北京市石景山区2022高考英语 阅读理解暑假训练（3）

石景山区2022高考英语阅读理解暑假训练（3）及答案TheTouchstoneWhenthegreatlibraryofAlexandriaburned,thestorygoes,onebookwassaved．Butitwasnotavaluablebook,andsoapoorman,whocouldreadalittle,boughtitforverylittlemoney．Thebookwasn'tveryinteresting,butbetweenitspagestherewassomethingveryinterestingindeed．Itwasathinstripofvellum（上等皮纸）onwhichwaswrittenthesecretofthe"Touchstone"!Thetouchstonewasasmallpebble（卵石）thatcouldturnanycommonmetalintopuregold．Thewritingexplainedthatitwaslyingamongthousandsandthousandsofotherpebblesthatlookedexactlylikeit．Butthesecretwasthis:Therealpebblewouldfeelwarm,whileordinarypebblesarecold．Sothemansoldhisfewbelongings,boughtsomesimplesupplies,campedontheseashore,andbegantestingpebbles．Heknewthatifhepickedupordinarypebblesandthrewthemdownagainbecausetheywerecold,hemightpickupthesamepebblehundredsoftimes．So,whenhefeltonethatwascold,hethrewitintothesea．Hespentawholedaydoingthisbutnoneofthemwasthetouchstone．Yethewentonandonthisway．Pickupapebble．Cold—throwitintothesea．Pickupanother．Throwitintothesea．Pickupanother．Throwitintothesea．Thedaysstretchedintoweeksandtheweeksintomonths．Oneday,however,aboutmid-afternoon,hepickedupapebbleanditwaswarm．Hethrewitintotheseabeforeherealizedwhathehaddone．Hehadformedsuchastronghabitofthrowingeachpebbleintotheseathatwhentheonehewantedcamealonghestillthrewitaway．Soitiswithopportunity．Unlesswearecareful,it'seasytofailtorecognizeanopportunitywhenitisinhand,andit'sjustaseasytothrowitaway．44．Themanboughtthebookbecause____．A．hewantedtoreaditB．itwasveryinterestingC．therewasasecretinthebookD．hewantedtofind-9-\nthetouchstone45．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthetouchstoneis____．A．pureB．coldC．magicD．big46．Whydidthemanthrowthepebblesintothesea?A．Becausehedidn'twanttogetthesamepebbles．B．Becausehedidn'twantotherstopickthemup．C．Becausehedidn'tliketheirordinarylooks．D．Becausehedidn'tlikethecoldfeelings．47．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthepassage?A．Weshouldofferopportunitiesinourlife．B．Weshouldseekforopportunitiesintheworld．C．Wemayseizeopportunitieswhenwearewatchful．D．Wemaydiscoveropportunitieswhenforminghabits．ACAC*******************************************************结束Awomanwhosesportscarwasstolenwithherdoginitputupnoticesallovertheareathatmadeitcleargettingbackherpetwasmoreimportantthanhercar.“Whoeverdidthiscankeepmycar.PleaseletBenjermancomehome,”thenoticesaid.Itisnotknownwhetherthethiefshowedanypity,butalmost30hoursafterthe1pmtheftFriday,KimberlyAtkinsofDoverandBenjerman,a12-year-oldblackretriever(猎犬),werereunitedafterpolicelocatedtheminBarrington.“He’shungry,he’sdirty,buthe’sveryhappytobehome,”Atkinssaid.Thecarwasfoundatabout5pmSaturdayoffRoute125inaswampyareafrequentedbyoff-the-roadcarsanddirtbikes.However,thepolicecouldn’tcontrolBenjerman,andtheyhadtocallAtkinstocomeandgethim.AtkinssaidthethiefcaredforBenjermanalittlebyprovidinghimwithsomedrycatfood.ShebelievedBenjermanendedupdrinkingsomemuddywaterinthearea.-9-\nShesaidtheyhavebeentogetherfornearly11yearsaftershetookhimbackfromasocietyshelterinDallas,Texas.BeforeBenjermanwasfound,AtkinsandseveralfriendsputupnoticesalloverthecityandinSomersworth.TheyalsocontactedanimalsheltersthroughoutsouthernNewHampshireandMassachusetts.Thenoticestatedtherewasareward,andalsothatthedogneededmedication.Anycallercouldremainanonymous(匿名的).Atkinshadparkedthecaroutsideahardwarestorewiththekeysinsideandgoneintorentacarpetcleaner.“Itwas10minutesandIcameoutandmycarwasgonealongwithBenjermaninbroaddaylight,”Atkinssaid.ThecarthiefthrewAtkins’walletandotherpersonalitemsoutofthecarbeforeescapingfromthescene.5.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AcarwithadogwasstolenB.LuckydogwasreturnedtohisownerC.Stealingcars:amostimportantsocialproblemD.Womanwantsdogbackmorethanstolencar6.Whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectorderofwhathappened?a.Noticeswereputupsayingtherewasareward.b.AtkinssawBenjermanagain.c.PolicefoundAtkins’car.d.AtkinstookBenjermanbackfromasocietyshelter.e.Atkinshiredacarpetcleanerinahardwarestore.A.d,e,a,b,cB.d,e,a,c,bC.e,a,d,b,cD.e,a,c,d,b7.Wecaninferfromthepassage.A.thedogwastreatedextremelybadlybythethiefB.carstolenaccidentshappenfrequentlynowadaysC.thedogwasfoundbecauseoftherewardD.thethiefstolethecareasily-9-\n8.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.BenjermanwassentbackimmediatelyafterAtkinsputupthenotices.B.AtkinsandherfriendsmadeagreatefforttolookforBenjerman.C.Thethiefgavethedogbackbutkeptthesportscar.D.Thedogwasbackat1pmonaFriday.参考答案DBDB************************************************结束阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。ABook1:BrackObamaGrades:3-5OurPrice:$8.95HismothercamefromKansas.HisfathercamefromKenya.HegrewupinHawaiiandIndonesia,farfromthecenterofAmericanpolitics.FewpeoplehadevenheardofBrackObamabefore2022.BtonepowerfulspeechinBostonchangedallthatfortheIllinoissenator(参议员).In2022,thisinspiringleaderranforthecountry’stopjob,President.Book2:DanicaPatrickGrades:3-5OurPrice:$8.95Growingup,DanicaPatrickdreamedofracingintheIndianapolis500.In2022,herdreamcametrue.Danicafinishedtheraceinfourthplace,thebesteverresultbyawoman.Threeyearslater,shebecamethefirstfemaletowinanIndyCarrace.Asawomancompetinginasportdominatedbymen,Danicafacedmanyobstacles.Butsheneverstoppedbelievinginherself,nomatterwhatthedifficulties.-9-\nBook3:EllenOchoaGrades:3-5OurPrice:$8.95Somepeopledreamofbecomingstars.EllenOchoadreamedoflivingamongthem!Sheworkedhardtomakeherdreamofbecominganastronautcometrue.OnApril8,1993,shestrapped(用带子系好)herselfinfortherideofherlifeaboardthespaceshuttleDiscovery.OchoaaimedhighandboldlywentwherenoHispanicwomanhadgonebefore.FindoutaboutOchoa’samazingjourneyinherownwordsandphotosfromherpersonalcollection!Book4:LeBronJamesGrades:3-5OurPrice:$8.95Fans,teammates,andopponentsknowhimasKingJames.ManypeopleconsiderLeBronJamestobethemosttalentedbasketballPlayerofhisgeneration.Butthereismuchmoretohisstory.Heovercamehardtimesasakidandrosetonationalfameasateenager.Hethenjumpedrightfromhighschooltothepros.Alongtheway,LeBronneverlostsightofwherehecamefromorwhoheis.1.Whatdothefourbookshaveincommonaccordingtothepassage?A.Theirpricesarethesameandtheyareallaboutfamousleaders.B.TheyareallaboutAfricansandtheircontributionstosociety.C.Theyarewrittenforthesamegradesandtheirpricesarethesame.D.Theyareforthesamereadersandprintedbythesamepublisher.2.Emmaisdreamingofbeingacarracer.Whocanbeanexampletoher?A.BrackObamaB.DanicaPatrickC.EllenOchoaD.LeBronJames3.IfJohnwantstolearnsomethingaboutbecomingabasketballplayer,whichbookshouldheread?A.BrackObamaB.DanicaPatrick-9-\nC.EllenOchoaD.LeBronJames4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.ObamawaspopularwithmostofthepeopleinAmericabeforeheranforpresident.B.In2022,DanicaPatrickbecamethefirstwomantowinanIndyCarrace.C.OchoaisthefirstHispanicwomantohavegoneaboardthespaceshuttleDiscoveryfortheride.D.LeBronJamesisthemosttalentedbasketballplayer.（A篇）CBDCB******************************************************结束Jobsharingreferstothesituationinwhichtwopeopledividetheresponsibilityofonefull-timejob．Thetwopeoplewillinglyactaspart-timeworkers,enoughhoursbetweenthemtofulfillthedutiesofafull-timeworker．Iftheyeachworkhalfthejob,forexample,theyeachreceive50percentofthejob'swages,itsholidaysanditsotherbenefits．Jobsharingdiffersfromconventional（常规的）part-timeworkinthatitoccursmainlyinthemorehighlyskilledandprofessionalareas,whichrequirehigherlevelsofresponsibilityandemployeecommitment．Jobsharingshouldnotbeconfusedwiththetermworksharing,whichreferstoincreasingthenumberofjobsbyreducingthenumberofhoursofeachexistingjob,thusofferingmorepositionstothegrowingnumberofunemployedpeople．Jobsharing,bycontrast,isnotdesignedtoaddressunemploymentproblems;itsfocus,rather,istoprovidewell-paidworkforskilledworkersandprofessionalswhowantmorefreetimeforotheractivities．Aswouldbeexpected,mostjobsharersarewomen．Asurveycarriedoutin1988byBritain'sEqualOpportunitiesCommissionshowedthat78percentofsharerswerefemale,themajorityofwhomwerebetween20and40yearsofage．Subsequentstudieshavecomeupwithsimilarresults．Manyofthesewomenwerere-enteringthejobmarketafterhavinghadchildren,buttheychosenottoseekpart-timeworkbecauseitwould-9-\nhavemeantlowerstatus．Jobsharingalsoofferedanacceptableshiftbackintofull-timeworkafteralongabsence．Thenecessityofclosecooperationwhensharingajobwithanotherpersonmakestheactualworkquitedifferentfromconventionalone-positionjobs．However,toensureagreaterchancethatthepartnershipwillsucceed,eachpersonneedstoknowthestrengths,weaknessesandpreferencesofhisorherpartnerbeforeapplyingforaposition．Moreover,theremustbeafairdivisionofbothroutinetasksandinterestingones．Insum,forapositiontobejob-sharedwell,thetwoindividualsmustbewellmatchedandmusttreateachotherasequals．5．Inwhatwayisworksharingdifferentfromjobsharing?A．Worksharingrequiresmoreworkinghours．B．Worksharingisaimedatcreatingmorejobs．C．Worksharingprovidesamoresatisfactorysalary．D．Worksharingdependsontheemployer'sdecision．6．AccordingtoParagraph4,youngmotherspreferredjobsharingtoconventionalpart-timeworkmainlybecause_____．A．theysoughthighersocialstatusB．theywereoveridealworkingagesC．theyhaddifficultyfindingfull-timejobsD．theyhadtotakecareofbothworkandfamily7．Injobsharingthepartnersshould_____．A．enjoyequalsocialstatusB．havesimilarworkexperienceC．keepintouchwitheachotherD．knoweachotherverywell8．Themainpurposeofthepassageisto______．A．describejobsharingingeneralB．discusshowtoprovidemorejobsC．recommendjobsharingtowomenD．comparejobsharingwithworksharing-9-\n（B篇）BADA  ************************************************************结束CIdon'teverwanttotalkaboutbeingawomanscientistagain.Therewasatimeinmylifewhenpeopleaskedconstantlyforstoriesaboutwhatit'sliketoworkinafielddominatedbymen.IwasneververygoodattellingthosestoriesbecausetruthfullyIneverfoundtheminteresting.WhatIdofindinterestingistheoriginoftheuniverse,theshapeofspace-timeandthenatureofblackholes.At19,whenIbeganstudyingastrophysics(天体物理学),itdidnotbothermeintheleasttobetheonlywomanintheclassroom.ButwhileearningmyPh.D.atMITandthenas3post-doctordoingspaceresearch,theissuestartedtobotherme.Myeveryachievement—jobs,researchpapers,awards—wasviewedthroughthelensofgender(性别)politics.Soweremyfailures.Sometimes,whenIwaspushedintoanargumentonleftbrainversus(相对于)rightbrain,ornatureversusnurture(培育),Iwouldinstantlyfightfiercelyonmybehalfandallwomankind.Thenonedayafewyearsago,outofmymouthcameasentencethatwouldeventuallybecomemyreplytoanyandallprovocations:Idon'ttalkaboutthatanymore.Ittookme10yearstogetbacktheconfidenceIhadat19andtorealizethatIdidn'twanttodealwithgenderissues.Whyshouldcuringsexismbeyetanotherterribleburdenoneveryfemalescientist?Afterall,Idon'tstudysociologyorpoliticaltheory.TodayIresearchandteachatBarnard,awomen'scollegeinNewYorkCity.Recently,someoneaskedmehowmanyofthe45studentsinmyclasswerewomen.Youcannotimaginemysatisfactionatbeingabletoanswer:45.Iknowsomeofmystudentsworryhowtheywillmanagetheirscientificresearchandadesireforchildren.AndIdon'tdismissthoseconcerns.Still,Idon'ttellthem"war"stories.Instead,Ihavegiventhemthis:thevisualoftheirphysicsprofessorheavilypregnantdoingphysicsexperiments.Andinturntheyhavegivenmetheimageof45womendrivenbyaloveofscience.Andthat'sasightworthtalkingabout.-9-\n9.FromParagraph2,wecaninferthatpeoplewouldattribute(归因于)theauthor'sfailuresto_____.A.theveryfactthatsheisawomanB.herinvolvementingenderpoliticsC.herover-confidenceasafemaleastrophysicistD.theburdenshebearsinamale-dominatedsociety10.WhatdidtheauthorconstantlyfightagainstwhiledoingherPh.D.andpost-doctoralresearch?A.Lackofconfidenceinsucceedinginspacescience.B.Unfairaccusationsfrombothinsideandoutsidehercircle.C.People'sstereotypedattitudetowardsfemalescientists.D.Widespreadmisconceptionsaboutnatureandnurture11.Whydoestheauthorfeelgreatsatisfactionwhentalkingaboutherclass?A.Femalestudentsnolongerhavetoworryaboutgenderissues.B.Herstudents'performancehasbroughtbackherconfidence.C.Herfemalestudentscandojustaswellasmalestudents.D.Morefemalestudentsarepursuingsciencethanbefore.12.Whatdoestheimagetheauthorpresentstoherstudentssuggest?A.Womenstudentsneedn'thavetheconcernsofhergeneration.B.Womenhavemorebarriersontheirwaytoacademicsuccess.C.Womencanbalanceacareerinscienceandhavingafamily.D.Womennowhavefewerdiscriminationproblemsaboutsciencecareer.（C篇）ACDC********************************************************结束-9-