【金识源】(走向高考)2022高考英语一轮总复习 第二部分 Unit 1 Women of achievement课后强化作业 新人教版必修4
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Unit1 WomenofachievementⅠ.单词拼写1.Nomatterwhichcountryyoutravelto,youshould________(遵守)thelawoftheland.2.Havingalargefamilyto________(支撑,养活),hetookuptwoparttimejobsinhissparetime.3.Heissuchagreatmanthatallofusshowour________(尊敬)forhim.4.Thelittleboy'sbad________(行为,举止)atthepartymadehisparentsupset.5.Herresearchshowedthe________(关系)betweenchimpsandhumanbeings.6.PaulRobertson's________(成就)asbothanactorandaconcertperformergainedhisinternationalrecognitionintheearly1940's.7.Wehadan________(争论)aboutpolitics.8.Sheisdueto________(发表)alectureongeneticengineering.9.________(激励)bytheteacher'swords,heisdeterminedtostudyharderthanbefore.10.Hethinksit________(值得的)todevoteallhislifetoteachingsincehehaswongreatrespectfromhisstudents.答案:1.observe 2.support 3.respect 4.behaviour 5.connections 6.achievements 7.argument 8.deliver 9.Inspired10.worthwhileⅡ.完成句子1.如今,越来越多的年轻人花太多的时间来上网。Nowadaysmoreandmoreyoungpeople________________________________________surfingtheInternet.2.尽管穷,他们也不应该受到轻视。Althoughpoor,theyshouldnot________________________________.3.冬季流感爆发时要尽可能多喝些水。Whenflubrokeoutinwinter,drink________________________________________.4.当人群涌入时,我碰巧遇见一位朋友。Whenthepeople________________,I______________afriendofmine.5.只有当我长大成人的时候,我才会嫁给一个我爱的人。OnlyafterIgrowup________________________amanthatIlove.答案:1.devotetoomuchtimeto 2.belookeddownupon/on 3.asmuchwateras8\npossible 4.crowdedin;cameacross 5.canImarryⅢ.单项填空1.When______anewword,you'dbetter______adictionary.A.comeacross;refertoB.comingacross;consultC.comingacross;lookupD.comeacross;lookthrough答案:B 考查短语。句意:当遇到新词时,你最好查查词典。comeacross“遇到,发现”;consult“查询”。2.FromMum'slove,patienceandunderstanding,Ihavelearnedwhatahugeresponsibility________istoraiseachild.A.it B.thatC.thisD.one答案:A 考查it的用法。句意:从母亲的爱、耐心和理解中,我知道了养育孩子是多么重大的职责。it指代不定式toraiseachild。3.Strangelyenough,somebooks______forchildrenhavebecomepopularamongadults!A.intendedB.tointendC.intendingD.intend答案:A 考查非谓语动词。句意:奇怪的是,一些为孩子们写的书在成年人中很受欢迎。beintendedfor“为……而(做、建);供……用”,因此intend与books之间构成逻辑上的被动关系,因此用过去分词。4.—Mum,canIhaveanotherpieceofbread?—________.A.BehaveyourselfB.HelpyourselfC.YougotitD.Youarewelcome答案:B 考查交际用语。Helpyourself“请自己动手用餐吧”。再如:Helpyourselftothisapplepie.请吃点苹果馅饼。behaveyourself“行为规矩些”;yougotit“你理解了它”;youarewelcome“没事,不客气”。5.Itisrequiredthatalltrafficparticipantsshould________thetrafficrulestomaketrafficsaferandfaster.A.performB.possessC.observeD.support答案:C 考查动词。observethetrafficrules“遵守交通规则”。8\n6.Itisvery________ofyounottotalkaloudwhilethebabyisasleep.A.concernedB.carefulC.considerableD.considerate答案:D 考查形容词。句意:你真是太体贴人了,小孩睡觉时不大声说话。considerate“体贴人的,考虑仔细的”;concerned“担心的,忧虑的”;careful“仔细的,认真的”;considerable“相当多的”。7.Iwouldn'tthinkit________toaskhimto________theclub—he'llonlyrefuse.A.worthwhile;joinB.worthwhile;joininC.worth;joinD.worth;joinin答案:A 考查句式和词汇辨析。worth后接doing,不接不定式,因此排除C、D两项;jointheclub“加入俱乐部”。joinin后加活动。8.Iwasabouttogiveupmyeffortwhenagoodidea________me.A.attractedB.beatC.caughtD.hit答案:D 句意:我正要放弃努力时,突然想到了一个好主意。hit在此表示“突然想到”。9.—Whatwilltheshopownerdonext?—Hewillhaveallthesegoodsordered________tothecustomerstoday.A.todeliverB.deliveringC.deliveredD.deliver答案:C 考查句式。答语句意:今天,他将让人把人们预定的所有货物发送出去。ordered在此处作后置定语,所考固定搭配是havesth.done。10.(2022·滨州模拟)________Iamdeterminedtodosomething,IwillsticktoitnomatterwhatdifficultyIface.A.UnlessB.BeforeC.ThoughD.Once答案:D 句意:一旦我决定干某事,不管有多大困难我都要坚持。unless“除非”;before“在……之前”;though“虽然”;once“一旦”,故D项符合句意。11.(2022·长春统考)Itisdifficultforusto________aconversationwithallthisnoisearoundus.A.carryonB.accountforC.bringupD.getacross答案:A 句意:周围的噪音使我们很难继续我们的谈话。carryon“继续”符合句意。8\n12.Onlywhenhestartedtoexplain________thereasonforthis.A.sherealizedB.didsherealizeC.shehadrealizedD.hadsherealized答案:B “only+状语从句”放在句首时,主句部分倒装,把助动词提前。句意:直到他开始解释的时候,她才了解这件事的原因。13.They________thetrainuntilitdisappearedinthedistance.A.sawB.watchedC.noticedD.observed答案:B 句意:他们看着火车,直到它在远处消失。watch“注视”,符合语境。see“看见”;notice“注意”;observe“观察,遵守”。14.Shewasyoungandpretty,andshelovedchildren.Mypupils,Donnieincluded,all________herverymuch.A.respectedB.dislikedC.avoidedD.minded答案:A 句意:她年轻、漂亮,爱孩子们,我的学生们,包括唐尼,都非常尊敬她。根据句意,此处要用respect,表示“尊敬”。dislike“不喜欢”;avoid“避免”;mind“介意”。15.(2022·东城区第二次联考)Thebasketballcoach,aswellashisteam,________interviewedshortlyafterthematchfortheiroutstandingperformance.A.wereB.wasC.isD.are答案:B 考查时态和主谓一致。由aswellas连接的两个词或短语做主语时,谓语动词的单复数的判定由第一个词或短语决定。因此此句由Thebasketballcoach决定用单数;再由时间状语shortlyafterthematch可知用一般过去时。Ⅳ.阅读理解A(2022·河北重点中学联考)ScientistsatHarvardUniversityandBatesCollegefindfemalechimpanzees(黑猩猩)appeartotreatsticksasdolls,carryingthemarounduntiltheyhavechildrenoftheirown.Youngmalesengageinsuchbehaviormuchlessfrequently.ThenewworkbySonyaM.KahlenbergandRichardW.Wrangham,describedthisweekinthejournalCurrentBiology,providesthefirstevidenceofawildnonhumanspeciesplayingwithdolls,aswellasthefirstknownsexdifferenceinawildanimal'schoiceofplaythings.8\nThetworesearcherssaytheirworkaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethathumanchildrenareprobablybornwiththeirownideasofhowtheywanttobehave,ratherthansimplymirroringothergirlswhoplaywithdollsandboyswhoplaywithtrucks.Dollplayamonghumanscouldhaveitsoriginsinobject—carryingbyearlierapes(猿类),theysay,suggestingthattoyselectionisprobablynotdueentirelytosocialization.“Inhumans,thereareobvioussexdifferencesinchildren'stoyplay,andtheseareremarkablysimilaracrosscultures,”saysKahlenberg.“Whilesocializationbyeldersandpeershasbeentheprimaryexplanation,ourworksuggeststhatbiologymayalsohaveanimportantroletoplayinactivitypreferences.”In14yearsofdataonchimpanzeebehaviorattheKibaleNationalParkinUganda,KahlenbergandWranghamcountedmorethan100examplesofstickcarrying.Someyoungchimpanzeescarriedsticksintothenesttosleepwiththemandononeoccasionbuiltaseparatenestforthestick.“Wehaveseenjuvenilesoccasionallycarryingsticksformanyyears,andbecausetheysometimestreatedthemratherlikedolls,wewantedtoknowifingeneralthisbehaviortendedtorepresentsomethinglikeplayingwithdolls,”saysWrangham,aProfessoratHarvard.“Ifthedollhypothesis(假设)wasright,wethoughtthatfemalesshouldcarrysticksmorethanmalesdo,andthatthechimpanzeesshouldstopcarryingstickswhentheyhadtheirfirstchild.Wehavenowwatchedenoughyoungchimpanzeestoprovebothpoints.”文章大意:动物心理是科学家们研究的一个重要领域。在黑猩猩的世界里,雌性黑猩猩常把棍子当作洋娃娃抱在怀里,而雄性黑猩猩却较少这样做。这是为什么呢?1.Whatdoesafemalechimpanzeedowithsticks?A.Shegivesthemtoherchildtoplaywith.B.Shetreatsthemasdolls.C.Shemakesusefultoolsfromthem.D.Shetreatsthemasweapons.答案:B 细节理解题。由第一段“ScientistsatHarvardUniversityandBatesCollegefindfemalechimpanzees(黑猩猩)appeartotreatsticksasdolls”可知。2.Whatcausesthedifferenttoyselectionofchimpanzees,accordingtothepassage?A.Sexdifference.B.Socialization.C.Environment.D.Culturaldifference.答案:A 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话“Youngmalesengageinsuchbehavior8\nmuchlessfrequently.”可知。3.Wecaninferfromthefourthparagraphthat________.A.socializationhasnothingtodowithhuman'schoiceofplaythingsB.sexdifferenceistheonlyfactorinhuman'schoiceofplaythingsC.thebiologyfactormayalsoinfluencetoychoiceD.peoplechoosedifferenttoysindifferentcultures答案:C 细节理解题。由第四段“ourworksuggeststhatbiologymayalsohaveanimportantroletoplayinactivitypreferences”可知。4.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.A.bothhumansandchimpanzeeschoosetheirplaythingsduetosexdifferenceB.differentfactorscausehumansandchimpanzeestochoosedifferentplaythingsC.onlyfemalechimpanzeeshaveplaythingsD.chimpanzeesusuallychooseplaythingsfortheirchildren答案:A 推理判断题。文章讲到,雌性黑猩猩常把棍子当作洋娃娃抱在怀里,而雄性黑猩猩却较少这样做;同时还提到,女孩子和男孩子玩的玩具不同。故选A项。B(2022·淄博一模)MaricelApatan,22,standsinthekitchenoftheEdsaShangiLaHotelinManila,preparingtodecorateacheesecake.Itwouldseemtobearoutinetaskforacakechef,butMaricelisnoordinarychef—shehasnohands.MaricelhascomealongwaysincethedayinSeptember2000whensheandherunclewereattackedneartheirfarm.Fortunately,bothofthemsurvived,butthe11yearoldgirllostherhands.In2022,sheenteredaManilatrainingcentreforpeoplewithdisabilities.Shelearnedhowtowriteanddohouseworkand,moreimportantly,cametotermswithherdisability.Aftergraduationfromhighschool,shetookatwoyearHotelandRestaurant8\nManagementcourseandflourishedeventhoughshewastheonlydisabledstudentinthecourse.AftershemovedbacktoManilatocontinueherstudies,themediastartedreportingonthisdeterminedyoungwoman.Shedidn'tshyawayfromtheattention.“Iwantedotherslivingwithdisabilitiestobelieveit'spossibletoliveanormallife,”Maricelsays.WhenmanagersattheEdsaShangriLaHotelsawMaricelontelevision,theyhiredheraspartofthehotel'sCareforPeopleproject.Shehasalsoaccomplishedhergoalofinspiringothers.OneofthemisRonelynCalumpiano,a21yearoldwithcerebralpalsy(脑瘫).ShesawMaricelontelevisionandwasmovedbyherconfidence.RonelynwillsoonstartclassesandisalreadyplanningacareerinIT.Maricel'sthreeyoungersistershavemovedtoManila.Shepaysfortherentoftheirsmallapartment,whiletheirparentslookaftertheirfamilyfarminMindanao.“ItisdifficulttomakeendsmeetbutIdon'tlosehope.Ibelieveanythingispossibleifyoudream,workhardandpray.”文章大意:22岁的MaricelApatan是一位失去了双手的残疾人,但是她没有放弃希望,努力自立自强。5.“Maricelisnoordinarychef”because________.A.sheisbetterthanotherchefsB.sheisphysicallydisabledC.shecandoaroutinetaskD.sheisgoodatdecoratingcakes答案:B 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句话“Itwouldseemtobearoutinetaskforacakechef,butMaricelisnoordinarychef—shehasnohands.”可知,Maricel没有了双手,是一位残疾人。6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutMaricel?A.Shesurvivedwhileheruncledidnot.B.Shedidn'tshyawayfrompublicattention.C.Shehasinspiredsomedisabledpeople.D.Shemanagedtomakealivingbyherself.答案:A 细节理解题。由第二段第二句话“Fortunately,bothofthemsurvived,butthe11yearoldgirllostherhands.”可知,她们二人都幸存了下来。所以A项错误。7.Theunderlinedword“flourished”inParagraph3issimilarinmeaningto________.A.wasrejectedB.wasemployed8\nC.recoveredwellD.developedwell答案:D 猜测词义题。所在句意是“她参加了课程培训,而且学习得很好,尽管她是班上唯一的一位残疾学生”。8.Accordingtothetext,Ronelyn________.A.worksinanITcompanyB.wasinspiredbyMaricelC.oncelivedinMindanaoD.hasalreadystartedclasses答案:B 细节理解题。由第四段最后三句话可知,Ronelyn受到了Maricel的鼓舞,准备接受培训,在IT业从事工作。9.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthetext?A.Weshouldbedeterminedandneverlosehope.B.Weshouldn'tlookdownuponthedisabled.C.Weshouldhelpthosewhosufferdisabilities.D.Weshouldfeelsympathyfortheunfortunate.答案:A 推理判断题。由文章大意可知,我们应当学习Maricel的事迹,从中学习她坚强的毅力和不放弃的精神。8
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