【创新设计】（江苏专用）2022高考英语大二轮总复习测试 阅读理解专题专题四　顺藤摸瓜” 明辨词义猜测

【创新设计】（江苏专用）2022高考英语大二轮总复习测试阅读理解专题专题四　顺藤摸瓜”明辨词义猜测Ⅰ.体验高考(2022·课标Ⅰ)Passengerpigeons(旅鸽)onceflewovermuchoftheUnitedStatesinunbelievablenumbers.Writtenaccountsfromthe18thand19thcenturiesdescribedflocks(群)solargethattheydarkenedtheskyforhours.Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreacheditshighestpoint，thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons－anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates，makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdintheworld.Evenaslateas1870whentheirnumbershadalreadybecomesmaller，aflockbelievedtobe1milewideand320miles(about515kilometers)longwasseennearCincinnati.Sadly，theabundanceofpassengerpigeonsmayhavebeentheirundoing.Wherethebirdsweremostabundant，peoplebelievedtherewasaneverlastingsupplyandkilledthembythethousands.Commercialhuntersattractedthemtosmallclearingswithgrain，waiteduntilpigeonshadsettledtofeed，thenthrewlargenetsoverthem，takinghundredsatatime.Thebirdswereshippedtolargecitiesandsoldinrestaurants.Bytheclosingdecadesofthe19thcentury，thehardwoodforestswherepassengerpigeonsnestedhadbeendamagedbyAmericans'needforwood，whichscattered(驱散)theflocksandforcedthebirdstogofarthernorth，wherecoldtemperaturesandspringstormscontributedtotheirdecline.Soonthegreatflocksweregone，nevertobeseenagain.In1897，thestateofMichiganpassedalawprohibitingthekillingofpassengerpigeons，butbythen，nosizableflockshadbeenseeninthestatefor10years.ThelastconfirmedwildpigeonintheUnitedStateswasshotbyaboyinPikeCounty，Ohio，in1900.Foratime，afewbirdssurvivedunderhumancare.Thelastofthem，knownaffectionatelyasMartha，diedattheCincinnatiZoologicalGardenonSeptember1,1914.【语篇导读】　本文叙述了旅鸽逐渐消失的过程。1．Inthe18thandearly19thcenturies，passengerpigeons________.A．werethebiggestbirdintheworldB．livedmainlyinthesouthofAmerica14\nC．didgreatharmtothenaturalenvironmentD．werethelargestbirdpopulationintheUS解析　事实细节题。根据文章第一段所述在18和19世纪，美国大群的旅鸽飞起来可以遮住天空几个小时，所以美国旅鸽的数量是最大的，故选D。答案　D2．Theunderlinedword“undoing”probablyreferstothepigeons'________.A．escapeB．ruinC．liberationD．evolution解析　词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中“Wherethebirdswereabundant...bythethousands”可知旅鸽遭到捕杀，所以ruin和undoing词义相似，故选B。答案　B3．Whatwasthemainreasonforpeopletokillpassengerpigeons?A．Toseekpleasure.B．Tosaveotherbirds.C．Tomakemoney.D．Toprotectcrops.解析　事实细节题。根据文章第二段中“Commercialhuntersattractedthem...soldinrestaurants”可知旅鸽遭到捕杀的主要原因是捕杀者要赚钱。故选C。答案　C4．WhatcanweinferaboutthelawpassedinMichigan?A．Itwasignoredbythepublic.B．Itwasdeclaredtoolate.C．Itwasunfair.D．Itwasstrict.解析　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“In1897，thestateof...for10years”可知通过法律后的10年，鸽群数量仍然不多，所以制定法律为时已晚，故选B。答案　BⅡ.仿真、模拟Passage1体裁：议论文　话题：历史故事　时间：6分钟Themoviesjustwouldn'tbethesamewithoutthewarmbutterytasteofpopcorn.Amazingly，thisdelicioustreatstarteditslifeasacornkernel(玉米粒)—andnotfromjustanycorn.PopcornisatypeofsweetcornthatwasoriginallygrowninMexicoandspreadtoChina，Indiaandelsewhere.Itisthe14\nonlykindofcornthatwillpop.Today，mostoftheworld'spopcornisgrownintheUnitedStates.Everypopcornkernelcontainsatinydropofwater，surroundedbysoftstarch(淀粉)．Whenthepopcornisheated，thewaterturnsintosteam.Thisputspressureonthesurroundinghardkernel，forcingittoexplode.Thesoftstarchincreasesabout40timesinsizeasthecornkernelturnsitselfinsideout.Inthe1500spopcornwasanimportantfoodsourcefortheAztecIndiansofcentralandsouthernMexico.Butitwasn'tonlyfood.Itwasalsousedinceremoniesorinheaddressesandnecklaces.BythetimetheEuropeansarrivedinAmerica，popcornhadspreadthroughmostoftheAmericanIndians.SomeearlyAmericansettlersatepopcornwithcreamandsugarforbreakfast.Butitwasn'tuntilthelate1800sthatpopcornbecamepopular.Thedemandforpopcornincreasedandfarmersbeganfarmingpopcorn.Thefirstmobilepoppingmachinewasinventedin1885，andpopcornwassoldbystreetsellersmuchlikehotdogsaresoldtoday.DuringtheGreatDepressionofthe1930s，thepopcornbusinessstillthrivedaspeoplecouldstillaffordit.Theninthe1950stelevisionarrivedandpopcornconsumptiondecreased.Peoplestayedhomeandstoppedgoingtothetheatre.Butthelinkbetweenmoviesandpopcornhadalreadyexisted.Soonpeoplebeganmakingpopcornathomeonthestove.Later，microwavepopcornwasintroduced.Todaythemovieshaveregainedpopularityandpopcornhasonceagainbecomethefavorite.【语篇导读】　没有温热香甜的爆米花，电影似乎也会失去味道吧。那么，关于爆米花你又了解多少呢？1．Popcornwasfirstplantedin______.A．ChinaB．AmericaC．IndiaD．Mexico解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知答案。答案　D2．Whydoesthecornkernelpopwhenheated?A．Becauseitiscoveredwithsoftstarch.B．Becausethepressureinsideistoobig.C．Becausethestarchbecomesbiggerinsize.D．Becausethereiswaterinsidethekernel.14\n解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三两句可知，玉米粒内的水并不能直接导致它炸开，而是水蒸气产生的压力作用于四周坚硬的内核上，造成它爆炸。故答案选B。答案　B3．Wecanknowfromthepassagethat______.A．popcornbegantobefarmedinthelate1800sB．popcornwasonlyakindoffoodinthe1500sC．hotdogsusedtobesoldbystreetsellersD．peoplestoppedgoingtothemovieswithoutpopcorn解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三两句可知，是在19世纪末期，随着人们对爆米花需求的增长，农民们才开始种植这种玉米。答案　A4．Theunderlinedword“thrived”inthefifthparagraphprobablymeans“______”．A．startedtobepopularB．wasseriouslyaffectedC．sufferedalotD．developedverywell解析　词义猜测题。根据上文的still以及下文的aspeoplecouldstillaffordit可推断出，这里指即使是在经济大萧条时期，因为爆米花仍然是人们买得起的食品，所以爆米花产业仍然发展得很好。答案　DPassage2体裁：记叙文　话题：逸闻趣事　时间：7分钟Therewasonceatinycountrythatwassufferingfromalongdrought.Ithadgonesolongwithoutrainthatthepeopletherewerestartingtogohungrybecauseofthebadharvests.Itjustsohappenedthatagroupofmusiciansweretravelingthecountry，tryingtomakealivingfromtheirconcerts.Butwithsomanyproblemsintheland，noonefeltlikelisteningtomusic.“Butmusiccanhelpovercomeanyproblems，”saidthemusicians，withoutanyonepayingthemtheslightestattention.Sothemusicianstriedtofindoutthereasonitwouldn'train.Itwasverystrange，becausetheskywasovercast，butnoonecouldprovideananswer.14\n“It'sbeencloudylikethisformanymonths，butnotasingledropofrainhasfallen，”peopletoldthem.“Don'tworry，we'llbringraintothecountry，”themusiciansresponded，andtheybeganrehearsingforaconcertatthesummitofthehighestmountain.Everyonewhoheardthemusicwasseizedbycuriosityandwentupthemountain.Andtheconductorofthisstrangeorchestragavetheorder，andthemusiciansbegantoplay.Fromtheirinstrumentscamesmall，playfulmusicalnotesthatroseandroseintotheclouds.Themusicwassojoyous，happyandfun，andthenotesstartedplayingwiththeclouds'soft，fluffybellies，runninghereandthere，upanddown，andthewholeskyturnedintoonebiggameoftickletorture.Beforelong，thegiantcloudswerethunderingwithlaughter.Themusicianscontinuedplayingjoyfullyandafewminuteslatertheclouds，cryingwithlaughter，soakedthelittlecountrybelowwiththeirprecioustears，bringinghappinesstoall.Andinmemoryofthatmusicalrain，everyoneinthecountrylearnedhowtoplayaninstrumentand，takingturns，wouldgoupthemountaineverydaytobringjoytothecloudswiththeirbeautifulsongs.【语篇导读】　一个干旱已久的小国，却因为音乐家们的到来，改变了他们的命运——音乐家通过在山顶上演奏音乐，从而为当地降下了甘霖。为了纪念那场音乐雨，人们开始学习音乐，并轮流到山上为云彩演奏音乐。1．Whydidthecountryhavethebadharvests?A．Becauseit'stoohot.B．Becauseit'stoocold.C．Becauseit'stoowet.D．Becauseit'stoodroughty.解析　细节理解题。根据第一段可知那个国家歉收的原因是因为长期干旱少雨，故选D项。答案　D2．What'stheattitudeofthepeopletowardthemusicians?A．Active.B．Energetic.C．Cold.D．Enthusiastic.解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Butwithsomanyproblemsintheland，noonefeltlikelisteningtomusic.”和“withoutanyonepayingthemtheslightestattention.”可以推出人们对音乐家们的态度是冷淡的。故选C。14\n答案　C3．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraph?A．CloudyB．RainyC．SunnyD．Windy解析　词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“It'sbeencloudylikethis...”可以推出overcast的意思与cloudy意思一样。故选A项。答案　A4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．GreatmusiciansB．MusicforthecloudsC．LaughingcloudsD．Musicrehearsing解析　标题概括题。本文主要讲述了音乐家通过在山顶上为云彩演奏音乐，从而使云彩流动起来，最终降下了期盼已久的雨，为当地人们带来了快乐。由此可以推出文章的标题应选B项。答案　B5．Fromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthatthepeopleinthesmallcountry______.A．hatemusicB．lovemusicC．teachmusicD．practicemusic解析　推理判断题。最后一段中讲到为了纪念那场音乐雨，人们开始学习乐器，并轮流到山上为云彩演奏音乐。由此可以推出人们喜欢音乐。答案　BPassage3体裁：记叙文　话题：人物介绍　时间：7分钟Thesonofapianoproducer，ElwynBrooksWhitewasborninMountVernoninawealthyfamily.Andhewasraisedwiththemixofsophistication(高水平)andcommonsensethatwouldmarkhiswriting.Aftergraduation，ElwynBrooksWhitespentayearasanewspaperreporterinNewYorkCity，andthendecidedtodriveacrossthecountrywithafriend.ThetripgaveElwynBrooksWhitealifetimeofanecdotes.“Whentheyranoutofmoney，”ElwynBrooksWhite'sfriend，JamesThurber，noted,“theyplayedfortheirsupperandtheirgasolineonaninterestingmusicalinstrumentthatElwynBrooksWhitehadmadeoutofsomepiecesofwireandanoldshoe.”14\nWhenElwynBrooksWhitereturnedtoNewYorkCityinthemid1920s，hespentafewyearsbouncingbetweenadvertisingjobsandunemploymentbeforetryinghishandagainatwriting.Notveryseriously，hesentsomeessaystoanewmagazinecalledTheNewYorker.Sinceitsfoundingin1925，themagazinehadstruggledtofindits_niche，andElwynBrooksWhite'sworkhelpedputTheNewYorkeronthemap.Hisessayswerefunnyandsophisticated；theyspokeequallytosocialites(社会名流)andcabdrivers，professorsandrepairmen.Throughhisessays，whichhewrotefornearly50years，ElwynBrooksWhitehelpedgiveTheNewYorkeritsvoiceandidentity.In1945，alreadyaleadingliteraryfigure，ElwynBrooksWhiteswitchedtohissecondoccupationonwritingchildren'sbooks.HemovedfromNewYorktoafarminMaine，whereheraisedchickensandgeese.Seekingawaytoamusehisniecesandnephews，ElwynBrooksWhitestartedtowritestoriesforthem.“ChildrenwerealwaysaftermetotellthemastoryandIfoundIcouldn'tdoit，”hesaid.“SoIhadtogetitdownonpaper.”BythetimehediedfromAlzheimer'sdiseasein1985，ElwynBrooksWhite'sessayshadappearedinmoreliterarycollectionsincollegesthanthoseofanyotherwriter.Manysaidhisessaysmatchedhispersonality:sophisticatedwithoutbeingsimple，criticalwithoutbeingmean.【语篇导读】　本文介绍了ElwynBrooksWhite的生平。1．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A．ElwynBrooksWhitetookthetriptorealizehislifelongdream.B．ThetriphadalastingeffectonElwynBrooksWhite'spersonality.C．ThetravellingcompanionfoundElwynBrooksWhite'smusictalent.D．ElwynBrooksWhitehadmanyexperiencestotalkaboutafterthetrip.解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的第二句话“ThetripgaveElwynBrooksWhitealifetimeofanecdotes.”可知D项正确。答案　D2．Theunderlinedpart“itsniche”inParagraph3meanssomethingthat______.A．suitsitssponsors'tastesB．protectsitssocialidentityC．helpsbuilditsownstyleD．voicesitsauthors'concern解析　词义猜测题。根据画线部分后面的“ElwynBrooksWhite'sworkhelpedputThe14\nNewYorkeronthemap”以及该段最后一句话中的“ElwynBrooksWhitehelpedgiveTheNewYorkeritsvoiceandidentity”可知C项正确。答案　C3．WhatdoweknowaboutElwynBrooksWhite'sworks?A．Theyoriginallycamefromthestoriestoldbyhisnieces.B．Theywereintendedforpeopleofdifferentsocialstatus.C．TheyhelpedTheNewYorkerfinditspositiononthemap.D．Theywerechosenbycollegetextbookswhentheycameout.解析　细节理解题。由第三段的倒数第二句话“Hisessayswerefunnyandsophisticated；theyspokeequallytosocialites(社会名流)andcabdrivers，professorsandrepairmen.”可知，他的作品适合不同社会地位的人。答案　BPassage4体裁：记叙文　话题：热点关注　时间：7分钟Doesstylereallysell?Howcantheappearanceofaproductbemoreimportantthanwhatitdoes?ThebattlebetweenformandfunctionroseagainwhenJamesDyson，BritishinventoroftheDysonvacuum(真空)cleanerthathassoldinmillionsaroundtheworld，resignedaschairmanofLondon'sDesignMuseum.ItiswidelybelievedthatMr.Dysonfeltthatthemuseumputtoomuchstressonstyleattheexpenseofseriousindustrialdesign.Mr.Dysonaccusedthemuseumofnotkeepingtruetoitself.Hemayberight，butthesedays，museumseverywherecannolongeraffordtobeuniquecentersofscholarshipandlearning.Amongcompetitionforsponsorship，theymustuseexhibitionsofpopulistculture，nicecafesandshopsor，bestofall，anewbuildingbyFrankGehrytoincreasevisitornumbers.Ontheonehand，someproducerscanbetoooldfashionedandtooconcernedwiththeimportanceofproductengineeringandthefunctionalityoftheirgoods.Ontheotherhand，therearethosewhobelievethathowaproductlooksismoreimportant.Designisindeedabroadterm，involvingbothfunctionandform.Typically，inanygivenproductarea，itchangesfromtheformertothelatter.Clothingisagoodexample.Butsurelyyouwouldhavetobeaveryshallowpersontothinksomething'sappearanceismoreimportantthanwhatitdoes.14\nTodaynearlyallgoodsatanygivenpricepointdomuchthesamejob.Soalmosttheonlywayproducerscandifferentiatetheirproductsfromthoseoftheircompetitorsistocreatesomesortofemotionalconnectionwiththeconsumer，whichcouldbethroughthevisualappealoftheproductoritspackaging，ortheimagery(意象)createdbyadvertising.AndwhatoftheDysonvacuumcleaner?Mr.Dysonmaybelievethatpeoplebuythesemachinesbecauseofthegraphsshowingtheirsuperiorsuction，butmostvacuumcleanersdoagoodjob；themainreasonpeoplepayextraforaDysonisthatitisavacuumcleanerwithatrendybrand.Withitsinsideworkingsexposed，itisabitlikeaRichardRogersbuildingwithallitspipesshowninbrightcolorsontheoutsideinsteadofbeinghiddeninside.Functionalitmaybe，butitisabitofatrick，too.【语篇导读】　英国吸尘器发明家Dyson因强烈反对设计博物馆太过注重外在的风格样式而辞职，他认为这里应该是研究学问的地方。1．Mr.DysonlefttheDesignMuseumbecausehethoughtthemuseum______.A．didn'tincreasethenumberofvisitorsB．couldn'tprovidescholarshipsforlearnersC．wasn'tloyaltoitsoriginalpurposeoflearningD．didn'thavegreatappealforseriousindustrialdesign解析　推理判断题。由第一段的最后一句话和第二段的第一句可知，他辞职是因为设计博物馆太注重风格样式。他认为这里应该是研究学问的地方，他们的做法违背了这个初衷。答案　C2．Speakingofclothing，theunderlinedword“latter”refersto“______”．A．affordingprotectionB．indicatingone'sidentityC．providingwarmthD．makingsomeonebeautiful解析　词义猜测题。根据文章内容可知，这里的latter指的是前面一句话中的form，即外形。因此D项正确。答案　D3．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A．Aproductwithconvenientpackagingsellswell.B．Themajorityofconsumersprefertobuybrandedgoods.C．Mostsimilarlypricedproductsareofacomparablestandard.14\nD．Emotioncontributesmuchtothedevelopmentofadvertisingindustry.解析　细节理解题。由第四段的第一句可知，大多数指定价格的产品都做着同样的工作，即大多数相似价格的产品都有可比的标准。所以C项正确。答案　C4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheformofaproduct?A．Optimistic.B．Sceptical.C．Disapproving.D．Objective.解析　态度推断题。由最后两段的内容可知，作者认为产品的外形还是很重要的，但也是个小花招，因此作者对产品外形持客观的态度。选D。答案　DPassage5体裁：记叙文　话题：人物介绍　时间：7分钟(2022·宁夏银川一中高三月考)SamWalton，thefounderofWalMart，wasborninKingfish，OklahomaonMarch29,1918.HewasraisedinMissouriwhereheworkedinhisfather'sstorewhileattendingschool.Thiswashisfirstretailing(零售业)experienceandhereallyenjoyedit.Aftergraduation，hebeganhisowncareerasaretailmerchant.HesoonopenedhisfirstWalMartstorein1962inRogers，Arkansas.WalMartspecializedinnamebrandsatlowpricesandSamWaltonwassurprisedatthesuccess.SoonachainofWalMartstoressprangupacrossruralAmerica.Walton'smanagementstylewaspopularwithemployeesandhefoundedsomeofthebasicconceptsofmanagementthatarestillinusetoday.Aftertakingthecompanypublicin1970，Waltonintroducedhis“profitsharingplan”．TheprofitsharingplanwasaplanforWalMartemployeestoimprovetheirincomedependentontheprofitsofthestore.SamWaltonbelievedthat“individualsdon'twin，whileteamsdo”．EmployeesatWalMartstoreswereofferedstockoptions(认股选择权)andstorediscounts.Thesebenefitsarecommonplacetoday，butWaltonwasamongthefirsttoimplement(实施)them.Waltonbelievedthatahappyemployeemeanthappycustomersandmoresales.Healsobelievedthatbygivingemployeesapartofthecompanyandmakingtheirsuccessdependentonthecompany'ssuccess，theywouldcareaboutthecompany.Bythe1980s，WalMarthadsalesofoveronebilliondollarsandoverthree14\nhundredstoresacrossNorthAmerica.WalMart'suniquedecentralized(分散的)distributionsystem，alsoWalton'sidea，createdtheedgeneededtofurtherencouragegrowthinthe1980sduringgrowingcomplaintsthatthe“superstore”wasstoppingsmallerandtraditionalstoresfromdeveloping.By1991，WalMartwasthelargestUSretailerwith1,700stores.Waltonremainedactiveinmanagingthecompany，aspresidentandCEOuntil1988andchairmanuntilhisdeath.HewasawardedtheMedalofFreedomshortlybeforehisdeath.【语篇导读】　本文介绍了沃尔玛公司的创始人山姆·沃尔顿。1962年，他开办了第一家沃尔玛百货商店。经过几十年的奋斗，他使沃尔玛公司成为全球最大的连锁零售王国。他的经营理念现在仍然适用。1．SamWaltonfirstmadeahitinretailingwhen______.A．heworkedinhisfather'sstoreB．hecreatedWalton'smanagementstyleC．achainofWalMartstoressprangupacrossruralAmericaD．hespecializedinnamebrandsatlowprices解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“WalMartspecializedinnamebrandsatlowpricesandSamWaltonwassurprisedatthesuccess.”可知，沃尔玛在低价销售名牌产品时取得了意想不到的成功，因此选D。答案　D2．WhatisthepurposeofWalton'scarryingout“profitsharingplan”？A．Tomakesurealltheemployeeshadtheirownshares.B．Toencouragetheemployeestoworkhardandmakejointefforts.C．Toselectexcellentemployeesforhisstores.D．Tomakemoreprofitforhimself.解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“TheprofitsharingplanwasaplanforWalMartemployeestoimprovetheirincomedependentontheprofitsofthestore.”可知，雇员的收入与商店的利润挂钩，这个计划就是为了鼓励员工努力工作。答案　B3．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．WithWalton'smanagementstyle，employeestreatedthestoresastheirown.B．Waltonwasn'toneofthemerchantswhofirstimplementedstockoptions.C．ThesmallerandtraditionalstoreswerewellaffectedbyWalton'sstores.D．Inhisoldage，Waltongaveallthemanagementtohismen.14\n解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“Healsobelievedthatbygivingemployeesapartofthecompanyandmakingtheirsuccessdependentonthecompany'ssuccess，theywouldcareaboutthecompany.”可知，沃尔顿的经营理念就是让员工把公司当成自己的一样去关心。答案　A4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“edge”inthelastparagraphmeanhere?A．Danger.B．Disadvantage.C．Advantage.D．System.解析　词义猜测题。根据上下文内容可知，沃尔顿的想法是让沃尔玛独特的分散配送体系创造优势以进一步鼓励发展，因此edge表示“优势”，故答案为C。答案　CPassage6体裁：议论文　话题：积极人生　时间：7分钟(2022·河南新乡许昌平顶山高三调研)GretchenAlexanderissightless.Butsherefusestoallowherblindnesstolimitherlifeactivities.Sheenjoysarchery，golf，softball，sailingandwaterskiing，aswellasanumberofotheractivitiesthatthoseofuswhoaresightedhaveyettolearn.Shealsospeakstogroupsaboutlivinglifefully.Whenspeakingtoagroupofhighschoolstudents，shewasonceaskediftherewasanythingshewouldn'ttry.“I'vedecidedtoneverskydive，”sheanswered.“Itwouldscaretheheckoutofmydog.”Whydosomepeopleriseabovetheirproblemsandlivelifefully，whileothersbecomedefeated?MerleShainexplainsitthisway：“Thereareonlytwowaystoapproachlife:asavictimorasagallantfighter.Andyoumustdecidewhetheryouwanttoactortoreact...”Whendiscouraged，avictimreacts，perhapsinpainorselfpity.Butafighterwillact.Afighterwillmakeadecisiontochangethatsetofcircumstancesthatlefthimorherdiscouraged.Orafighterwilldecidetoacceptthosecircumstanceswithgraceandmoveaheadanyway.Afighterwilldecidetoactwithcourage.Afighterwilltakeresponsibilityforhisorherhappiness.Nomatterhowafraid，afighterwillrefusetogiveintothemostdefeatingofallhumanemotions—helplessness.Avictimreacts.Afighteracts.It'syourdecision.It'sadecisionaboutwhetheryouwillliveyourlifefullywithcourage，oryouwill14\nbeforeverdefeatedbyharshcircumstances.Makeitwell，foritmaybeoneofthemostimportantdecisionsyouevermake.Willyoubeavictimoragallantfighter?【语篇导读】　这是一篇议论文。文章以GretchenAlexander为例，论述了在生活中当你遇到不愉快的事情时，你应该做一名受害者还是做一名勇敢的战士。1．Thebesttitleforthisarticlewouldbe______.A．GretchenAlexander'sLifeB．MerleShain'sAttitudetoLifeC．VictimsandFightersD．TheWayofLife解析　标题归纳题。文章的最后一段“Willyoubeavictimoragallantfighter？”点出了文章主题。故C项最适合作为文章标题。答案　C2．WhatcanwelearnaboutGretchenAlexanderfromthispassage?A．Sheismoreathleticthanthoseofuswhoaresighted.B．Sheisdiscouragedwhenherdogisscared.C．Thereisnolimitationtoherlifeactivities.D．Sheisabravefighter.解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“GretchenAlexanderissightless.Butsherefusestoallowherblindnesstolimitherlifeactivities.”和“Shealsospeakstogroupsaboutlivinglifefully.”可知，GretchenAlexander在生活中是一位勇敢的战士。答案　D3．Theunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto“______”．A．lifeB．choiceC．courageD．circumstance解析　词义猜测题。从下文的“foritmaybeoneofthemostimportantdecisionsyouevermake”可知，画线词的含义是“选择”。答案　B4．Thethirdparagraphmainlytalksabout______.A．thedifferencebetweenavictimandafighterB．thereactionstohelplessnessC．decisionmakingD．afighter'sresponsibility14\n解析　段落大意题。本段主要介绍了受害者和战士在遇到一些不好的事情时各自不同的表现——受害者是有反应，而战士则是行动起来。故选A。答案　A14