（新课标）2022届高考英语二轮复习 unit3 period 2 Learning about Language & Using Language同步精炼 新人教版选修8

Unit3InventorsandinventionsPeriod2LearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage同步精练（人教版选修8，课标通用）　　　时间：30分钟Ⅰ.短语填空everytime；ringback；setout(todo)；hangon；getthrough；ringoff；outoforder；diveinto；beatentrack；beassociatedwith1.Greenis________________harmonyandpeace.2．IhavefinshedwhatIhadtosay,soI'll________________.3．________________！I'llbebackintwoshakes!4．Ifeveryonekeepsinline,we'll________________theCustomsmorequickly.5．Remembertoholdyourbreathwhenyou________________water.6．Weoughttohaveenterprisingspiritsandnottofollowthe________________.7．They________________________performtheoperation.8．Icouldn'tringbecausethephonewas________________________.9．________________hegetshome,heasksformoney.10．Ifsherings，I'lltellherthatI'll________________later.答案　1.associatedwith　2.ringoff　3.Hangon　4.getthrough　5.diveinto　6.beatentrack　7.setoutto　8.outoforder　9.Everytime　10.ringbackⅡ.完成句子1．我每次画一幅肖像就失去一个朋友。(everytime)________________IpaintaportraitIwillloseafriend.2．直到雨停他们才出发。(notuntil的强调句)________________________________therainstopped________theystarted.3.我根本不想与这事有牵连。(beassociatedwith)Ididn'twant________________________________itatall.4.春天到了，树开始长叶子了。(setoutto)Springcomesandtrees________________________________leaves.5.家里养猫我可是受不了。(bear)Ican't________________acatinthehouse.答案　1.Everytime　2.Itwasnotuntil；that　3.tobeassociatedwith　4.setouttogrow　5.bearhavingⅢ.单项填空1．Nosooner________thanitbegantorainheavily.A．thegamebeganB．hasthegamebegunC．didthegamebeginD．hadthegamebegun解析　具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句(谓语前置)。句意：比赛一开始，雨就下大了。“雨下得大”用一般过去时，“比赛开始”发生在此之前，故用过去完成时。答案　D2．Desertsandhighmountainshavealwaysbeena________tothemovementofpeoplefromplacetoplace.-6-\nA．barrierB．fenceC．preventionD．jam解析　句意：沙漠和高山一直是人们从一个地方到另一个地方的屏障。barrier阻碍，屏障；fence篱笆，栅栏；prevention防止；jam阻塞。答案　A3．Shedidn'tdowell，butyoushouldbearinmind________shewasillatthattime.A．whenB．whyC．thatD．whether解析　句意：她做得不好，但你应该记住当时她在生病。that引导宾语从句。答案　C4．He________insuchahurrythathedidn'thavetimetosaygoodbyetohisfriends.A．setfreeB．setoutC．setupD．setback解析　setfree释放；setout出发，开始；setup建立，树立；setback推迟；阻碍；(把钟)往回拨。句意：他如此匆忙地出发以至于没有时间和父母说再见。答案　B5．Theroomwassoquietthatshecouldhearthe________ofherheart.A．hittingB．beatingC．tappingD．knocking解析　句意：房间如此安静以至于他能听到自己的心跳。hit碰撞；beat敲打，击败；tap轻敲；knock敲。答案　B6．Watercanabsorbandgiveoffalotofheatwithoutbigchangesintemperature,thuscreatinga________environment.A．peacefulB．sensitiveC．commonD．stable解析　peaceful和平的；sensitive敏感的；common普通的；stable稳固的。答案　D7．—Mum,itisniceweather.Iwanttoskatethisafternoon.—Don'tyouthinktheiceonthelakeistoothinto________yourweight?A．standB．bearC．catchD．take解析　句意：——妈妈，天气很好，我想今天下午去滑冰。——难道你不认为湖面的冰太薄无法承受你的体重吗？答案　B8．Burtonsaidhecouldnotswimuntilthe________cameinbecausetheseawastoofarout.A．currentB．tideC．floodD．wave解析　句意：伯顿说他要等涨潮后才下去游，因为现在海水离得太远。tide意为“潮水，潮汐”；current意为“水流，气流”；flood意为“洪水，水灾”；wave意为“波浪”。答案　B9．Blair，________inChicago,livedandworkedinNewYork.A．wasbornB．hewasbornC．thoughbornD．thoughwasborn解析　though“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，当状语从句的主语和主句主语一样，-6-\n并且从句谓语为系动词时，可以省略从句中的主语和系动词部分。答案　C10．Ahealthylifeisfrequentlythoughttobe________withtheopencountrysideandhomegrownfood.A．tiedB．boundC．involvedD．associated解析　考查短语搭配。句意：一般认为健康的生活是与广阔的乡村和土生土长的食物相联系的。beassociatedwith“与……相联系”。故选D。答案　D11．Ihavenever________thiskindofthing,soI'mafraid.A．lookthroughB．lookedthroughC．gotthroughD．gonethrough解析　根据句意可知，此处应意为“经历，经手”。故选D。答案　D12．Ourrefrigeratoris________，weneedbuyanewoneinsteadofrepairingit.A．inorderB．introubleC．outoforderD．outoftrouble解析　句意：我们的冰箱坏了，我们需要买一台新的而不是修理一下。答案　C13．Shealways________thesmelloffreshbreadwithheraunt,wholovedbaking.A．associatedB．connectedC．attributedD．contributed解析　句意：她总是把鲜面包味与她婶婶联系起来，她婶婶很喜欢烤面包。associate意为“(在思想上)把……联系在一起”，后常与with连用；connect意为“联接；联系”，指联系有形的物体；attribute意为“把归因于；把(过错等)归于”，后接介词to;contribute意为“捐款，捐助”。答案　A14．Theyoungscientist________hisexperimentsandmadeagreatcontributiontoourcountry.A．divedhimselfintoB．devotedhimselfintoC．divedintoD．devotedto解析　句意：这位年轻的科学家潜心于实验，为我们国家做出了伟大的贡献。divedinto跳入，潜心于。答案　C15．NotuntilIbegantowork________realizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.A．didn'tIB．didIC．Ididn'tD．I解析　notuntil的倒装句型，用部分倒装，助动词提到主语之前，而且not已经移到句首，因此句中不能再出现，故选B。答案　BⅣ.阅读理解ASincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Braincomputerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.-6-\nRecently,tworesearchers,JoseMillanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnicschoolinLausanne,Switzerland,demonstrated(展示)asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbyaperson'sthoughts.Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.“Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord(脊髓)tothemusclestogiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanpreventtheseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles，”Tavellasays.“Oursystemallowsdisabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices”Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfromthescalp(头皮)andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommandsthemotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.Prof.Millan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterpretsbrainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands.“ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBCItechnologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:communication,andcontrollingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.”Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnologyoverlongperiodsoftime.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了JoseMillan和MicheleTavella利用Braincomputerinterface(BCI)technology制作的由人的意念控制的轮椅以及其工作原理等。1．BCIisatechnologythatcan________.A．helptoupdatecomputersystemsB．linkthehumanbrainwithcomputersC．helpthedisabledtorecoverD．controlaperson'sthoughts解析　细节理解题。由第一段中的．..scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.Braincomputerinterface(BCI)technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandstomachines.可知选B。答案　B2．HowdidTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?A．Bycontrollinghismuscles.B．Bytalkingtothemachine.C．Bymovinghishand.D．Byusinghismind.解析　细节理解题。由第三段内容．..Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftorrighthand.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.可知选D。答案　D3．WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?A.scalp→computer→cap→wheelchairB.computer→cap→scalp→wheelchairC.scalp→cap→computer→wheelchair-6-\nD.cap→computer→scalp→wheelchair解析　细节理解题。由第五段前三句可知选C。答案　C4．Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto________.A．makeprofitsfromthemB．provethetechnologyusefultothemC．makethemlivelongerD．learnabouttheirphysicalcondition解析　细节理解题。由最后一段中的Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.可知选B。答案　BBLeoBaekelandnevergaveuphisdreamofcreatingaspecialkindofplasticthatwouldkeepitsformafteritcooled.HisinventionwasBakelite，aninexpensive，widelyusedplastic.LeowasborninBelgiumintoalower,middleclassfamily.HestudiedattheUniversityofGhentin1882andeventuallygraduatedwithadoctorateinnaturalscienceattheageof21.HetaughtthereforseveralyearsbeforehetraveledonascholarshiptotheUnitedStates.OnceinNewYork,LeometRichardAnthony.AnthonysawpotentialinyoungLeoandofferedhimajobofworkinginAmericaasachemistforhiscompany.LeoworkedforAnthonyforthenexttwoyearsbeforeunsuccessfullyattemptingtostarthisownconsultingbusiness.Afterfailingtoseesuccessinhisownbusinessoperations,Leodecidedtoreturntowhatheknewandhestartedproducingakindofphotographicpaperthatwouldallowgoodpicturestobetakeninartificiallight.HedidsowellinthebeginningthathestartedacompanycalledNeperaChemicalCompanywhilecreatingaspecialkindofpapercalledVelox.Withintwoyears,KodakCompanyboughttherighttoLeo'sdiscoveryfor$1,000,000.LeoacceptedandusedthemoneytosetuphisownlaboratoryinhisbackyardinNewYorkandlivedacomfortablelife.Leo'snextprojectwastocomeupwithahardyetmoldable(可模压的)plastic.Aftermuchexperimentation,LeofinallycameupwithaplasticandcalleditBakelite.Itsspecialfeaturewasthatatahightemperatureandpressure,Bakelitecanholditsform，evenundergreatheat.LeomadehisachievementpublicinFebruary,1909.TheinventionofBakelite,markedthebeginningoftheAgeofPlastics.Whetherwearelisteningtotheradio，drivingdowntheroad,ordrinkingfromourplasticbottles，wecanthankamanwhohadtheforesightandcouragetopursuewhathethoughtwaspossible.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了LeoBaekeland在生意失败之后，利用KodakCompany所给的钱做资金，从而发明了plastic的事情。5．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．ThelifeofLeoBaekeland.B．ThecomingoftheAgeofPlastics.C．TheinventionsofLeoBaekeland.D．TheprocessofinventingBakelite.解析　主旨大意题。由文章第一段可知。答案　A6．WhydidLeoBaekelanddecidetoproduceakindofphotographicpaper?-6-\nA．BecausehewantedtobecomeanemployeeoftheKodakCompany.B．Becausehebecameawarethathisownbusinesswouldn'tbesuccessful.C．Becausehedidn'tlikeworkingasachemist.D．Becausehehadagreatinterestintakingphotos.解析　细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知。答案　B7．What'stherighttimeorderofthefollowingevents?a．LeoinventedBakelite.b．LeowenttotheUnitedStates.c．LeoinventedthepaperVelox.d．LeostudiedattheUniversityofGhent.e．setuphisownlaboratoryinNewYork.A．d，b，c，e，aB．a，c，d，b，eC．d，b，c，a，eD．b，a，e，c，d解析　细节理解题。Leo先在theUniversityofGhent求学，然后去了美国，生意失败之后，他发明了thepaperVelox，用所得的钱在纽约建立了自己的实验室，最后发明了Bakelite。故选A。答案　A8．WecanlearnfromthepassagethatBakeliteisaplasticthat________.A．hasbeenwidelyusedsincetheearly19thcenturyB．istooexpensiveformostpeopletobuyC．keepsitsshapeunderhighheatD．hasalongerlifethanotherkindsofplastic解析　推理判断题。由第四段第三句可知。答案　C-6-