天津市东丽区2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末质量监测试题（Word版带答案）

东丽区2021-2022学年度第二学期高一英语期末质量监测本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共120分，考试时间100分钟，第Ⅰ卷1页至8页，第Ⅱ卷9页至10页。第I卷（共75分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheman’sattitudetowardthewebsites?A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.C.Uncertain.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ireadsomearticlesaboutjobhuntingonthesewebsites.Ithinktheyarequiteuseful.M:Well,thesesitesaresetuptomakemoneyfast.Theyrecommendthingstoyouthatarenotpractical.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydidthemanfeelsurprisedyesterday?A.Themeetingwasdelayed.B.Hecaughteverybody’seyes.C.Jackworeunsuitableclothes.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:MyfriendJackreallysurprisedmeyesterday.W:Isee.Hispresenceatthemeetingattractedeverybody’sattention.HewaswearingaT-shirtandjeansonthatimportantoccasion.\nM:Yeah,yousaidit!3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whoisthewoman?A.Ahostess.B.Adoctor.C.Anexpert.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:WearedelightedtohaveDr.Smith,afamousexpertinbiology,giveusaspeech.Goodmorning,Dr.Smith.M:Goodmorning.It’smyhonortobeinvitedhere.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewplan.B.Acolleague.C.Adepartment.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:WhereisJim?Themanagerspeakshighlyofhisplanforthenextproject.W:Heistalkingwiththeheadofthepurchasingdepartmentrightthere.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gotravelling.B.Pickuphisparents.C.Visithisgrandma.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Yourparentsaren’tcomingbacksoon,arethey?M:Yeah,theywentonatriptoFrance.Iwillgotomygrandma’shomealone.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。\n听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?A.Afellowtraveller.B.Atravelagent.C.Atourguide.7.HowlongwillthewomanstayinValencia?A.7nights.B.6nights.C.5nights.8.Whatisthewoman’shusbandprobablygoingtodonextThursday?A.Workinhisoffice.B.Takeapackagetour.C.ReturntoNice.【答案】6.C7.C8.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning.HowcanIhelpyou?W:MyfamilywantstogotoValenciaatEaster.M:Isee.HaveyouseenourbrochuresofValencia?W:No.Wejustdecidedyesterday.Myhusbandaskedmetobookit.M:Well,afewcompanieswantpackagetourtoValencia,butEasterisaverybusytime.I’llseewhatIcando.There’sonehereleavingonThursday,the17th.FlightfromNice.ReturnonthefollowingThursday,the24th.W:MyhusbandhastogobacktoworknextThursday.Doyouhaveanythingshorter?M:Wemighthaveone,butyou’dalsohavetoflyfromNice.Hereweare.LeaveonThursday17that6:15a.m.andreturnonTuesday22ndat5:00p.m.W:Thatsoundsgreat.I’llbookit.Oh,bytheway,howlongdoestheflighttake?M:Nomorethan5hours.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】9.Howdoesthemansound?A.Relieved.B.Worried.C.Satisfied.10.Whydidn’tthewomanfinishthetest?A.Shethoughtthelastquestionwastoohard.B.Shedidn’tknowtherewasanotherpage.\nC.Shedidn’tplanhertimewell.11.Howdidthemandoinhistest?A.Hemighthavemadelotsofmistakes.B.Hedidn’twritethecomposition.C.Hefinisheditfaraheadoftime.【答案】9.B10.C11.A【解析】【原文】M:Thepaperwaslong,wasn’tit?W:Yes,unusuallylong.Forsure,wewon’tseemanygoodmarksinEnglishthistime.M:Howdidyoudointheexam?W:Justso-so.IwishIhadmanagedthetimebetter.Ileftsomequestionsundoneintheend.Howaboutyou?M:Istartedoffwell.IwasinfactaheadoftimewhenIwasongrammarandletterwriting,butthisyear’sreadingcomprehensionpassages...W:So,didyoufailtocompletethepaperjustlikeme?M:Ididmanagetocomplete,butIguessImadequiteafewmistakes.W:Well,wecan’tdomuchnow.Let’shopeforthebestandgetreadyforthenextone.M:You’reright.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】12Howlongdoping-pongtablesopentothepubliceveryday?A.Ninehours.B.Tenhours.C.Elevenhours.13.WheredidWangChenteachwithoutpropertables?A.Inthepark.B.Intheclub.C.Inthechurch.14.Whatdoweknowaboutping-pongfromthistalk?A.Itcanhelpwithdepression.B.Itisrelativelydangerous.C.Itisonlyagameofstrengthandspeed.15.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?\nA.Thefoundingofatabletennisclub.B.ThedevelopmentoftabletennisintheUnitedStates.C.Thebenefitsofplayingtabletennis.【答案】12.A13.C14.A15.B【解析】【原文】M:OneofthespecialfeaturesatBryantParkisping-pongtablesopentothepublicfrom11:00a.m.to8:00p.m.everyday.Thesign-upsheetcangouptoseveralpages,andparticipantsoftenhavetowaitfor20to30minutes.WhenWangChen,aformerChinesenationalathletecametotheUnitedStatesin2000,thesportwasnotsopopular.AndWangChenTableTennisClub,whichopenedin2004,emphasizesprofessionaltrainingfortabletennisasasport.Itwas“extremelyhard”tofindaplacetoplayping-pong,andshehadtodrivetwohoursormorejusttofindsomewheretopractice.Whenshecouldn’tfindanywheretoplay,shewouldpracticeintheneighbor’sbasementwithamateurs,Wangsays.Duetothelackofpropertables,Wangtaughtinchurches,basementsandbars.Now,ping-pongtableshaveappearedinbars,parks,communitycentersandclubs.Peoplestarttorealizethatping-pong,asarelativelysafesport,isbeneficialtotheeyesandbrainwithouttheriskofgettinghurt.OneofWang’sstudentshasdoneastudytoprovethatping-ponghelpswithmentalissuessuchasdepressionandAlzheimer’s.Ping-pongisnotsimplyagameofstrengthorspeed.Itincludesobservationandstrategy,andcanbedescribedasamindgameaswellasasport,addsWang.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。16.—Bruce，Ireallyappreciateyourhandwriting.—________.A.IpracticeeverydayB.ThankyouverymuchC.No,Idon’tthinksoD.Well，it’snotgoodenough【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——布鲁斯，我真的很欣赏你的书法。——非常感谢。A.Ipracticeeveryday我每天练习；B.Thankyouverymuch非常感谢你;C.No,Idon'tthinkso.\n不，我不这样想；D.Well,it'snotgoodenough.嗯，这还不够好。根据句意可知选B，最符合语境。西方人一般对别人的夸奖表示感谢。故选B。17.Skillsaretoolslikeaknifeorahammer.Youneed______tocompletewhatyouwanttodo.A.itB.thatC.themD.ones【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：技能是像刀或锤子这样的工具。你需要它们来完成你想做的事情。分析句子可知，them代指前文的tools。故选C项。18.IjumpedwithjoywhenI______mydriver’slicenseinthemail.A.receiveB.receivedC.havereceivedD.wouldreceive【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我收到邮寄来的驾照时高兴得跳了起来。根据上文Ijumpedwithjoy可知应用一般过去时。故选B项。19.IwishtothankMrs.Smith,without______helpIwouldnevermakesomuchprogress.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我要感谢史密斯太太，没有她的帮助，我决不会取得这么大的进步。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Mrs.Smith，在从句中作定语，应用whose，故选B。20.______fortwodays,Stevemanagedtofinishhisreportontime.A.ToworkB.WorkedC.TobeworkingD.Havingworked【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：已经工作了两天，Steve按时地完成了他的报告。根据句中谓语managed可知，设空处应该使用非谓语动词，work与主语Steve之间是主动关系，同时又先于managedtofinish，故应该使用现在分词的完成式作状语。故选D。\n21.—Themachineisworkingagain!—Yes,itbrokedownyesterday,butit______.A.hasbeenrepairedB.isbeingrepairedC.wasrepairedD.wouldberepaired【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意：——机器又运转了！——是的，昨天机器出故障了，但已经被修好了。通过分析语境可知，此处使用现在完成时，表示截至目前已经完成的动作，且主语与谓语构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。故选A项。22.Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblem________wecansolveit.A.whileB.afterC.beforeD.as【答案】C【解析】【详解】试题分析：句意：在我们解决问题之前，我们需要找到问题的根源。A.while当……时候，而；B.after在……之后；C.before在……之前；D.as正如。根据句意可知选C。考点：考查状语从句的连接词。【名师点睛】本题考查连词辨析。解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。考生做此类题型，要分析句子结构，理解句意，考虑语境,选择恰当连词。切忌：粗心大意，惯性判断。要注意细心分析验证，理解句意，充分考虑语境。23.Weallneedtosaveenergy______it’satwork,athomeoratschool.A.unlessB.onceC.whetherD.because【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查从属连词。句意：无论是在工作中，在家里，还是在学校，我们都需要参与到节约能源的活动中来。A.unless除非；B.once一旦；C.whether是否；D.because因为。根据句意及后面的or，表示“无论是……还是……”应用whether…or…。故选C。24.Mostcollegesnowofferstudentsalesson______tohelpthemsucceed.A.designedB.designingC.todesignD.being\ndesigned【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：现在大多数大学都为学生提供帮助他们成功的课程。分析句子结构可知design在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语lesson构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故选A。25.Someone____thetapon,forthewaterwasrunningoverandfloodingthebathroom.A.couldleaveB.musthaveleftC.mightleaveD.shouldhaveleft【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+完成式。句意：一定是有人没关水龙头，因为水溢出来淹了浴室。musthavedone表示对过去是清有把握的坑定推测，意思是“一定是做某事了”，故选B。【点睛】情态动词+havedone结构：1.“must+have+过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.2.“can/could+have+过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：Hecan'thavefinishedtheworksosoon.3.“may/might+have+过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：Theymaynothaveknownitbeforehand.4.“need+have+过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.5.“should/oughtto+have+过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,oughtto的语气比should强一些.如：Yououghtto/shouldhavestudiedharder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）Heoughtn'tto/shouldn'thavedonethat.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）6.“would＋have＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因\n未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或oughtto那样含有责备之意.如：Iguessthepoetwouldhavebeenabouttwentywhenshewroteherfirstpoem.Anotherworkerwouldn'thaveactedlikethat.第二节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）Lastyear,hundredsofpeoplespentalotofmoneyinclimbingQomolangmaeventhoughtheyknewtheywouldbechallengedwithdifferentrisks.Forthesepeople,climbingQomolangmaisanexperience,makingsomefeelweakandothers___26___．GeorgeMallorybelievedthatwhatpeoplegetfromthis___27___issheerjoy.Peopleeatandmakemoneytobeableto___28___life.Sadly,thisclimberlosthislifein1924whileclimbingQomolangma.AlanArnettebelievedthattherewereathousandreasonstoturnaroundandonlyoneto___29___going.Headded,“Youreallyhavetofocusontheone___30___that’smostimportantanduniquetoyou.Itdependsonthephysicalandmental___31___topushwhenyouwanttostop.”Withthemajorityofattempts___32___eitherintotalsuccessorfailure,isthereascientificreason?Recentstudiesindicatethatrisk-takingmaybepartofhuman___33___.Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpectto___34___theresult.Therefore，it’s___35___uptoyouwhetheryouwilltaketheriskofclimbingQomolangma.26.A.powerfulB.broadC.awareD.frank27.A.chargeB.failureC.adventureD.chapter28.A.confirmB.enjoyC.hesitateD.earn29.A.avoidB.keepC.stopD.forbid30.A.riskB.giftC.accidentD.reason31.A.treatmentB.cureC.toughnessD.relief32.A.livingB.breakingC.lookingD.resulting33.A.natureB.wisdomC.mindD.disease34.A.risefromB.benefitfromC.sufferfromD.recoverfrom35.A.totallyB.vividlyC.hardlyD.effectively【答案】26.A27.C28.B29.B30.D31.C32.D33.A34.B35.A【解析】\n【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了去年，数百人在攀登珠穆朗玛峰上花了很多钱，尽管他们知道他们将面临不同的风险。对这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一种体验，让一些人感到软弱，而另一些人感到强大。最近的研究表明，冒险可能是人类本性的一部分。研究还表明，我们寻求风险的欲望与我们期望从结果中获益的程度有关。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一种体验，让一些人感到软弱，而另一些人感到强大。A.powerful强大的；B.broad宽的；C.aware意识到的；D.frank坦率的。根据上文“Forthesepeople,climbingQomolangmaisanexperience,makingsomefeelweakandothers”可知此处前后为对比，表示攀登珠穆朗玛峰让一些人感到软弱，而另一些人感到强大。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：乔治·马洛里认为，人们从这次冒险中得到的是纯粹的快乐。A.charge费用；B.failure失败；C.adventure冒险；D.chapter章节。此处指上文提到的攀登珠穆朗玛峰这种冒险。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们吃饭和赚钱是为了能够享受生活。A.confirm确定；B.enjoy享受，欣赏；C.hesitate犹豫；D.earn赚得。根据上文“Peopleeatandmakemoneytobeableto”可知，人们吃饭和赚钱是为了能够享受生活。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾伦·阿奈特相信有一千个理由回头，但只有一个理由继续前进。A.avoid避免；B.keep保持；C.stop停止；D.forbid禁止。根据上文“therewereathousandreasonstoturnaroundandonlyoneto”可知，有一千个理由回头，但只有一个理由继续前进。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你必须专注于一个对你来说最重要、最独特的原因。A.risk风险；B.gift礼物；C.accident事故；D.reason理由。结合上文“therewereathousandreasonstoturnaroundandonlyoneto”可知，此处指最重要、最独特的原因。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你想停下来的时候，这取决于你的身体和精神的韧性。A.treatment治疗；B.cure治愈；C.toughness坚韧；D.relief减轻。结合常识，攀登珠穆朗玛峰需要的是身体和精神上的韧性。故选C。\n【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大多数的尝试要么成功要么失败，这有科学原因吗？A.living居住；B.breaking打破；C.looking看；D.resulting导致。根据后文“eitherintotalsuccessorfailure”此处指尝试的结果，那么成功要么失败。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最近的研究表明，冒险可能是人类本性的一部分。A.nature自然；B.wisdom智慧；C.mind思维；D.disease疾病。根据后文“ourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnected”可知冒险是人类本性的一部分。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：研究还表明，我们寻求风险的欲望与我们期望从结果中获益的程度有关。A.risefrom升起；B.benefitfrom受益于；C.sufferfrom遭受；D.recoverfrom恢复。根据上文“Researchalsosuggeststhatourdesiretoseekriskscanbeconnectedtohowmuchweexpectto”可知，我们寻求风险的欲望与我们期望从结果中获益的程度有关。故选B。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，是否冒险攀登珠峰完全取决于你自己。A.totally完全地；B.vividly生动地；C.hardly几乎不；D.effectively有效地。根据后文“uptoyouwhetheryouwilltaketheriskofclimbingQomolangma”指是否冒险攀登珠峰完全取决于你自己。故选A。第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。ABuild-A-BearWorkshopisapopularstoreintheUnitedStates.Customerscanmaketheirownstuffed(填充的)animalsthere.Iwenttheretocreatetwonewfriendsformysister’sbirthday.FirstwewenttotheChooseMestation.Thereweremanylimp(柔软的),furryfriends.Theywerewaitingtobestuffed.Amongthemweretraditionalteddybears,puppies,kittensandcartooncharacters!Ichoseacream-coloredteddybearformyselfandarainbowkittyformysister.NextstopwastheLoveMestation.Wecouldchoosepersonalitiesforourtoys.Ichosebraveryandsmartness.Then,attheHearMestation,IchosetheHappyBirthdaysongformysister’skitty.AttheStuffMestation,ournewfriendswerestuffedbyahugemachine.Then,aredheartwasplacedontheirchests.Ibelieveit’sabraveandsmartheart!TheDressMestationwasmyfavoritepart.Youcandressyournewfriendswithclothes,shoes\nandotheraccessories.Igotashirt,skirtandsneakersforbothstuffedanimals.Finally,wearrivedattheTakeMeHomestation.Eachnewfurryfriendwasplacedinitsowncarryingcase.Whatanamazingshoppingexperience!36.WhydidthewritergototheBuild-A-BearWorkshop?A.Totakecareofanimals.B.Todoapart-timejob.C.Tobuyabirthdaygift.D.Tocelebrateherbirthday.37.Whatdidthewriterchooseforherself?A.Ateddybear.B.Alittledog.C.Arainbowkitty.D.Acreamcoloredpig.38.Whatdidthewriterdoatthethirdstation?A.Shechoseapersonalityforherbear.B.Shechoseasongforthekitty.C.Shechoseclothesforthekitty.D.Sheputaredheartonthebear’schest.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“personalities”meaninparagraph3?A.appearancesB.charactersC.attitudesD.opinions40.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Thewriterstuffedtheanimalsbyhand.B.ThewriterlikedtheLoveMestationbest.C.Thewriterdidn’ttakeherbearhome.D.Thewriterenjoyedherselfattheshop.【答案】36.C37.A38.B39.B40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述作者去Build-A-Bear工作室自己动手做填充毛绒玩具的过程。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Iwenttheretocreatetwonewfriendsformysister’sbirthday.(我去那里是为了给我妹妹过生日制作两个新朋友)”可知，作者去Build-A-Bear工作室是给妹妹买生日礼物。故选C项。\n【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Ichoseacream-coloredteddybearformyselfandarainbowkittyformysister.(我给自己选了一只米色的泰迪熊，给妹妹选了一只彩虹猫)”可知，作者给自己选了一只泰迪熊。故选A项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“Then,attheHearMestation,IchosetheHappyBirthdaysongformysister’skitty.(然后，在HearMe站，我为妹妹的猫咪选了生日快乐歌)”可知，作者去第三站是给毛绒玩具Kitty猫选择歌曲。故选B项。【39题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词下文“Ichosebraveryandsmartness.(我选择了勇敢和聪明)”可知，“勇敢”和“聪明”是指“性格、品质”，故personalities意为“性格，品质”，故选B项。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Whatanamazingshoppingexperience!(购物体验太棒了！)”可知，作者在商店玩得很开心，故选D项。BImagineadogyoudon’tneedtotrain.Instead,youcanprogramittodowhateveryouwant.Now,youdon’tneedtoimagineit.MeetSpot,adog-likerobotfromUScompanyBostonDynamics.InMarch,theArchaeologicalParkofPompeii(庞贝考古公园)inItalygaveSpotanewjob.Pompeiiisafamous“timecapsule(胶囊)”fromtheancientworld.Thousandsofyearsago,anearbyvolcanocoveredthecityinash.Manypeopledied,buttheashkeptbuildingssafeuntilsomeonefounditin1748.SowhatisSpotdoinginPompeii?Itwalksaroundthesitewitha3Dscanner(扫描仪).Therearemanynarrow,undergroundtunnelsinPompeii.Thievesusedthetunnelstostealthings.Thetunnelsbringsafetyproblemstotheancientbuildings.Robotdogsaresmallenoughtogothroughthesetunnelsandfindanychangestothebuildings.AccordingtoGabrielZuchtriegel,newdirectorofthesite,thisisthefirsttimeanyonehasusedarobottohelpprotectanarchaeologicalsite.“It’sabreakthroughanditwouldallowustoprotecttheruinswithgreaterspeedandintotalsafety,”saidZuchtriegel.Spotwillalsoworkwitha3D-scanningdrone(无人机).Thetwotoolswillcheckthesite\nregularly.Theywilllookforanydamagethatmayneedarepair.AsartmagazineARTnewssaid,Pompeiiisturningintoa“SmartArchaeologicalPark”.41.WhatcanwelearnabouttheArchaeologicalParkofPompeiifromParagraph2?A.Adog-likerobotworksatthepark.B.ManypeoplediedattheparkinMarch.C.Peoplefoundatimecapsuleatthepark.D.Avolcanocoveredtheparkinashin1748.42.WhatdoestheparkuseSpottodo?A.Catchthieves.B.Buildanarrowtunnel.C.Lookforsafetyproblems.D.Cleanupvolcanicash.43.WhatdoesSpotusetofindchangestothebuildings?A.Itsimagination.B.Its3Dscanner.C.Adrone.D.Arobotdog.44.WhatdoesZuchtriegelthinkofSpot?A.Itisagreathelptothepark.B.Itbreaksthingsoften.C.Itshouldmovefaster.D.Itbringssafetyproblems.45.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.SpotwillrepairdamagetothebuildingsofPompeii.B.Protectingtheparkfromdamageisdifficult.C.A3D-scanningdronewilltakeSpot’splace.D.Moderninventionsmakeiteasiertoprotectancientbuildings.【答案】41.A42.C43.B44.A45.D【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了一款名叫Spot来自美国波士顿动力公司的狗形机器人及其在保护古建筑方面起到的作用。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“InMarch,theArchaeologicalParkofPompeii(庞贝考古公园)inItalygaveSpotanewjob.”（今年3月，意大利庞贝考古公园给了Spot一份新工作。）可知，该狗形机器人在公园工作。故选A。【42题详解】\n细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thetunnelsbringsafetyproblemstotheancientbuildings.Robotdogsaresmallenoughtogothroughthesetunnelsandfindanychangestothebuildings.”（这些隧道给古建筑带来了安全问题。机器狗足够小，可以穿过这些隧道，发现建筑物任何变化。）可知，Spot在公园中确保并寻找古建筑中的安全问题。故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itwalksaroundthesitewitha3Dscanner(扫描仪).”（它带着3D扫描仪在工地周围走动。）可知，它使用的是3D扫描仪。故选B。44题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“AccordingtoGabrielZuchtriegel,newdirectorofthesite,thisisthefirsttimeanyonehasusedarobottohelpprotectanarchaeologicalsite.It’sabreakthroughanditwouldallowustoprotecttheruinswithgreaterspeedandintotalsafety,”saidZuchtriegel.”（据该遗址的新负责人加布里埃尔·祖赫特里格尔说，这是第一次有人使用机器人来帮助保护考古遗址。这是一个突破，它将使我们以更快的速度和完全安全的方式保护遗址，”Zuchtriiegel说。）可知，这对公园是一个很大的帮助。故选A。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Robotdogsaresmallenoughtogothroughthesetunnelsandfindanychangestothebuildings.”（机器狗足够小，可以穿过这些隧道，发现建筑物的任何变化。）以及最后一段中“Spotwillalsoworkwitha3D-scanningdrone(无人机).Thetwotoolswillcheckthesiteregularly.Theywilllookforanydamagethatmayneedarepair.”（Spot还将使用3d扫描无人机，这两种工具将定期检查该网站。他们会寻找任何可能需要修复的损伤。）可知，Spot作为现代发明的代表在人类保护古建筑方面发挥作用，同时使人类更容易保护古建筑。故选D。CDuringtheCOVID-19pandemic,manypeopleunderlockdownfeellonelyandbored.“Thereisalonelinessepidemic,”saidJohnDattilofromPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,US.Sohe,togetherwithaninternationalteamofresearchers,studiedhowtoreducelonelinessandincreasepositivefeelingsduringthepandemic.Accordingtotheirnewstudy,reducedlonelinesshassomethingtodowithdoingenjoyableactivitiesthatrequirebothconcentrationandskill.“Whenpeopleareabsorbedinwhattheyaredoing,theyenterastatecalled‘flow’,”Dattiloexplained.“Flowcanbeachievedbydoingactivitiesthatwevalueandthatrequireustoconcentrate\nfullytouseourskills.”Toachieveastateofflow,theremustbeabalancebetweenthechallengeofthetaskandyourskilllevel.Forexample,ifyou’retryingtocreateacomplexcomputerprogrambutyourskilllevelislow,thenyou’relikelytofeelstressedinsteadofachieving“flow”.Onthecontrary,ifthetaskistooeasy,thenboredomwillsetinand“flow”willnotappear,either.Ifyouhaveartisticskills,forexample,playingthepianoorpaintingcanleadtoflow.Socanthingslikeskiing,writingandstorytelling,dependingonwhoyouare.“Whenweenterastateofflow,webecomeabsorbedandfocused,andweexperiencemomentary(片刻的)enjoyment,”Dattilosaid.“Whenweleaveastateofflow,weareoftensurprisedbyhowmuchtimehaspassed.”However,watchingtelevisionusuallydoesn’thelppeopleenterflow,accordingtoDattilo,becausetherearen’tanychallenges.“Peopletendtogrowonhealthyactivitiesandchallenge,”saidDattilo.“Wehopethisresearchwillhelppeoplelivefuller,happier,healthierlives.”46.WhatdidDattilostudy?A.Whypeoplefeellonely.B.Howtoreduceloneliness.C.Whatenjoyableactivitiesare.D.Whypeoplelikeanewchallenge.47.Howdopeoplefeelwhentheyenterthe“flow”state?A.Theyareconcentratingandhappy.B.Theyfeeltimepassestooquickly.C.Theyfeelstressedandtired.D.Theyarelonelyandbored.48.Whichactivityispossibletohelppeopleachieveflow?A.WatchingTV.B.Eatingnuts.C.Writing.D.Chatting.49.Whatcanwedotoreducelonelinessduringlockdown,accordingtoDattilo?\nA.Followahealthylifestyle.B.Learnasmanyskillsaspossible.C.Dosomeenjoyableandchallengingtasks.D.Completeimpossiblechallenges.50.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ALonelinessEpidemicB.GowiththeflowC.AstudyoflonelinessD.ABalancebetweenLifeandWork【答案】46.B47.A48.C49.C50.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在新冠疫情期间，由于封控导致人们出现了孤独感，Dattilo和他的研究团队通过研究发现，做一些具有挑战性和技巧性的活动可以使人达到愉悦的境界，从而进入一种叫做“心流”的状态，减少孤独感。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Sohe,togetherwithaninternationalteamofresearchers,studiedhowtoreducelonelinessandincreasepositivefeelingsduringthepandemic.(因此，他和一个国际研究团队一起，研究了如何在疫情期间减少孤独感，增加积极情绪。)”可知，他和团队研究的是如何在疫情期间减少孤独感，增加积极情绪。故选B项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第七段内容“Whenweenterastateofflow,webecomeabsorbedandfocused,andweexperiencemomentaryenjoyment…(当我们进入“心流”的状态时，我们会变得专心和专注，我们会体验到短暂的快乐……)”可知，当处于“心流”状态时，会感到专注和快乐。故选A项。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“Ifyouhaveartisticskills,forexample,playingthepianoorpaintingcanleadtoflow.Socanthingslikeskiing,writingandstorytelling,dependingonwhoyouare.(如果你有艺术技能，例如，弹钢琴或绘画可以导致心流。滑雪、写作和讲故事也可以，这取决于你是谁。)”以及第七段内容“However,watchingtelevisionusuallydoesn’thelppeopleenterflow,accordingtoDattilo,becausetherearen’tanychallenges.(\n然而，根据达蒂洛的说法，看电视通常不会帮助人们进入心流状态，因为没有任何挑战。)”可知，艺术类的弹钢琴，绘画以及滑冰，写作，讲故事等可以达到心流状态，而看电视没有挑战性，不会帮助人达到心流状态。选项C“Writing.(写作。)”符合文章表述。故选C项。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Accordingtotheirnewstudy,reducedlonelinesshassomethingtodowithdoingenjoyableactivitiesthatrequirebothconcentrationandskill.(根据他们的新研究，减少孤独感与从事愉快的活动有关，这些活动既需要注意力集中，又需要技巧。)”可知，做一些需要注意力集中和技巧的有挑战性的活动会令人感到愉快，减少孤独感。故选C项。【50题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读文章内容可知，文章的第一段内容提出了问题“DuringtheCOVID-19pandemic,manypeopleunderlockdownfeellonelyandbored.(在新冠肺炎大流行期间，许多被封控的人感到孤独和无聊。)”，第三段内容“Accordingtotheirnewstudy,reducedlonelinesshassomethingtodowithdoingenjoyableactivitiesthatrequirebothconcentrationandskill.(根据他们的新研究，减少孤独感与从事愉快的活动有关，这些活动既需要注意力集中，又需要技巧。)”提出了解决方法“心流状态”，并在后文段落详细解释了如何进入心流状态。因此，文章的核心话题应是“减少孤独感，进入心流状态”，选项B“Gowiththeflow(跟随“心流”)”贴合主题。故选B项。第Ⅱ卷（共45分）第四部分：写作（共三节，满分45分）第一节选词填空。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）选词填空occurfurtherdutybeyondbattlefailuretreatmentaheadensureshot51.Toobeythelawsiseveryone’s________.52.Ourschooldideverythingto________thewelfareandsafetyofthestudents.53.Afteryearsofregular________,shefinallybecamehealthy.54.Weareatyourservice.Don’thesitatetoturntousifyouhaveany________problems.\n55.Whensomethingis________myability,Iturntomyclassmatesforhelp.56.Myunclesjumpedupand________theirarrowsatthebird.57.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasa________againstmyself.58.Petersufferedasuddenheart________whenhewasonbusiness.59.Weweretenpoints________inthebasketballgame.60.Theyaretalkingaboutmajoreventsthat________inyourlife,suchasyourwedding.【答案】51.duty52.ensure53.treatment54.further55.beyond56.shot57.battle58.failure59.ahead60.occur【解析】【51题详解】考查名词。句意：遵守法律是每个人的义务。结合句意可知，名词duty符合题意，意为“职责，义务”，作表语，故填duty。【52题详解】考查动词。句意：我们学校尽一切努力保证学生的福利和安全。结合“thewelfareandsafetyofthestudents”可知，此处指“保证学生的福利和安全”，动词ensure“确保，保证”符合题意。空前的to是不定式符号，空处应用动词原形。故填ensure。【53题详解】考查名词。句意：经过多年的定期治疗，她终于健康了。根据“shefinallybecamehealthy”可知，此处指“经过多年的治疗”，名词treatment“治疗”符合题意，为不可数名词。故填treatment。【54题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：我们随时为您服务。如果您有更多问题，请随时向我们求助。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词problems，结合句意可知，further“更多的，进一步的”符合题意，故填further。【55题详解】考查介词。句意：当事情超出我的能力范围时，我就会向同学求助。根据“Iturntomyclassmates\nforhelp”可知，此处指“超出能力范围”，介词beyond符合题意，意为“超出（范围）”。故填beyond。【56题详解】考查动词。句意：我的叔叔们跳起来，向那只鸟射了几箭。根据空后的“theirarrows”可知，此处指“射箭”，动词shot符合题意，一般过去时，为过去式形式。故填shot。【57题详解】考查名词。句意：当我30多岁开始跑步时，我意识到跑步是一场与自己的战斗。由空前的a可知空处应填名词单数，结合句意可知，battle战斗，名词，符合题意。故填battle。【58题详解】考查名词。句意：Peter出差时突发心力衰竭。结合句意可知，此处指“心力衰竭”，heartfailure心力衰竭，故填failure。【59题详解】考查副词。句意：我们在篮球比赛中领先十分。结合句意可知，此处指“领先十分”，副词ahead占优势，领先，符合题意。故填ahead。【60题详解】考查动词。句意：他们在谈论你生活中发生的重大事件，比如你的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处指“生活中发生的重大事件”，occur发生，动词，关系代词that指代先行词events，在从句中作主语，表示复数意义，句子是一般现在时，谓语动词用原形，故填occur。第二节阅读表达。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读表达Boydoesn’twastetimewithgamesYouwon’tfindCoenCadinhawithagamecontrollerinhishand.“I’veneverbeenintovideogames.Iknowkidsatmyagewanttoplayallday.ButIwanttomakemoney,”the14-year-oldboyfromHonolulu,Hawaii,toldthelocalnewswebsite.“WhenIwas13,Iwastryingtofigureouthowtogetajob.ButIwastooyoung.Icouldn’tgetaworkingpermit.Ithought,well,whynotstartmyownbusiness?”④Then,Coendecidedtosellhisownpacksofcandiesatfarmersmarkets.Tostartabusiness,heneedslotsofdocuments.“Icalledandemailedalotofpeopleandwaitedforresponses.Iwastoldtogetliabilityinsurance(责任保险)andataxlicense(税务执照).Sothefollowingweek,IaskedmymomtotakemetothebuildingacrossfromIolaniPalace.Igotmytaxlicense.Icalledseveral\ninsurancecompaniestogetliabilityinsurance.Ialsogotapproved(许可)throughStateFarm.”Then,BigBoySweetswasborn.Whenhewasn’tdoinghomework,theKaiserHighSchoolteenagerspenthisfreetimepackagingdifferentkindsofgummy(有黏性的)candies.“Atmyfirstmarket,”hesaid,“Isoldoutinfourhours.”Afterthatexperience,Coendecidedtoexpand.Henowmakesandpackageshisownsauces,cereal(谷类)treats,andpopcorn.Hesaidhemadethousandsofdollarseachmonth,whichhashelpedhisfamily.61.WhydidCoenwanttogetajobattheageof13?(Nomorethan6words62.WhatisCoen’sstandcalled?(Nomorethan3words)63.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?(Nomorethan5words)64.Whodoes“theKaiserHighSchoolteenager”inParagraph6referto?(Nomorethan1word)65.WhatdoyouthinkofCoenCadinha?Andwhy?(Nomorethan20words)【答案】61.Becausehewantedtomakemoney.62.BigBoySweets.63.HowCoenstartedhisbusiness.64.Coen.65.Ithinkheisanindependentboy,becausehedidn’tdependonhisparentsbymakingmoneyatanearlyage.【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了14岁男孩CoenCadinha自己创业赚钱的故事。【61题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中“ButIwanttomakemoney(但我想赚钱)”可知，Coen在13岁的时候就想找一份工作因为他想赚钱。故答案为Becausehewantedtomakemoney.【62题详解】考查细节理解。根据第五段“Then,BigBoySweetswasborn.(然后BigBoySweets诞生了)”可知，Coen的摊位叫做BigBoySweets。故答案为BigBoySweets.【63题详解】考查主旨大意题。根据第四段“Then,Coendecidedtosellhisownpacksofcandiesatfarmersmarkets.Tostartabusiness,heneedslotsofdocuments.“Icalledandemailedalotofpeopleandwaitedforresponses.Iwastoldtogetliabilityinsurance(责任保险)andataxlicense(税务执照).So\nthefollowingweek,IaskedmymomtotakemetothebuildingacrossfromIolaniPalace.Igotmytaxlicense.Icalledseveralinsurancecompaniestogetliabilityinsurance.Ialsogotapproved(许可)throughStateFarm.”(然后，Coen决定在农贸市场出售他自己的糖果包。为了创业，他需要大量的文件。“我给很多人打电话、发邮件，等待他们的回复。我被告知要买责任保险和税务执照。所以在接下来的一周，我让我妈妈带我去伊奥拉尼宫对面的建筑。我拿到了纳税执照。我给几家保险公司打了电话，想买责任险。我还得到了州立农场的批准。”)”可知，第四段主要讲了Coen是如何开始创业的。故答案为HowCoenstartedhisbusiness.【64题详解】考查词句猜测。根据倒数第三段中“Whenhewasn’tdoinghomework,theKaiserHighSchoolteenagerspenthisfreetimepackagingdifferentkindsofgummy(有黏性的)candies.(当他不做家庭作业的时候，这位凯泽高中的少年就用他的空闲时间包装不同种类的软糖)”以及倒数第二段中“Afterthatexperience,Coendecidedtoexpand.(有了那次经历后，科恩决定拓展业务)”可知，theKaiserHighSchoolteenager指的是Coen。故答案为Coen.【65题详解】开放性题目，言之有理即可。题干：你觉得科恩·卡迪尼亚怎么样？为什么？可回答：我认为他是一个独立的男孩，因为他在很小的时候就不依赖他的父母赚钱。故答案为Ithinkheisanindependentboy,becausehedidn’tdependonhisparentsbymakingmoneyatanearlyage.第三节书面表达。（共1小题；满分25分）66.假设你是晨光中学的李华，你的美国好友Tom得知，为更好地保护环境，你校发起了“垃圾分类——从我做起”的倡议活动。请你根据以下要点，用英语给他写一封回信，介绍此次活动的内容。要点：1.此活动具体措施，如开班会宣传；垃圾分类等；2.此活动带来的好处：提高环保意识；垃圾回收再利用等；3.该活动的意义及带给自身的感受。注意：（1）词数80-100；（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；（3）开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearTom,Ifeeloverjoyedtogetyouremail,knowingthatyoushowspecialinterestintheactivityheldin\nourschooltodealwithgarbageclassification.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearTom,Ifeeloverjoyedtogetyouremail,knowingthatyoushowspecialinterestintheactivityheldinourschooltodealwithgarbageclassification.Meanwhile,Ihavetheprivilegetointroducetheactivitytoyou,whosedetailedinformationislistedasfollows.Asiswellknowntous,garbagesortingplaysanimportantroleinourenvironmentalprotection.Firstly,weholdaclassmeeting,whosethemeistodiscussgarbageclassification.Throughthediscussionandwatchingsomevideoaboutgarbagesorting,wepromoteourawarenessofprotectingenvironment.Secondly,wetakeaspecificmeasuretohandledifferentgarbage.Forexample,wecanputthegarbageintodifferentdustbinssothatthegarbagecanbedealtwithproperly.Someofthemcouldbereused,likebooks,magazines,glassesandsoon.Atthesametime,weappealtothestudentswhowillgraduatetodonatetheirusedbookstothestudentsinothergrades.Throughthegarbageclassificationactivity,webenefitalot,whichcannotonlyraiseourawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment,butalsomakeourschoolmorebeautiful.Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinharmonywithnature.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国好友Tom写一封回信，介绍学校发起的“垃圾分类——从我做起”的倡议活动。【详解】1.词汇积累收到：get→receive正确地：properly→correctly\n呼吁：appealto→callon捐赠：donate→giveaway2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Someofthemcouldbereused,likebooks,magazines,glassesandsoon.拓展句：Someofthemcouldbereused,whichincludebooks,magazines,glassesandsoon.【点睛】【高分句型1】Meanwhile,Ihavetheprivilegetointroducetheactivitytoyou,whosedetailedinformationislistedasfollows.（运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Forexample,wecanputthegarbageintodifferentdustbinssothatthegarbagecanbedealtwithproperly.（运用了sothat引导的目的状语从句）【高分句型3】Throughthegarbageclassificationactivity,webenefitalot,whichcannotonlyraiseourawarenessofprotectingtheenvironment,butalsomakeourschoolmorebeautiful.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）