.C.Byturningtoherguidancecounselorforhelp.DByapplyingforscholarshipsandfinancialaid.53.Whydidthefinancialaidofficesendtheauthorthefirstletter?A.Totestherdetermination.B.Toinformheroftheirrefusal.C.Toaskforsupplementalinformation.D.Tochecktheprocessofherapplication.54.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overwhelmed”meaninparagragh3?A.Affectedstrongly.B.Defeatedcompletely.C.Coveredcompletely.D.Overcameeasily.55.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoconveybysharingherstory?A.Neversaynever.B.Morehaste,lessspeed.C.Aiminghigher,achievingmore.D.Pridehurts,modestybenefits.【答案】51.B52.D53.C54.A55.A\n【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述作者的家庭很贫困,原本无法支付学费,但作者没有轻易言败,积极争取奖学金,努力赚取学费,最终成功入学,作者通过自己的经历想要告诉读者一个道理:永不言败。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ButwhatIdidn’trealizewashowexpensivemydreamwas.(但我没有意识到我的梦想有多昂贵)”及第三段中“Ihadbeenworkingafull-timejob,butthatwasn’tenoughtopayfortuition,anditwasimpossibleformyparentstopayformyeducation.(我一直有一份全职工作,但那不足以支付学费,我的父母也不可能支付我的教育费用)”可知,作者在实现梦想的过程中遇到的主要困难是家里缺钱,故选B项。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Notonlywasfinancialaid(助学金)goingtohelpmeoutwithmyexpenses,butalsoIwontwoofthescholarshipsIhadappliedfor!Ihadactuallymademydreamcometrue.(助学金不仅帮我解决了开支问题,而且我还获得了我申请的两项奖学金!我真的实现了我的梦想)”可知,通过申请奖学金和助学金作者得到了学费,故选D项。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Iopenediteagerly,butitwasonlyaletterrequestingmoreinformationtoprocessmyapplication.(我急切地打开它,但这只是一封要求提供更多信息来处理我的申请的信)”可知,助学金办公室给作者寄了第一封信要求作者补充信息,故选C项。【54题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后“whenIopenedtheenvelopewithtremblinghands.(当我用颤抖的手打开信封时)”及“Ihaddoneit!Icriedforawhile,feelingbothextremelyexcitedandafraid.(我做到了!我哭了一会儿,感到既兴奋又害怕)”可知,此处指颤抖着手打开信封时,感到非常恐惧和喜悦,overwhelmed意为“(感情上)使受不了,压垮”,A项“受到强烈影响”正确。故选A项。【55题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知,本文讲述作者的家庭很贫困,原本无法支付学费,但作者没有轻易言败,积极争取奖学金,努力赚取学费,最终成功入学,作者通过自己的经历想要告诉读者一个道理:永不言败,故选A项。\n第Ⅱ卷(共45分)第四部分:写作(共三节,满分45分)第一节选词填空。(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)选词填空weeklywithdrewassistantbombedsavingsbotheranalyzedemployedcraftbanned56.Theretiredmandonatedmostofhis________totheschooldamagedbytheearthquake.57.Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood,Iwon’t________toseeit.58.Topperformersspendmanymorehourscompletelypracticingtheir________.59.ThispartofNormandywasbadly________duringthewar,butithasbeencompletelyrebuilt.60.Asmallsampleofbloodprovidedbychildrenwillbe________byalab.61.ThankstoAI,I’vegotmysmartpersonal________builtintomyphone.62.Herdaysare________ingardeningandvoluntarywork.63.He________frommanyschoolactivities,becausehedidn’thavethetime.64.Wegoanddothe________shoppingeveryThursday.65Environmentalistshopepaperbagswillbe________somedayandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebags.【答案】56.savings57.bother58.craft59.bombed60.analyzed61.assistant62.employed63.withdrew64.weekly65.banned【解析】【56题详解】考查名词。句意:那位退休老人把他的大部分积蓄捐给了地震中受损的学校。mostof+可数名词复数,表示“......的大部分”,根据句意可知,此处表示“积蓄;存款”,多用复数,\n故选savings。【57题详解】考查动词。句意:如果很多人说一部电影不好,我就懒得看了。bothertodo固定搭配,意为“懒得做”,由前面的won’t可知,此处应用动词原形,故选bother。【58题详解】考查名词。句意:顶尖的表演者花更多的时间完全练习他们的技艺。此处应用名词做宾语,且表示“技艺”应用名词craft,且此处为不可数名词,故选craft。【59题详解】考查动词和语态。句意:诺曼底的这一部分在战争期间遭到严重轰炸,但现在已经完全重建了。空处应用谓语动词,表示“轰炸”用动词bomb,且由was和句意可知,诺曼底的这一部分是被轰炸,应用一般过去时的被动,空处应用过去分词bombed,故选bombed。【60题详解】考查动词和语态。句意:由儿童提供的一小份血样将由实验室进行分析。此处表示“分析”应用动词analyze,且由willbe和句意可知,Asmallsampleofblood和动词analyze是被动关系,应用一般将来时的被动,所以应用过去分词形式analyzed,故选analyzed。【61题详解】考查名词。句意:多亏了人工智能,我的手机里安装了一个聪明的私人“助理”。空处应用名词作宾语,表示“助手”,应用名词assistant,且此处表示一个助手,应用单数,故选assistant。【62题详解】考查动词和语态。句意:她每天的时间被用来做园艺和志愿者工作。此处表示“利用”应用动词employ,且由are和句意可知,主语herdays和employ二者之间是被动关系,所以应用一般现在时的被动,空处应用过去分词形式employed,故选employed。【63题详解】考查动词和时态。句意:他退出了许多学校活动,因为他没有时间。空处是谓语,表示“退出”,应用动词withdraw,且由后面的didn’t可知,句子描述的是过去发生的事,用一般过去时,故选withdrew。【64题详解】考查形容词。句意:我们每周四去购物。此处应用形容词做定语,修饰名词shopping,表示“每周的”应用weekly,故选weekly。\n【65题详解】考查动词和语态。句意:环保人士希望有一天纸袋将被禁止,并希望购物者使用相同的可重复使用的袋子。此处表示“禁止”应用动词ban,且由willbe和句意可知,paperbags和动词ban二者之间是被动,所以应用一般将来时的被动,空处应用过去分词形式banned,故选banned。第二节阅读表达。(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读表达AmasterofEnglisheducationinChina,ChenLinjustcelebratedhis100thbirthdayinApril.ChenhasspenthiswholelifeonEnglisheducation.In1950,ChenstartedteachingatBeijingForeignStudiesUniversity(BFSU).Hewasknownasthe“ProfessorofThreeUps”.Healwaysputimportanceon“standingup”and“speakingup”inhisclasses.Healwaysstoodtoteachandtalkedloudly.Whenclasswasover,hewould“shutup”atonce.③Chen’sgoodteachingimpressedstudents.LiJinzhao,oneofChen’sstudentsandateacheratBFSUnow,saidChenlikesrole-playingandsingingtomaketheclassactive.Itwasdifferentfromthe“teacherspeaks,studentslisten”styleofthetime.Healsoencouragedstudentstospeakmoreandpracticemore.In1999,ChenledexpertstomakeEnglishcurriculumstandards(课程标准).Beforethat,Englishteachinggoalsfromprimaryschooltouniversitydidn’tconnectwellwitheachother.Butthestandardschangedit.Then,Englisheducationworkedlike“onepackage(一条龙)”.Healsowrotethefirstsetoftextbookstocarryoutthenewstandards.Afterleavinghisjob,Chenkeepsonworking.HereadsandwritesabouthowtoimproveEnglishteaching.Heoncesaid,“Ihavebeenateacherallmylife,andIwanttobeanEnglishteacheragaininmynextlife.”66.WhywasChencalledthe“ProfessorofThreeUps”?(Nomorethan15words)67.AccordingtoLiJinzhao,howdidChenmakehisclassesactive?(Nomorethan4words)68.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?(Nomorethan5words)69.HowdidthecurriculumstandardschangeEnglisheducationinChina?(Nomorethan8words)70.Whichofyourteachersimpressesyoumost?Andwhy?(Nomorethan20words)【答案】66.Becauseheputimportanceon“standingup”,“speakingup”and“shuttingup”inhisclasses.67.Byrole-playingandsinging.\n68.ChenLin’steachingstyle.69.ItmadeEnglisheducationinto“onepackage”.70.MyhighschoolEnglishteacherleftadeepimpressiononme.Becausehisclassislivelyandinteresting.Atthesametime,wewereencouragedtoboldlyexpressourownideas.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文,讲述的是北京外国语大学一名优秀教师的教学生涯。【66题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Healwaysputimportanceon“standingup”and“speakingup”inhisclasses.Healwaysstoodtoteachandtalkedloudly.Whenclasswasover,hewould“shutup”atonce.”(在课堂上,他总是很重视“站起来”和“发言”。他总是站着上课,大声说话。一下课,他就会立刻“闭嘴”。)可知,他看中的是“standingup”,“speakingup”and“shutup”。故答案为Becauseheputimportanceon“standingup”,“speakingup”and“shuttingup”inhisclasses.【67题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Chenlikesrole-playingandsingingtomaketheclassactive.”(陈老师喜欢角色扮演和唱歌,使课堂活跃起来。)可知,他是通过扮演和唱歌让班级氛围活跃的。故答案为Byrole-playingandsinging.【68题详解】考查主旨大意。根据第三段中“Chen’sgoodteachingimpressedstudents.”(陈老师的良好教学给学生留下了深刻的印象。)和“Chenlikesrole-playingandsingingtomaketheclassactive.Itwasdifferentfromthe“teacherspeaks,studentslisten”styleofthetime.Healsoencouragedstudentstospeakmoreandpracticemore.”(陈老师喜欢角色扮演和唱歌,使课堂活跃起来。它不同于当时“老师说,学生听”的风格。他还鼓励学生多说多练。)可知,本段强调的是ChenLin老师的教学风格。故答案为ChenLin’steachingstyle.【69题详解】考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Then,Englisheducationworkedlike“onepackage(一条龙)””(然后,英语教育就像“一条龙”。)可知,他的课程标准改变了中国的英语教育,使中国的英语教育像“一条龙”。故答案为ItmadeEnglisheducationinto“onepackage”.【70题详解】考查开放答题。根据个人经历。本人认为,高中时的英语老师让我印象最为深刻。因为他的\n课堂生动有趣,让我了解到很多知识和常识。并且鼓励我们每个人大胆地说出自己的想法。故答案为MyhighschoolEnglishteacherleftadeepimpressiononme.Becausehisclassislivelyandinteresting.Atthesametime,wewereencouragedtoboldlyexpressourownideas.第三节书面表达。(共1小题;满分25分)71.电影《花木兰》上映后引起很大反响。假如你是李华,你的笔友Peter来信向你询问中国历史上花木兰的故事。请你给他回信,要点如下:1.花木兰的生平故事;2.花木兰在中国人心中的地位与影响。注意:1.词数80-100;2.开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。参考词汇:dressup装扮;asymbolof.....的象征;DearPeter,I’mgladtoknowthatyouareinterestedinthestoryofMulan._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearPeter,I’mgladtoknowthatyouareinterestedinthestoryofMulan.I’mwritingtotellyouthestory.WhenthecountrywasatwarMulan’sfatherhadtojointhearmy.However,hewastoooldandweaktodosowhileMulan’slittlebrotherwastooyoung.Mulandecidedtotakeontheresponsibility.Shecameupwiththeideaofdressingherselfupasamanandjoinedthearmyinplaceofherfather.Mulanpreparedforthejourneycarefullysothatshecouldnotberecognized.Inthearmy,shewasbrave,smartandloyal.Finally,Mulanmadeitthroughthewarandherbraverywasrecognizedbytheemperor.Mulan’sstoryisrecordedinpoems,dramasandmovies.ThestoryofMulaninspireseverygirltoshoulderherdutyandachievewhatevershewantsto.InChina,Mulanisasymbolofindependence,\nduty,intelligenceandbravery.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。电影《花木兰》上映后引起很大反响。假如你是李华,你的笔友Peter来信向你询问中国历史上花木兰的故事。请你给他回信。【详解】1.词汇积累决定做:decidetodo→bedeterminedtodo想出:comeupwith→thinkout准备:preparefor→makepreparationsfor勇敢的:brave→courageous2.句式拓展合并简单句原句:Mulandecidedtotakeontheresponsibility.Shecameupwiththeideaofdressingherselfupasamanandjoinedthearmyinplaceofherfather.拓展句:Mulancameupwiththeideaofdressingherselfupasamanandjoinedthearmyinplaceofherfatherbecauseshedecidedtotakeontheresponsibility.【点睛】[高分句型1]Whenthecountrywasatwar,Mulan’sfatherhadtojointhearmy.(运用了When引导的时间状语从句)[高分句型2]Mulanpreparedforthejourneycarefullysothatshecouldnotberecognized.(运用了sothat引导的结果状语从句)
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