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新课标2022高考英语一轮复习知识排查突破book1unit4earthquakes新人教版

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book1unit4earthquakes重点识记词汇1.atanend结束;终结              2.rightaway立刻;马上3.eventn.事件;大事4.rescuen.&vt.援救;营救5.trapvt.使陷入困境n.陷阱;困境6.digout掘出;发现7.buryvt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏8.disastern.灾难;灾祸9.a(great)numberof许多;大量的10.damagen.&vt.损失;损害11.uselessadj.无用的;无效的;无益的12.reportern.记者→reportv.报道13.burstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂;爆发n.突然破裂;爆发14.ruinn.废墟;毁灭vt.毁灭;使破产→inruins严重受损;破败不堪15.nationn.民族;国家;国民→nationaladj.国家的,民族的→nationalityn.国籍16.extremeadj.极度的→extremelyadv.极其,非常17.injurevt.损害;伤害→injuredadj.受伤的→injuryn.伤害;损害18.electricityn.电;电流;电学→electricadj.用电的;带电的;发电的→electricaladj.与电有关的;电学的19.frightenvt.使惊吓;吓唬→frightenedadj.受惊的;受恐吓的→frighteningadj.令人恐惧的20.judgevt.断定;判断;判决n.裁判员;法官;评判员→judgementn.判断,审判,判断力,意见21.destroyvt.破坏;毁坏→destructionn.破坏→destructiveadj.破坏性的,毁灭性的22.congratulationn.祝贺;(复数)贺词→congratulatev.祝贺23.shockvt.&vi.(使)震惊;震动n.休克;打击;震惊→shockedadj.震惊的→shockingadj.令人震惊的\n24.expressvt.表示;表达n.快车;速递→expressionn.词语;表达;表示→expressiveadj.富于表情的;有表现力的必背经典句式1.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.在农家大院里的鸡,甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。2.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!好像世界末日到了。3.Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.人们无论朝哪里看,那里的一切都几乎被毁了。4.Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。5.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide.老鼠跑出田地,寻找地方躲藏。6.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.成千上万的家庭被毁,许多孩子成了孤儿。构词记忆 enable/I′neIbl/vt.使能够;使成为可能;使实现encourage/In′kʌrIdʒ/vt.鼓励;支持;促进enlarge/In′lɑːdʒ/vt.扩大;扩充;放大(照片)vi.增大1inruins毁坏;成为废墟fall/comeintoruin逐渐破碎bring...toruin使……失败;使……毁坏Heavysmokingruinedhishealth.过度吸烟损害了他的健康。Thebadweatherhasruinedallmypleasurefortheholiday.糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。\n[夯实基础]语法填空(1)YearsoffightinghasleftIraqruined(ruin).(2)Itrainedfortwoweeksonend,completelyruining(ruin)ourholiday.(3)Thiscountrywasonceproudofitseducationsystem.Nowitseemstobeinruins.(4)Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeingreducedtoruins,thecitytookonanewlook.2[应试指导] 非谓语动词句法功能的考查set/layatrapfor为……设下圈套becaughtinatrap=fallintoatrap落入陷阱betrappedin被困在……;使陷入……困境trapsb.intodoing...诱骗某人做……Shehadset/laidatrapforhimandhehadwalkedstraightintoit.她给他设下圈套,他就径直钻了进去。Shewastrappedintheburninghouseatthatmoment.那时她被困在燃烧着的房子里。[夯实基础]语法填空(1)Wereyoujusttryingtotrapherintomakingamistakendecision?(2)HermotherDonnawastrapped(trap)inthedestroyedbuilding.(3)MarysetatrapforPeterandhereallyfellintoit.(4)Trapped(trap)inatrafficjam,hehadtobepatient,waiting.3[应试指导] 非谓语动词句法功能的考查burysth.in...把……埋在……buryoneselfin埋头于,专心于beburiedin专心于Thepaperwasburiedunderapileofbooks.那份文件被埋在书堆下。Shesatthere,buriedinthought.她坐在那儿,陷入了沉思。\n[夯实基础](1)用bury的适当形式填空①Hewalkedslowly,hishandburiedinhispocket.②Thegirlwassittingonthebenchinthepark,buryingherheadinthebookinherhands.③Theythinkshewasburiedinthedesert,alongwithafewothers.(2)Becausesheburiedherselfinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.①Buryingherselfinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)②Buriedinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)4[应试指导] 交际用语中的用法congratulations(tosb.)onsth.就……(向某人)祝贺Congratulations!祝贺你!(口语)congratulatevt.祝贺,向……道喜congratulatesb.onsth.为某事向某人祝贺Congratulationsonyourhappymarriage!祝贺你喜结良缘![特别提醒](1)congratulation用作祝贺语时,通常用复数形式;作为“祝贺”这一抽象意义时,通常用单数形式。(2)congratulate后不接带不定式的复合结构或that从句。[夯实基础]语法填空(1)—IgotthatjobIwantedatthepubliclibrary.—Congratulations(congratulate)!That’sgoodnews.(2)Icongratulatemyselfonhavingchosenagoodwomantobemywife.(3)Wecongratulatedhimonhavingpassedtheexam.5[多词一义] preparefor,getreadyfor,makepreparationsfor,bepreparedforpreparefor为……作准备\npreparesb.sth.=preparesth.forsb.为某人准备……bepreparedfor.../todo...准备好……preparationn.准备inpreparationfor为……作准备makepreparationsfor为……作准备—I’vepreparedallkindsoffoodforthepicnic.—Doyoumeanweneedn’tbringanythingwithus?——我已经准备好了野餐要带的各种食物。——你的意思是我们不必带任何东西了吗?(湖南,25)Justinhadopenedseveralbottlesofwineinpreparationfortheparty.贾斯廷已开了好几瓶葡萄酒为聚会作准备。[夯实基础]语法填空(1)TheForeignMinisterwasnotpreparedforsuchquestions.(2)Ifwehadn’tmadeadequatepreparations(prepare),theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.(3)—Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.—Iwouldhaveattendedit,butIwasbusypreparing(prepare)forajobinterview.(4)Wewon’tstarttheworkuntilallthepreparationshavebeenmade(make).(5)Wellprepared(prepare)forthecomingexam,hefeltquiteconfident.6[应试指导] “think+副词+of”在写作中的运用thinkmuch/highly/wellof重视;看重;对……高度评价bewell/highlythoughtof被……高度评价singhighpraiseof/for高度评价Igavehimsomeadvice,buthethoughtlittleofit.我给他提了几条建议,但他根本不理会。[夯实基础](1)语法填空—HowdidyoufindtheconcertinBeijingGrandTheaterlastnight?—Ithoughtlittleofit,buttheconductorperformedverywell.\n(2)同义句改写①ShewashighlythoughtofandwascalledoneoftheChinesetenfilialpietystars(中国十大孝星之一).Highlythoughtof,shewascalledoneoftheChinesetenfilialpietystars.(用过去分词短语改写句子)②Shethoughtnothingoftravellingaroundtheworldaloneandwentonajourneyonherown.Thinkingnothingoftravellingaroundtheworldalone,shewentonajourneyonherown.(用现在分词短语改写句子)7[应试指导] insteadof连接并列结构insteadof后面可接名词、代词、形容词、副词、动名词、介词短语等。insteadadv.代替,可置于句首或句末,在句首时常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。Insteadofshoutingemptyslogans,itismoremeaningfultodonatebooksandsportsgoodstochildreninneed.不要空喊口号,把书和运动物品捐给那些需要的孩子们会更有意义。(江苏·书面表达)[夯实基础]语法填空(1)Thisorderofyoursissmallerinsteadoflarger(large).(2)Hewillgoinsteadofme(my).(3)Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathedidsomethinginsteadofjusttalking(talk).(4)Theywentthereonfootinsteadofbybus.(5)Theyoungmancouldn’taffordanewcar.Instead,heboughtausedone.8[应试指导] (1)主谓一致 (2)number前冠词的考查thenumberof...……的数量(作主语时,谓语动词用单数)表示“许多;大量”的其他表达方式:+复数名词+复数谓语动词agreat/goodmanyof+(the,my等)修饰语+复数名词+复数谓语动词+不可数名词+单数谓语动词+可数或不可数名词+复数谓语动词+\nAnumberofproblemshavearisen.已经出现了一些问题。Quantitiesof/Massesoffoodwereonthetable.饭桌上有许多饭菜。[夯实基础]语法填空(1)—Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?—Becauselargequantitiesofwaterhavebeenpolluted(pollute).(2)InChina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing(increase)whosedevelopmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.(3)Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisen(arise)wheretherewasnothingayearagobutruins.1Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.在农场里,鸡甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。(1)too...to...太……而不能……(2)too...to...与not或never连用时,意为“无论……也不过分,越……越好”。cannotbetoo...再……也不过分(3)only/just/buttoo...to...非常……去做(too前的only,just,but不仅没有否定意义,反而加重了too的肯定语气)(4)tooready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy...to...句型表示肯定,作“过于、太会……”解。(5)too...notto...表示肯定,含义是“非常……必定能;太……不会不……”。That’sthenewmachinewhosepartsaretoosmalltobeseen.那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。I’llbeonlytoopleasedtobeabletodothejobforyou.我能为您效劳,真是十分高兴。[夯实基础]翻译句子\n(1)Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.活到老学到老。(2)Youcannotbetoocareful.小心无过火。/你再小心也不为过。/你越小心越好。(3)Sheistooreadytogetangry.她动不动就生气。(4)Maryistoowisenottoknowit.玛丽很聪明,不会不懂的。2all...not=notall...部分否定,也称半否定。具有总括意义的代词(each,everybody,everything,all,both等)、形容词(complete,whole等)和副词(completely,always,wholly,altogether等)与否定词not连用,构成部分否定,表示“不都;并非都”。而no,none,never,nobody,neither,nothing,nomore,nolonger等表示否定意义的词与谓语一起使用构成了全部否定。Everythingisnotright.并非什么都好。Nothingcanchangehermind.没有任何东西能改变她的主意。[夯实基础]把下列半否定的句子改为全否定(1)Noteverythingshedidpleasedhim.Nothingshedidpleasedhim.(2)Bothofthemarenotmybrothers.Neitherofthemismybrother.(3)Idonotrememberallthedetails.Iremembernoneofthedetails.(4)Sheisnotalwaysexcited.Sheisneverexcited.3单元语法——用定语从句的引导词完成句子(1)Aplaneisamachinethat/whichcanfly.(2)Thenoodlesthat/whichIhadweredelicious.\n(3)Mr.Readistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.(4)Thisistheboywhosecompositiontheteachertalkedof.(5)Thebossinwhosecompanymyfatherworkedisaverykindperson.高考题组Ⅰ.短文改错(2022·辽宁)DearJeremyandAlice,Althoughwe’vebeendelightedtohaveyouasneighbors,we’rehopingtosettlesomethingthatbotherstous.Inaword,yourdog—Cleo.We’vecalledseveraltimeaboutCleo’searlymorningbarking.Itisdifficulttounderstandingwhyshebarkseveryminuteshe’soutside.Theearlymorningbarkinghavebeendisturbingusasweareoftenupallnightwiththebaby.Beside,Cleotendstobarkaaverageofsixhoursaday.Thismorningshestartsbarkingevenbefore5o’clock.Thatistoomuchforus,consideringhowcloselythehousesare.Weappreciateourapologiesandgoodwill,butwehopethatyoucanfigureagoodwayofsettlingthematter.Sincerely,JackandRose答案DearJeremyandAlice,Althoughwe’vebeendelightedtohaveyouasneighbors,we’rehopingtosettlesomethingthatbotherstous.Inaword,yourdog—Cleo.We’vecalledseveralaboutCleo’searlymorningbarking.Itisdifficulttowhyshebarkseveryminuteshe’soutside.Theearlymorningbarkingbeendisturbingusasweareoftenupallnightwiththebaby.,Cleotendstobarkaverageofsixhoursaday.Thismorningshebarkingevenbefore5o’clock.Thatistoomuchforus,consideringhowthehousesare.\nWeappreciateapologiesandgoodwill,butwehopethatyoucanfigureagoodwayofsettlingthematter.Sincerely,JackandRoseⅡ.写作常用句翻译1.我马上去给她拿了些药然后为她做了些面条。(prepare)(2022·北京·情景作文)Iimmediatelywenttogethersomemedicineandthenpreparedsomenoodlesforher.2.父母不应为孩子包办一切,而应是鼓励他们克服困难,激励他们自我发展。(insteadof)(2022·福建·书面表达)Insteadofdoingeverythingforthem,parentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentoovercomedifficultiesandinspirethemtodevelopbythemselves.3.我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然泪如泉涌。(burstintotears)(2022·湖北·完成句子)Idon’tknowwhatinthenovelmadehimburstintotears.4.然而,有些课文有太多难以理解的生词和短语,因此我建议把这些文章换成简单点的。(express)(2022·辽宁·书面表达)However,someofthetextshavetoomanynewwordsandexpressionswhicharehardforus.Therefore,I’dliketosuggestchangingthemintoeasierones.5.我写信邀请你担任6月15日在我们学校举行的英语演讲比赛的裁判。(judge)(2022·大纲全国Ⅰ·书面表达)I’mwritingtoinviteyoutobeajudgeatourEnglishspeechcontesttobeheldinourschoolonJune15.模拟题组Ⅰ.语法填空1.Theyfoundthepreciousmanuscriptswerehopelesslyruined(ruin)bylongexposureinthecold,dampcellar.2.Havingtrapped(trap)intheruinsforfivedays,hecouldhardlysurvive.3.Buried(bury)inthenewspaper,Ididn’tnoticewhatwashappening.4.Upongraduationfromschool,howwellwillyoubeprepared(prepare)forthejobthatliesahead?5.Agreatnumberofchildrenwhoseparentshaddiedintheearthquakeweresent(send)tolivewithfamiliesinothercities.6.Lilyhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwasmuchtooheavytocarry(carry)all\nthewayhome.7.—Whichofthetwocomputergamesdidyouprefer?—ActuallyIdidn’tlikeeitherofthem.8.I’mcallingtoenquireaboutthepositionadvertised(advertise)inyesterday’sChinaDaily.9.Maryhasaverygoodmemoryandcanremembereverythingexactlyasifithappened(happen)yesterday.10.Mariahaswrittentwonovels,bothofwhichhavebeenmadeintotelevisionseries.Ⅱ.单句改错1.Aftertheearthquake,thewholecitywasinruin.ruin→ruins2.Anaccidenthappened.Luckily,nobodybadlyinjured.nobody后加上was3.Luckilyforhim,hesurvivedfromthecarcrash.去掉from4.Theexpresstrainarrivedonscheduleaswasusual.去掉was5.Everywherethattheyappeared,theymetwithstrongprotests.去掉that6.TwothirdsofthepeoplediedorwasinjuredduringtheWenchuanearthquake.was→were7.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,theythoughtlittleoftheseevents,wenttobedasusualthatnight.they→who8.Believeitornot,Lily’ssisterburstintocryingwhenwewereeating.into→out或crying→tears9.Thetwoladiesareofthesameage,butitlooksasifoneweretenyearsolderthanother.than后加上the10.AftervisitingChina,mostoftheforeignfriendssaidtheywouldneverforgetthetimewhentheyhadspentinChina.when→that/which或去掉whenⅢ.写作句式升级训练Comparedwiththedriverwhohadescaped,Iamproudofmyaction.(素材来源于2022·湖北·短文写作)Comparedwiththeescapeddriver,IamproudofwhatIdid.(用过去分词作定语及what从句改写句子)

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