（北京专用）2022届高考英语一轮复习方案 作业手册（2） Unit 2 English around the world（含解析） 新人教版必修1

课时作业(二)　[必修1　Unit2Englisharoundtheworld](限时：35分钟)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ⅰ.单项填空1．—Wouldyoumindgivingyouradviceonhowtoimproveourlearningefficiency?—Ifyoumake________mostoffortyfiveminutes'classesdayafterday，therewillbe________switchingrades.A．/;/B．the;aC．/;aD．the;/2．Thedirectorwillbynomeansturntheactressaway________herqualificationfortherole.A．becauseofB．regardlessofC．inspiteofD．despiteof3．—It'smanyyearssinceIsawyoulasttime;I________youatall.—Iwouldn'thave,either,ifsomeone________youbythename.A．didn'trecognize;hadn'tcalledB．didn'trecognize;didn'tcallC．haven'trecognized;didn'tcallD．recognized;hadcalled4．Hetriedtogethiswork________inthemedicalcircles.A．torecognizeB．recognizingC．beingrecognizedD．recognized5．Don'trespondtoanyemails________personalinformation，nomatterhowofficialtheylook.A．searchingB．askingC．requestingD．questioning6．Safety?Thereis________thingassafetyherenow!A．notsuchB．nosuchC．notasuchD．nosucha7．—Doyouneedanyhelp,Lucy?—Yes.Thejobis________Icoulddomyself.A．lessthanB．morethanC．nomorethanD．notmorethan8．It'salwaysdifficultbeinginaforeigncountry,________ifyoudon'tspeakthelanguage.A．extremelyB．naturallyC．basicallyD．especially9．—Alvin,areyoucomingwithus?-6-\n—I'dloveto,butsomethingunexpected________．A．hascomeupB．wascomingupC．hadcomeupD．wouldcomeup10．________onatruestory,thefilmiswellworth________．A．Tobase；toseeB．Based；seeingC．Basing；beingseenD．Basing；seeing11．Evenifhehasbeenateacherfor20years,Peterhasagoodandseriousattitudetowardshiswork,forwhichhegainsalotof________．A．competenceB．motivationC．expectationD．recognition12．Alotofcountrieshavegainedgreatachievementsinspacetechnology,________ChinaandIndia.A．forexampleB．thatisC．suchasD．inotherwords13．WhenMomlookedbackontheearlydaysoftheirmarriage，shewonderedhowtheyhadmanagedwith________money.A．sofewB．suchfewC．solittleD．suchlittle14．Iamafraidhe'smoreofatalkerthanadoer，whichis________heneverfinishesanything.A．thatB．whenC．whereD．why15．—Yousmokeheavily,soIthinkit'shardforyoutogiveupsmoking.—________，I'vemadeit.A．NevermindB．TakeyourtimeC．That'sallrightD．BelieveitornotⅡ.阅读理解Manypeoplethinkthatcommunicationisthesourceofmostoftheirworkrelatedconflicts,butthey'dbewrong.Inaworkcontext,moreconflictscomefromstructuralrelationshipsandpersonaldifferencesthancommunicationitself.Organizationscreatejobdescriptions,specializedworkgroups,andauthorityrelationships,allwiththeintenttoimprovecoordination(协调).Butindoingso,theyseparatepeopleandcreatethepotentialforconflicts.Forinstance,departmentswithinorganizationshavediversegoals.Purchasingisconcernedwiththetimelyacquisitionofmaterialsandsuppliesatlowprices;qualitycontrol'sattentionisfocusedonimprovingqualityandensuringthattheorganization'sproductsmeetstandard.Whengroupswithinanorganizationseekdiverseends,thereisincreasedpotentialforconflicts.Haveyouevermetpeopletowhomyoutookanimmediatedisliking?Mostoftheopinionstheyexpressed,youdisagreedwith.Eveninsignificantcharacteristics—thewaytheycockedtheirheadwhentheytalkedorsmirkedwhentheysmiled—annoyedyou.We'veallmetpeoplelikethat,andmanyofushavetoworkwithpeoplelikethis.Today'sorganizationsareincreasinglydiverseintermsofage,genderandrace.So,notsurprisingly,employeesdifferontheimportancetheyplaceongeneralvalues-6-\nsuchasresponsibility,equalityandambition.Theyalsodifferonjobrelatedvaluessuchastheimportanceoffamilyoverworkorfreedomagainstauthority.Thesedifferencesoftensurfaceinworkrelatedinteractionsandcreatesignificantinterpersonalconflicts.Theabovedoesn'tmeanthatcommunicationcan'tbeasourceofconflicts.Itcan.Differingwordconnotations,insufficientexchangeofinformation,poorlisteningskills,andthelike,createconflicts.Butthebeliefthat“wecandealwithourdifferencesifwejustcommunicatemore”isnotnecessarilytrue.Theevidenceactuallyshowsthatthepotentialforconflictsincreaseswhenthereistoomuchcommunicationaswellaswhenthere'stoolittle.Sowhenyou'retryingtomanageconflicts,takeathoughtfullookattheirsource.It'smorelikelythattheconflictiscomingfromworkrelatedrequirements,personalitydifferences,ordissimilarvalues;itisfrompoorcommunication.Andthatmightinfluencetheactionsyoutaketoresolvetheconflict.16．FromPara.2,weknowthatinanorganization,________．A．jobdescriptionscaneffectivelyimprovecooperationB．differentgoalsofbranchesmaycausedisagreementsC．divisionoflaborusuallyresultsinharmoniousrelationshipD．thesettingofdifferentdepartmentsistoencouragecompetition17．Thewriterholdsthat________．A．fewerconflictswillappearifwecommunicatemoreB．mostpeoplesharesimilarvaluesinthesameorganizationC．communicationisjustoneofthereasonsformostconflictsD．we'dbettercalmdownbeforetakingactionwheninconflict18．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?CP:CentralPoint　P:Point　Sp:Subpoint(次要点)　C:ConclusionⅢ.[2022·北京卷]阅读填空根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EmpathyLastyear,researchersfromtheUniversityofMichiganreportedthatempathy,-6-\ntheabilitytounderstandotherpeople,amongcollegestudentshaddroppedsharplyoverthepast10years.__19__Today,peoplespendmoretimealoneandarelesslikelytojoingroupsandclubs.JenniferFreed,acodirectorofateenprogram,hasanotherexplanation.TurnontheTV,andyou'reshoweredwithnewsandrealityshowsfullofpeoplefighting,competing,andgenerallytreatingoneanotherwithnorespect.__20__Therearegoodreasonsnottofollowthosebadexamples.Humansaresociallyrelatedbynature.__21__Researchershavealsofoundthatempatheticteenagersaremorelikelytohavehighselfrespect.Besides,empathycanbeacureforloneliness,sadness,anxiety,andfear.Empathyisalsoanindicationofagoodleader.Infact,Freedsays,manytopcompaniesreportthatempathyisoneofthemostimportantthingstheylookforinnewmanagers.__22__“Academicsareimportant.Butifyoudon'thaveemotional(情感的)intelligence,youwon'tbeassuccessfulinworkorinyourlovelife，”shesays.What'tthebestwaytoupyourEQ(情商)？Forstarters,letdownyourguardandreallylistentoothers.__23__Toreallydevelopempathy,you'dbettervolunteeratanursinghomeorahospital,joinacluborateamthathasadiversemembership,havea“sharingcircle”withyourfamily,orspendtimecaringforpetsatananimalshelter.A．Everyoneisdifferent,andlevelsofempathydifferfrompersontoperson.B．Thatcouldbebecausesomanypeoplehavereplacedfacetimewithscreentime,theresearcherssaid.C．“Onedoesn'tdevelopempathybyhavingalotofopinionsanddoingalotoftalking，”Freedsays.D．Humanslearnbyexample—andmostoftheexamplesonitareanythingbutempathetic.E．Empathyisamatteroflearninghowtounderstandsomeoneelse—bothwhattheythinkandhowtheyfeel.F．Goodsocialskills—includingempathy—areakindof“emotionalintelligence”thatwillhelpyousucceedinmanyareasoflife.G．Havingrelationshipswithotherpeopleisanimportantpartofbeinghuman—andhavingempathyisdecisivetothoserelationships.参考答案课时作业(二)Ⅰ.1.B　考查冠词用法。makethemostof充分利用；第二个空表示“数量一”，用a。aswitch一个改变。2．A　考查介词短语的含义。句意：导演绝不会拒绝那个演员，因为她适合这个角色。3．A　考查动词的时态和虚拟语气。句意：——自从我上次见到你已经有好多年了；我刚才根本没把你认出来。——如果没有人叫你名字，我也认不出你。第一空用一般过去时表示刚才(过去)发生的事实；第二空根据主句“Iwouldn'thave(recognized)”可判断。4．D　考查过去分词作宾补。recognize与句子的宾语hiswork之间是动宾关系，所以要用被动形式，据此可将A和B排除。答案选D，“get＋宾语＋过去分词”使……被……-6-\n5．C　考查动词辨析。request意为“请求，恳求，恳请，要求，需要”，常用于委婉地说明自己的需要，有礼貌地正式地向他人提出请求，语气比较委婉，往往用于恐怕对方不能答应的场合。在该句中表示“不要回复任何索要个人信息的电子邮件”。search意为“寻找”；ask意为“问”；question意为“询问，讯问，审问”。6．B　考查词序。nosuch＋单数名词，意为“没有这样的……”，此处such指代“这样的，那样的，下述一类的”。7．B　考查固定短语。由答句中yes可知，后面指“这项工作我自己完不成”。故答案为morethan“多于，超过”。lessthan＝nomorethan“小于，少于”；notmorethan“至多”。8．D　考查副词辨析。extremely的意思是“极端地”；naturally的意思是“自然地”；basically的意思是“基本上”；especially的意思是“特别地”。从句意看出，应填especially,强调不会说那个国家的语言会感到更加困难。9．A　考查动词时态(现在完成时)。句意：——艾琳，你要和我们一起去吗？——我想去，但是发生了点意外。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作或事情对现在造成了一定的影响，符合语境，故答案选A。B项表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作或所处的状态；C项表示过去的过去；D项表示过去的将来要发生的事情，均不符合语境，故排除。10．B　考查短语的搭配及非谓语动词的用法。句意：由于以真实的故事为根据，这部电影很值得看。baseon以……为基础，base与其逻辑主语thefilm之间为动宾关系，故用过去分词形式作状语；beworthdoing值得做，doing为主动形式表示被动含义。11．D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使彼得当老师已经20年了，他对于自己的工作还是抱着良好认真的态度，这为他赢得了广泛的认可。competence意为“能力，胜任”；motivation意为“动机，积极性”；expectation意为“预料，期望”；recognition意为“承认，认出，赏识”。根据句意可知D项正确。12．C　考查短语辨析。suchas用于部分列举，后紧跟例词。forexample后跟逗号隔开；thatis相当于inotherwords意为“也就是说，换句话说”。13．C　考查so和such的用法。根据语境可知，此处表示“如此少的钱”。few修饰可数名词，故首先排除A、B两项；当不可数名词前有many，few，much，little修饰时，只能用so而不能用such，这是一种固定用法。故此处C项正确。又如：somanybooks这么多书；sofewpeople这么少的人；somuchmoney那么多的钱；solittlemilk那么少的牛奶。14．D　考查表语从句。很显然，前文所说的(他是一个空谈家而不是一个实干家)是下文(他一事无成)的原因。由此可知应该选why。15．D　考查情景交际。句意：——你吸烟很严重，我认为你很难戒掉。——信不信由你，我戒掉了。Ⅱ.16.B　细节理解题。第二段“Whengroupswithinanorganizationseekdiverseends,thereisincreasedpotentialforconflicts.”为目标句，说明人们目标不同，就会产生冲突，即不一致。所以选B。17．C　细节理解题。根据第五段“thepotentialforconflictsincreaseswhenthereistoomuchcommunicationaswellaswhenthere'stoolittle”可知，A项不正确；根据第三、四段内容可知，B项不正确；D项没有提及。根据整篇文章我们知道，引起冲突的原因有两个，一个是结构性关系和个体差别，另一个是沟通。所以选C。18．B　篇章结构题。本文采用的是“总—分—总”式的论述方式，第一段提出论点：冲突来自两个方面，即大多数冲突更多来源于结构性的关系和个人差异，而不是交流本身。第二段的关键词是potential，讲冲突的潜在；第三、四段描述具体的冲突；第五段对上述前四段的一个反面论述，讲述交流带来的冲突；第六段总结全文。所以本题答案应该选B。-6-\nⅢ.本文是一篇社会科学方面的论文，内容是Empathy(同感，共鸣)。文章遵循“下定义——列举现象——分析原因——正面导向——方法指导”的思路写成。结构严谨。19.B　本空考查逻辑关系。该空前面句子列举出现象，然后进行归因。选项中“facetime”、“screentime”与空后句子中的“spendmoretimealoneandarelesslikelytojoingroupsandclubs”对应，所以选B。20.D　本空考查核心句归纳。文章第二段为诠释与例证，进一步说明第一段的论点。在列举完例子后，进行段落归纳。电视上的打斗、竞争和彼此不尊重，都是不能引起人们产生共鸣的原因。选择项中的“anythingbut”意思是“根本不是，绝不是”。21.G　本空考查诠释与例证，也是承上启下句。空前讲到人类天生是社会性的，空后讲有同情心的青少年可能有着高度的自尊，同情也有利于人们摆脱不良情绪。所以选G。22.F　本空考查承上启下。本段主要讲述的是情感智能，因此本句放入文中最能体现文章的整体性和一致性，故选F。23.C　本空考查并列的逻辑关系。根据空前“listentoothers”说的是要做个好的倾听者，所以空白处会填入有关听的技巧，故选C。-6-