(全国通用)2022届高考英语一轮复习 课时作业(二十二)Module 4 Great Scientists 外研版必修4
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(全国通用)2022届高考英语一轮复习课时作业(二十二)Module4 GreatScientists外研版必修4(限时:35分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空 1.[2022·辽宁卷]Leaveyourkeywithyourneighbor________youlockyourselfoutoneday.A.aslongasB.eventhoughC.incaseD.asif2.[2022·北京卷]Onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand________them.A.correctsB.correctC.tocorrectD.correcting3.—Whydoestheriversmellterrible?—Becauselargequantitiesofwater________.A.havepollutedB.isbeingpollutedC.hasbeenpollutedD.havebeenpolluted4.Youareoldenoughto________yourownliving.A.winB.gainC.takeD.earn5.Johnisn'theretoday.Whocan________himinthegame?A.replaceB.taketheplaceC.insteadofD.inplaceof6.Hisideaofhavingweeklyfamilymealstogether,whichseemeddifficultatfirst,has________manygoodchangesintheirlives.A.gotthroughB.resultedfromC.turnedintoD.broughtabout7.Hetriedtomakeit________tohisparentsthathedidn'tlikethejobatall.A.clearB.cleanC.obviousD.anxious8.Afternumerousexperiments,somedoctorshavemadea________inthetreatmentofcancer.A.breakdownB.breakupC.breakthroughD.breakout9.Hissisterlefthomein1998,and________since.A.hadnotbeenheardofB.hasnotbeenheardof6\nC.hadnotheardofD.hasnotheardof10.Thekey________theproblemoftrafficjamsistopaythe“congestioncharge”________bythemayorofLondon.A.tosolving;introducingB.tosolve;introducingC.tosolving;introducedD.tosolve;introduced11.Thereissomethingweneedto________beforethemeetingbegins.A.clearupB.clearawayC.cleanupD.cleanout12.Youwerefortunateenoughtoescape________fordrunkendriving,butdon'tdrinkagain.A.finingB.tofineC.beingfinedD.tobefined13.Youngchildrenshouldbe________tobehonestandequal. A.broughtupB.broughtoutC.broughtdownD.broughtin14.—Isthisa(n)________paintingbyPicasso?—No.It'sonlyagoodcopy.A.stapleB.originalC.personalD.traditional15.Theoldmanwastakingawalk,________byhisgrandson.A.supportingB.supportedC.beingsupportedD.havingsupportedⅡ.阅读理解AThemostexcitingkindofeducationisalsothemostpersonal.Nothingcanexceedthejoyofdiscoveringforyourselfsomethingthatisimportanttoyou!Itmaybeanideaorabitofinformationyoucomeacrossaccidentallyorasuddenunderstanding,fittingtogetherpiecesofinformationorworkingthroughaproblem.Suchpersonalencountersarethe“payoff”ineducation.Ateachermaydirectyoutolearningandevenencourageyouinit—butnoteachercanmaketheexcitementorthejoyhappen.That'suptoyou.Aresearchpaper,assignedinacourseandperhapscheckedatvariousstagesbyaninstructor,leadsyoubeyondclassrooms,beyondthetextsforclassesandintoaprocesswherethejoyofdiscoveryandlearningcancometoyoumanytimes.Preparingtheresearchpaperisanactiveandindividualprocess,andanideallearningprocess.Itprovidesastructurewithinwhichyoucanmakeexcitingdiscoveries,ofknowledgeandofself,whicharebasictoeducation.Theresearchpaperalsogivesyouachancetoindividualizeaschoolassignment,tosuitapieceofworktoyourowninterestsandabilitiesandtoshowotherswhatyoucando.Writingaresearchpaperismorethanaclassroomexercise.Itisanexperienceinsearchingout,understandingandsynthesizing,whichformsthebasisofmanyskills6\napplicabletobothacademicandnonacademictasks.Itis,inthefullestsense,adiscovery,aneducation.So,toproduceagoodresearchpaperisbothausefulandathoroughlysatisfyingexperience!Tosome,thethoughtofhavingtowriteanassignednumberofpages,oftenmorethaneverproducedbefore,isdisconcerting.Toothers,theveryideaofhavingtoworkindependentlyisthreatening.Butthereisnoneedtoapproachpaperassignmentwithanxiety,andnobodyshouldviewtheresearchpaperasanobstacletoovercome.Instead,consideritagoaltoaccomplish,agoalwithinreachifyouusethehelpthispassagecangiveyou.16.Accordingtothewriter,personaldiscoveriesinstudy________.A.willgiveoneencouragementanddirectionB.arehelpfulinfindingtherightinformationC.arethemostvaluablepartofone'spersonaleducationD.willhelponetosuccessfullycompleteschoolassignments17.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwritingaresearchpapergivesonechances________.A.tofullydevelopone'spersonalabilitiesB.topracticetheskillslearntintheclassroomC.toprovethatoneisaproductivewriterD.toshowhowwellonecanaccomplishschoolassignments18.Fromthecontext,theunderlinedword“encounters”(Para.1)mostprobablymeans“________”.A.interestsB.experiencesC.entertainmentsD.abilities19.Whatwillprobablyfollowthispassage?A.Howtowritearesearchpaper.B.Theimportanceofresearchineducation.C.Howtomakenewdiscoveriesforoneself.D.Theskillofputtingpiecesofinformationtogether.BComparedtoadults,childrenseemtobemovingconstantly.Soit'snosurprisethatmostparentswhoarequizzedabouttheirchild'sphysicalactivityleveldescribetheirchildrenasfairlyactive.Butanewstudyofnearly2,000Britishschoolchildrensuggeststhatmanyparentsoverestimatetheamountofphysicalactivitytheirchildrenarereallygetting.Theresearchersequipped1,892Britishschoolchildren,ages9and10,withaccelerometersthatmeasureallphysicalactivityduringagiventimeperiod.Theresearch,knownastheSpeedyStudycollectedtheexercisedatafromchildrenat92schoolsinNorfolk,England,betweenAprilandJuly2022.Achildwasregardedinactiveifheorsherecordedlessthananhouradayofphysicalactivity.Althoughthemajorityofchildrenstudiedweregettingenoughphysicalactivity,a_sizable_minority_of_children_were_not.Overall,39percentofgirlsand18percentofboysstudiedweregettinglessthananhourofphysicalactivityeachday.6\nButifyouaskedtheparentsoftheinactivechildrentodescribetheirchild'sactivitylevel,thevastmajority—80percent—describedtheirchildrenasfairlyorveryphysicallyactive,accordingtothefindingspublishedintheAmericanJournalofPreventiveMedicine.Interestingly,thechildrenthemselveshadmoreawarenessabouttheirlackofphysicalactivity.Overall,40percentofchildrenoverestimatedtheirphysicalactivity.Butitwasn'ttheparentsofoverweightchildrenwhoweremostlikelytoguesswrongaboutphysicalactivitylevels.Theparentswhoweremostoutoftouchabouttheirchild'sphysicalfitnessweremorelikelytohavechildrenwhowereslim.Parentsofgirlswerealsomorelikelytooverestimatephysicalactivity.Theresearchersnotedthatparentsshouldbeeducatedabouttheimportanceofphysicalactivityforchildrenevenifthechildisnotoverweight.“Parentsofslimchildrenappeartoassumethattheirchildrenareadequatelyactive,”thestudyauthorsreported.“Increasingawarenessregardinghealthbenefitsofphysicalactivitybeyondweightcontrolmighthelphaveacorrectideaofphysicalactivitylevelsandencouragebehaviorchange.”20.AccordingtotheSpeedyStudywhatkindofchildrencanbejudgedphysicallyinactive?A.Slimchildren.B.Childrenwithlessthananhouradayofphysicalactivity.C.Overweightchildren.D.Childrenoutoftouchwiththeirparentsforalongtime.21.Whatdoesthewriterprobablymeanbysaying“asizableminorityofchildrenwerenot”inParagraph3?A.Theamountofchildren'sphysicalactivityisfarfromthewriter'ssatisfaction.B.Alotofchildrenwerenotgettingenoughphysicalactivity.C.Asmallnumberofchildrendidn'toverestimatetheirphysicalactivity.D.Theminorityofchildrenwerenotstudiedatall.22.Thepassageisintendedto________.A.encourageparentstofairlyjudgetheirchildren'sphysicalactivitylevelsB.persuadeparentstokeepaneyeontheirchildren'sweightC.urgechildrentowearaccelerometersduringexerciseD.adviseparentstokeepintouchwiththeirchildren课时作业(二十二)Ⅰ.1.C 考查连词。分析空前后两个句子的逻辑关系我们知道,空后的内容是条件,因此选incase,意思是“以防”。句意:把你的钥匙留给你的邻居,以防有一天你把自己锁在外面。其他三个选项中,aslongas也是表示“条件”,但是意思是“只要”;eventhough引导让步状语从句,意思是“即使”;asif引导方式状语从句,意思是“似乎”。2.D 考查非谓语动词的用法。and前后连接的两个动名词都是用来作介词by的宾语,是并列结构。句意:一个人通过犯错和改错来学习一门语言。3.D 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响,时态用现在完成时,动词表示的动作与主语是被动关系,用被动语态。主语是largequantitiesof6\nwater,其中心词是quantities,谓语动词用复数,故选D。4.D 考查动词辨析。earnone'sliving的意思是“自谋生计”,符合句意“你已经足够成熟了,应该自谋生计了”。5.A replace是动词,意为“代替,取代”;taketheplaceof是动词短语,意为“代替,取代”,而B项缺少of;insteadof和inplaceof也有此意,但都是介词短语,而缺少谓语,故选A。6.D 考查动词短语辨析。bringabout意为“带来,引起”;getthrough意为“接通(电话)”;resultfrom意为“因……发生”;turninto意为“变成”。句意:他的每周家庭聚餐的想法起初似乎实施起来很难,现在已经给他们的生活带来了许多良好的变化。故D项正确。7.A 考查形容词辨析。makeitclearthat…“清楚地阐明……”。句意为:他尽力向他的父母说清楚他根本不喜欢这份工作。8.C 考查名词辨析。makeabreakthrough表示“取得突破”,为固定搭配。9.B 句意:他妹妹在1998年离开家,自从那时就没有音讯了。表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,用现在完成时。10.C thekeytodoingsth意为“做某事的关键”,to为介词,后面接名词、代词或动名词。congestioncharge和introduce之间是被动关系,故选introduced,相当于whichwasintroduced。11.A 考查动词短语辨析。clearup解释,把……弄清楚,澄清;clearaway收拾,整理;cleanup彻底打扫,清理,整顿;cleanout把……打扫干净。12.C 考查非谓语动词。“escape+n./pron./v.ing”表示“逃避,避免做……”,escapebeingdone表示“避免被……”;fine和主语you之间是被动关系,故选C。13.A 考查动词短语辨析。bringup抚养,教育;bringout生产,出版,显示出来;bringdown击败,降低,减少;bringin赚钱,赢利,引进。14.B 考查形容词辨析。根据语境这里表示“原版的”。original最初的,原始的,原版的;staple主要的;personal个人的;traditional传统的。15.B 句意:这位老人在他孙子的搀扶下散步。support与theoldman之间是动宾关系,故用动词的过去分词作状语。Ⅱ.A本文旨在通过对researchpaper的介绍,鼓励大家多做调查研究。因为在调查研究的过程中获得的愉悦是非常美好的。16.C 细节理解题。从第一段第二句可以得出答案。17.A 推理判断题。从第二段作者对researchpaper的肯定性描述可以得出答案。18.B 词义猜测题。从上文中可以看出,作者是在描述个人获得的愉悦的经历。19.A 推理判断题。从最后一段最后一句可以得出答案。B与成年人相比,孩子好像在不停地活动,因此许多父母错误地判断了孩子的运动量。20.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话可知,如果孩子一天的运动时间少于1个小时,那么他就被认为是不好动的。21.A 句意理解题。根据第三段第二句可知,本句不是要强调大部分孩子得到了足够的锻炼,而是要让人们注意到还有一些孩子的运动时间没有达到标准,由此可以看出作者对孩子的运动量并不满意。22.A6\n 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知许多父母过高地估计了孩子的运动量,因此本文的写作目的就是要求父母能够客观地判断孩子的运动量。6
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