北京市2022高考英语一轮复习 练习手册（1）（含解析）新人教版

北京市2022高考英语（新人教版）一轮复习练习手册（1）附详细解析必修1Unit1Friendship课时作业(一)　[必修1　Unit1Friendship](限时：35分钟)完形填空TheotherdayIwastalkingtoastrangeronthebus;hetoldmethathehadagood1inChicagoandhewonderedif,byanychance,I2toknowhim.Foramoment,Ithoughthemightbe3,butIcouldtellfromtheexpressiononhisfacethathewasnot.Hewas4.Ifeltlikesayingthatitwasridiculous(可笑的)to5thatoutofallthemillionsofpeopleinChicagoIcouldpossiblyhaveeverbumpedintohisfriend.But,6,IjustsmiledandremindedhimthatChicagowasavery7city.Henodded,andIthoughthewasgoingtobecontenttodropthesubjectandtalkaboutsomethingelse.ButIwaswrong.Hewassilentforafewminutes,andthenhe8totellmeallabouthisfriend.Hisfriend’smain9inlifeseemedtobetennis.Hewasanexcellenttennisplayer,andhe10hadhisowntenniscourt.Therewerealotofpeoplewithswimming11,yettherewereonlytwopeoplewithprivatetenniscourt;hisfriendinChicagowasoneofthem.ItoldhimthatIknewseveral12likethat,includingmybrother,whowasdoctorinCalifornia.He13thatmaybethereweremoreprivatecourtsinthecountry,thanhe14buthedidnotknowofanyothers.Thenheaskedme15mybrotherlivedinCalifornia.WhenIsaidSacramento,hesaidthatwasacoincidence16hisChicagofriendspentthesummerinSacramentolastyearandhelivednextdoortoa17whohadatenniscourtinhisbackyard.IsaidIfeltthatreallywasacoincidence(巧合)becausemynext-doorneighbourhadgonetoSacramentolastsummerandhad18thehousenexttomybrother’shouse.Foramoment,westaredateachother,butwedidnotsayanything.“Wouldyourfriend’snamehappentobeRolandKirkwood?”Iaskedfinally.He19andsaid,“Yes.Wouldyourbrother’snamehappentobeDrReyHunter?”Itwas10\nmy20tolaugh.“Yes,”Ireplied.1.A.brotherB.teacherC.neighbourD.friend2.A.managedB.happenedC.triedD.wanted3.A.expectingB.lyingC.jokingD.talking4.A.funnyB.seriousC.carefulD.disappointed5.A.thinkB.findC.realizeD.see6.A.indeedB.actuallyC.insteadD.exactly7.A.famousB.interestingC.noisyD.big8.A.beganB.stoppedC.refusedD.failed9.A.problemB.interestC.choiceD.work10.A.justB.everC.evenD.surely11.A.suitB.habitC.poolsD.river12.A.peopleB.playersC.strangersD.friends13.A.advisedB.arguedC.admittedD.announced14.A.recognizedB.realizedC.visitedD.found15.A.howB.whetherC.whenD.where16.A.becauseB.ifC.thenD.though17.A.doctorB.friendC.neighbourD.player18.A.hiredB.visitedC.designedD.sold19.A.smiledB.laughedC.criedD.nodded20.A.chanceB.pleasureC.timeD.turn1~5DBCBA6~10CDABC11~15CACBD16~20AAABD******************************************************结束10\nⅠ.单项填空1．________aboutthestudent，theteachercalledhisparentstofindoutwhyhewassooftenabsentfromclass.A．ConcerningB．ConcernC．ConcernedD．Toconcern2．Withalotofdifficultproblems________，themanagerfeltlikeacatonhotbricks.A．tosettleB．settlingC．settledD．beingsettled3．Asthequalityofthecity'saircontinuestogiveriseto________，theresidentsareencouragedtosetofffewerfireworks.A．concernsB．compromiseC．descriptionsD．emergency4．Thepoliceaskedhimto________whathehadseeninareport.A．lookforB．takeinC．giveupD．setdown5．It'stheloveandresponsibilitythathavedrivenhimto________manyhardshipsandsurvive.A．gointoB．gothroughC．lookthroughD．lookinto6．Thenaughtyboyisabithardtodealwith，which________thetroubleadaptingtothenewenvironment.A．makesforB．addstoC．focusesonD．devotesto7．Thepoliceofficersinourcityworkhard________therestofuscanliveasafelife.A．incaseB．asifC．inorderthatD．onlyif8．Theschoolrulesstatethatnochildshallbeallowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday，________accompaniedbyanadult.A．onceB．whenC．ifD．unless9．Whatisit________makeshimareliableman?A．whatB．thatC．whichD．how10．Weshouldconsiderthestudents'request________theschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.A．thatB．whenC．whichD．where11．Samalwayspronouncesmynamewrong.Doyouthinkhedoesit________？A．atpresentB．onpurposeC．attheendD．rightaway12．AssoonaslittleTomhad________alittlefromshock,hisfirstthoughtwastogetaway.A．returnedB．absorbedC．survivedD．recovered13．Thisisthefirsttimethatwe________afilminthenewlybuiltcinema10\ntogether.A．seeB．hadseenC．haveseenD．saw14．Thereporterhaswritten________articlesaboutairpollution,hopingtocalltheattentionofallpeopletotheproblem.A．aseriesofB．agreatdealofC．aplentyofD．alargeamountof15．________theproductionupby60%，thecompanyhashadanotherexcellentyear.A．ForB．AsC．BecauseD．WithⅡ.完形填空AftertheearthquakehitnortheastofJapanonMarch11，2022，manytouchingstoriesthatIsawwithmyowneyeshappenedaroundme.Ihadtowalkhomesinceallthe__16__hadstoppedafterthequake.OnmywayhomeI__17__anoldJapaneseladyatthebakeryshopwhowasgivingoutfreebread，whichmademyheart__18__．AmiddleagedJapanesemanwasholdingasignthatsaid，“Pleaseuseour__19__．”Hewas__20__hishouseforpeopletogototherestroom.Myfriendwantedto__21__others.Hestoodinthecoldwithasign“Ifyouareokaywithamotorcycle，Iwill__22__youtoyourhouse.”AndthenIsawhimtakeonegentlemanhome，allthewaytoafarawayplace!ThenthenextdayIdroveto__23__mycarwithgas.Therewasa__24__ofgasnowandmanygasolinestationswereeitherclosedorhadvery__25__lines.Igot__26__，sinceIwasbehind15cars.Finally，whenitwasmy__27__，themansmiledandsaid，“__28__thissituation，weareonlygiving$30worthofgasperperson.Isthatallright？”“Ofcourse.I'mjustgladthatweareallableto__29__”，Isaid.Hissmilegavemesomuch__30__．Isawamanattheevacuation(疏散)center__31__whenpeoplebroughtfoodtohim.Itwasthefirsttimeinthreedaysthatfoodhadbeenbroughttotheircenter.However，afterhewipedthetears，hisnext__32__surprisedme.“Iamvery__33__thatweareprovidedwithfood.Butpeopleinthecitynexttoushaven't__34__anyfoodatall.Pleasegotothatcenteraswell.”Andwhenhearingthat，Irealizedthereisabrightfutureontheothersideofthis__35__．16．A.trafficB．rescueC．communicationD．business17．A.missedB．caughtC．noticedD．heard18．A.hungryB．softC．brokenD．warm19．A.toiletB．hotelC．hospitalD．house20．A.advertisingB．openingC．repairingD．decorating21．A.encourageB．saveC．chargeD．assist22．A.driveB．followC．leadD．send23．A.startB．fillC．checkD．wash10\n24．A.plentyB．lackC．varietyD．diversity25．A.directB．straightC．longD．short26．A.worriedB．luckyC．excitedD．annoyed27．A.timeB．turnC．dutyD．decision28．A.ApartfromB．TogetherwithC．BecauseofD．Insteadof29．A.shareB．offerC．tolerateD．transform30．A.comfortB．pleasureC．troubleD．entertainment31．A.waitingB．grabbingC．sleepingD．crying32．A.promisesB．rolesC．actionsD．remarks33．A.upsetB．gratefulC．surprisedD．proud34．A.boughtB．suppliedC．preparedD．received35．A.cityB．centerC．lessonD．disasterⅢ.阅读理解Youarebusyfillingouttheapplicationformforapositionyoureallyneed;let'sassumeyouonceactuallycompletedacoupleofyearsofcollegeworkoreventhatyoucompletedyourdegree.Isn'tittemptingtoliejustalittle,toclaimontheformthatyourdiploma(毕业文凭)representsaHarvarddegreeorthatyoufinishedanextracoupleofyearsbackatStateUniversity?Moreandmorepeopleareturningtoanutterdeception(欺骗)likethistolandtheirfirstjobsortomoveaheadintheircareers.Forpersonnelofficers,likemostAmericans,valuedegreesfromfamousschools.Ajobapplicantmayhaveagoodeducationanyway,butheorsheassumesthatchancesofbeinghiredarebetterwithadiplomafromawellknownuniversity.Registrars(注册主任)atmostwellknowncollegessaythattheydealwithdishonestclaimsliketheseattherateofaboutoneperweek.Personnelofficersdocheckupondegreeslistedonapplicationforms.Ifitturnsoutthatanapplicantislying,mostcollegesareunwillingtoaccusetheapplicantdirectly.OneIvyLeagueschoolreferstothemas“specialcases”.OnewellknownWestCoastschool,inperhapsthemostdelicatephraseofall,saystheseclaimsaremadeby“nosuchpeople”．Toavoidcompletelies,somejobseekersclaimthatthey“attended”or“wereassociatedwith”acollegeoruniversity.Aftercarefulchecking,apersonnelofficermaydiscoverthat“attending”meansbeingdismissedafteronesemester.Itmaybethat“beingassociatedwith”acollegemeansthatthejobseekervisitedhisyoungerbrotherforafootballweekend.Oneschoolthatkeepsrecordsoffalseclaimssaysthatthepracticedatesbackatleasttotheturnofthecentury—that'swhentheybegankeepingrecords,anyhow.Ifyoudon'twanttolieorevenstretchthetruth,therearecompaniesthat10\nwillsellyouafakediploma.Onecompany,withofficesinNewYorkandontheWestCoast,willputyournameonadiplomafromanynumberofnonexistentcolleges.Thepricebeginsataroundtwentydollarsforadiplomafrom“SmootStateUniversity”．Thepricesincreaserapidlyforadegreefromthe“UniversityofPurdue”．AsthereisnoSmootStateandtherealschoolinIndianaisproperlycalledPurdueUniversity,thepricesseemratherhighforonesheetofpaper.36．Thewritermainlywantstotellusthat________．A．collegedegreescannowbepurchasedeasilyB．nowadaysitisveryhardforpeopletofindjobsC．lyingaboutcollegedegreesisbecomingawidespreadproblemD．employersarenolongerinterestedinapplicants'actualperformances37．Theunderlinedword“utter”inthesecondparagraphmeans________．A．thoroughB．carefulC．incompleteD．spoken38．Oncefindingapplicantswithfalsediplomas,mostcollegeswould________．A．keeptherecordsofthemB．drivethemoutofcollegeC．avoiddirectconflictswiththemD．accusethemofsuchbehavior39．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________．A．USemployersvaluetheirjobapplicantswithadegreefromtopuniversitiesB．UniversityofPurdueandPurdueUniversityarethesameschoolC．peoplewithfakediplomascangettheirfirstjobsintheUSeasilyD．peoplepaythesamepriceforafakediplomafromdifferentuniversitiesⅣ.短文填词Saying“thankyou”isoneofthebasesofgoodmanners.Oftenwedon'tsayitwellenough.Weusuallydon't40.________(忘记)tosay“thankyou”to41.________(陌生人)whentheyhelpus,butwedonotalways42.e________ourthankstoourfriends.ButIthinkitisjustasimportanttobe43.t________totheformerastothe44.________(后者).Wealsoneedtosay“thankyou”tothethings45.h________ussooftenbutunabletospeak,suchasair,water,trees,animalsandsoon,becausewithout46.________，wecouldnotexist.Butsaying“thankyou”is47.________fromenough.Weshouldbewillingtohelpotherswhentheyare48.________need.So,let'ssay“thankyou”tothosethathelpus49.________itisnecessary.10\n参考答案课时作业(一)Ⅰ.1.C　考查分词作状语的用法。beconcernedabout意为“为……担心”。因为两个部分的主语一致，所以其前省略了主语和系动词be。句意：因为担心这名学生，老师打电话给他的家长想查明他为什么如此经常地逃课。2．A　考查非谓语动词的用法。此处为“with＋名词＋不定式”的复合结构，其中的不定式表示将来的动作。句意：由于有许多难题要解决，经理感觉就像热锅上的蚂蚁。3．A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着城市空气质量持续引起担忧，居民被鼓励少放烟火。concern意为“担心，忧虑”；compromise意为“妥协，和解”；description意为“描述”；emergency意为“突发事件”。根据句意可知A项正确。4．D　考查动词短语辨析。setdown写下。句意：警察请他在报告中写下所看到的事。lookfor寻找；takein欺骗，吸收；giveup放弃。5．B　考查动词短语辨析。gothrough经历；经受；gointo进入；lookthrough浏览；lookinto调查。句意：是爱心和责任使他经历了许多艰难困苦活了下来。6．B　考查动词短语辨析。addto“使(数量)增加；使(规模)扩大”。此处意为“……增加了适应新环境的困难”。makefor有利于，促成；focuson集中于；devoteto献身于。7．C　考查连词。incase意为“以免，万一”；asif意为“好像”；inorderthat意为“为了”；onlyif意为“只有”。句意：我们市的警官们工作很努力，目的是为了让我们有一个安全的生活环境。根据语境可知，此处用inorderthat引导目的状语从句。故C项正确。8．D　考查连词。句意：校规规定，任何孩子在白天都不允许出校门，除非有大人陪同。所以选unless。9．B　考查强调句型。该句为强调句型的疑问句形式：特殊疑问词＋isitthat…？10．A　考查同位语从句。request后面的同位语从句对它进行解释说明，不缺成分且意思完整，故选that。11．B　考查短语辨析。onpurpose故意地。句意：萨姆总是叫错我的名字。你认为他是故意这样做的吗？atpresent现在；attheend在结束时；rightaway立刻。12．D　考查动词辨析。recoverfrom从……中恢复。句意：小汤姆从震惊中稍一恢复，他的第一念头就是逃跑。return返回；absorb吸收；survive幸免于难。13．C　考查固定句型。It/Thisisthefirst/second…timethat…从句中用现在完成时。14．A　aseriesof一连串的。agreatdealof与alargeamountof意为“大量的”，均修饰不可数名词；C项本身有误，应为plentyof。15．D　“介词with＋宾语＋副词”构成with的复合结构。Ⅱ.2022年3月11日日本发生了地震。本文叙述了作者在震后亲眼看到的感人故事，从中他感受到了人们的良好品质。16．A　地震之后，所有车辆都停运了，因此“我”只好走回家。四个选项只有traffic与walkhome有关。17．C　在步行回家的路上，“我”注意到面包店门口有个日本老太太在向行人免费发放面包。这里用noticed表示“注意到”。A项意为“错过”；B项意为“抓住”；D项意为“听到”。18．D　与文章开头的“touching10\nstories”呼应，本题选D，表示在三月寒冷的天气里，这幕情景温暖了“我”的心。hungry饥饿的；soft温柔的；broken破碎的。19．A　下文说让人们使用他家的厕所(restroom)，因此选A。本题的关键是理解后面的“restroom”的含义。20．B　他打开自己的家门，允许人们使用他家的厕所。这里用opening表示“打开，开放”。advertise做广告；repair修理；decorate装饰。21．D　“我”的一个朋友也想帮助别人，于是他站在寒风中，举着个牌子。根据语境判断选D，表示“帮助”。22．A　牌子上写着“假如你愿意坐摩托车，那么我愿意驾车送你回家。”这里用drive表示“开车送某人”。follow跟随；lead领导；send派遣，派送。23．B　根据语境判断选B，表示“(使)充满，注满”。作者要去加油站给自己的车加油。24．B　由后面的“manygasolinestationswereeitherclosed…”判断选B，此时由于地震，汽油短缺。lack“缺乏”符合语境。25．C　很多加油站要么关闭，要么站前排队等待加油的队伍很“长”。26．A　汽油短缺，而且在“我”前面有15辆车，因此“我”担心自己加不上油。27．B　最后终于轮到“我”了。itwasmyturn“轮到我了”。28．C　此处强调原因，因此选C。因为眼下这个局面(等待加油的车太多)，加油站限量供应汽油。29．A　加油站的油不多，只能够限量供应，大家来分享这有限的油，这样挺好的。故选A“分享”。30．A　加油站工作人员的微笑使“我”很欣慰。31．D　下文说“他擦掉泪水”，由此判断选D。在这个疏散中心，当人们给这个人送来食物的时候，他感激得哭了。32．D　promise许诺；role角色；action行动；remark话语。此处指他接下来的一番话使“我”感到诧异，因此选D。33．B　人们给他送来食物，这个人此时内心充满感激之情，因此选B。34．D　我们旁边那个城市的人们还没有得到过一点儿食物。因此选D，表示“得到，收到”。35．D　在这场灾难中，从这些人身上，“我”看到的是光明的未来。这里选D，指这次地震。Ⅲ.现在随着就业的难度越来越大，很多大学毕业生会隐瞒或虚构自己的毕业学校，有些甚至会编造些虚无缥缈的信息来获得一份工作。36．C　主旨大意题。从全文内容可知，作者主要向我们介绍了现在有越来越多的大学生对自己的毕业文凭等信息进行造假，故答案选C项。37．A　词义猜测题。从文章第二段内容可知求职者认为拥有名牌大学的文凭，其被雇用的机会大，而且著名大学平均每周都会接到“造假文凭”这种案件，由此可推断，画线词所在句表示现在有越来越多的人开始了彻头彻尾的欺骗。由此可知utter在此处表示“彻底的，十足的”，同thorough，故选A项。38．C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“…mostcollegesareunwillingtoaccusetheapplicantdirectly”可知，大多数大学都不愿意直截了当地指出这种文凭的欺骗和造假，答案选C项。39．A　推理判断题。从第二段第二句可知在美国，雇主重视求职者的大学文凭，青睐那些有名牌大学文凭的人，故A项正确。Ⅳ.40.forget　41.strangers　42.express　43.thankful44．latter　45.helping　46.them　47.far　48.in　49.when10\n书面表达的要求是切中题意,语言准确,条理清楚。写作既可以体现词汇、句型、语法等的掌握情况,又可以体现一个人的逻辑思维。因此,写好一篇短文是件不容易的事。　　高考命题逐渐向开放式的作文过渡,开放式的作文更有利于考生发挥自己的水平,其难度也相应提高了。因此,对于开放式的作文,只要短文写得流畅,表达得清楚,体裁正确,逻辑合理,就应视为是一篇好作文。请参考下面一篇书面表达:　　写作要求:出国留学已成为一种潮流,请你就此问题谈一谈自己的观点,简要论述留学的利与弊。词数为100左右。　　范文如下:　　Nowadaysgoingabroadtostudyisverypopular.Evensomeprimaryschoolstudents,whosefamiliesarewelloff,arestudyingabroad,letaloneuniversitystudentsandpostgraduates.Studyingabroadcanwidenone'sviewandhelplearnabouttheculturesofforeigncountries.Ofcourse,it'sagoodwaytolearnforeignlanguages.Butstudyingabroadisnotsuitableforeveryonebecauseofthehighcostandfees.Ifastudent'sfamilycan'tsupporthimandhehastostruggleinaforeigncountryforalivingnotforhisstudies,Ithinkheneedn'tgoabroad.HecanstudywellinChinaandhewillbeabletobecomesuccessful.　　Sogoingabroadtostudyisoneway,butnottheonlyway,toone'seducationandsuccess.　　点评:本文从出国热入手,写出了作者对出国留学的看法,有利的一面是开阔视野,学习外国的文化和语言;不利的一面是费用太高,并非适合所有学生。作者巧妙地陈述了对留学的赞同和反对,并以结尾句点出了出国留学对于一个人的教育与成功并非是唯一的出路。　　在写本篇作文时,在表达上应当注意以下几点:　　1.由于高考作文一般要求写一篇100词左右的作文,篇幅不易太长,不能随意发挥。题材广泛,但不能失去控制。10\n　　2.在写作中要尽力避免使用一些生词,如:"潮流"(trend)。遇到需要的词汇而不会表达时,换种说法表达即可。因此,上文的第一句"Nowadaysgoingabroadforstudiesisverypopular."就是一个很好的转换表达。　　3.对于这个题目,短文中应当有留学的"利"与"弊"两方面的内容,不要只论述单方面的内容。　　4.学会使用一些连接词以及一些过渡性的词汇,使行文自然、流畅。如范文中的nowadays,even,but,ofcourse,if,so,Ithink等。5.注意文章的开头与结尾句。第一句的作用是引出下文,而结尾句是"画龙点睛"。***************************************************************结束10