新课标2022高考英语一轮复习知识排查突破book1unit1friendship新人教版

book1unit1friendship重点识记词汇1.onpurpose故意　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2.facetoface面对面地3．atdusk在黄昏时刻4.joinin参加；加入5．fallinlove相爱；爱上6.gothrough经历；经受7．get/betiredof对……厌烦8.setdown记下；放下；登记9．getalongwith与……相处；进展10.aseriesof一连串的；一系列；一套11．nolonger/not...anylonger不再……12.gratefuladj.感激的；表示谢意的13．packvi.&vt.捆扎；包装；打行李n．小包；包裹14．powern．能力；力量；权力→powerfuladj.有权势的15．suffervt.&vi.遭受；忍受；经历→sufferingn．痛苦；折磨16．recovervi.&vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得→recoveryn．痊愈17．exactlyadv.确实如此；正是；确切地→exactadj.精确的18．disagreevi.不同意→disagreementn．不同意→agreevi.(反义词)同意19．outdoorsadv.在户外；在野外→indoorsadv.在屋内20．entireadj.整个的；完全的→entirelyadv.完全地；整个地21．disliken．&vt.厌恶→liken．&vt.(反义词)喜欢22．lonelinessn．孤单；寂寞→lonelyadj.孤独的23．addup合计→addupto总共有→addto增加→add...to...把……加到……里24．upsetadj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.(upset，upset)使不安；使心烦25．calmvt.&vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的→calm(...)down(使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来\n26．ignorevt.不理睬；忽视→ignorancen．愚昧→ignorantadj.无知的；粗鲁的27．concernvt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到n．担心；关注；(利害)关系→concernedadj.担忧的→concerningprep.关于28．settlevi.安家；定居；停留vt.使安居；安排；解决→settledadj.稳定的；舒适自在的→settlementn．安居；定居必背经典句式1....butyourfriendcan’tgountilhe/shefinishescleaninghis/herbicycle.……但是你的朋友直到把自行车擦干净他(她)才能走。2．Whilewalkingthedog，youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.你在遛狗的时候，不小心把狗松开了，结果狗被车撞了。3．Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。4.ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface...这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……5．Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwentyfivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.她和家人躲藏了两年，后来被发现了。6．Motheraskedherif/whethershewasveryhotwithsomanyclotheson.妈妈问她穿这么多衣服是不是很热。构词记忆　arise/ə′raIz/vi.(arose，arisen)发生；出现；产生；起来；站起asleep/ə′sliːp/adj.[常作表语]睡着的；睡熟的awake/ə′weIk/vt.叫醒；唤起vi.醒来adj.[作表语或补语]醒着的；警觉的\n1[多词一义]　ignore，takenonoticeof，leaveoutignorancen.无知；愚昧；不知道outof/throughignorance出于无知ignorantadj.无知的；愚昧的；不知道的beignorantof不知道……What’sworse，theyspatandeventhrewrubbishintothelake，totallyignoringthenoticeablesign“NoLittering”nearby.更糟的是，他们随地吐痰，甚至把垃圾扔到湖里，完全忽视了附近“禁止扔垃圾”的警告牌。(福建·书面表达)[夯实基础]用ignore的适当形式填空(1)Theyfoughtalongbattleagainstprejudiceandignorance.(2)Hefelthimselfveryignorant.(3)Lastweekatennisballhitmeonthehead，butItriedtoignorethepain，believingthatitwouldgoawaysoonerorlater.(4)Ignoringthepastmeanscompletebetrayal.2concernv.影响(affect)；涉及(involve)，与……有关(beconnectedwith)；让(某人)担忧(beworriedabout)；n.担心，忧虑；关心[应试指导]　过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义的区别concernedadj.(作表语或前置定语)担心的；忧虑的；感兴趣的；(后置定语)有关的，涉及的；参与的asfarassb.beconcerned就某人而言beconcernedabout/for(concernoneselfabout/for)对……担心/关心beconcernedwithsb./sth.(concernoneselfwithsb./sth.)与……有关concerningprep.关于Itisloveandconcernthathavebroughtaboutthegreatchanges.是爱和关心带来了这巨大的变化。(福建·书面表达)Instead，itisamajorissueofrightandwrongthatconcernsaggressionversusantiaggression，justiceversusevil，andlightversusdarkness.相反，它是关乎侵略与反侵略、正义与邪恶、光明与黑暗的大是大非问题。[夯实基础]\n用concern的适当形式填空(1)Concerningthetollfreepolicyontheexpressway，whatconcernsusmostisthetrafficjamswhilesomeareconcernedabout/forthesafety.(2)Concernedaboutthestudent，theteachercalledhisparentstofindoutwhyhewassooftenabsentfromclass.3[应试指导]　在谚语中的应用cometo/intopower掌权；上台inone’spower在某人的掌控中doall/everythinginone’spower＝doone’sbest尽力而为；竭尽全力Asasayinggoes，knowledgeispower.俗话说，知识就是力量。Sheissaidtohavethepowerofforeseeingthefuture.据说她有预测未来的能力。Sheinterviewedsixwomenwhohavereachedpositionsofgreatpowerandinfluence.她采访了6名身居高位，并且颇具影响力的女士。[夯实基础](1)语法填空①ThePresidentisthemostpowerful(power)maninAmerica.②Theyhaveinventedanewcar，whichispowered(power)bysolarbatteries.(2)Hetoldherthathewoulddoeverythinginhispowertoprovethathewasthemanforher.①Hetoldherthathewoulddowhathecouldtoprovethathewasthemanforher.(改为含有what从句的复合句)②Hetoldherthathewoulddohisbesttoprovethathewasthemanforher.(用doone’sbest改写句子)4sufferv．(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受难，受折磨(tobebadlyaffected)；遭受，经受(experience)；得……病sufferpain/defeat/hardship遭受痛苦/失败/艰难sufferfrom受……折磨；患……病sufferingn.痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事\nOntheotherhand，theyalsosufferfromlessrespectandlowerpay，workingalldayonthestreetwhetheritshinesstronglyorsnows，windsheavily.另一方面，他们不受尊重，报酬很低，整天在马路上劳作，不管烈日炎炎还是狂风暴雪。(广东·读写任务)ThisacthurtthepeopleofallcountriesthatoncesufferedfromJapaneseaggressionandcolonialrule.这种行为是对曾经遭受日本侵略和殖民统治的各国人民感情的伤害。[特别提醒]suffer和sufferfrom一般不用于被动语态。[夯实基础](1)语法填空①Hehassufferedfromthelungcancerformanyyears.②Thesufferer(suffer)hasdecidedtogiveupsmoking.③DroughtcontinuestoannoymanypartsofChina，withtensofthousandssuffering(suffer)watershortagesandmillionsofothersaffected(affect)．(2)Havingsufferedfromthelungcancerformanyyears，thesuffererhasdecidedtogiveupsmoking.(用非谓语动词短语作状语连接上题①②两句)5[应试指导]　add非谓语动词作定语或状语的考查addupto加起来达到，总计为；总的来讲；等于说addto增添add...to...把……加到……里inaddition除此之外，另外inadditionto除……之外additional(ly)附加的(地)，另外的(地)Theheavyrainaddedtothedifficultyinrescuingtheburiedpeople.大雨增加了营救被掩埋群众的困难。“China’sspaceprogramwillnotstopatthemoon，”addedSunHuixian，aseniorChinesespaceofficial.“Ourtargetisdeepspace.”一位中国资深太空官员孙辉先补充说：“中国的太空项目不会止步于月球，中国的目标是外太空。”[图解助记]\n[夯实基础]用add的适当形式填空(1)Hearinghowothersreacttothebookyouhavejustreadcreatesanaddedpleasure.(2)Fiveaddedtofourmakesnine.(3)Weneedsomeadditionalinformation.(4)Additionally，somecomputersareneededbadly.(5)Heleft，addingthatsafetyisfirst.6gothrough经历，经受(experience)；仔细查看(goover)；(法律等)通过；用完(useup)；浏览(lookthrough)[应试指导]　“动词＋介词(副词)”类语境词义辨析getthrough通过；接通电话；花费lookthrough浏览；往……里面看breakthrough冲破；突破seethrough看穿；识破pullthrough康复；渡过难关NorthKoreamostresemblesStalin’sRussiaorMao’sChinagoingthroughthehorrorsoftheculturalrevolution.朝鲜就像是斯大林领导下的苏联或者毛泽东领导下的文化大革命时期的中国。Shewasabletogetthroughtomebyemail.她通过电子邮件能和我联系上。[夯实基础]用v.＋through的相关短语填空(1)Theywillneverforgettheexperiencetheywentthroughlastyear.(2)Everyonewasveryconcernedwhetherhewouldpullthroughornot.(3)Wefinallybrokethroughtheunfriendlyatmosphere.(4)Hegetsthroughatleast500everyweekend.7[多词一义]　setdown，writedown，putdown，notedown，takedown\nsetaside留出；置于一边setoff动身；引爆；引起setabout(doing)sth.着手(做)……setout(todo...)开始；着手(做)……setup竖立；建立；张贴setanexample树立榜样besetin以……为背景Iwonderiftheschoolcouldplacemoredustbinsaroundandsetupspecificrulesagainstsuchbehaviour.我想知道学校是否能在周围多设几个垃圾箱并制订特别的规则反对这种行为。(浙江·书面表达)Shehassetagoodexampletous.她为我们树立了一个好榜样。(浙江·书面表达)[夯实基础](1)完成句子①Hesetdown(记下)aseriesofnumbers.②Hesetouttoopen/setaboutopening(开始打开)thedoorofthespacelab.(2)根据要求将上题①、②合并成一个句子①Hesetdownaseriesofnumbersbeforehesetouttoopen/setaboutopeningthedoorofthespacelab.(用before连接两个句子)②Havingsetdownaseriesofnumbers，hesetouttoopen/setaboutopeningthedoorofthespacelab.(用非谓语动词作状语连接两个句子)8[应试指导]　“动词＋副词＋介词”类语境词义辨析getabout/(a)round传播；流传；四处走动getacross讲清楚；被领会getdownto开始认真做getover克服；控制；恢复过来Besides，I’measytogetalongwithandIliketomakefriends.而且，我容易相处，也喜欢交朋友。(辽宁·书面表达)[夯实基础]选择方框内的短语填空(1)Newssoongotaroundthathehadresigned.\n(2)NomatterhowIexplain，Ijustcan’tgetitacrosstoher.(3)TheygotovermanydifficultiesintheirEnglishstudy.(4)—Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudy?—Quitewell.Igotan“A”inamathsexam.1Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。(1)强调句型的基本结构为：Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分(若被强调的是人，可用that或who；若被强调的部分是其他时，一律用that)。另外要注意：原句的谓语动词不能被强调。(2)强调句的一般疑问句结构为：Is/Wasit＋被强调部分＋that/who...?(3)强调句的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋is/wasit＋that...?(4)对not...until...句型中的时间状语(从句)进行强调时的结构为：Itis/wasnotuntil＋被强调部分＋that＋其他部分。Inaword，itispolitewordsthatwillmakeyourlifebecomeconvenient.总之，礼貌用语会使你的生活更方便。(江西·书面表达)Itwasnotuntiltheareawasseriouslypollutedthattheyrealizedthatitwashightimetotakeactiontostoppollution.直到这个地方被严重污染了他们才认识到该采取行动阻止污染了。[夯实基础](1)It’snotdoingthethingswelike，butlikingthethingswehavetodothatmakeslifehappy.(语法填空)(2)用强调句型强调下列句中的划线部分①Ididn’tleaveuntilhecame.ItwasnotuntilhecamethatIleft.②Whodoesthisplacebelongto?Whoisitthatthisplacebelongsto?③Iwonderwhatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday.\nIwonderwhatitwasthatyouweredoingatthistimeyesterday.④Hecametoseeusyesterday.Itwasyesterdaythathecametoseeus.2havedifficulty/trouble(in)doing...做……有困难(麻烦)havedifficulty/troublewithsth.……有困难(麻烦)Thereissome/nodifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.做……时有一些/没有困难dosth.with/withoutdifficulty/trouble做……有/没有困难taketroubletodo...费力做……takethetroubletodosth.不怕费事/不辞辛劳地做某事Ihavesometroublewiththework.我做这项工作有些困难。[夯实基础](1)SorryI’msolate，butyoucannotimaginewhatgreattroubleItooktocomehere.(语法填空)(2)Ihadnotroublefindingyourhome.①Ifoundyourhomewithouttrouble/difficulty.(用without短语改写句子)②Therewasnotrouble/difficulty(in)findingyourhome.(用therebe句型改写句子)3单元语法——把下列直接引语变为间接引语(1)Hesaid，“I’mgoingtoBeijing.”→HesaidthathewasgoingtoBeijing.(2)Heasked，“Areyouateacher？”→Heaskedmeif/whetherIwasateacher.(3)Thegeographyteachersaid，“Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.”→Thegeographyteachertoldusthatthesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.(4)Shesays，“I’llneverforgetthedaysinthecountry.”→Shesaysthatshe’llneverforgetthedaysinthecountry.(5)Hesaidtome，“What’syourname？”\n→Heaskedmewhatmynamewas.高考题组Ⅰ.短文改错(2022·新课标全国Ⅰ)Nearlyfiveyearsbefore，andwiththehelpbyourfather，mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.Sincethen—foralltheseyear—wehadbeenallowingtomatoestoselfseedwheretheyplease.Asresult，theplantsaregrowingsomewhere.Thefruitsaresmallinsize，butjuicyandtaste.Therearesomuchthatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear，butwehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.Wearegrowingwonderfullytomatoesatnocost!答案Nearlyfiveyears，andwiththehelpourfather，mysisterandIplantedsomecherrytomatoes(圣女果)inourbackgarden.Sincethen—forallthese—webeenallowingtomatoestoselfseedwheretheyplease.Asresult，theplantsaregrowing.Thefruitsaresmallinsize，butjuicyand.Therearesothatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.Althoughweallowtomatoplantstogrowinthesameplaceyearafteryear，but或wehaveneverhadanydiseaseorinsectattackproblems.Wearegrowingtomatoesatnocost!Ⅱ.写作常用句翻译1．我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。(suffer)(2022·江苏·书面表达)Ourearthissufferingseveredamage.2．在我的细心照料下，母亲很快就康复了。(recover)(2022·北京·情景作文)Withmyspecialcare，mymotherrecoveredquickly.3．为了鼓励学生进行户外锻炼，我们学校在4月10号组织了爬山活动。(inorderto)(2022·江西·书面表达)Inordertoencouragethestudentstotakeoutdoorexercise，ourschoolorganized\namountainclimbingonApril10.4．另一方面，那只黑色铅笔却保持平静。(calm)(2022·北京·开放作文)Theblackpencil，ontheotherhand，remainscalm.5．就我而言，骑自行车是一个好的解决办法。(concern)(2022·江西·写作)AsfarasI’mconcerned，ridingbicyclesisagoodsolution.6．是小组合作而不是靠我自己使我摆脱了烦恼并使我的工作更有成效。(强调句)(2022·湖北·短文写作)Itisworkinginteamsinsteadofonmyownthathasfreedmeoftroubleandmademyworkmoreefficient.模拟题组Ⅰ.语法填空1．—What’sthematterwithher?—Sheisreallyupsetovernotfinding(find)ajob.2．Italwaystakestheclassawhiletosettledownatthestartoftheclass.3．Thepoliceaskedhimtosetdownwhathehadseeninareport.4．SharepricesontheStockExchangeplungedsharplyinthemorningbutrecovered(recover)slightlyintheafternoon.5．—YoualllikeyourEnglishteacher?—Yeah，shedevotesherselfentirely(entire)toteachinganditearnsheragoodreputation.6．Themoneyhespentwithinamonthaddeduptomorethan1,000dollars.7．It’sloveandresponsibilitythathavedrivenhimtogo(go)throughmanyhardshipsandsurvive.8．Why！Ihavenothingtoconfess.Whatisitthatyouwantmetosay?9．Filmhasamuchshorterhistory，especiallywhencompared(compare)tosuchartformsasmusicandpainting.10．WhenPeterspeaksinpublic，healwayshastroublethinking(think)oftherightthingstosay.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Manyyoungmendisagreetheirparentsonmostthingsbecauseofgenerationgap.disagree后加上with2．Hediditbypurpose，knowingitwouldannoyher.by→on3．Shewillneverforgettheunhappytimeshehasgonerecently.gone后加上through4．WealllikeTom,whoiseasytogetalong.along后加上with\n5．Itissaidthattheyhavefalleninlovewitheachotherfortwoyears.fallen→been6．Wouldyoupleasecomeandjoinourgame？join后加上in7.Therewasatimethatwhengirlscouldn’tgotoschool.去掉that8．Theexhibitionhall,addedmanytimes，becamethesecondlargestintheworldandcouldhold100,000peopleatatime.added后加上to9．Isthisreasonheexplainedatthemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork？this和reason之间加上the10．Broadlyspeaking，IwouldagreewithShirley，thoughnotentire.entire→entirelyⅢ.写作句式升级训练Theimportantthingistolearntocontrolyourtemperinordernottodoorsayanythingyou’llregret.(素材来源于2022·安徽·书面表达)(1)Theimportantthingistolearntocontrolyourtempersothatyoumaynotdoorsayanythingyou’llregret.(用sothat改写句子)(2)Whatisthemostimportantthingistolearntocontrolyourtempersothatyoumaynotdoorsayanythingyou’llregret.(用what主语从句改写句子)