江苏省海安市2022届高三上学期期初学业质量监测英语试题 Word版含解析

2022届高三期初学业质量监测试卷英语第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whendidthegirllastcleanherroomaccordingtotheman?A.Twodaysago.B.Twomonthsago.C.Twoweeksago.2.Whoistheboyprobablytalkingto?A.Hisboss.B.Hisfitnesscoach.C.Histeacher.3.Whatdoesthewomanwanttheweathertobelike?A.Sunny.B.Snowy.C.Windy.4.Whatdidthemanlose?A.Abag.B.Abook.C.Acellphone.5.Wherewasthewomanyesterday?A.Inthehospital.B.Attheman’shouse.C.Athersister’shouse.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatisthemangoingtodothisafternoon?A.Gotothebeach.B.Takecareofacat.C.Visitsomeschoolfiends.7.Whenwilltheman’smothercomeback?A.Today.B.Tomorrow.C.Inacoupleofdays.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Wheredidthewomanexpectthemantomeether?A.Atthemall.B.Atherhouse.C.Atthetheater.9.Whattimeisitnow?,A.7:10.B.7:00.C.6:50.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.HowhighwastheSeineriverin1910?A.Around26feethigh.B.Around20feethigh.C.Around5feethigh.11.Whathadtogetmovedtohigherfloors?A.Artwork.B.Manyresidents.C.Powerequipment12.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoseethemost?A.TheLouvre.B.TheEiffelTower.C.TheMuseed’Orsay.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WheredidMaryfindthewallet?A.Onaplayground.B.Inaparkinglot.C.Inashoppingmall.14.Whatisinsidethewallet?A.Aphotoofaperson.B.SomepaperandanIDcard.C.Somemoneyandbusinesscards.15.Whodoesthewalletprobablybelongto?A.Anoldlady.B.Agrownman.C.Ayoungboy.16.HowwillMarygetintouchwiththewallet’sowner?A.Bymakingatelephonecall.B.Byaskingthepoliceforhelp.C.Bywaitingwhereshefoundit.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatwasthecouple’sproblematthebeginningofthestory?A.Theydidn’thavejobs.B.Theydidn’tlikeeachother.C.Theydidn’thaveenoughmoney.18.Whydidthemanleavecollage?A.Hedislikedtheschool.B.Hewantedtogetajob.C.Hehadnotimeandenergy.19.Howdidthewomanbuyacomputer?A.Shegotajobthatpaidmore.B.Shesavedmoneybywalkingtowork.C.Shetookapart-timejobatacomputerstore.20.Whathappenedattheendofthestory?A.Thecoupleforgottheiranniversary.B.Thecoupledidn’tliketheirgifsanymore.C.Thecouplenolongerneededthegifstheybought.,第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题25分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThereisabitofconfusionwhenitcomestowhethereatingwhiledrivingisallowedinAustraliaasitiskindofalegalgrayareainmoststates.Whiletherearenospecificroadrulesthatbaneatingbehindthewheel,driversmightaswellnoteatontheroadtoavoidbeingheavilyfined.NEWSOUTHWALESIfthepolicecatchyoueatingwhiledrivinginNewSouthWales,theycanbookyoufordrivingwithoutpropercontrolofthevehicle.Thiscomeswitha$448fineandthreedemeritpointsandthatrisestoa$561fineandfourdemeritpointsiftheoffenceiscommittedinaschoolzone.AUSTRALINACAPITALTERRITORYNotpullingovertoeatcanalsolandyouinhotwaterintheACT.MuchlikeNSW,driverscanbechargedwithdrivingwithoutpropercontroloftheircar,whichcomeswitha$292fine.Driverscanalsobegivena$385fineandthreedemeritpointsiftheirdistractionresultsinacrash.VICTORIAInVictoria,youcouldbeforcedtopaya$387finealongwithrackingupthreedemeritpointsifthepolicecatchyouhavingamealontheroad.SOUTHAUSTRALIAWhilethelawinSouthAustraliadoesn’tspecificallystatethateatingwhiledrivingisillegal,theSADriver’sHandbookdoesnameeatingasacommondistraction.Drivingwithouthavingpropercontrolofthevehiclecouldcostyou$184andsixdemeritpointsinSouthAustralia.NORTHERNTERRITORYIfthepolicecatchadrivereatingontheroadintheNorthernTerritory,theymaychargehimwith“drivinginadangerousmanner”.Thismeansthedrivercouldgeta$500fineandthreedemeritpoints.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentencesuggest?A.Itisnotaneasyjobtobaneatingwhiledrivinginthestate.B.Eatingbehindthewheelcancausethedriverlotsoftrouble.C.Itisimportanttoeducatedriverstobeawareofdrivingsafety.D.Itiscommonthatmanydriversinthestateeatwhiledriving.2.HowmuchwilladrivercaughteatingwhiledrivinginaschoolzoneinNSWbefined?A.$385.B.$387.C.$448.D.$561.3.Wherewilladriverbefinedmostifcaughteatingbehindthewheel?A.IntheNorthernTerritory.B.InVictoria.C.InSouthAustraliaD.IntheAustralianCapitalTerritory.【答案】1.B2.D3.A,【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚不同地区的一些交通规则和罚款金额。【1题详解】句意猜测题。根据画线词后文“MuchlikeNSW,driverscanbechargedwithdrivingwithoutpropercontroloftheircar,whichcomeswitha$292fine.Driverscanalsobegivena$385fineandthreedemeritpointsiftheirdistractionresultsinacrash.”可知，就像新南威尔士州一样，司机可能会被指控没有适当控制自己的汽车，罚款292美元。如果因分心而导致撞车，司机还会被处以385美元的罚款和扣3分。可知，在澳大利亚首都直辖区一边吃东西一边开车会给司机带来很多麻烦，故画线句意思是“开车时吃东西会给司机带来很多麻烦”。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据NEWSOUTHWALES部分中“Thiscomeswitha$448fineandthreedemeritpointsandthatrisestoa$561fineandfourdemeritpointsiftheoffenceiscommittedinaschoolzone.(这将被罚款448美元和扣3分，如果在学校区域内违法，将被罚款561美元和扣4分)”可知，在新南威尔士州的学校区开车时吃东西被抓到的司机会被罚款561美元。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据NEWSOUTHWALES部分中“Thiscomeswitha$448fineandthreedemeritpointsandthatrisestoa$561fineandfourdemeritpointsiftheoffenceiscommittedinaschoolzone.(这将被罚款448美元和扣3分，如果在学校区域内违法，将被罚款561美元和扣4分)”；AUSTRALINACAPITALTERRITORY部分中“MuchlikeNSW,driverscanbechargedwithdrivingwithoutpropercontroloftheircar,whichcomeswitha$292fine.Driverscanalsobegivena$385fineandthreedemeritpointsiftheirdistractionresultsinacrash.(就像新南威尔士州一样，司机可能会被指控没有适当控制自己的汽车，罚款292美元。如果因分心而导致撞车，司机还会被处以385美元的罚款和扣3分)”；SOUTHAUSTRALIA部分中“Drivingwithouthavingpropercontrolofthevehiclecouldcostyou$184andsixdemeritpointsinSouthAustralia.(在南澳大利亚州，驾驶没有正确控制车辆可能会让你损失184美元，并被扣6分)”以及NORTHERNTERRITORY部分中“IfthepolicecatchadrivereatingontheroadintheNorthernTerritory,theymaychargehimwith“drivinginadangerousmanner”.Thismeansthedrivercouldgeta$500fineandthreedemeritpoints.(如果警察在北领地抓到一个在路上吃东西的司机，他们可能会以“危险驾驶”的罪名起诉他。这意味着该司机可能会被罚款500美元和扣3分)”可知，如果司机被发现在开车时吃东西，会在NorthernTerritory被罚款最多。故选A。BBenjaminFranklinsaidthat,youwantsomethingdone,askabusyperson.“That’showMannyAbreupractices.ThroughouthisfouryearsatKellenbergMemorialHighSchoolintheUS,Abreu,madecommunityserviceanimportantpartofhislife.“Idon’tknowwherehefindsthetimetodoeverything,”saidErinRonan,Abreu’smathteacher.“He’strulyaclassact.”Asanhonorsstudent,Abreu,18,100partindifferentvoluntaryactivitiesafterschool,duringweekendsandsummerholidays.Theseincludedhelpingstaffatthepubliclibrary,doinglandscapeworkatKellenbergandservingcustomersatalocalrestaurant.Butfacedwithalimitednumberofhoursinaday,Abreulefthislibraryjoblastsummertostartworkingasanemergencymedicaltechnician-arolethatfitshispassionformakingadifferenceinotherpeople’slives.“Myappreciationforservicehasguidedmeintogivingback,”saidAbreu,whoissettinghissightsonbecomingadoctor.“It’ssucharewardingfeelingtohelpsomeone.”Duringhisyearsathighschool,Abreudevotedbetween40and50hoursofhistimeeachyeartovolunteerwork—morethandoubletheschool’sannualrequirementof20hours.Forallhishardwork,Abreuwaswelcomedintoaleadershipclubthatorganizesfellowstudents’volunteeractivities.StMartindePorresMarianistSchool(Kellenberg’ssisterschool)alsobenefitedfromAbreu’sdevotion.Throughhisschool’sSmartClubprogram,hevoluntarilyprovidedhomeworkhelpandplayedgameswiththejuniorhighschoolstudents.Abreuthankedhisparentsforinspiringhimtodotherightthing,sayingtheyare“themostselflesspeopleIknow”.Herememberedwhenhewasabout6yearsold,andhismotherinvitedadisadvantagedneighborhoodboytohavedinner.Uponobservingtheboy’shappinessAbreucameawaywithasenseofhowhewantedtolivehisownlife—“Iwon’tfocusonmyowndesires.I’llhelpasmanypeopleasIcan,”hesaid.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutMannyAbreu?A.Healwaysvolunteeredtohelpothers.B.HefollowedBenjaminFranklin’sexample.C.Hedidapooracademicperformanceinmath.DHefellbehindothersbecauseofafter-schoolactivities.5.ForwhatreasondidAbreuwanttoworkasamedicaltechnician?A.Becausehehadnotimetotryotherdifferentjobs.B.Becausehelackedinterestofdoinganyotherjob.C.Becausehewishedtoimprovethelivesofothers.D.Becauseheobtainedthesatisfactionofbeingpraised.6.WhatdidAbreugetfromhishardwork?A.Hewasoutstandingasaleaderathisschool.B.Itgavehimasenseofself-worthtohelpothers.C.Hegotachancetoattendmedicalschoolforfree.D.Hisfamilybecamepopularamongtheirneighbors.7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?,A.Thereisamustforeveryonetodovoluntaryjobs.B.ThesenseofachievementisAbreu’smajordesire.C.Abreu’sparentshadapositiveeffectonhisgrowth.D.Abreu’sbehaviorimpactedthepoorneighborhoodboy.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了在美国的克伦伯格纪念高中的四年里，MannyAbreu把社区服务作为他生活中重要的一部分，同时还保持了优异的成绩。文章介绍了他所从事的志愿者活动以及他对于帮助他人的看法。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Asanhonorsstudent,Abreu,18,100partindifferentvoluntaryactivitiesafterschool,duringweekendsandsummerholidays.Theseincludedhelpingstaffatthepubliclibrary,doinglandscapeworkatKellenbergandservingcustomersatalocalrestaurant.(作为一名优等学生，Abreu在放学后、周末和暑假期间参加了18100项志愿活动。这些工作包括帮助公共图书馆的工作人员，在克伦伯格做景观工作，以及在当地餐馆为顾客服务)”可知，MannyAbreu总是自愿帮助别人。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Butfacedwithalimitednumberofhoursinaday,Abreulefthislibraryjoblastsummertostartworkingasanemergencymedicaltechnician-arolethatfitshispassionformakingadifferenceinotherpeople’slives.“Myappreciationforservicehasguidedmeintogivingback,”saidAbreu,whoissettinghissightsonbecomingadoctor.“It’ssucharewardingfeelingtohelpsomeone.”(但由于每天的工作时间有限，Abreu去年夏天辞去了图书馆的工作，开始做一名紧急医疗技师，这个职位符合他为他人带来改变的热情。“我对服务的感激引导我回馈社会，”Abreu说，他打算成为一名医生。“帮助别人是一种很有成就感的感觉。”)”可知，Abreu想做一名医疗技术员是因为他希望改善别人的生活。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“It’ssucharewardingfeelingtohelpsomeone.(帮助别人是一种很有成就感的感觉)”可知，Abreu从帮助别人中得到了一种自我价值感。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Abreuthankedhisparentsforinspiringhimtodotherightthing,sayingtheyare“themostselflesspeopleIknow”.(Abreu感谢他的父母鼓励他做正确的事情，说他们是“我所认识的最无私的人”)”可推知，Abreu的父母对他的成长有积极的影响。故选C。CMorereasonstohatehumidity:itexpandsglobalwarming,aprofsays.,AndrewDessler,aprofessorintheDepartmentofAtmosphericScienceswhospecializesinresearchonclimate,saysthatwarmingduetoincreasesingreenhousegaseswillleadtohigherhumidityintheatmosphere.Andbecausewatervaporitselfisagreenhousegas,thiswillcauseadditionalwarming.Thisprocessisknownaswatervaporfeedbackandisresponsibleforasignificantportionofthewarmingpredictedtooccuroverthenextcentury.“It’saviciouscycle-warmertemperaturesmeanhigherhumidity,whichinturnleadstoevenmorewarming,”Desslerexplains.TheperspectivebyDesslerandco-authorStevenSherwoodoftheClimateChangeResearchCentreattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesispublishedinthecurrentissueofSciencemagazine.Inthearticle,theyreviewandsummarizethepeer-reviewedevidenceinsupportofastrongwatervaporfeedbackandconcludethattheevidencesupportingitisoverwhelming.“Foryears,therewasadebateoverthismechanism,withsomeevenquestioningifthewatervaporfeedbackexistedatall.Butrecentworkonthisfeedbackhasmoveditsexistenceandstrengthbeyondargument,”Dessleradds.Predictionsofsignificantglobalwarmingoverthenext100yearsbyclimatemodelsrequireastrongwatervaporfeedback.Recentestimatessuggesttheearthwillwarmfrom2to4degreesCelsius(4to8degreesFahrenheit)overthenextcentury—ascenariothatcouldhavedevastatinglong-termconsequences.“Everythingshowsthattheclimatemodelsareprobablygettingthewatervaporfeedbacknight,whichmeansthatunlesswereduceemissions,itisgoingtogetmuch,muchwarmeronourplanetbytheendofthecentury,”headds.Manyscientistsbelievesuchwarmingratesarealreadyhappening.Theycanpointtothesummerof2003,whenaprolongedheatwavegrippedEurope.AccordingtotheEarthPolicyInstitute,morethan35,000peoplediedthatsummer,withFrancerecordingover14,000deathsandGermanymorethan7,000.Additionally,warmertemperaturesarehavinganadverseeffectintheArctic,whererapidlossoficeisnowoccurring.“Theonlypossiblewayfuturewarmingwon’tbesignificantisifthereexistssomesortofoff-settingnegativefeedback,whichhasyettobediscovered,”Desslernotes.“Mostscientists,myselfincluded,judgethattobeaprettyunlikelypossibility.”8.Whatdoeswatervaporfeedbackinthepassagemean?A.Watervaporwilllendtoasignificantportionofthewarming.B.Theincreasesofgreenhousegaseswillleadtohigherhumidity.C.Increasinghumidityfromglobalwarmingismakingtheearthwarmer.D.Higherhumidityhascausedtheearthtowarmfrom2to4degreesCelsius.9.What’sthemainideaofParagraph4?A.Scientistshadaheatedargumentoverthewatervaporfeedback.B.Theexistenceandstrengthofwatervaporfeedbackiswithoutquestion.,CAndrewDesslerwroteanarticletosupporthisideaofwatervaporfeedback.D.Therewasnosignificantevidencefortheexistenceofwatervaporfeedback.10.Whatdopredictionsofsignificantglobalwarmingtellus?A.Scientistscouldfindtheoffsettingnegativefeedbackinthefuture.B.Thereexistssomesortoffsettingnegativewatervaporfeedback.C.Thewarmingoftheearthwillhavedestructiveshort-termconsequences.D.Wemaydecreasethespeedofglobalwarmingbyreducingtheemissions.11.What’stheattitudeofAndrewDesslertowardsthewayofsolvingfuturewarming?A.Positive.B.Supportive.C.Neutral.D.Pessimistic.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章谈到了“水汽反馈”的定义、存在的证据以及对地球的影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AndrewDessler,aprofessorintheDepartmentofAtmosphericScienceswhospecializesinresearchonclimate,saysthatwarmingduetoincreasesingreenhousegaseswillleadtohigherhumidityintheatmosphere.Andbecausewatervaporitselfisagreenhousegas,thiswillcauseadditionalwarming.Thisprocessisknownaswatervaporfeedbackandisresponsibleforasignificantportionofthewarmingpredictedtooccuroverthenextcentury.(专门研究气候的大气科学系教授AndrewDessler表示，温室气体增加导致的变暖将导致大气湿度增加。由于水汽本身是一种温室气体，这将导致进一步的变暖。这一过程被称为水汽反馈，预计下个世纪将发生的变暖有很大一部分是由水汽反馈引起的)”以及第三段““It’saviciouscycle-warmertemperaturesmeanhigherhumidity,whichinturnleadstoevenmorewarming,”Desslerexplains.(Dessler解释说：“这是一个恶性循环——温度升高意味着湿度升高，反过来又导致更暖化。”)”可知，水汽反馈意思是全球变暖带来的湿度增加正在使地球变暖。故选C。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“TheperspectivebyDesslerandco-authorStevenSherwoodoftheClimateChangeResearchCentreattheUniversityofNewSouthWalesispublishedinthecurrentissueofSciencemagazine.Inthearticle,theyreviewandsummarizethepeer-reviewedevidenceinsupportofastrongwatervaporfeedbackandconcludethattheevidencesupportingitisoverwhelming.“Foryears,therewasadebateoverthismechanism,withsomeevenquestioningifthewatervaporfeedbackexistedatall.Butrecentworkonthisfeedbackhasmoveditsexistenceandstrengthbeyondargument,”Dessleradds.(,戴斯勒和新南威尔士大学气候变化研究中心的合著者史蒂文·舍伍德的观点发表在最新一期的《科学》杂志上。在这篇文章中，他们回顾和总结了同行评审的证据，以支持强大的水蒸气反馈，并得出结论，支持它的证据是压倒性的。“多年来，人们一直在争论这个机制，有些人甚至质疑水蒸气反馈是否存在。但最近关于这种反馈的研究已经证明了它的存在和力量。”Dessler补充道)”可知，第四段的主旨是水汽反馈的存在和强度是毋庸置疑的。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““Everythingshowsthattheclimatemodelsareprobablygettingthewatervaporfeedbacknight,whichmeansthatunlesswereduceemissions,itisgoingtogetmuch,muchwarmeronourplanetbytheendofthecentury,”headds.(他补充说：“一切都表明，气候模型很可能在夜间得到了水蒸气反馈，这意味着除非我们减少排放，否则到本世纪末，我们的星球将变得更加温暖。”)”可知，关于全球变暖的预测告诉了我们可以通过减少排放来减缓全球变暖的速度。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Mostscientists,myselfincluded,judgethattobeaprettyunlikelypossibility.(大多数科学家，包括我自己，都认为这种可能性不大)”可推知，AndrewDessler对解决未来变暖问题的态度是悲观的。故选D。DThescientistsplacedunderwaterspeakersinareaswherecoralhadbeendyinginAustralia’snorthernGreatBarrierReef.Theyplayedcertainsoundsoveraperiodofabout6weeksandstudiedtheresults.Theteamreportedthattwiceasmanyfisharrivedinareaswherethesoundsofhealthycoralwereplayed.Amongthearrivingfishwerespeciesthatfeedonallmajorfoodsources.Theresearchersnotedtheimportanceofhavingmanydifferentkindsoffishreturntothearea.Differentspeciesoffishperformmanyactivitiesthatsupporttheoceanenvironmentandsealife.“Damagedreefshaveahigherchanceofrecoveryiftheyhavehealthyfishpopulation,”thescientistswroteinthereport.SteveSimpsonsaidthat“healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces.”Theycontainthesoundsofmanykindsofshrimp,fishandotherseacreatures.Youngfishlistenforthesesoundswhentheyarelookingforaplacetosettle.Headdedthatreefs“becomeghostlyquiet”whentheysufferdestructionthatisusuallyrelatedtohuman-causedpollution.Coraldamagecancauseunappealingsmellsandsoundsthatdriveshrimpandfishaway.MarkMeekanisafishbiologist.Hesaidthatthereturnofthesefishisthefirststeptoseeingmajorimprovementsinreefhealth.“Recoveryisunderpinnedbyfishthatcleanthereefandcreatespaceforcoralstoregrow,”hesaid.TimGordonsayshebelievessoundcanbeusedtobringbackdeadcoralinareassufferingmajordestructioninoceansacrosstheworld.UniversityofBristolprofessorAndyRadfordsaidtheunderwatersoundsareapromisingwaytofightcoralreefdamageatthelocalcommunitylevel.Buthenotedthatotherthreatsneedtobereducedaswell.Theseincludeclimatechange,pollutionandoverfishing.Fromlocalmanagement,innovationstointernationalpoliticalaction,weneedmeaningfulprogressatalllevelstopaintabetterfutureforreefsworldwide.12.Whydidresearchersattractfishbyplayingsoundsunderwater?A.Tostudythepopulationoffish.B.Tocatchfishasmajorfoodsources.C.Torecoverdamagedreefsnaturally.D.Torecordthesoundsofhealthycorals.13.HowdidSteveexplainthecoralreefs?A.Bypresentingtheresearchresults.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bylistingsomespecificdata.D.Bygivingsomeexamples.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underpinned”inPara.4mean?A.Destroyed.B.Affected.C.Supported.D.Attacked.15.WhatdoesProfessorAndystress?A.Reefneedsprotectionatalllevels.B.Climatechangeismoreseriousthanreefdamage.C.Overfishingthreatensworldcoralreef.D.Pollutionneedsinternationalpoliticalaction.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。一个科学家团队使用水下扬声器播放健康珊瑚礁的声音，诱使鱼类回到死去的珊瑚礁地区，这些鱼会帮助受损的珊瑚礁恢复健康。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句““Damagedreefshaveahigherchanceofrecoveryiftheyhavehealthyfishpopulation,”thescientistswroteinthereport.(“如果被破坏的珊瑚礁拥有健康的鱼群数量，那么它们恢复的几率会更高。”科学家们在报告中写道)”可知，科学家们播放健康珊瑚礁的录音，吸引鱼类的目的是帮助受损的珊瑚礁恢复健康。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。结合第四段中“SteveSimpsonsaidthat“healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces.”(SteveSimpson说“健康的珊瑚礁是非常嘈杂的地方。”)”及“Headdedthatreefs“becomeghostlyquiet”whentheysufferdestructionthatisusuallyrelatedtohuman-causedpollution.(他补充说，当珊瑚礁遭受破坏时，它们会变得“像幽灵一样安静”，而这种破坏通常与人为污染有关)”可知，Steve通过比较健康的珊瑚礁和受损的珊瑚礁来解释珊瑚礁。故选B项。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前一句“Hesaidthatthereturnofthesefishisthefirststeptoseeing,majorimprovementsinreefhealth.”可知，这些鱼类的回归是珊瑚礁健康状况重大改善的第一步，结合划线词后的“fishthatcleanthereefandcreatespaceforcoralstoregrow(清洁珊瑚礁并为珊瑚再生创造空间的鱼类)”可知，返回的鱼类清洁珊瑚礁，并为珊瑚礁的生长创造空间，由此可推知划线句“Recoveryisunderpinnedbyfish”意为“这些鱼支持了珊瑚礁的恢复”。划线词“underpinned”意为“支持”。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Buthenotedthatotherthreatsneedtobereducedaswell.Theseincludeclimatechange,pollutionandoverfishing.Fromlocalmanagementinnovationstointernationalpoliticalaction,weneedmeaningfulprogressatalllevelstopaintabetterfutureforreefsworldwide.(但他指出，其他威胁也需要减少。这些因素包括气候变化、污染和过度捕捞。从地方管理创新到国际政治行动，我们需要在各个层面取得有意义的进展，为全世界的珊瑚礁描绘一个更美好的未来)”可知，Andy强调珊瑚礁需要各个层面的保护。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。StepstowriteagoodessayIfyouaskmanypeople,theywillprobablysaythatwritingaresearchpaperischallenging.Indeed,itrequirescarefulresearch,___16___ChooseyourtopicanddotheresearchChooseatopicthatyouareinterestedinoratopicyouarecuriousabout.___17___Forhelpfulandreliableinformation,thelibraryisthebestresource.Usebooks,publishedarticles,journals,newspapersandmagazinestoresearchyourchosentopic.___18___Afterin-depthresearch,youcangoontowriteanoutline.Withallthenotesandalltheinformationyou'vegathered,determinewhereeachtopicfits.Simplynotewhichpartswillbethebeginning,middleandend.Theoutlineiswhereyourresearchpaperstartstotakeshape.WriteafirstdraftAftertheoutline,beginthefirstdraft.___19___Sopeoplecanreaditandactuallyunderstandit.Youcandomoreresearchifyoufeellikeyou'relackinginformation.Thisisonlythefirstdraft,soyoucanstillmakechangesasyougoon.ProofreadandwriteyourfinalpaperOnceyourereadyourfirstdraftoverandoverandmakethenecessarychangesyoufeelyoushouldmake,itistimetowriteyourfinaldraft.___20___Andbesurethatyourwritingmakessenseandhasasteadyandnaturalflowallthroughout.Checkthespellingandgrammaticalmistakes,andthateverysourceyouusedislistedinthepaper'sbibliography.Readthefinalversionasmanytimesasyouwantandevenaskafriendorprofessortoreadit,too.AMakeanoutlineB.WritedownthepropernotesC.ifyouwanttowriteagoodresearchpaper.D.Makesurethatalltheimportantinformationisincluded.E.Itwillencourageyoutodothenecessaryresearchonit.F.Thisisthepartwhereyouputmoredetailandlifeintothepaper.G.butaresearchpaperreallyjustneedsafewbasictipsforittobelesschallenging.【答案】16.G17.E18.A19.F20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍写一篇好文章的步骤。【16题详解】分析句子结构Indeed,itrequirescarefulresearch,___1___可知，该空后面是从句、并列句或非谓语动词形式，且小写开头，应该在C和G中选择。再根据上半句Indeed,itrequirescarefulresearch,“事实上，这需要仔细研究，”由此可知，G项butaresearchpaperreallyjustneedsafewbasictipsforittobelesschallenging.（但是一篇研究论文真的只需要一些基本的技巧就可以降低它的挑战性。）切题。故选G。【17题详解】根据上文提示“选择一个你感兴趣的话题或者你好奇的话题。”再根据下文提示“对于有用和可靠的信息，图书馆是最好的资源。”承接上下文，E项Itwillencourageyoutodothenecessaryresearchonit.（它会鼓励你做必要的研究。）切题。故选E。【18题详解】此空是小标题，结合上下小标题，可知此处应该用短小精悍的祈使句。再根据下文提示“在深入研究之后，你可以继续写提纲。”由此可知，A.Makeanoutline（列一个提纲）切题。故选A。【19题详解】根据上文提示“在提纲之后，开始第一稿。”再根据下文提示“这样人们就能读懂它。”承接上下文，F项Thisisthepartwhereyouputmoredetailandlifeintothepaper.（这部分你要把更多的细节和生活写进报纸里。）切题。故选F。【20题详解】根据上文提示“一旦你一遍又一遍地重读你的初稿，并做出你认为应该做出的必要修改，你就该写你的终稿了。”再根据下文提示“确保你的写作有意义，并且自始至终都有一个稳定自然的流程。”承接上下文，D项Makesurethatalltheimportantinformationisincluded.（确保所有重要的信息都包括在内。）切题。故选D。,第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Atinybitofkindnesscanmakeahugedifference.Afewweeksago,EhabTahawasonasubwayinVancouverwhenalargeman____21____.Heseemedangry,andhismovementswerefarfromnormal.Tahanotedallthepassengersonthetrainseemed____22____andweremovingawayfromhim.“Thelargemanwasbeing____23____onthetrain.Hewascursingand____24____,obviouslysufferingfromdrugabuseand/ormentalhealthissues,”TahadescribedonFacebook“Whileeveryonewasscared,a70-year-oldwoman,insteadof____25____,reachedouttotheman.”Thesweet____26____comfortedtheman.Eventuallyhesanktothefloorofthetrain,____27____,andtearsfloodedhiseyes.Tahacapturedanimageofthewomanandtheotherpassenger____28____handsandposteditonFacebook.“Itwasquiteincrediblebowsoonhe____29____,”TahawroteonFacebook“I’llwasbemosttouchingthingI’veeverseen.Ispoketothewomanafterhisincidentandshesimplysaid,‘I’mamotheranditwaswhathe_____30_____atthatmoment.’Andshestartedtocry.”“Shewasvery_____31_____,Tahasaid“Sheevenmentionedthatshethoughtaboutwhatwouldhappenifhe_____32_____herwiththepen—becausehehadoneinhishand—butshesaiditwasmoreimportantthathedidn’tfeel_____33_____.”Whenthemanarrivedathisstop,hegotupandsaid“Thanks,Grandma”beforegettingoff.“Isawthemostincredibledisplayofhumanitytothetrain,”Tahasaid.“It’sincredibletoseethatsometimeshuman_____34_____candosomuchmorethananythingelse.Don’tfearorjudgethe_____35_____onthesubway:Lifedoesnotprovideequalwelfareforallisresidents.”21.A.participatedB.respondedC.boardedD.escaped22.A.movedB.scaredC.embarrassedD.aroused23.A.aggressiveB.competitiveC.enthusiasticD.greedy24.A.shoutingB.ensuringC.weepingD.arguing25.A.givinginB.settingdownC.turningawayD.takingover26.A.gestureB.coincidenceC.harmonyD.voice27A.innocentB.delightedC.concernedD.relaxed28.A.fetchingB.holdingC.allocatingD.raising,29.A.camebackB.brokeoutC.gotthroughD.calmeddown30.A.opposedB.forgotC.neededD.ignored31.A.humorousB.braveC.independentD.energetic32.A.advocatedB.addressedC.rewardedD.attacked33.A.aloneB.guiltyC.unbearableD.absurd34.A.sightB.smellC.touchD.taste35.A.residentsB.specialistsC.beggarsD.strangers【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.A25.C26.A27.D28.B29.D30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。也许你也曾经在公共交通上遇到举止怪异的人，也许你也和大多数人一样，心存畏惧，远远避开。但是在温哥华的地铁上，一位七十多岁的老奶奶的做法却温暖了无数人。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周前，埃哈布·塔哈在温哥华坐地铁时，一个大块头的男人上了车。A.participated参加；B.responded回应；C.boarded上车；D.escaped逃跑。根据“Afewweeksago,EhabTahawasonasubwayinVancouver”以及“Tahanotedallthepassengersonthetrainseemed____2____andweremovingawayfromhim.”可知，一个大块头的男人上了车。故选C项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：塔哈注意到，火车上的所有乘客似乎都很害怕，都在远离他。A.moved感动的；B.scared害怕的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.aroused唤醒。根据下文“everyonewasscared”可知，火车上的所有乘客似乎都很害怕。故选B项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个高大的男人在火车上充满攻击性。A.aggressive有攻击性的；B.competitive有竞争力的；C.enthusiastic热情的；D.greedy贪婪的。根据“Hewascursingand____4____,obviouslysufferingfromdrugabuseand/ormentalhealthissues,”可知，那个高大的男人在火车上充满攻击性。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他又骂又叫，显然有药物滥用和/或精神健康问题。A.shouting喊叫；B.ensuring确定；C.weeping哭泣；D.arguing争论。根据“Hewascursing,”可知，他又骂又叫。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：塔哈在Facebook上描述道，“当所有人都很害怕的时候，一位70岁的老妇人没有转身离开，而是走向了这个男人。A.givingin屈服；B.settingdown(使)安静下来；C.turningaway拒绝，转过身；D.takingover接管。根据“reachedouttotheman.”可知，一位70岁的老妇人没有转身离开，而是走向了这个男人。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个甜蜜的举动安慰了这个男人。A.gesture姿势，举动；B.coincidence巧合；C.harmony和谐；D.voice声音。根据下文“Tahacapturedanimageofthewomanandtheotherpassenger____8____hands”可知，这是个甜蜜的举动。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后他瘫倒在火车的地板上，放松下来，眼睛里噙满了泪水。A.innocent无辜的；B.delighted高兴的；C.concerned关心的；D.relaxed放松的。根据“comfortedtheman”以及“tearsfloodedhiseyes.”可知，这个男人放松了下来。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：塔哈拍下了这名老人握住另一名乘客的手的照片，并发布在了Facebook上。A.fetching取；B.holding握住；C.allocating分配；D.raising提高。根据上文“Thesweet____6____comfortedtheman.”可知，老人握住了男人的手。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：塔哈在脸书上写道：“他很快就平静下来了，这真是难以置信。A.cameback回来；B.brokeout爆发；C.gotthrough接通；D.calmeddown镇静。根据上文“Eventuallyhesanktothefloorofthetrain,____7____,andtearsflood”可知，他很快就平静下来了。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是一位母亲，这是他那一刻所需要的。A.opposed反对；B.forgot忘记；C.needed需要；D.ignored忽略。根据“I’mamother”可知，母亲般的爱是那时男人所需要的。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“她非常勇敢，”塔哈说，“她甚至提到，她考虑过如果他用钢笔袭击她会发生什么，因为他手里拿着一支钢笔，但她说更重要的是，她不仅仅是自己，还有其他人在。A.humorous幽默的；B.brave勇敢的；C.independent独立的；D.energetic精力充沛的。根据上文可知，正当所有人对男人感到害怕时，老人走向了这个男人，可见，老人是勇敢的。故选B项。【32题详解】,考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她非常勇敢，”塔哈说，“她甚至提到，她考虑过如果他用钢笔袭击她会发生什么，因为他手里拿着一支钢笔，但她说更重要的是，她不仅仅是自己，还有其他人在。A.advocated提倡；B.addressed演说；C.rewarded回报；D.attacked袭击。根据“becausehehadoneinhishand”以及上文男子表现出的攻击性可知，她甚至提到，她考虑过如果他用钢笔袭击她会发生什么。故选D项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“她非常勇敢，”塔哈说，“她甚至提到，她考虑过如果他用钢笔袭击她会发生什么，因为他手里拿着一支钢笔，但她说更重要的是，她不仅仅是自己，还有其他人在。A.alone独自的；B.guilty有罪的；C.unbearable不可忍受的；D.absurd荒谬的。根据上文可知，地铁里除了老人还有其他人，这也是老人勇敢地接近男人的一个原因。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人难以置信的是，有时候人与人之间的接触比其他任何东西都更有意义。A.sight视线；B.smell气味；C.touch触摸；D.taste品尝。根据上文可知，老人握住了男子的手，使得男子变得安静下来，所以肌肤的接触比其他任何东西都更有意义。故选C项。35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不要害怕也不要评判地铁上的陌生人。A.residents居民；B.specialists专家；C.beggars乞丐；D.strangers陌生人。根据上文可知，老人不认识男子，所以他们都是陌生人。本句为短文的升华，告诉人们不要害怕也不要评判地铁上的陌生人。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Airpollutionisnodoubtamajorconcerninmanybigcitiesacrosstheworld.Morethan80%ofpeoplelivinginurbanareas____36____(expose)tounsafeair,accordingtoareport____37____(deliver)bytheWorldHealthOrganization.“Urbanairpollutioncontinuestoriseat____38____alarmingrate,doinggreathamtohumanhealth,”saidDr.MariaNeira,thedirectorofPublicHealthandEnvironmentalPolicyattheWHO.“Atthesametime,____39____(aware)isrisingandmorecitiesaremonitoringtheirairquality.”Inthepasttwoyears,thenumberofcitiesmonitoringairpollution____40____(double)-nowcoveringabout3,000citiesin103countries.TheWHOwarnedoftheseriouseffectspoorairqualitycouldhave____41____thehealthofurbanresidents,____42____(link)ittotheriskofstrokes,heartdisease,lungcancerandmanyotherdiseases.Thereportalsoshowedthatlow-andmiddleincomecountries____43____(general)have,poorerairquality.About98%ofcitieswith100,000ormorepeopleinlow-andmiddle-incomecountriesdonotmeetWHOairqualityguidelines,____44____56%inhigh-incomecountriesfailtomeetthestandard.Thereportalsourgedlocalgovernmentstotakestrongerand_____45_____(effect)measurestofightagainstairpollution.【答案】36.areexposed37.delivered38.an39.awareness40.hasdoubled41.on42.linking43.generally44.while45.effective【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。世界卫生组织发布的一份报告显示，超过80%的城市居民暴露在不安全的空气中。报告还敦促地方政府采取更有力和有效的措施对抗空气污染。【36题详解】考查时态语态。句意：世界卫生组织发布的一份报告显示，超过80%的城市居民暴露在不安全的空气中。本句在陈述事实，所以为一般现在时，主语Morethan80%ofpeople与谓语expose为被动关系，所以本句为一般现在时的被动语态。故填areexposed。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：世界卫生组织发布的一份报告显示，超过80%的城市居民暴露在不安全的空气中。结合上题分析，本句已经有谓语，空处填非谓语，areport与deliver在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填delivered。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：世界卫生组织公共卫生和环境政策主任玛丽亚·内拉博士说:“城市空气污染继续以惊人的速度增长，严重危害了人类健康。rate为可数名词，本句表示泛指“以一种惊人的速度增长”，alarming首字母的发音为元音音素。故填an。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：与此同时，人们的意识也在提高，越来越多的城市开始监控自己的空气质量。空处填名词awareness作主语，不可数名词。故填awareness。【40题详解】考查时态。句意：在过去两年里，监测空气污染的城市数量翻了一番，现在覆盖了103个国家的约3000个城市。根据“Inthepasttwoyears”可知。本句为现在完成时，thenumberofcities作主语，谓语动词为单数第三人称。故填hasdoubled。【41题详解】,考查介词。句意：世界卫生组织警告称，糟糕的空气质量可能会对城市居民的健康造成严重影响，并将其与中风、心脏病、肺癌和许多其他疾病的风险联系起来。haveeffectson“对…...有影响”为固定短语。故填on。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：世界卫生组织警告称，糟糕的空气质量可能会对城市居民的健康造成严重影响，并将其与中风、心脏病、肺癌和许多其他疾病的风险联系起来。本句已经有谓语动词，空处填非谓动词，与前面逻辑主语theseriouseffects在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填linking。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：报告还显示，中低收入国家的空气质量普遍较差。副词generally修饰动词have。故填generally。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：收入和中等收入国家人口在10万或以上的城市中，约98%的城市不符合世卫组织的空气质量准则，而高收入国家中有56%的城市不符合标准。根据句意可知，前后句子表示对比关系，连词应为while。故填while。【45题详解】考查形容词。句意：该报告还敦促地方政府采取更有力和有效的措施对抗空气污染。形容词effective修饰名词measures。故填effective。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，收到美国笔友Mark的一封电子邮件，他知道孔子学院（ConfuciusInstitute）是根据孔子命名的，很想对孔子有进一步的了解。请你写一封邮件回复，内容包括：1.孔子的主要思想；2.对中国文化的影响。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMark,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearMark,,Ihopeyouaredoingwell.HereissomethingaboutConfucius,thephilosopherafterwhomtheConfuciusInstitutesarenamed.Borninawar-tornperiod,Confuciusdevotedhimselftofindingaccesstoaharmonioussociety.Hestressedpersonalandgovernmentalmorality,justice,kindness,andsincerity.ConfuciusisalsocreditedwithhavingeditedmanyChineseclassicworks.Hisideasaboutstrongfamilyloyalty,ancestorworship,andrespectofeldersbytheirchildrenhavealwaysbeenthecoreofChineseculture.HehasbeenhonoredasoneofthemostimportantfiguresinChineseculturalhistory.Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国笔友Mark回复一封电子邮件，进一步介绍孔子和孔子学院。【详解】1.词汇积累致力于：applyoneselfto→devoteoneselfto强调：emphasize→stress被誉为：behonoredas→becreditedwith人物：person→figure2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：Hestressedpersonalandgovernmentalmorality,justice,kindness,andsincerity.ConfuciusisalsocreditedwithhavingeditedmanyChineseclassicworks.拓展句：NotonlydidConfuciusstresspersonalandgovernmentalmorality,justice,kindness,andsincerity,butalsoheiscreditedwithhavingeditedmanyChineseclassicworks.【点睛】[高分句型1]HereissomethingaboutConfucius,thephilosopherafterwhomtheConfuciusInstitutesarenamed.(运用了“介词+whom”引导的定语从句)[高分句型2]Borninawar-tornperiod,Confuciusdevotedhimselftofindingaccesstoaharmonioussociety.(运用了过去分词作状语)第二节读后续写（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Oneday,whenIwasafreshmaninhighschool,Isawakidfrommyclasswalkinghomefromschool.HisnamewasKyle.Itlookedlikehewascarryingallofhisbooks.Ithoughttomyself:WhywouldanyonebringhomeallhisbooksonFriday?Hemustreallybenerd.AsIwaswalking,Isawabunchofkidsrunningtowardhim.Theyranathim,knockingallhisbooksoutofhisarmsandtippinghimsobelandedinthedir.Hisglasseswentflying,andIsawthemlandinthegrassabouttenfeetfromhim.HelookedupandIsawthisterriblesadnessinhis,eyes.So,Ijoggedovertohimandashecrawledaroundlookingforhisglasses,Isawatearinhiseye.AsIhandedhimhisglasses,hesaid,“thanks!”Therewasabigsmileonhisface.Itwasoneofthosesmilesthatshowedrealgratitude.Wetalkedallthewayhome,andIcarriedhisbooks.Heturnedouttobeaprettycoolkid.ThemoreIgottoknowKyle,themoreIlikedhim.Overnextfouryears,KyleandIbecamethebestfriends.Whenwewereseniors,behadthehighestmarksintheclassandwaschosetogiveaspeechatthegraduationceremony.Iteasedhimallthetimeaboutbeinganerd.Hehadtopreparealot,andIwassogladitwasn’tmehavingtogetupthereandspeak.Graduationday,IsawKyleandsaid.“Heybigguy,you’llbegreat!”Helookedatmewithoneofthoselooks,thereallygratefulone,andsaid“Thanks,”smiling.Asbestartedhisspeech,heclearedhisthroatandbegan.“Graduationisatimetothankthosewhohelpedyoumakeitthroughthosetoughyears.Yourparents,yourteachers,yoursiblings,maybeacoachbutmostlyyourfriends.Iamheretotellallofyouthatbeingafriendtosomeoneisthebestgiftyoucangivehimorher.Iamgoingtotellyouastory.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1:Ijustlookedatmyfriendwithdisbeliefashetoldthestoryofthefirstdaywemet.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Ismiledbackintears.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph1:Ijustlookedatmyfriendwithdisbeliefashetoldthestoryofthefirstdaywemet.Kylehadplannedtokillhimselfovertheweekend.HetalkedofhowhehadcleanedouthislockersohisMomwouldn’thavetodoitlaterandwascarryinghisstuffhome.Meanwhile,Ifoundhelookedhardatmeandgavemealittlesmile.“Thankfully,Iwassaved.Myfriendsavedmefromdoingtheunspeakable.”Iheardthegaspgothroughthecrowdasthishandsome,andpopularboytoldusallabouthisweakestmoment.Whenhiseyescaughtmine,Iwasabletoseetearsshimmeredinhissmilingeyes.,Paragraph2:Ismiledbackintears.NotuntilthatmomentdidIrealizewhatbigdifferenceonesmallgesturehadmadetohim.IevensawhisMomandDadlookingatmeandsmilingthatsamegratefulsmile.Itdawnedonmethatnevershouldweunderestimatethepowerofouractions.Withonesmallgesturewecanchangeaperson’slife.Forbetterorforworse.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了前文主要讲作者上高中时，有一天看到了同班的凯尔带着所有的书回家。一群孩子将凯尔撞倒在地。作者跑过去，帮助凯尔把书和眼镜捡了起来。后来两个人成了好朋友。毕业典礼的时候，凯尔被选去做毕业典礼演讲。他在演讲时，告诉大家在遇到作者那天他本打算自杀，是作者救了自己。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我不敢相信地看着我的朋友，他讲述了我们第一天相遇的故事。”可知，第一段可描写凯尔讲述自己在遇到作者那天打算自杀的事情。②由第二段首句内容“我也含泪笑了。”可知，第二段可描写作者在听了凯尔的故事后的感悟。2.续写线索：凯尔讲和作者相遇的故事——凯尔说自己当天本打算自杀——作者感动——作者感悟3.词汇激活行为类①打算：planto/intendto②自杀：killoneself/commitsuicide③逐渐明白：dawnonsb./graduallyunderstand情绪类①无法形容的：unspeakable/beyonddescription【点睛】[高分句型1]HetalkedofhowhehadcleanedouthislockersohisMomwouldn’thavetodoitlaterandwascarryinghisstuffhome.(运用了how引导宾语从句)[高分句型2]NotuntilthatmomentdidIrealizewhatbigdifferenceonesmallgesturehadmadetohim.(运用了部分倒装)