江苏省常州市2019-2020学年高一下学期学业水平监测英语试题 Word版含解析

www.ks5u.com常州市教育学会学业水平监测高一英语注意：本试卷共五个部分，答案全部做在答题纸上。满分为150分。考试时间120分钟。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthemanprobablydo?A.Attendameeting.B.GiveCraigacall.C.Waitintheoffice.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Co-workers.C.Schoolmates.3.WhatisDaviddoingthisyear?A.Travelingaroundtheworld.B.TeachingChineseatschool.C.Learningaforeignlanguage.4.Howdoesthemanwanttotravel?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Byplane.5.Whatisthewomangoingtodotomorrowevening?A.VisitBobathishome.B.GoshoppingwithBob.C.ExpectacallfromBob.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatkindofpartyisit?A.Abirthdayparty.B.Aweddingparty.C.Ahousewarmingparty.7.AtwhattimewillLindaarriveattheparty?A.5:30p.m.B.6:30p.m.C.7:30p.m.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。-28- 8.Whoistheman?A.Apasser-by.B.Thecardriver.C.Thetruckdriver.9.Whathappenedaccordingtotheconversation?A.AcarwashitonHighway204.B.AtruckwasburnedonHighway204.C.Thedriverofatruckwasbadlyhurt.10.Howsoonwillhelpcome?A.Infiveminutes.B.Intenminutes.C.Infifteenminutes.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdidthewomanloseweight?A.Shehasbeenworkingtoohard.B.Shetookdietpills.C.Shehashealthydietandregularexercise.12.What’stheman’sproblem?A.Heloveseatingtoomuch.B.Thereisnogymnearhisplace.C.Hehastoworkovertime.13.Whatsmallchangesdidthewomanmakeinherlife?A.Takingalifttoherapartment.B.Takingawalkafterdinner.C.Startingtorideherbike.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirjobs.B.Theirapartments.C.Theirdrivingexperiences.15.Howdoesthemanfeelabouthispresentsituation?A.Dissatisfied.B.Shocked.C.Satisfied.16.Whatwillthemandothen?A.Drivethecartowork.B.Visitthewoman’sapartmentbuilding.C.Talkwithhislandlady.-28- 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20题。17.Towhomisthespeakertalking?A.Newemployees.B.Foreigntourists.C.Internationalstudents.18.Whataregirlsadvisedtodoinacafe?A.Takecareoftheirbags.B.Don’ttalktostrangers.C.Leavetheplacequickly.19.Whatisthebestplacetoparkacar?A.Besideahouse.B.Onequietroad.C.Inapubliccarpark.20.Whatshouldonedowhenwalkinghomealoneatnight?A.Stopapolicecarforhelp.B.Walkinwell-lightedareas.C.Takeaknifeforself-defense.第二部分阅读理解（共三节，满分44分）第一节（共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AShakespeare’sFamilyHomesPassEntertheworldofShakespeareandseetheplacesthatinspiredagenius,withentrytofivehistoricproperties(房产)inStratford-upon-Avon.Theproperties:Shakespeare’sBirthplace---EnjoyamultimediaexhibitionandlivetheatreHall’sCroft---VisitthetraditionalherbgardensandhomeofShakespeare’sdaughterSusannaAnneHathaway’sCottage---HearreadingsofShakespeare’smostpopularsonnetsMatyArden’sFarm---WatchfalconrydisplaysandtraditionalcraftsShakespeare’sNewPlace---WalkinthefootstepsofShakespeareandexplorewherehewrotesomeofhismosticonicworkslikehisfourtragedies(悲剧).PriceAdult(（18+）)£20Child（3-17）£10Under3:freeConcession（优惠）£1560+andstudents（18-25）withID-28- *Ticketsarevalid(有效)foronevisittoeachofyour5propertiesina72hourperiod,*Pleasenotethatcustomerswhoaredisabledcanbuyaconcessionticketandthenwillbeabletohaveonecareradmittedfree.OpeningdatesandtimesWinterSeason:4November2019-15March2020Shakespeare’sBirthPlace:openMonday-Sunday,10am-4pmShakespeare’sNewPlace:openMonday-Sunday,10am-4pmAnneHathaway’sCottage:openMonday-Sunday,10am-4pmHallsCroft:openMonday-Sunday,11am-4pmMaryArden’sFarm:closed*Shakespeare’sBirthPlace,Shakespeare’sNewPlace,AnneHathaway’sCottage:openonthe24December10am-lpm,closed25-26December.Spring/Summer/AutumnSeason:16March2020-1November2020Shakespeare’sBirthPlaceandAnneHathaway’sCottage:openMonday-Sunday,9am-5pm.Shakespeare’sNewPlace,Hall’sCroftandMaryArden’sFarm:openMonday-Sunday10am-5pmClosingtimeslistedabovearelastentry.Housesclose30minutesafterlastentry.1.Accordingtotheadvertisement,visitorscan________.A.hearShakespeare’ssonnetsatShakespeare’sBirthplaceB.explorewherehecreatedsomeofhismasterworksC.visitthepropertiesmanytimeswiththeticketin72hoursD.visitthe5propertiesfreeofchargeonChristmasDay2.IfTom,whoisdisabled,visitsthepropertieswithhiswifeand13-year-oldson,heshouldatleastpay________.A.£10B.£25C.£30D.£503.LiHua,afanofShakespearefromChina,willvisitShakespeare’sBirthPlaceonJuly25.Heshouldexitatthelatestbefore________.-28- A.4:00pmB.4:30pmC.5:00pmD.5:30pm【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】这是一则旅游广告。游客可以根据广告中提到与莎士比亚有关的地方，去探索他的一些大师作品是在哪里创作的。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段EntertheworldofShakespeareandseetheplacesthatinspiredagenius,withentrytofivehistoricproperties(房产)inStratford-upon-Avon.“走进埃文河畔斯特拉特福的五处历史古迹，你就能领略到莎士比亚的世界，领略到激发天才灵感的地方。”由此可知，根据广告，游客可以探索他的一些大师作品是在哪里创作的。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章中Price：Adult(（18+）)，£20；Child（3-17），£10；Under3:free；Concession（优惠），£15，60+andstudents（18-25）withID和*Pleasenotethatcustomerswhoaredisabledcanbuyaconcessionticketandthenwillbeabletohaveonecareradmittedfree.“请注意，残疾人士可购买优惠票，并可免费安排一名护理人员入住。”由此可知，Tom一家三口可以买一张成人票（£20），一张优惠票（£15），再有一个人是免费的，所以如果残疾的汤姆带着妻子和13岁的儿子去看房子，他至少要付25英镑。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据Spring/Summer/AutumnSeason:16March2020-1November2020中Shakespeare’sBirthPlaceandAnneHathaway’sCottage:openMonday-Sunday,9am-5pm.和Housesclose30minutesafterlastentry.“房屋在最后一次进入后30分钟关闭。”由此可知，来自中国的莎士比亚迷李华将于7月25日参观莎士比亚的出生地。他最迟应该在下午5:30之前离开。故选D。BNewclimate-controljacketshavehelpedpeoplestaywarminsubzeroconditions,andevenmadecowscomfortableenoughtoproducemoremilk.ButitallbeganwithanIndiangraduate’ssimplewishforclothingthatcouldbeusedforboththecoldBostonwintersandheatedMITcampusrooms.Now,theMITgraduatedcompanyhasbegun-28- sellingthejacketsandotherclothesthatallowwearerstocontroltheirlevelofcomfortwithoutaddingorremovinglayers.“Ourproductscangofrom0°Cto100°Cinthepushofabutton,”saidVistakula,founderandCEOofthecompany.“Wehavefourlevelsofheatingandfourlevelsofcoolingthatincludelow,medium,highandveryhigh.”Whenelectricityrunsthroughthejunctionwheretwodifferentmetalsmeet,itcreatesatemperaturedifferencesothatonesideheatsupandtheothersidecoolsdown.Suchheat-exchangeequipmentalsoneedsfanstoblowawaytheheat.“Wewereabletoreducetheweightandgetridoftheneedforafan,”VistakulatoldInnovationNewsDaily.“Thatmadeitverysuitabletoputitintoclothes.”Thecurrentclothingrunsonarangeoflaptopbatteries(电池)thatcansupportuptoeighthoursofhotorcoldcomfort.Asidefromshoes,jacketsandbikehelmets,thestartupalsosellskneeandelbowpacksthatprovidehotorcoldtherapy(疗法)forachingjoints.That’sjustthebeginning,asthe20-personteamtriesmanynewanddifferentapplications(应用)inthesearchtofindwhatworks.Theyhavetheireyessetona“HaemoSave”applicationthatcouldusefreezingtemperaturestocontrolbleeding,andpainduringmedicalemergencies.“That’sataveryearlystage,”Vistakulaexplained.“Itworksforsuperficial(表面的)wounds,butwehavetododeeperwoundsandseewhathappens.”Inanothercase,testswithjacketsadaptedforcowssucceededinenablingthecowstoproducemoremilk.Butthecurrentcostsmeanthatfarmerscan’taffordsuchequipment-atleastnotuntilthecompanyscalesupitsproductionandlowerstheprice.It’sanambitiousgoalbuttheirconfidenceissupportedbythestartup’sinnovation(创新)philosophy.“Naturehasbeeninnovatingforbillionsofyears,soyoujusthavetolookintherightplace,”Vistakulasaid.“Ifyougolookingforanswers,you’llfindthem.”4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thetechnologywerefirstdesignedtocontrolclimate.-28- B.Theclothingisuser-friendlywithasimplepushofbutton.CTheclothingrunsonbatteriesthatcanlastatleasteighthours.D.Theclothingneedsfanstocreateatemperaturedifference.5.AccordingtoVistakula,nexttheyhavetotestwhetherHaemoSavecan________.A.beappliedtoreducepainB.beusedtocontrolbleedingC.functionfordeeperwoundsD.makebodytemperatureslow6.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A.thetechnologydoesn’tworkwellinpracticeB.thetechnologycanbewidelyappliedinlifeC.thecompanywillincreaseproductiontomeetmarketneedsD.thecompanyisnowfacingaveryuncertainfuture7.WhatcanweconcludefromwhatVistakulasaidinthelastparagraph?A.Wecanprobablyinnovateanythinginnature.B.Innovationshouldbeencouragedtoprotectnature.C.Ithastakenbillionsofyearsfornaturetochange.D.WeshouldinnovateasitagreeswithNature.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。新型的气候控制夹克可以帮助人们在零度以下的环境下保持温暖，甚至可以让奶牛舒服地产更多的奶。这说明“科学技术可以广泛应用于生活中。我们应该创新，因为它符合自然。”【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Ourproductscangofrom0°Cto100°Cinthepushofabutton,”saidVistakula,founderandCEOofthecompany.“Wehavefourlevelsofheatingandfourlevelsofcoolingthatincludelow,medium,highandveryhigh.”Vistakula是该公司的创始人和首席执行官，他说:“我们的产品可以通过一个按钮从0摄氏度到100摄氏度。”“我们有四个加热和冷却级别，包括低、中、高和非常高。”由此可知，只需一个简单的按钮，衣服就很人性化。所以B项正确。【5题详解】-28- 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Itworksforsuperficial(表面的)wounds,butwehavetododeeperwoundsandseewhathappens.”“它对表面伤口有效，但我们必须对更深的伤口进行研究，看看会发生什么。”由此可知，根据Vistakula的说法，下一步他们必须测试HaemoSave是否对更深的伤口有效。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Newclimate-controljacketshavehelpedpeoplestaywarminsubzeroconditions,andevenmadecowscomfortableenoughtoproducemoremilk.ButitallbeganwithanIndiangraduate’ssimplewishforclothingthatcouldbeusedforboththecoldBostonwintersandheatedMITcampusrooms.“新型的气候控制夹克可以帮助人们在零度以下的环境下保持温暖，甚至可以让奶牛舒服地产更多的奶。但这一切都始于一位印度毕业生的一个简单愿望:既能在波士顿的冬天穿，又能在麻省理工学院的校园里取暖。”由此可知，从文章中可以推断出技术可以广泛应用于生活中。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段It’sanambitiousgoal,buttheirconfidenceissupportedbythestartup’sinnovation(创新)philosophy.“Naturehasbeeninnovatingforbillionsofyears,soyoujusthavetolookintherightplace,”Vistakulasaid.“Ifyougolookingforanswers,you’llfindthem.”这是一个雄心勃勃的目标，但他们的信心得到了这家初创公司创新理念的支持。Vistakula说:“大自然已经创新了数十亿年，所以你只需要找对地方就可以了。”“如果你去寻找答案，你就会找到它们。”从Vistakula在最后一段所说的，可知“我们应该创新，因为它符合自然。”故选D。CItwasdecadesagonow,butit’sstilloneofthemostmemorableconversationsofmylife.Onalong,slowtrainheadingnorth,withnothingtodobutwatchtherain,themansittingoppositebegantryingtotalktome.Likemostyoungwomenwhohavelearnedthehardwaytobecarefulofstrangers,Iwasunfriendly.Butcuriositytookoverwhenhesaidthathewasjustbored,andlikedtalking.Sothat’swhatwedidforhoursandhoursasthemanturnedouttobequitetalkative.Whenthetrainfinallypulledin,wedidn’tchangenumbers.However,Istillthinkaboutitsometimesonlong,boringjourneys,beforegettingaphoneoutandscrollingsilentlylikeeveryoneelse.It’sararepersonwhocancheerfully-28- breakthesocialruleaboutnottalkingtostrangerswithoutanyillintention,butlifewouldbemoreinterestingifmoreofusknewhowtodoit.Andthat’swhyIcan’tbeascynicalasIprobablyshouldbeabout“TubeChat”campaignlaunchedtoencourageBritonstotalktoeachother.Allanyoneisbeingaskedtodoistostartaconversationtheywouldn’totherwisehavehad—maybewithafriendfromwhomthey’vebeenapartoraneighbortheydon’tknow.Obviously,ittakesmorethanabitofsmalltalkovergardenfencestounitestrangerstogether.Morepeoplelivealonethandidsoagenerationago,andtheriseinfreelancing（自由职业）meansmoreofusworkalonetoo.Wesocializeincreasinglythroughscreens,sendingtextsinsteadofbotheringtocall.It’struethatthe“TubeChat”campaignofafewyearsbackfailedinitsattemptstomakeLondonerstalktoeachotheronpublictransport.ButevencitypeoplewhowouldnormallydieratherthanmakeeyecontactwithstrangersstillhappilygatherinlargenumbersbytheThamesfortheNewYear’sEvefireworks.Theywouldgetafarbetterviewathomeontelevision—it’snotreallyaboutthefireworks,butaboutbeingpartofsomethingcommunal(公共的).There’snoguarantee(保证)thatthislatestcampaigntoreconnectwillsucceedwhereverothershavefailed.Butifthereeveramomenttostopsocialdisbeliefitmaystartafiretowarmaworldthatsometimesfeelscold.Wherevermytrainfriendisnow,________.8.Theauthorintroducedhertrainfriendto________.A.sharehermostmemorablebutboringjourneyB.expressherdeepregretforlosingtouchwithhimC.showthattalkingtostrangerscanaddinteresttolifeD.explainwhypeoplearebecomingindifferent9.Theunderlinedword“cynical”isclosestinmeaningto________.A.doubtfulB.supportiveC.confusedD.disappointed10.TheexampleofLondonersgatheringfortheNewYear’sEvefireworksisusedtoshowthat________.-28- A.“TubeChat”,failedinitsattemptstounitestrangerstogetherB.it’shardtobreakthesocialruleaboutnottalkingtostrangersC.peoplehaveawishtobesociallyconnectedbynatureD.“TubeChat”madesomedifferencetoreconnectingpeople11.Whichofthefollowingbestfitsintheblankinthelastparagraph?A.Ihopehe’sstilltalkingB.IhopeheisstillasinterestingC.IwillmisshimforeverD.Iwilltrytogetintouchwithhim12.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Keepourdesiretoconnect.B.Avoidtalkingtostrangers.C.ShowrespectforsocialdisbeliefD.Socializewithourfriends.【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.A12.A【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己一次火车上和陌生人聊天的愉快经历告诉我们，我们要有和别人交流的想法，这样我们的生活会更有趣。8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一句Itwasdecadesagonow,butit’sstilloneofthemostmemorableconversationsofmylife.可知，距今已有几十年了，但它仍然是我一生中最难忘的对话之一。再结合第二段butlifewouldbemoreinterestingifmoreofusknewhowtodoit.可知，但是如果我们中的更多人知道如何去做，生活会更有趣。由此推知，作者介绍自己火车上的朋友，目的是告诉我们与陌生人交谈可以增加生活趣味。故选C。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据上一段It’sararepersonwhocancheerfullybreakthesocialruleaboutnottalkingtostrangerswithoutanyillintention，butlifewouldbemoreinterestingifmoreofusknewhowtodoit.很少有人能毫无恶意地打破不与陌生人交谈的社交规则，但如果我们中有更多的人知道如何这样做，生活将会更加有趣；再结合划线单词所在句的内容可知，此处划线单词“cynical”的意思是“怀疑”，因为作者认为和陌生人可能会有趣，所以作者不怀疑这项活动。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段ButevencitypeoplewhowouldnormallydieratherthanmakeeyecontactwithstrangersstillhappilygatherinlargenumbersbytheThames-28- fortheNewYear’sEvefireworks.可知，即使是那些通常宁愿死去也不愿与陌生人有眼神接触的城市居民，仍然开心地大批聚集在泰晤士河边，观看新年前夜的烟火表演。由此可推知，从本性上来看，人们希望与社会有联系。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段Butifthereeveramomenttostopsocialdisbeliefitmaystartafiretowarmaworldthatsometimesfeelscold.可知，如果有一个时刻可以阻止社会的不信任，它可能会点燃一堆火来温暖这个有时会感到寒冷的世界。由此可知，作者愿意和陌生人交流或交谈，所以作者还是希望自己的火车朋友还能那么健谈。故选A。【12题详解】主旨大意题。阅读文章，并结合第一段Itwasdecadesagonow,butit’sstilloneofthemostmemorableconversationsofmylife.可知，作者结合自身的经历和一项社会活动“TubeChat”来告诉我们，我们要有和别人交流的想法，这样我们的生活会更有趣，结合选项可知，选项A，符合题意。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thesixthmassextinction(灭绝)isnotaworryforthefuture.It’shappeningnow,muchfasterthanexpectedbefore,andit’sentirelyourfault,accordingtoastudypublishedMonday.Humanshavealreadywipedouthundredsofspecies(物种)andpushedmanymoretotheedge(边缘)ofextinctionthroughwildlifetrade,pollutionandhabitatloss.___13___GerardoCeballosGonzalez,aprofessorofecologyattheNationalAutonomousUniversityofMexico,saidapproximately173speciesdiedoutbetween2001and2014,whichis25timesmoreextinctspeciesthanyouwouldexpectunderthenormal,background,extinctionspeed._____14_____Therehavebeenfivemassextinction(大规模灭绝)eventsintheEarth’shistory,eachwipingoutbetween70%and95%ofthespeciesofplants,animalsandmicroorganisms.Themostrecent,66millionyearsago,sawdinosaursdisappear.ThepasteventswerecausedbyterriblechangesoftheenvironmentThesixthmassextinction-theonehappeningnow-isdifferent:it’scausedbyhumans.-28- _____15_____Butittookmillionsofyearstorestore(恢复)thenumberofspecies.Whenonespeciesintheecosystemdisappears,itdestroystheentireecosystemandpushesotherspeciestowarddestruction.___16___Hundredsofspeciesoffrogsaresufferingpopulationdecreaseandextinctionsbecauseofthechytridfungus(真菌)disease,whichissometimesspreadintonewareasbyhumans.Climatechangeislikelymakingitworse.____17____TheresearchersalsosaidthecurrentCOVID-19showshowthecarelessnesswithwhichpeopletreatthenaturalworldcanbackfirebadlyTheresearcherssaidthisdatahighlightstheurgency(紧急)withwhichtheworldneedstoact.Laterthisyear,theUNConventiononBiologicalDiversityisexpectedtosetnewglobalgoalstofighttheongoingbiodiversity(生物多样性)probleminthecomingdecades.A.Massextinctionsarejustasseriousastheirnamesuggests.B.Thisinterdependency(相互依存)ofdifferentspeciesisbadnewsforhumans,too.C.Butthespeedatwhichspeciesaredyingouthasquickenedupinrecentdecades.D.Wehumansaredestroyingthebiodiversityoftheworldweevolvedinto.E.LifeonEarthhasrecoveredaftereachoftheseevents.F.Theresearchersuseamphibians(两栖动物)asanexampleofthisphenomena.G.Manyspecieshaveevolvedtodealwithclimatechanges.【答案】13.C14.A15.E16.F17.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍第六次大物种灭绝的到来。通过野生动物贸易、污染和栖息地的丧失，人类已经消灭了数百种物种，并将更多物种推向灭绝的边缘。但近几十年来，物种灭绝的速度加快了。【13题详解】根据上文提示“通过野生动物贸易、污染和栖息地的丧失，人类已经消灭了数百种物种，并将更多物种推向灭绝的边缘。”可知，C项Butthespeedatwhichspeciesaredyingouthasquickenedupinrecentdecades.（但近几十年来，物种灭绝的速度加快了。）中的dying-28- outhasquickenedup与上文中的wipedouthundredsofspecies(物种)andpushedmanymoretotheedge(边缘)ofextinction相吻合。故选C。【14题详解】根据空后的内容“地球历史上曾经发生过五次大灭绝事件，每次都有70%到95%的植物、动物和微生物灭绝。”可知，A项Massextinctionsarejustasseriousastheirnamesuggests.（大灭绝正如其名字所暗示的那样严重。）中的Massextinctions与下文的fivemassextinction(大规模灭绝)events相吻合。故选A。【15题详解】根据第3空下文“但物种数量的恢复却花费了数百万年的时间。”可知，E项LifeonEarthhasrecoveredaftereachoftheseevents.（在这些事件之后，地球上的生命已经恢复。）中的recovered与下文中的torestore(恢复)一致。故选E。【16题详解】根据上文提示“当生态系统中的一个物种消失时，它会破坏整个生态系统，并将其他物种推向毁灭。”由此可知，F项Theresearchersuseamphibiansasanexampleofthisphenomena.（研究人员以两栖动物为例来说明这一现象。）是用一个例子在解释上文中所说的现象。故选F。【17题详解】根据下文提示“研究人员还表示，目前的COVID-19表明，人们对待自然世界的粗心会产生严重的反效果。”由此可知，B项Thisinterdependency(相互依存)ofdifferentspeciesisbadnewsforhumans,too.（不同物种之间的相互依赖对人类来说也是个坏消息。）中的badnewsforhumans,与下文的backfirebadly相吻合。故选B。第三节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，按照要求完成文后的问题。Forimmigrant(移民)parents,passingontheirnativelanguagescanbeastruggle.“Youunderstandgrandmotherwhenshetalkstoyou,don’tyou,darling?”Thegirlnods.Johnsonmether—andherDanishmotherandEnglishfather—attheairport,onthewaytoDenmark.Theparentswereeagertodiscusstheirexperienceofbringinguptheirdaughterbilingually(双语)inLondon.Itisn’teasy:thehusbanddoesnotspeakDanish,sothechildhearsthelanguageonlyfromhermother,whohas-28- cometoacceptthatherdaughterwillreplyinEnglish.Thiscanbepainful.Notsharingyourfirstlanguagewithlovedonesishard.Notpassingitontoyourownchildcanbeespeciallyhard.Manyimmigrantparentsfeelasenseoffailure;theyareworriedandsharestoriesonparentingforumsandsocialmedia,hopingtofindthesecrettobringingupbilingualchildrensuccessfully.Childrenarelinguisticsponges(海绵),butthisdoesn’tmeanthatbriefexposure(接触)isenough.Theymusthearalanguagequiteabittounderstandit—anduseitoftentobeabletospeakitcomfortably.Thisismentalwork,andachildwhodoesn’thaveamotive(动机)tospeakalanguage—eitheraneedorastrongdesire—willoftenavoidit.Children’sbrainsarealreadybusyenough.Solanguagesoftenfadeanddiewhenparentsmoveabroad.ConsiderAmerica.Theforeign-bornshareofthepopulationis13.7%,andhasneverbeenlowerthan4.7%(in1970).Andyetforeign-languagespeakersdon’tincrease:todayjust25%ofthepopulationspeaksanotherlanguage.That’sbecause,usually,thefirstgenerationborninAmericaisbilingual,andthesecondismonolingual(单语)—inEnglish,thechildrenoftenstrugglingtospeakeasilywiththeirimmigrantgrandparents.Inthepast,governmentsdiscouragedimmigrantfamiliesfromkeepingtheirlanguages.Thesedays,officialstendtobetolerant;someevenseeavaluableresourceinimmigrants’languageabilities.Yetmanyfactorsensurethatchildrenstilllosetheirparents’languages,orneverlearnthem.18.Findoutorwriteoutonesentencetostatethemainideaofthispassage.19.Theunderlinedword“it”,inParagraph2referto________.20.Restate(重新叙述)themainmeaningoftheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3.21.ThestatisticsinParagraph4areusedtosupporttheideathat________.22.FindoutonewordtoshowtheAmericanofficials’presentattitudetowardimmigrantskeepingtheirlanguages.【答案】18.Forimmigrantparents,passingontheirnativelanguagescanbeastruggle.-28- 19.bringinguptheirdaughterbilinguallyinLondon.20.Childrencanacquirelanguagenaturallyifexposedtolanguageenough.21.languagesoftenfadeanddiewhenparentsmoveabroad.22.Tolerant.【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了移民家庭的母语传承。【18题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段的Forimmigrant(移民)parents,passingontheirnativelanguagescanbeastruggle.是文章主旨，介绍了外籍父母想要下一代传承母语并非易事，下文就这个问题展开阐述。故答案是Forimmigrantparents,passingontheirnativelanguagescanbeastruggle.【19题详解】词句猜测题。it指代上文提到Theparentswereeagertodiscusstheirexperienceofbringinguptheirdaughterbilingually(双语)inLondon.(这对父母很想分享在伦敦用双语抚养女儿的经历)，故答案是bringinguptheirdaughterbilinguallyinLondon.【20题详解】推理判断题。根据下文butthisdoesn’tmeanthatbriefexposure(接触)isenough.Theymusthearalanguagequiteabittounderstandit—anduseitoftentobeabletospeakitcomfortably.可知，但这并不意味着粗略地接触就足够。必须听的足够多直到能够理解，用得足够多直到能够顺畅地表达出来。因此推断划线句：儿童的语言可塑性较强表示“如果接触到足够的语言，孩子们就能自然地获得语言”。故答案是Childrencanacquirelanguagenaturallyifexposedtolanguageenough.【21题详解】推理判断题。第四段第一句Solanguagesoftenfadeanddiewhenparentsmoveabroad.可知，因此，父母移居国外时，母语会越说越少。接下来列举了数据说明，因此第4段中的统计数据用于支持这一想法。故答案是languagesoftenfadeanddiewhenparentsmoveabroad.【22题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的Thesedays,officialstendtobetolerant;someevenseeavaluableresourceinimmigrants’language-28- abilities.(如今，政府倾向于减少干预；有些官员甚至在移民的语言能力中发现了宝贵的资源)可推断，现在美国政府官员对待移民保存自己的语言是容忍的。故答案是Tolerant。第三部分语言知识运用（共三节，满分51分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Wehavetwodogs.Wetookinbothaftertheywereabandoned(抛弃)inthecountry.Theywillrunoffatanychance.____23____myyardisfenced(栅栏),Ihavetokeepthemchained(拴住)toavoidpayinganyfinesfor____24____themfromthecitypound(流浪狗收容所).ThismorningasIwaswalkingthefirstoneout,thesecondranpastmequickly.Icalledforhertoreturn,butshechoseto____25____mywordsandheadedoff.Despitemybest____26____atcalmandpeacefulness,havingadogdisobeymedidmakememad.Anyway,whenIdrovetopickupmydaughterfromschoolIjust____27____tomentionthatCadymightbe____28____.Iaddedthatifshewasputintothepound,Iwouldnotbepayingher____29____thistime.“____30____?”mydaughterasked.“Isitjustthemoney?”“Well,partlyit’sthemoney.Itwillbeprobablyover$100____31____allisdone.ButmostlyitisbecauseIam_____32_____withher?”I_____33_____“Iwillnotkeepsuchadog,never!”Inoticedthatmydaughterhadherheadturnedawayfrommeandhadnotsaida_____34_____wordforover5minutes.“Whydoesthis_____35_____yousomuch?”Iwonderedoutloud.Mydaughtersaid,“Dad,youjustdon’t_____36_____.IfCadyisatthepound,sincesheisthreeyearsoldandnot_____37_____housebroken(训练好的),whowouldpickher?Thatmeanstheywillkillher.”ThenI_____38_____thattheonlyreasonIkeptthedoginthefirstplacewasthatwecouldnotfinda_____39_____forheranddidnotwanthertobe_____40_____byAnimalControl.My_____41_____softened.Aswe_____42_____thedriveway,therestoodCadyintheyard,tailwaggingand-28- readyforsomesupper.Childrenaresuchincredibleteachers!23.A.AsthoughB.IncaseC.NowthatD.Eventhough24.A.recoveringB.removingC.representingD.relieving25.A.considerB.acceptC.ignoreD.grasp26.A.effortsB.devotionsC.memoriesD.indications27.A.happenedB.hesitatedC.occurredD.attempted28.A.barkingB.runningC.rollingD.missing29.A.moneyB.finesC.billD.debts30.A.SowhatB.WhynotC.HowaboutD.Sincewhen31.A.afterB.sinceC.beforeD.until32.A.sadB.angryC.worriedD.embarrassed33.A.suggestedB.realizedC.promisedD.insisted34.A.simpleB.slightC.singleD.suitable35.A.shockB.exciteC.upsetD.confuse36.A.interruptB.mistakeC.helpD.understand37.A.evenB.everC.justD.only38.A.remindedB.rememberedC.foundD.sensed39.A.wayB.homeC.reasonD.time40.A.destroyedB.pickedC.raisedD.fed41.A.mindB.feelingC.heartD.head42.A.brokeintoB.pulledintoC.lookedintoD.raninto【答案】23.D24.A25.C26.A27.A28.D29.B30.B-28- 31.C32.B33.D34.C35.C36.D37.A38.B39.B40.A41.C42.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者收养了两只流浪狗，一只叫Cady的小狗不听话，作者很生气，决定如果被收容所收留，就不再收养它了。女儿的话让作者想起了收养小狗的初衷，改变了主意，作者因此感叹孩子是多么令人难以置信的老师。【23题详解】考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：即使我的院子有篱笆，我也必须拴住它们，避免任何因为发现他们没有进入城市流浪狗收容所的罚款。A.Asthough似乎；B.Incase以防；C.Nowthat既然；D.Eventhough即使。有篱笆还是要拴住他们，是让步关系，故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.recovering寻回；找到；B.removing除掉；C.representing呈现；代表；D.relieving解除；缓解。由上文的tookin和下文的fromthecitypound可知，狗没有进入流浪狗收容所，被发现会被罚款。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喊她回来，但是她选择忽视我的话，冲了出去。A.consider考虑；B.accept接受；C.ignore忽视；D.grasp抓住；掌握。根据下文的headedoff说明第二只狗忽视我叫她回来的话。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管我尽了最大的努力保持冷静平和，有一只狗不服从我确实使我生气。A.efforts努力；B.devotions奉献；C.memories记忆；D.indications指示；表明。根据下文havingadogdisobeymedidmakememad可推断，狗不服从我让我生气，结合despite可知，尽管我尽最大努力保持冷静平和，符合题意。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不管怎么说，当我开车去接女儿放学时，我碰巧提到Cady或许丢了。A.happened碰巧；B.hesitated犹豫；C.occurred发生；D.attempted尝试。happentodosth。由anyway可推断，我碰巧提到了Cady或许会丢失。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.barking吠叫；B.running跑；C.rolling翻滚；D.missing丢失；不见。根据下文Iaddedthatifshewasputintothe-28- pound可知，Cady或许会丢失，进入流浪狗收容所。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我补充说到如果她进入城市流浪狗收容所，这次我不会为她付罚款。A.money钱；B.fines罚款；C.bill钞票；D.debts债务。由上文的toavoidpayinganyfinesfor____2____themfromthecitypound(流浪狗收容所).可知，此处指被罚款。故选B。【30题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：“为什么不？”我的女儿问。“只是钱而已？”A.Sowhat那又怎么样；B.Whynot为什么不？C.Howabout……怎么样？D.Sincewhen自从那时起。根据下文“只是钱而已”可推断，女儿问我为什么不付罚款。故选B。【31题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：搞定一切或许超过100美元。A.after在……以后；B.since自从……以来；C.before在……以前；D.until直到。根据句意可知，在搞定一切之前要花费100美元。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是主要是因为我生她的气。A.sad悲哀的；B.angry生气的；C.worried担心的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据上文havingadogdisobeymedidmakememad可知，我很生气狗没有听我的话。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我坚持“我不会收留这样的狗，绝不”。A.suggested建议；B.realized意识到；C.promised许诺；D.insisted坚持。由never!说明我坚持不收留这样的狗。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我注意到我女儿转开头五分多钟没说一句话。A.simple简单的；B.slight轻微的；C.single单一的；D.suitable适合的。此处用single强调女儿没有说一句话。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这为什么会让你如此不安？A.shock使震惊；B.excite使兴奋；C.upset使不安；D.confuse使困惑。根据上文女儿五分钟没有说一句话可推断，女儿感到不安。故选C。-28- 【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我女儿说：“爸爸，你不理解，如果Cady在收容所里，因为她只有三岁，甚至没有训练好。谁会挑选她？那意味着他们会杀死她”。A.interrupt打断；B.mistake误解；C.help帮助；D.understand理解。上文爸爸坚决不再收养Cady，下文女儿讲述Cady在收容所里可能的遭遇，因此女儿认为爸爸不理解。故选D。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A.even甚至；B.ever曾经；C.just刚刚刚才；D.only仅仅。上文提到Cady才三岁，因此下文说甚至没有受过训练。故选A。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我记得我我们起初收养这只狗的唯一的理由是我们不能为她找到一个家，不想让她被动物管理处毁掉。A.reminded提醒；B.remembered记住；C.found发现；D.sensed感到。下文是我记起的当初收养这只狗的事情。故选B。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.way方法；B.home家；C.reason原因；理由；D.time时间。根据上文theonlyreasonIkeptthedoginthefirstplace可知，我们收养这只狗，给她一个家，因为我们不能给她找到一个家。故选B。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.destroyed毁坏；B.picked挑选；C.raised养育；D.fed喂养。根据上文Thatmeanstheywillkillher.可知，动物管理处会毁掉这只狗。故选A。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的心软了。A.mind思维；想法；B.feeling感觉；C.heart心；D.head头。想起起初收养小狗是为了不让动物管理处杀死她，我心软了。故选C。【42题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们驶入车道时，Cady在院子里，尾巴摇着，准备吃晚饭。A.brokeinto闯进；B.pulledinto开向路边；C.lookedinto调查；D.raninto快速进入。根据上文whenIdrovetopickupmydaughterfromschool可知，我开车去接女儿，因此此处指当我们开车进入车道时。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheInternationalOlympicCommittee___43___(delay)theTokyo2020Olympic-28- GainestonextyearbecauseofthethreattheCOVID-19posestotheworldgenerally._____44_____theIOCandthe2020Olympicsorganizersonceconsidered___45___(hold)theGameswithoutviewers___46___(reduce)theriskofvirustransmission(病毒传播),theJapanesegovernmentalwaysinsistedthattheTokyoOlympicGameswouldbeheldinstadiumsfullofviewers,becausethe___47___(absent)ofsportsfanswouldgreatlyreducethelevelofcompetition.YetthedelayoftheTokyoOlympicswillhaveabigimpactonJapan’seconomy.Thedirecteconomiclosscouldbeabout$6billion,mainlybecauseoftheincreasedoperatingcosts,___48___(include)thecostofvenuemaintenance(场所维护)andrepair.Smallandmedium-sizedJapanesebusinessesinthetourismandcateringsectors,mostof___49___expensesaremadeupoflaborcosts,willsufferthegreatestlosses.ThedelayoftheTokyoGameswillalsohaveahugeimpactonglobalsportevents.Overtheyears,internationalsportsevents___50___(follow)anOlympic-centricschedule,whichensuresthatnootherglobalsportseventsareheldduringtheSummerOlympics.Butnowitcouldclashwith(冲突)suchmajorsportsevents___51___theWorldAquaticChampionshipsandtheWorldAthleticsChampionships.IncompletedatasuggestthedelayoftheTokyoGames_____52_____(force)atleast33majorsporteventstoberescheduled.【答案】43.hasdelayed44.Although/Though/While45.holding46.toreduce47.absence48.including49.whose50.havebeenfollowing/arefollowing51.as52.willforce【解析】本文是说明文。文章阐述了东京奥运因为疫情会被迫推迟以及推迟奥运会给东京带来的巨大经济损失和对其他体育赛事的影响。-28- 【43题详解】考查动词时态。句意：因为Covid-19对世界构成的威胁，国际奥委会推迟东京2020年奥运会到第二年。delay是谓语动词，根据句意可知，“推迟”这一动作已经发生，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响和结果，强调现在的结果，用现在完成时，且主语是单数。故填hasdelayed。【44题详解】考查状语从句。句意：为了减少病毒的传播，尽管国际奥委会和2020年奥运会组织者曾经考虑过没有观众举行奥运会，但是日本政府坚持东京奥运会将在坐满观众的体育馆里举行，因为运动粉丝的缺席将极大降低竞争水平。前后文是让步关系，置句首单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。considerdoingsth.“考虑做某事”是常用搭配。故填holding。【46题详解】考查不定式。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处作目的状语用不定式形式。故填toreduce。【47题详解】考查名词。句意同上。冠词修饰名词，做主语。故填absence。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：然而，东京奥运会的推迟将对日本经济产生重大影响，直接经济损失约为60亿美元，主要是由于经营成本的增加，包括场地维修和修复的费用。including“包括”是介词，构成介词短语做状语。故填including。【49题详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，mostof___7___expensesaremadeupoflaborcosts是定语从句，先行词是Smallandmedium-sizedJapanesebusinesses，在从句中作定语，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。【50题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：多年来，国际体育赛事遵循以奥林匹克为中心的时间表，确保夏季奥运会期间不举行其他全球体育赛事。follow是谓语动词，由时间状语Overtheyears可知，表示从过去一直延续到现在的动作，现在还在进行，故用现在完成进行时或者表示现阶段一直在进行的动作，用现在进行时。故填havebeenfollowing/arefollowing。-28- 【51题详解】考查固定短语。句意：但是现在它可能与诸如世界水生锦标赛和世界田径锦标赛这样的重大体育赛事发生冲突。such…as…“诸如……”是固定短语。故填as，【52题详解】考查动词时态。句意：不完整的数据表明，东京奥运会将迫使至少33项重大体育赛事被重新安排。根据句意可知，迫使至少33项重大体育赛事被重新安排是将来的事情，故用一般将来时。故填willforce。第三节（共6小题；每小题1分，满分6分）根据首字母或中文提示，用第三第四模块所学单词的适当形式完成下列句子。53.Despitethepowercuts,thehospitalcontinuedtof________(正常运转)normally.54.Tokeepfit,you’dbettermakeexerciseapartofyourdailyr________(常规).55.DuetotheoutbreakofCovid-19,busesdonotrunsof________(频繁)betweenthecityandtheairport.56.NoonecouldhavebelievedthatZhangJiacheng,theone-armedteenager,wouldonedaywowtheworldonthebasketballcourtbymeansofs________(社交)media.57.NowadayspeopleinChinaareencouragedtorunastreetstall(摊位)top________(促进)theeconomy.58.It’ssoc________(方便)tobeabletocomparethequalityandpricesfromdifferentonlineshopsbeforeIpurchasesomething.【答案】53.function54.routine55.frequently56.social57.promote58.convenient【解析】【53题详解】考查动词。句意：尽管停电了，医院继续正常运转。function“正常工作”，to是不定式符号，故接动词原形，依据首字母提示，故填function。-28- 【54题详解】考查名词。句意：为了保持身体健康，你最好把锻炼作为你日常生活的一部分。dailyroutine“日常事务”，依据首字母提示，故填routine。【55题详解】考查副词。句意：由于Covid-19的爆发，城市与飞机场之间，公共汽车不经常运行。修饰动词run，用副词作状语，故填frequently。【56题详解】考查形容词。句意：没有人会相信，这位独臂少年张家成，有一天会通过社交媒体在篮球场上惊艳全世界。social“社交的”，修饰名词，用形容词，故填social。【57题详解】考查动词。句意：现在，中国人被鼓励在街上摆摊，以促进经济发展。promote“促进”，to是不定式符号，接动词原形，故填promote。【58题详解】考查形容词。句意：在我购买东西之前，能够比较不同网上商店的质量和价格是如此方便。is是形容词，接形容词作表语，convenient“方便的”是形容词，故填convenient。第四部分书面表达（共1题，满分25分）59.假设你是李华，你校图书馆准备购置一批新书，以下是现有图书的情况（图表）。现广泛征求学生的意见。请发一封邮件至校长信箱，你的邮件内容需包括：（1）描述现有图书情况；（2）你希望购置哪一类图书及理由。注意：1.参考词汇；传记类biographybooks；学科辅导类test-prepbooks2.词数120左右；3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；4.开头语已为你写好。-28- Dearheadmaster,I’mLiHua,astudentfromGrade1,Class1_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourstruly,LiHua【答案】Dearheadmaster,I’mLiHua,astudentfromGrade1,Class1.I’mverygladtohearthatourschoolhasdecidedtobuynewbooksforthelibrary.Althoughourlibraryhasalargecollectionofbooks,Idon’tthinktheycanmeetstudents’needs.Amongallthebooks,test-prepbooksareinthemajority,makingup60percent.20percentofthebooksbelongtobiographyand10percentart.Only15percentareliteraturebooks,whichistoosmall.SoIthinkweshouldbuymoreliteraturebooks,especiallytheonesoftraditionalChinese.Theycannotonlymakeusfeelrelaxedinthebusystudy,butalsobroadenourvisionandenrichourminds,helpingusformtherightattitudetowardlife.Iwouldappreciateitifyouwouldtakemysuggestionintoconsideration.Yourstruly,-28- LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于图表作文，要求发邮件到校长信箱，介绍有关图书的情况和学生的意见。【详解】本篇书面表达要求，假设你是李华，你校图书馆准备购置一批新书，以下是现有图书的情况（图表）。现广泛征求学生的意见。请发一封邮件至校长信箱，你的邮件内容需包括：（1）描述现有图书情况；（2）你希望购置哪一类图书及理由。第一步：审题体裁：提纲式作文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）alargecollectionof；meetstudents’needs；beinthemajority;makeup;belongto;notonly…butalso;broadenourvision;enrichourminds;takeintoconsideration.第三步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了高级句型，如：Althoughourlibraryhasalargecollectionofbooks,Idon’tthinktheycanmeetstudents’needs.使用了状语从句；Amongallthebooks,test-prepbooksareinthemajority,makingup60percent.使用了非谓语动词；Only15percentareliteraturebooks,whichistoosmall.使用了定语从句；Theycannotonlymakeusfeelrelaxedinthebusystudy,butalsobroadenourvisionandenrichourminds,helpingusformtherightattitudetowardlife.使用了并列句和非谓语动词。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。-28- -28- -28-