2022版高考英语一轮巩固达标练Unit1Friendship含解析新人教版必修1

Unit1Friendship李仕才***阅读理解Hewasthereeverymorning,sittingmotionlessonthefrontstepsofhishouse.Inthemorninglight,Icouldseetheshadowsthatwereetched(蚀刻)deepwithinthelinessurroundinghiseyes.EachmorningIwalkedthisroutewithmydaughtertoherkindergartenclass.WewerenewtotheneighborhoodsothatIdidn’tknowmanyofmyneighbors.Ononebeautifulautumnmorning,aswepassedhishouse,mydaughtercalledouttohim,“Hi,Mr.Man!”Alwaystheoutgoingchild,Iwasn’tsurprisedatherenthusiasm.Buthercheerfulnesssoonfadedwhenthemandidn’tlookatherandsay“Hi”back.Aswecontinuedonourwalktoschool,mydaughteraskedwhythemandidn’twanttosayhitoher.BecauseIdidn’thaveananswer,Isaidsimply,“Maybeheishavingabadday.”laterIknewthatBoblosthiswifeinacaraccident.Afewdayslater,asweapproachedBob’shouseonourwaytoschool,mydaughtercalledout“HiMr.Man!”andasusual,hedidn’trespond.Butthensheranontohisfrontlawnandpickedupabeautifulredautumnleaf.Shecontinueduponestepandhandedittohim.Iheldmybreath.Assheskippedbacktome,shesaid,“Seeyoutomorrow,Mr.Man!”Thistime,heacknowledgedher.Inasoftgentlevoice,hethankedherandsaid,“Seeyoutomorrow.”Fromthenon,Bobandmydaughterexchangedgreetingeachmorning.OurfriendshipwithBobcontinuedformanyyears.But,thesweetestdayiswhenBobattendedmydaughter’shighschoolgraduation.Bobgavemydaughteragift---abookonidentifyingvariousplantsandtrees.There,tuckedinthepagesthatdescribedanoaktree,wastheleafmydaughterhadgiventoMr.Manwhentheyfirstmet.Hehaddriedandpresseditandkeptitallthoseyears.1.Whatpuzzledthegirl?A.Thecauseoftheman’ssadnessB.Theshadowsintheman’seyes9\nC.Theman’ssittingstillonthestepsD.Theman’snotansweringhergreeting2.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhisdaughtergavetheredleaftotheman?A.ProudB.NervousC.EmbarrassedD.Comfortable3.WhydidBobkeepthatlittleredleaf?A.ItwasacarefromagirlB.ItwasasymbolofenthusiasmC.ItwasareminderofhispainfuldaysD.Itrepresentedtheknowledgeoftrees4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ASimpleRedLeafB.AStrangeNeighborC.AnUnusualFriendD.AGreetingFromAgirl【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。每天上学的路上，我和女儿总会遇见一位男士，女儿总会给他打招呼，但没有得到答复，有一天当女儿给他摘一片红色的树叶的时候，再次打招呼的时候，这次得到了答复。多年后在女儿毕业的时候，这位男士送给女儿一本书，上面印有各种各样的植物和树，还有女儿曾经送给他的那片树叶，在那片树叶里包含着那位男士痛苦的过去。1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中Buthercheerfulnesssoonfadedwhenthemandidn’tlookatherandsay“Hi”back.及Aswecontinuedonourwalktoschool,mydaughteraskedwhythemandidn’twanttosayhitoher.BecauseIdidn’thaveananswer,的提示可知令那位女孩困惑的是那位男士没有回答她的问候，故选D。3.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中laterIknewthatBoblosthiswifeinacaraccident.的描述可知当时Bob刚刚失去自己的妻子，而女儿的行为让他很感动，所以保存下来这片红色的叶子，从而当作对自己痛苦时光的回忆，故选A。4.A【解析】主旨大意题。根据文中的描述可知这片红色的叶子一直贯穿全文，就是因为它才使故事得以发展，因此，一片红色的叶子就是该文的主旨，故选A。9\n***语法填空MyinterestinChinesefoodstartedyearsago,whenIwasayoungreporterfortheWashingtonPost.Ourofficewasn'tfarfromChinatown,__1__IfoundsomeverygoodChineserestaurants.ThatwasthefirsttimethatI__2__(notice)thefreshtasteofthemeatandvegetablesofChinesefood.WhenIlearnedmoreaboutthefood,Ibegantounderstandwhy__3__hasthisspecialfeature.Manyyearsago,Chinahad__4__energycrisisbecauseitlostmuchofitswoodduetooverpopulationandpoormanagementofitsforests.This__5__(lose)wasverybadforthecountry,ofcourse,butitturnedouttobeverygoodforthefood.Woodbecameveryexpensiveandhardtoget,sotheChinesehadtoeitherfindasubstitutefortheir__6__(value)wood,orlearnhowtouseitbetter.Thereweren'tanysubstitutes,sopeoplefoundwaystoeconomize.Inordertoeconomizeincooking,theyhadtouseverylittlewood.Sotheystartedcuttingtheirmeatandvegetables__7__smallpiecesbeforetheyputtheminthehotoil.Thatway,thefoodcooked__8__(fast)andtheysavedmorefuel.Thefood__9__(prepare)inthiswaykeptitsfreshflavor—andit'sthisflavor__10__attractspeoplefromothercountriestotheartofChinesecooking.1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________　5.________　6.________　7.________　8.________　9.________　10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讲述了中国食物美味的原因。在很多年前，由于中国的木柴缺乏，人们为了节约木柴，就把食物切成小块烹饪，食物很快就熟了，而且保持了鲜美的味道。1．where　考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子成分可知，设空处所填词引导定语从句，补充说明先行词Chinatown，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作状语，表示地点，故填where。2．hadnoticed　考查动词的时态。在“It/This/Thatbethe＋序数词＋time＋that...”句型中，若前面的be动词是一般过去时，that从句使用过去完成时，故填hadnoticed。3．it　考查代词。此处it代指前面的thefood，故填it。4．an　考查冠词。表示“一”的概念时需用不定冠词，因为energy的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。句意：很多年前，中国有一次能源危机。5．loss　考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，was是谓语部分，此处应用名词形式作主语，故填loss。9\n6．valuable　考查词性转换。根据空后的名词wood可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词，故填valuable。7．into　考查介词。cut...into...是固定搭配，意为“把……切成……”，故填into。8．faster　考查副词的比较级。根据后面的more可知，此处应用fast的比较级，故填faster。9．prepared　考查非谓语动词。此处是过去分词作后置定语，表被动，修饰名词food，故填prepared。10．that　考查强调句型。此句去掉it's和设空处后，仍是一个完整的句子，所以是强调句型，且被强调部分是thisflavor，故填that。***完形填空OnedaywhenIwas13，myfamilywasworkinginthefieldstoclearawayoldbrushwhensomehowtheelectricfencesparked(冒火花)and__1__afire.Wedidn'tseethefire__2__ithadblockedthewaytotheonlygate.I__3__tojumpoverthefencetosafetybutthefirewasallaroundus.Icouldonlywatchin__4__astheflamescontinuedtorise.LittledidIknowthatmyfatherhadoncebeena(n)__5__andknewwhattodo.__6__withonlyapumpsprayer，buckets,andhisboots，he__7__downtothenearbypond，filledthebucketsandthesprayer，andbegansprayingthe__8__whilemyolderbrotherthrewwaterwiththebuckets.Soonthewind__9__，however，andwiththeFireDepartmenttoofarawaytoarriveintime，myfatherbegantostamp(踩灭)outtheflamesashemovedtothe__10__，sothatmyfamilywasabletomoveinchbyinchtowardthegate.__11__hearrivedatthegate，hejumpedintothetruck，rolledupthewindows，anddrove__12__thefire.Thenthefirewasputout，andmymotherwaslookingatmyfatherwithher__13__eyes.Afterthat，myfatherbegantellingusabouthisdaysasafirefighter，andmybrotherandIbecame__14__，askinghimwhatotherjobshehaddonebeforehe__15__.Well，itturnedoutthathehaddonejustabout__16__exceptbrainsurgery!Hehadbeeninthemilitaryasacarpenter，carpetlayer，andanelectrician，andhadbuiltB2bombersbeforebeingpoisonedinanaccidentthathad__17__himtoretire.Myfatherhasablooddisorderasaresultofthat__18__，butthathasn'tstoppedhimfrombeingafulltimeelectrician.Toallthosepeoplewhosefathershaveworkedinthemilitaryandinotherdangerousjobs,be__19__ofthem，andrememberthatsomedaytheir__20__might9\nsaveyourlife.1．A.preventedB．permittedC．witnessedD．started2．A.becauseB．unlessC．afterD．until3．A.wantedB．managedC．promisedD．happened4．A.angerB．horrorC．excitementD．embarrassment5．A.carpenterB．electricianC．firefighterD．educator6．A.ArmedB．SatisfiedC．SharedD．Identified7．A.slidB．fellC．dashedD．walked8．A.treesB．grassC．flamesD．flowers9．A.diedoffB．tookonC．turnedoutD．pickedup10．A.fenceB．truckC．furnitureD．bucket11．A.IfB．OnceC．SinceD．While12．A.throughB．alongC．overD．across13．A.highB．wideC．fastD．far14．A.curiousB．suspiciousC．concernedD．anxious15．A.movedB．resignedC．retiredD．suffered16．A.everythingB．nothingC．somethingD．anything17．A.allowedB．encouraged9\nC．invitedD．forced18．A.fireB．accidentC．attemptD．explanation19．A.afraidB．proudC．carefulD．ashamed20．A.cultureB．learningC．skillsD．languages【解题导语】本文作者通过讲述火灾中父亲扑灭大火的故事，告诉我们曾经在部队和做过其他危险工作的父亲将来某一天可能会用他们的技能拯救我们的生命，我们应为他们感到骄傲。【核心词汇】asaresultof由于，因为(其后跟宾语)beproudof为……感到骄傲1．D　根据该句中的“theelectricfencesparked(冒火花)and__1__afire”可知，此处表示一场火灾开始了。D项意为“开始，使开始发生”，符合语境。prevent“阻止”；permit“允许”；witness“目击”。2．D　直到大火堵住了通往唯一的门的路，我们才发现大火。此处考查“not...until...”结构。3．A　根据语境可知，“我”想(wanted)跳过篱笆，到达安全地带，可是大火包围了我们。manage“设法做成”；promise“许诺”；happen“发生”。4．B　由上文可知，大火包围了我们，“我”只能惊恐地看着火焰继续上升。inhorror“惊恐地”；inanger“生气地”；inexcitement“兴奋地”；inembarrassment“尴尬地”。5．C　根据第二段第一句中的“myfatherbegantellingusabouthisdaysasafirefighter”可知，父亲曾经是一名消防员。carpenter“木匠，木工”；electrician“电工”；educator“教育工作者”。6．A　本题考查bearmedwith的省略结构作状语，意为“用……装备或武装”，故选A项。satisfied“满意的，满足的”；shared“共有的”；identified“可辨认的”。7．C　根据语境可知，父亲应该是冲(dashed)向最近的池塘。slide“滑行”。8．C　根据上下文可知，此处指开始用水喷向火焰(flames)。9．D　根据语境可知，此处表示然而很快，风又变强了。pickup“变大，变强”，符合语境。dieoff“相继死去，先后死去”；takeon“呈现，开始具有(某种特征、面貌等)”；turnout“结果是，证明是”。10．B　根据下文中的“hejumpedintothetruck”可知，父亲走向卡车。9\n11．B　考查连词。A项意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句；B项意为“一……就……，一旦”，引导时间状语从句；C项“自……以来，因为，既然”；D项“当……时候，尽管”。由上下文可知，此处指父亲一到达大门，就跳进了卡车里。故选B项。12．A　根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过。through“通过，穿过”，表示运动发生在某物的空间内；along“沿着”；over“在……上面”；across“从一边到另一边，横过”，表示动作发生在物体的表面。13．B　根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过，火最终被扑灭了，所以母亲睁大(wide)眼睛看着父亲。14．A　根据下文中的“askinghimwhatotherjobshehaddone”可知，我们是很好奇的(curious)。suspicious“怀疑的，猜疑的”；concerned“(与某事)有关的，有牵连的”；anxious“焦虑的，不安的，担心的”。15．C　根据语境可知，我们问父亲在退休(retired)之前还做过其他什么工作。下文中的“toretire”也是提示。16．A　根据第三段对父亲退休前工作的描述可知，父亲做过很多事情，所以此处指除了做脑外科手术之外，父亲几乎什么都做过。everythingexcept“除了……之外什么都……”符合语境。17．D　由上下文可知，那场事故迫使(forced)父亲退休。18．B　根据上下文可知，此处指那场事故(accident)。attempt“尝试”；explanation“解释”。19．B　beproudof“为……感到骄傲”符合语境。ashamed“(因自己所做的事而)羞耻的，内疚的，惭愧的”。20．C　根据上文可知，此处指他们的技能(skills)有朝一日可能拯救你的生命。***短文改错Inordertopromoteparticipationinoutdoorsexercise,ourschoolorganizedanactivitytoclimbMountTaionApril10.Themajorityofmyclassmatesjoinedtheactivity.Earlyinthemorning,havingassembledoutsidetheschoolgate,weheadstraighttoMountTai.Wesetoutforthetopinhighspiritswhenthemomentwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Inacourseoftheclimb,wecooperatedwitheachothertopasstherockyandsteepareas.Laughingandcheering,weeventuallyreachedthesummit,whichweweregreetedbythebrightsunshineandfreshair.Viewingfromthetop,thecitywasbeautiful.Bathedinthewarmsunshine,weentertaineduswithstories,songs,dancesandgame.Thiseventwasextremelybeneficialfornotonlydidwetakeabreakfromour9\nheavyschoolworkload,butwealsolearnedhowtocooperate.Therefore,westronglysuggestthatsimilareventsareheldeveryyear!答案：Inordertopromoteparticipationinexercise,ourschoolorganizedanactivitytoclimbMountTaionApril10.Themajorityofmyclassmatesjoinedtheactivity.Earlyinthemorning,havingassembledoutsidetheschoolgate,westraighttoMountTai.Wesetoutforthetopinhighspiritsthemomentwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Incourseoftheclimb,wecooperatedwitheachothertopasstherockyandsteepareas.Laughingandcheering,weeventuallyreachedthesummit,weweregreetedbythebrightsunshineandfreshair.fromthetop,thecitywasbeautiful.Bathedinthewarmsunshine,weentertainedwithstories,songs,dancesand.Thiseventwasextremelybeneficialfornotonlydidwetakeabreakfromourheavyschoolworkload,butwealsolearnedhowtocooperate.Therefore,westronglysuggestthatsimilareventsheldeveryyear!难项分析：第一处：outdoors→outdoor　考查形容词。outdoors意为“在露天，在户外”，是副词；outdoor意为“(在)户外的，(在)室外的”，是形容词，此处需要用形容词修饰名词。第二处：joined后加in　考查介词。join的宾语一般是sb.或组织团体等，表示成为其中的一员。joinin等于takepartin，它们的宾语都是如比赛/竞赛/考试等各种各样的活动。第四处：去掉when　考查连词。“themoment＋句子”用来引导状语从句，意为“一……就”，所以去掉when。***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