统考版2023高考英语一轮复习选修6Unit16Stories课时提能练含解析北师大版20230238270

课时提能练(三十一)选修6　Unit16　Stories(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·深圳市普通高中统一测试)Inthewinterof1664—65，thebittercoldfellonLondoninthedaysbefore25December.Abovethecity，anunusuallybrightcomet(彗星)shotacrossthesky，excitingmuchpredictionofasnowstorm.Outsidethecitywall，awoman'sdeathwasannouncedandshediedofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea.Herhousewaslockedup.Followingthat，thevirusthathadkilledthewomanwouldgoontokillnearly100,000peoplelivinginandaroundLondon—almostathirdofthosewhodidnotflee.InTheGreatPlague(瘟疫):TheStoryofLondon'sMostDeadlyYear，historianA．LloydMooteandmicrobiologistDorothyC．Mooteprovideadeeplyinformedaccountofthisplagueyear.Readingthebook，readersaretakenfromthepalacesofthecity'swealthiestcitizenstothepoorareaswherethevastmajorityofLondonerswereliving，andtothesurroundingcountryside.TheMootespointoutthat，evenattheheightoftheplague，thecitydidnotfallintochaos.Doctorsandnursesremainedinthecitytocareforthesick；cityofficialstriedtheirbesttofightthecrisiswithallthelegaltools；andcommercecontinuedevenasbusinessesshutdown.TodescribelifeanddeathinandaroundLondon，theauthorsfocusontheexperiencesofnineindividuals.Throughtheirlettersanddiaries，theMootesofferfreshdescriptionsofkeyissuesinthehistoryoftheGreatPlague:howdifferentcommunitiesunderstoodandexperiencedthedisease；howmedicalandgovernmentbodiesreacted；howwellthesocialorderheldtogether；theeconomicandmoraldilemmaspeoplefacedwhendebatingwhethertofleethecity；andthenatureofthematerial，social，andspiritualresourcessupportingthosewhoremained.Basedonhumanity(人性)，theauthorsofferamasterfulportraitofacityanditsinhabitantswhowereattackedbyanddaringlyresistedunimaginablehorror.【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了TheGreatPlague：TheStoryofLondon'sMostDeadlyYear这本书的主要内容以及作者描述伦敦大瘟疫这个历史事件时所采用的写作方法。1．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A．Acometalwaysfollowsastorm.B．Londonwasunderanapproachingthreat.C．Londonwaspreparedforthedisease.\nD．Thewomanwasthebeginningofthedisease.B　[推理判断题。根据第一段第三句“Outsidethecitywall，awoman'sdeathwasannouncedandshediedofadiseasethatwasspreadinginthatarea”并结合语境可知，当时在伦敦市外，一种致命的疾病正在传播。由此可以推断出，伦敦正面临着一种即将到来的威胁，故选B。]2．WhatdotheMootessayaboutLondonduringtheGreatPlague?A．Thecityremainedorganized.B．Theplaguesparedtherichareas.C．Thepeopletriedalotinvain.D．Themajorityfledandthussurvived.A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第三句“TheMootespointoutthat，evenattheheightoftheplague，thecitydidnotfallintochaos”可知，两位作者指出，即使在瘟疫高峰之时，伦敦市也没有陷入混乱。该段第四句又列举了这个城市保持井然有序的具体体现，故选A。]3．WhydotheMootesfocusonthenineindividuals?A．Theywerefamouspeopleinhistory.B．Theyallmanagedtosurvivetheplague.C．Theyprovidedvividstoriesofhumanity.D．Theyunitedbythinkingandactingasone.C　[推理判断题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是最后一句“Basedonhumanity(人性)，theauthorsofferamasterfulportraitofacityanditsinhabitantswhowereattackedbyanddaringlyresistedunimaginablehorror”可知，以人性为基础，作者巧妙地描绘了伦敦市的情况及其居民受到难以想象的恐惧的袭击并勇敢地抵抗这种恐惧的情况，结合该段第一句可推知，作者关注这九个人是因为这九个人提供了生动的人性故事，故选C。]4．What'sthepurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceanewbook.B．Tocorrectamisunderstanding.C．Toreportanewstudy.D．Toshowrespectfortheauthors.A　[写作目的题。文章第一和第二段描述了瘟疫爆发时的情景，由此引出了第三和第四段对TheGreatPlague：TheStoryofLondon'sMostDeadlyYear这本书的介绍。由此可知，本文的写作目的是介绍一本新书，故选A。]B(2020·湖南省六校联考)Oneinfivewomenandoneineightmenarebecomingmore\ntiredandlessproductive，accordingtoanewAustralianstudyonmobilephoneuse.LedbytheQueenslandUniversityofTechnologyinAustralia，researcherssurveyed709mobilephoneusersacrossthecountryaged18to83andaskedthemaseriesofquestionsbasedonasimilarstudy13yearsago.Identifyingaphenomenon“technoference(科技干扰)”，researchersdiscoveredasignificantincreaseinpeopleblamingtheirdevicesfor“losingsleep，becominglessproductiveandevengettingmoreachesandpains”．Accordingtothestudy'sleadauthorDrOscar，theissueissobadthat24percentofwomenand15percentofmenarenowconsideredtobe“problematicmobilephoneusers”．“Whenwetalkabouttechnoferencewe'rereferringtotheeverydayintrusions(侵扰)andinterruptionsthatpeopleexperienceduetomobilephonesandtheirusage，”hesaid.“Oursurveyfoundtechnoferencehadincreasedamongmenandwomen.Forexample，reportsrelatingtothelossofsleepandproductivityshowedthatthesenegativeoutcomeshadsignificantlyincreasedduringthelast13years.Thisfindingsuggeststhatmobilephonesarepotentiallyincreasinglyaffectingaspectsofdaytimefunctioningduetolackofsleep.”Comparedtoa2005study，“technoference”issuesfor18to24yearoldsexperiencedasurprising40.9percentrise，whilethoseaged25to29alsorecordedadramaticincreaseof23.5percent.Oscarsaidthatwiththenumberofsmartphoneusersaroundtheworldexpectedtosurpass2.5billionbeforetheendofthisyear，theproblemof“technoference”couldgetevenworse.“Thespeedanddepthofsmartphonetakeupmakeourpopulationparticularlyvulnerabletosomeofthenegativeconsequencesofhighmobilephoneuse，”hesaid.“Rapidtechnologicalinnovationshaveledtodramaticchangesintoday'smobilephonetechnology，whichcanimprovethequalityoflifeforphoneusersbutalsoresultinsomenegativeoutcomes.”【语篇解读】　据澳大利亚一项关于使用手机的研究表明，智能手机让人更累、效率更低。5．Howarepeopleaffectedbytechnoferenceaccordingtothetext?A．Itmakespeopleaddictedtocommunicatingonline.B．Itpushespeopletoworkatafastpace.C．Itcausespeopletosleeplessatnight.D．Itbringsnegativeoutcomestopeopleofallages.C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“blamingtheirdevicesfor‘losingsleep...aches\nandpains’”可知，科技干扰导致用户睡眠减少，故选C。]6．Whichgrouparemostinfluencedbysmartphones?A．Youngwomen.　　　B．Youngmen.C．Children.　　　　　　　　D．Seniors.A　[细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段第一句中的“24percentofwomenand15percentofmen”可知，受手机影响的女士多于男士；又根据第四段的内容可知受手机影响的年轻人居多，把这两者联系起来可知，选项A正确。]7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Widelyspread.　　　　　B．Deeplydevoted.C．Easilyhurt.　　　　　　　D．Absolutelyaccustomed.C　[词义猜测题。根据上文可知，手机对用户的影响越来越大，联系画线词所在句中的“thenegativeconsequencesofhighmobilephoneuse”可知，智能手机的普及速度和深度使人们尤其易于受到负面影响。故选C。]8．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Theincreasingsideeffectsofsmartphones.B．Waystosolvethetechnoferenceproblem.C．Smartphonesandpeople'shappiness.D．Thepopularityofsmartphones.A　[主旨大意题。根据文中的“moretiredandlessproductive”“affectingaspectsofdaytimefunctioning”“someofthenegativeconsequencesofhighmobilephoneuse”等，并结合文章其他内容可知，本文介绍了智能手机给人们带来的负面影响，故选A。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·陕西省百校联盟一模)Iwascyclingandnoticedaperson，aboutaquarterofakilometerinfrontofme.Icouldtellhewascyclingalittleslowerthanmeand__1__totrytocatchupwithhim.Ihadaboutakilometertogoontheroad__2__turningoff.SoI__3__cyclingfasterandfasterandevery__4__，Iwasgainingonhimjustalittlebit.AfterjustafewminutesIwasonlyabout100yards__5__him，soIreallypickedupthepaceand___6__myself.Youwouldhave__7__IwascyclinginthelastsectionoftheLondonOlympictriathlon.__8__Icaughtupwithhimandpassedbyhim.OntheinsideIfeltso__9__.Ibeathim，ofcourse，buthedidn'tevenknowwewere__10__.\nAfterIpassedhim，I__11__thatIhadbeensofocusedoncompetingagainsthimthatIhad__12__myturn.Ihadgonenearlysixblockspastitandhadtoturnaroundandgoallthewayback.Isn'tthatwhathappensinlifewhenwe__13__competingwithcoworkers，neighbors，andfriends，tryingto__14__thatwearemoresuccessfulormoreimportant?Wespendourtimeand__15__chasingafterthemandwemissoutonourown__16___toourfuture.The__17__ofunhealthycompetitionisthatit'saneverending__18__.Andtherewillalwaysbesomebodyaheadofyou，someonewitha__19___job，moremoneyandmoreeducation，etc.Therefore，justtakewhatlifehasgivenyou，yourheight，weightandpersonality.Stayfocusedandliveapeacefullife.There'sno__20__inlife.Runyourownraceandwishotherswell!【语篇解读】　有一次骑自行车时，我注意到前方不远处也有人在骑车。为了超过前面的人，我加快了骑车速度，之后虽然赶上了他，却错过了自己的转弯处。人生也是如此，不要总是关注和同事、邻居、朋友之间的竞争，总会有人比你有更好的工作、更多的钱、接受更多的教育。走好自己的路，人生本没有“竞争”。1．A.failedB．decided　　C．agreed　　D．forgotB　[根据语境和下文的“Icaughtupwithhim”可知，我看到前面有一个骑自行车的人比我骑得慢，我决定追上他。]2．A.beforeB．after　　　　C．unless　D．whenA　[根据下文“我”错过转弯处要原路返回可知，此处表示在转弯之前，我还要走大约一公里。]3．A.stopped　B．enjoyed　C．started　　D．regrettedC　[根据上文可知，我想赶上前面骑自行车的人，所以我开始越骑越快。]4．A.way　B．block　　　C．step　　　D．timeB　[根据下文第四段尾句中的“sixblocks”并结合常识可知，每经过一个街区，我都接近他一点。]5．A.apartfromB．above　　　C．aheadofD．behindD　[根据上文我渐渐接近他可知，几分钟后，我只距离他身后大约100码。]\n6．A.comfortedB．protectedC．pushed　　D．supportedC　[根据语境可知，几分钟后，我只落后他100码左右，所以我加快了速度，给自己加把劲。pushoneself意为“给某人加把劲”。]7．A.thought　B．rememberedC．dreamt　　D．hopedA　[根据上文我追赶前面骑自行车的人的内容可知，此处表示你会以为我是在伦敦奥运会铁人三项赛的最后一段比赛中骑自行车。]8．A.ApparentlyB．Surprisingly　C．Fortunately　D．FinallyD　[根据上文我努力加快骑车速度要赶上前面的人可知，此处表示我终于赶上并超过了他。]9．A.calmB．lucky　　C．astonished　D．goodD　[根据上文可知，我终于赶上了他，据此可推知，我感觉很好。]10．A.racingB．exercising　C．celebrating　D．cyclingA　[根据语境可知，我是暗中加快速度超过一个偶然遇到的人，所以此处表示他不知道我们在比赛。A项意为“比赛”，故A项正确。]11．A.believedB．expectedC．realizedD．understoodC　[根据语境和下文作者要原路返回可知，超过他后，我才意识到我太关注和他之间的竞赛，错过了拐弯的地方。]12．A.escapedB．missed　C．madeD．lostB　[参见上题解析。]13．A.worryaboutB．careforC．dependonD．focusonD　[根据第四段第一句中的“focusedon”并结合语境可知，此处表示在生活中我们也是专注于与同事、邻居和朋友之间的竞争，试图证明我们更成功或更重要。]14．A.proveB．declare　C．explain　　D．informA　[参见上题解析。]15．A.tearsB．money　　　\nC．energy　　D．painC　[根据该句中的“ourtimeand”并结合常识可知，此处表示我们花费时间和精力追赶他人，而错过了自己的未来之路。]16．A.pathsB．entrancesC．plansD．barriersA　[参见上题解析。]17．A.task　B．difficultyC．problemD．goalC　[根据该句中的“unhealthycompetition”和空后一句可推知，不良竞争的问题在于那无穷尽的循环。]18．A.movementB．cycle　　C．event　　　D．routineB　[参见上题解析。]19．A.steadyB．suitable　　C．temporaryD．betterD　[根据该句中的“moremoneyandmoreeducation”可知，空处应为形容词比较级形式。此处表示总会有人在你的前面，他们有更好的工作、更多的钱、受过更多的教育等等。]20．A.mistake　B．competitionC．pressureD．challengeB　[根据空后一句可知，参加你自己的赛跑，同时祝福别人；又结合本文的主题“竞争”可知，此处表示生活中没有竞争。]课时提能练(三十二)选修6　Unit16　Stories(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·贵阳市四校联考)Inajournalastudypublishedfoundthatanhourlongsoak(浸泡)inhotwaterproducedsimilarbloodsugarresponseas60minutesofmoderatephysicalactivity.Thatsoundstoogoodtobetrue?Whilethestudyontheseeffectsisstillpreliminary(初步的)，thereisaplausibleexplanationforthis.“Itseemsthatactivitiesthatincreaseheatshockproteinsmayhelptoimprovebloodsugarcontrolandofferanalternativetoexercise，”thestudy'sleadauthorSteveFaulknerwrote.Theseactivities，suchassoakinginahottubortakingasauna，mayhavehealthybenefitsforpeoplewhoareunabletoexerciseregularly.\nAteamfromtheUK'sNationalCentreforSport&ExerciseMedicineexamined14leanandoverweightmenandanalyzedtheirmetabolichealth.Theparticipantswereeitherassignedtoanhourlongsessionofcyclingoranhourlongsessioninahotbath.Thescientistsdiscoveredthatbothgroupswerebetterabletocontroltheirbloodsugarlevelsinthe24hoursfollowingtheactivitiesandtheparticipantsinthebathperhapswereevenbetteroff:Theirpeakbloodsugarlevelsaftereatingfollowingtheirsoakwereapproximately10percentlowerthanthepeakbloodsugarlevelsofthosewhoexercised.Researcherssaythisimpliesthat“passiveheating”(ameansofraisingyourbodytemperature)couldassistinloweringbloodsugarlevels.Passiveheatingcanaffectproteinsinthebodycalledheatshockproteins，whichhelpregulatebloodsugar.Peoplewithtype2diabetes(糖尿病)tendtohavelowerlevelsofheatshockproteins.Passiveheatingcanraisetheselevels.It'scriticaltopointoutafewlimitationsofthestudy.Forstarters，theexperimentonlyincludedmen，soit'sdifficulttosayifthesameeffectwouldhappeninwomen.Italsoonlyincluded14volunteers，whichisanextremelysmallsamplesize.Moreresearchneedstobeconductedbeforescientistscancometoanyofficialconclusion.And，ofcourse，youshouldstillcontinuetoexerciseregularly.Thatbeingsaid，thestudydoesoffersomemorepromisinginsightintothehealingeffectsofhotwater.【语篇解读】　研究发现，在热水中浸泡一小时产生的血糖反应与进行60分钟中等强度的运动产生的反应相似。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plausible”inPara.2referto?A．Strange.B．Reasonable.C．Absurd.D．Controversial.B　[词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“Itseemsthatactivitiesthatincreaseheatshockproteinsmayhelptoimprovebloodsugarcontrolandofferanalternativetoexercise”可知，此处是对第二段中的“theseeffects”的解释，又结合语境可推知，画线词所在句表示尽管对这些影响的研究仍处于初级阶段，但有一个合理的解释来说明这个问题。故选B。]2．WhichofthefollowingisrightabouttheresearchbytheUK'steam?A．Cyclingmadenodifferencetotheparticipants'bloodsugarlevels.B．Theparticipants'bloodsugarlevelspeakedaftersoakingduringthe\nresearch.C．14leanand14overweightmenwereinvolvedintheresearch.D．The24hourtrackingwascarriedoutaftertheonehouractivities.D　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“bothgroupswerebetterabletocontroltheirbloodsugarlevelsinthe24hoursfollowingtheactivities”可知，两组实验对象在进行相应的1小时的活动后，都被跟踪调查了24小时。故选D。]3．Howshouldscientistsimprovethisstudy?A．Byextendingthestudyperiod.B．Bychangingtheresearchmethod.C．Byincreasingthenumberofthesubjectsinvestigated.D．Byincludingmorescientistsintheresearch.C　[推理判断题。根据第七段中的“Forstarters，theexperimentonlyincludedmen...Italsoonlyincluded14volunteers，whichisanextremelysmallsamplesize”可知，该实验的主要局限性是实验对象的人数太少，且覆盖面不全，由此可推知，可以通过增加实验对象的数量来改善该研究。故选C。]4．Whichofthefollowingbestexpressestheauthor'smainpointofview?A．Whenyoucatchafeveryouget“passiveheating”．B．Youneedeitherahotbathorregularexercisetokeephealthy.C．Itisastudyofsignificanceinspiteofsomeimperfections.D．Passiveheatingcanraiselevelsofheatshockproteins.C　[推理判断题。纵观全文，本文主要介绍了一项研究的过程、发现及作者对其的评价。根据第二段的内容和第八段“Thatbeingsaid，thestudydoesoffersomemorepromisinginsightintothehealingeffectsofhotwater”可推知，作者认为尽管该研究仍有一些缺点，但还是非常有意义的。故选C。]B(2020·洛阳市尖子生第一次联考)BOXTEL，Netherlands—chickensroamtheorchards，cowschewthecudandpigsrollinthemudonawarmdayonaDutchfarm—butthepastoral(乡村生活的)sceneisnotastraditionalasitseems.Thefarmisownedandrunbyacooperativeofhundredsoflocalconsumersandaimstochangehabitsinalowlyingcountryengagedinanexistentialfightagainstclimatechange.Nearly200familiesdecidewhatthefarmwillproduceandemployafarmertotendtotheanimalsformeatandeggsandgrowthedozenkindsoffruitsandvegetables.“Themainaimofthemembersistoeatnaturalproducts，producednearwhere\ntheylive，inamoresustainableway，”saidDouweKorting，coleaderoftheBoxtelcooperative，inthesouthernNetherlands.“Peoplearereallystartingtoseethatachangetowardadifferentwayofeatingisessential，”headded.Itcosts2,000eurostojointhecollectivefarm，whichis10minutesbybicyclefromthetown，andthenaweeklyfeeofaround10eurosperperson.Inreturn，membersreceivethefoodtheywantandstresstheimportanceofknowingwhattheyeatislocalandseasonal.ThecooperativeisknownasHerenboderderijorPeople'sFarmingandtheguidingprincipleisthateverythingcentersontheneedsandrichesofnature，evenwhiletheyareusingnewtechnologies.Soonarobotwillbeusedtosensewhenthefruitisripe，aswellasadrone(无人飞机)thatwillsurveythefieldstosupportthefarmerandreducetheneedsformanpower.【语篇解读】　本文介绍了一种新型农场，该农场的创立是为了改变人们的饮食习惯，使人们以一种更加可持续发展的方式生活。5．Whydidthefamiliesstartthefarm?A．Toreducethecostoffood.B．Toimprovetheireatinghabits.C．Toreplacetheoldtradition.D．Toprovidemorechancesofexercise.B　[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Thefarm...aimstochangehabits”和第三段第一句中的“Themainaimofthemembersistoeatnaturalproducts”可知，这些家庭创建这个农场是为了改进饮食习惯，故选B。]6．Whatwilltheemployedfarmerdo?A．Decidewhattoproduce.B．Workonthefarmwithhighpay.C．Ownandoperatethefarminamoreeffectiveway.D．Feedtheanimalsandgrowfruitsandvegetables.D　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“employafarmertotendtotheanimalsformeatandeggsandgrowthedozenkindsoffruitsandvegetables”可知，雇用的这个农民要照顾动物，并且种植水果和蔬菜，故选D。]7．Whatdothefarmownersexpectofthefarm?A．It'llprovidenaturalproducts.B．It'llbecontrolledonlybynewtechnologies.C．It'llcosteveryoneabout10euroseachmonth.\nD．It'llencouragepeopletolovenature.A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Themainaimofthemembersistoeatnaturalproducts”和倒数第二段的内容可知，农场成员希望这个农场能提供天然的产品，故选A。]【干扰项分析】　根据文章尾句，尤其是其中的“supportthefarmerandreducetheneedsformanpower”可知，农场不是仅由新科技控制，它也需要人力。故B项错误。8．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Adiary.　　　　　　B．Aguidebook.C．Anovel.　　　　　　　　　D．Anewspaper.D　[文章出处题。根据文章开头的“BOXTEL，Netherlands”可知，本文应是出自新闻报道，且根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了一种新型农场，与社会生活密切相关，故选D项。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·湖北八校第一次联考)BEAGOODTOURISTTourismcanbebothgoodandbad.Yes，itbringsinmoneyforthelocaleconomyandcreateslotsofjobsforthelocals，butitmayalsobringsomeproblems.__1__TouristshaveusedrocksorevenkeystowriteontheLuxorTempleinEgypt，theColosseuminRome，theStonehengeintheUK，andmany，manyotherplaces.Thousandsoftouristsitesarebeingdestroyedbytouristswho“lovethemtodeath”．__2___Ifyouwanttoleaveamarkontheworld，doitbychangingsomeone'slifewithkindnessandlove.Passkindnessdowntofuturegenerations，notdestruction.Anotherbigprobleminsomeplacesisthattouristsdisturbthelocalpeople.__3___Forexample，thereareanumberoftouristsinChiangMaiUniversityinThailandandYonseiUniversityinSouthKorea，visitingthecampusesandwalkingthroughthelibrariesandotherpublicareas，takingpicturesofstudentsanddisturbingtheirstudies.Ihavethreewordsfortouristslikethese：pleasebeconsiderate.__4__Theproblemscausedbytouristsareendless：walkinginlargegroupswithoutconsideringotherswhoneedtowalkby，crossingroadswithoutobservinglocaltrafficlaws，andmanymore.Theonlywaytosolvetheproblemscausedbytouristsistomakesurethatyouarenotonecausingproblems!__5__Remember，wheneveryoustepoutsideyourcountry'sborder，youarerepresentingyourcountrytotherestoftheworld.\nA．Justthinkfromotheraspects.B．WheninRome，doastheRomansdo.C．Havefuninawaythatdoesnotdisturbothers.D．Trytobethebest，kindestandmostpolitetourist.E．Ihavethreewordsforpeoplelikethese：pleasestopit.F．Onegrowingproblemisthattouristswanttoprovethattheyhavevisitedsomeplace.G．Sometouristswanderaroundandtakepicturesoflocalpeoplewithoutaskingfortheirpermission.【语篇解读】　旅游业给当地带来了经济效益，给当地人提供了很多的工作机会，但也可能带来一些问题。文章通过分析游客给旅游地及当地人带来的问题告诉人们，要做一个友善、礼貌的游客。1．F　[根据第二段第二句“Touristshaveusedrocksorevenkeystowriteon...manyotherplaces”可知，这里描述的是游客在旅游地随意写字的现象；根据第三段第一句中的“Anotherbigproblem”可知，空处需要提到“problem”或者与之相近的词。由此可知，F项符合语境。]2．E　[根据空后两句表述的内容可知，空处应是作者针对该段表述的游客在旅游地随意写字的问题提出的建议。通过分析文章结构和句子与句子之间的关系可知，该空所填的内容及其作用和结构需与下文中的“Ihavethreewordsfortouristslikethese：pleasebeconsiderate”相似，故选E项。]3．G　[根据本段第一句可知，本段讲的是游客带来的另一个问题，即打扰当地人；G项表述的“一些游客闲逛，且未经当地人的许可就给他们拍照片”也是游客打扰当地人的一种表现。故选G。]4．C　[根据空前一句中的“pleasebeconsiderate”(请体贴一些)可知，针对游客打扰当地人这一问题，作者建议游客要对当地人体贴一些；由此可知，C项“以一种不打扰他人的方式尽情地玩”符合语境。故选C项。]5．D　[根据空前一句表述的“解决游客造成的问题的唯一方法就是确保你不是制造问题的游客之一”可知，作者认为要解决这一问题，游客首先要严于律己；D项“尽力成为最好、最善良、最有礼貌的游客”正是游客严于律己的表现。故选D项。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·西安五校联考)Nowadays，itseemsthatmanypeopleareincreasinglyinclinedtoeataplantbaseddietandleaveoutanimal1.________(product)．Formeatlovers，anewstudyhasfoundalink2.________howmuchmeatapersoneatsandanincreasedriskofprematuredeath.\nAccordingtoresearch3.________(publish)intheAmericanJournalofClinicalNutrition，peoplewhoatemoreredmeatorprocessedmeatintheirdiethada4.________(high)chanceofdyingfromalonglastingdisease.ThenewresearchlookedatdatafromtheKuopioIschaemicHeartDiseaseRiskFactorStudy，5.________ongoingstudythat'strackingriskfactorsforcardiovascular(心血管的)diseaseamongmiddleagedmenfromeasternFinland.Thestudypopulation6.________(make)upof2,641Finnishmenbetweentheagesof42and60whenthestudybeganbetween1984and1989.Researchersfolloweduptheconditionofthemenafter20years—1,225ofthemhaddied.Those7._______atesevenouncesormoreofredorprocessedmeatdaily—orgotthe8.________(major)oftheirproteinfrommeat—hada23percenthigherriskofprematuredeath，accordingtoScienceDaily.Thisisn't9.________(actual)thefirststrikeagainstredorprocessedmeat：Redorprocessedmeatcanincreaseyourchancesof10.________(get)thisdisease.【语篇解读】　一项新的研究表明，吃较多红肉或加工过的肉类的人过早死亡的风险较高。1．products　[考查名词的单复数。此处表示“动物制品”，包括很多种类，表示复数概念，product应为可数名词，故用其复数形式。]2．between　[考查介词。根据语境并结合空前的link以及该句中的and可知，此处表示一个人吃肉的多少与过早死亡的风险增加之间的联系，此处应是考查“between...and...”固定搭配，故填between。]3．published　[考查过去分词。分析句子结构可知，空处与research为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用其过去分词形式作后置定语。]4．higher　[考查形容词的比较级。根据本句中的“whoatemoreredmeatorprocessedmeat”以及“chanceofdyingfromalonglastingdisease”和语境可知，此处表示比较的含义，需用形容词的比较级形式。]5．an　[考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，“________ongoingstudy”作同位语，解释说明“theKuopioIschaemicHeartDiseaseRiskFactorStudy”，表示“一项持续的研究”，应用不定冠词修饰，而且ongoing的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。]6．wasmade　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处作谓语且与主语之间为被动关系，需用被动语态；根据句中的“between1984and1989”可知，此处应用一般过去时；且主语Thestudypopulation表示单数概念，故填wasmade。]7．who/that　[考查定语从句的关系词。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词Those，指人，故用who或that引导该定语从句。]8．majority　[\n考查词性转换。该空前有the，后有介词of，且此处表示“大部分”，因此需用名词majority。]9．actually　[考查副词。此处修饰be动词，需用副词形式。]10．getting　[考查动名词。of是介词，因此此处应用动名词形式作宾语。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2020·江西省五校协作体上学期考试试题)Highschoolisveryimportantinone'slifetime.Nowadays，themoviesaboutthehighschooltimearesopopular，andthestoriesareoverstated.Myhighschoollifeissodifferentofthoseinthemovies.Inthepasttwoyears，studyoccupiedmostofmytime.Ifoughtforthefuturewithmyclassmates.Westudiedhardlyandsharedouropinionaboutthedifficultpointstogether.WhenImadeagreatprogress，Iwassohappy，butwhenIfellbehind，Iwouldnotgiveup.Igrewupandbecamepatience.Iwasnotalittlegirlanymore.Inthesparetime，Iwouldgotoplaybasketballwithmyfriends，thatbecamethemostexcitedthingatthattime.Thoughthehighschoollifewassimple，Igainedalot.Iwouldneverforgettheclassmateswhostudiedwiththemtogether.[答案]　Highschoolisveryimportantinone'slifetime.Nowadays，themoviesaboutthehighschooltimearesopopular，thestoriesareoverstated.Myhighschoollifeissodifferentthoseinthemovies.Inthepasttwoyears，studyoccupiedmostofmytime.Ifoughtforthefuturewithmyclassmates.Westudiedandsharedouraboutthedifficultpointstogether.WhenImadegreatprogress，Iwassohappy，butwhenIfellbehind，Iwouldnotgiveup.Igrewupandbecame.Iwasnotalittlegirlanymore.Inthesparetime，Iwouldgotoplaybasketballwithmyfriends，becamethemostthingatthattime.Thoughthehighschoollifewassimple，Igainedalot.Iwouldneverforgettheclassmateswhostudiedwithtogether.