统考版2023高考英语一轮复习选修6Unit18Beauty课时提能练含解析北师大版20230238272

课时提能练(三十五)选修6　Unit18　Beauty(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·绵阳市高中第一次诊断性考试)Forart，theyear2114willbeonefullofevents.InMayofthatyearinBerlin，thephilosopherandartistJonathonKeats'“centurycameras”—cameraswitha100yearlongexposure(曝光)time—willbebroughtbackfromhidingplacesaroundthecitytohavetheirresultsdevelopedandexhibited.Sixmonthsafterthat，theFutureLibraryinOslo，Norway，willopenitsdoorsforthefirsttime，presenting100booksprintedonthewoodoftreesplantedinthedistantpastof2014.AsKatiePaterson，thecreatoroftheFutureLibrary，putsit，“FutureLibraryisanartworkforfuturegenerations.”Theseprojects，morethanacenturyinthemaking，arepartofanewwaveof“slowart”intendedtopushviewersandparticipantstothinkbeyondtheirownlifetimes.Theyaimtochallengetoday'sshorttermthinkingandthebriefattentionspansofmodernconsumers，forcingpeopleintoconsideringworksmoredeliberately.Intheirway，too，theyarefightingagainstmodernculture—notjustregardingmoney，butalsothewayinwhichartisticworthismeasuredbyattention.Inasimilarfashion，everyAprilonSlowArtDay，visitorsareencouragedtostareatfiveworksofartfor10minutesatatime—atoughtaskfortheaveragemuseumvisitors，whotypicallyspendlessthan30secondsoneachpieceofart.LiketheFutureLibrary，the“centurycameras”areverymuchaprojectforcities，sinceit'sincitiesthattimerunsfastestandthepaceoflifeisfastest.“SinceIstartedlivinginacity，I'vesomehowbeenquitedisconnected，”AnneBeateHovind，theFutureLibraryprojectmanager，whodescribedhowworkingonthelibrarydrewherbacktothepaceoflifesheknewwhenshewasgrowinguponafarminheryouth，toldTheAtlanticmagazine.【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了慢艺术的相关内容，其鼓励人们慢慢欣赏艺术作品。1．WhatwillNOThappenin2114accordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Acamerawhichwasproduced100yearsagowillbeexhibited.B．TheFutureLibrarywillbeopentothepublicforthefirsttime.C．Photoswitha100yearlongexposurewillbedevelopedandexhibited.D．Booksprintedonthewoodoftreesplantedin2014willbedisplayed.\nA　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“cameraswitha100yearlongexposure(曝光)time...tohavetheirresultsdevelopedandexhibited”可知，要展览的是相机拍摄的照片，而不是相机，故选A。]2．Whatcanwelearnaboutpeople'sattitudetowardsworksofartatnowadays?A．Theyspendlittletimeonworks.B．Theypaymoreattentiontoworks.C．Theyspendmuchmoneyonworks.D．Theystareatworksfor10minutesatatime.A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“visitorsareencouragedtostareatfiveworksofartfor10minutesatatime—atoughtaskfortheaveragemuseumvisitors，whotypicallyspendlessthan30secondsoneachpieceofart”可推知，在当今社会，人们在欣赏艺术作品时花费的时间很少，故选A。]3．Whatisthepurposeofthewaveofslowart?A．Toadvocatecreatingworksofartslowly.B．Toprotectworksofartfrombeingdamaged.C．Topromoteworksofartformodernculture.D．Toencouragepeopletoconsiderworksmoredeliberately.D　[细节理解题。根据第二段第二句以及第三句中的“forcingpeopleintoconsideringworksmoredeliberately”可知，这些项目是新一轮“慢艺术”浪潮的一部分，旨在鼓励人们更加从容不迫地注视这些艺术作品。故选D。]4．HowdoesAnneBeateHovindfeelaboutthecitylife?A．It'sdiscouraging.　B．It'sawful.C．It'sbusy.　　　　　　　D．It'sdeveloped.C　[推理判断题。根据尾段第一句以及AnneBeateHovind所说的话“SinceIstartedlivinginacity，I'vesomehowbeenquitedisconnected”可知，在城市里，时间过得最快，生活节奏最快，AnneBeateHovind感觉自己跟不上节奏，由此可推知，AnneBeateHovind认为城市生活是忙碌的，故选C。]B(2020·江苏海安月考)IbeganwritingpoemsfifteenyearsagowhileIwasincollege.OnedayIwasinthelibrary，workingonatermpaper，whenIcameacrossabookofcontemporarypoetry.Idon'trememberthetitleofthebookoranyofthetitlesofthepoemsexceptone：Frankenstein'sDaughter.Thepoemwaswild，almostrude，andnothingliketherhymeandmeterpoetryIhadreadinhighschool.Ihadalwaysthoughtthatpoetrywasflowerywritingaboutsunsetsandwalksonthebeach，but\nthatlibrarybookcontaineddirectandsometimesshockingpoetryaboutdogs，junkedcars，rundownhouses，andTVs.Icheckedthebookout，curioustoreadmore.Soonafterwards，Istartedfillinganotebookwithmyownpoems.AtfirstIwasscared，partlybecausemypoetryteacher，towhomthisbookiswrittenfor，wasaseriousandstrictmanwhocouldseetheerrorsinmypoems.Also，Irealizedtheseriousnessofmydevotion.Igaveupgeographytostudypoetry，whichagoodmanyfriendssaidofferednofuture.IignoredthembecauseIlikedworkingwithwords，usingthemtoreconstructthepast，whichhasalwaysbeenasourceofpoetryforme.WhenIfirststudiedpoetry，Iwassingleminded.Iwoketopoetryandwenttobedwithpoetry.Imemorizedpoems，readEnglishpoetsbecauseIwastoldtheywouldhelpshapemypoems，andreadclassicalChinesepoetrybecauseIwastoldthatitwouldaddclaritytomywork.ButIwasmosttakenbytheSpanishandLatinAmericanpoets，particularlyPabloNeruda.Myfavoritesofhisweretheodes—long，shortlinedpoemscelebratingcommonthingsliketomatoes，socksandscissors.IfeltjoyfulwhenIreadtheseodes，andwhenIbegantowritemyownpoems，Itriedtoremainfaithfultothecommonthingsofmychildhood—dogs，alleys(小巷)，mybaseballmitts(手套)andthefruitofthevalley，especiallytheorange.Iwantedtogivethesethingslife，towritesowellthatmypoemswouldexpresstheirbeauty.Ialsoadmiredourowncountry'spoetry.Isawthatourpoetsoftenwroteaboutplaceswheretheygrewuporplacesthatimpressedthemdeeply.JamesWrightwroteaboutOhioandWestVirginia，PhilipLevineaboutDetroit，GarySnyderabouttheSierraNevadasandaboutJapan.IdecidedtowriteabouttheSanJoaquinValley，wheremyhometown，Fresno，islocated.Someofmypoemsareabsoluteobservationsandimagesofnature—theorangeyards，theKingsRiver，theSequoias(红杉)．Ifellinlovewiththevalley，bothitsuglinessanditsbeauty，andquietlywrotepoemsaboutittosharewithothers.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己学习诗歌的经历以及自己所喜欢的一些诗人和诗歌。5．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Theauthor'sexperienceswithpoetry.B．Theauthor'smethodofwritingpoetry.C．Theauthor'sappreciationofpoetry.D．Theauthor'sinterestinstudyingpoetry.\nA　[主旨大意题。作者详细介绍了自己学习诗歌的经历以及自己所喜欢的一些诗人和诗歌。故A项正确。]6．Fromthefirstparagraph，wecanlearnthat________.A．Frankenstein'sDaughterwasaflowerypoetryB．theauthorwasabletomemorizemostpoemshereadC．theauthorbegantogetincontactwithpoetryofdifferentstylesD．theauthorwascurioustoreadmoreofrhymeandmeterpoetryC　[推理判断题。根据第一段“Thepoemwaswild，almostrude，andnothingliketherhymeandmeterpoetryIhadreadinhighschool.”可知作者在高中所学的诗歌形式与图书馆中所接触的这首诗歌差别很大，属于完全不同的诗歌类型。说明作者开始接触不同类型的诗歌了，故C项正确。]7．Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthormostprobablywriteaboutinhispoem?A．Movinglovestoriesinhistory.B．Observationsofclassicalpoems.C．Truefeelingsofhumanfriendship.D．Appreciationofwildvalleyflowers.D　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Ifellinlovewiththevalley，bothitsuglinessanditsbeauty，andquietlywrotepoemsaboutittosharewithothers.”可知作者非常喜欢这个山谷，接下来要写的内容应该是与山谷相关的内容。故D项正确。]8．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Theauthor'sfriendsallencouragedhimtogiveupgeographytopoetry.B．Theauthorbecamedevotedtopoetrybecauseofhisteacher'sstrictness.C．Theauthorlovedtofindsourcesofpoetryfromnatureandthepast.D．SpanishandLatinAmericanpoemsinfluencedtheauthorasmuchasChineseones.C　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“usingthemtoreconstructthepast，whichhasalwaysbeenasourceofpoetryforme.”可知作者经常从过去的事情里寻找诗歌创作的源泉。再根据文章倒数第二句“Someofmypoemsareabsoluteobservationsandimagesofnature”可知大自然也是作者诗歌的源泉之一，故C项正确。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2020·贵州省普通高等学校招生适应性测试)Mymomisanawesomehumanbeingjustlikeallothermoms.Sheknowinglyandunknowingly__1__meawholelotofthingsabouttheworld.The__2__whichI'mgoingtosharetodaydeterminedthewayI__3__everybody.\nIwasfouryearsold.Onefineafternoon,mymomandIwere__4__outdoors,shereadingandIwatchingalineof__5__.Iwasneveranaughtykid;__6__Iwasknownforkeepingquietevenwhenthingswerenotgoingmyway.SoIdon'trememberwhyIdidthisbutIdisrupted(使中断)thelineofantsandIlikeditwhentheylookedso__7__.Ievenwentaheadandsteppedonacoupleofthem!Mymomsawthisandshewasn't__8__withmebutshesaidsomethingIstill__9__today.Shesaid，“Youshouldneverbe__10__toanybodyhoweverlittletheyare.Everybodyisequalandweshouldn'ttreatthem__11__.”IgotupsetwhenIheardthisbecauseIthoughtIhad__12__mymom.Alsomylittleheartstarted__13__thefamilyofantsIhadkilled.Ithasbeenmorethan25yearsnowandI've__14__somanythingsthathavehappenedinmylife;__15__，Istilldomybesttobekindtoeverybody.Weshouldteachouryoungkidstoneverbemeantoanybody.Itmakesa__16__whenpeoplepraiseotherpeoplefortheirefforts__17__beingenvious.We'reproudofpeopleachievingtheirgoalshowever__18__theymaybe.Whenyou'rekindtootherpeople,it'sapositive__19__thatgoeson.It'sthekindof__20__reactionthatupliftsthewholeworldoneheartatatime.Ibelieveinthemagicofkindness!【语篇解读】　作者通过自己儿时的一件事明白了与人为善的道理，并且一直坚持如此，从未改变。1．A.offeredB．leftC．promisedD．taughtD　[考查动词。根据常识可知，母亲应该“教会”作者很多东西，而且最后一段中的“Weshouldteachouryoungkids”亦是提示。]2．A.accidentB．informationC．incidentD．conflictC　[考查名词。根据后文可知，作者要分享的是他小时候干扰并且伤害蚂蚁这件“事”。accident事故；information消息；incident事件；conflict冲突。]3．A.respectB．treatC．questionD．doubtB　[考查动词。根据后文中的“Everybodyisequalandweshouldn'ttreatthem______”可知，这件事决定了作者“对待”每个人的方式。]4．A.stayingB．chattingC．wanderingD．playingA　[考查动词。根据后文中的“shereadingandIw\natching”可知，作者和母亲没有聊天、闲逛或玩耍，只是“待在”外面。]5．A.treesB．kidsC．antsD．carsC　[考查名词。根据后文中的“Idisrupted(使中断)thelineofants”可知，作者在观察蚂蚁。]6．A.incaseB．infactC．aboveallD．atfirstB　[考查介词短语。根据后文中的“Iwasknownforkeepingquietevenwhenthingswerenotgoingmyway”可知，这是为证明作者不调皮举的实例，infact“事实上”符合语境。incase意为“万一”，引导条件状语从句。]7．A.troubledB．excitedC．uglyD．scaryA　[考查形容词。根据前文中“Idisrupted(使中断)thelineofants”，可以推知蚂蚁会很“不安”。troubled意为“不安的，混乱的”，符合语境。本题易错选D项，scary是“可怕的”，不是感到害怕的，蚂蚁并不“可怕”。]8．A.patientB．familiarC．annoyedD．honestC　[考查形容词。根据后文“butshesaidsomethingIstill______today”中的转折关系可以推知，母亲没有“生气”，但是说了一句作者至今仍然“按照其生活”的话。]9．A.livebyB．disagreewithC．getacrossD．lookforA　[考查动词短语。参见上题解析。liveby按照(某信念或原则)生活；getacross横过(马路、河等)；被理解。]10．A.familiarB．cruelC．similarD．coolB　[考查形容词。根据前文可知，作者母亲不赞成作者的行为，故推知母亲的意思是无论多么渺小的人，也不能对他们“残忍”，每个人都是平等的，不能被“不公正地”对待。cruel意为“残忍的，凶残的”。]11．A.seriouslyB．hopelesslyC．directlyD．unfairlyD　[考查副词。参见上题解析。seriously认真地，严重地；hopelessly绝望地；directly直接地，立即；unfairly意为“不公平地”。]12．A.disappointedB．convincedC．comfortedD．terrified\nA　[考查动词。根据上文语境特别是前文中的“IgotupsetwhenIheardthisbecause”可知，此处表示作者听完母亲的话心情不好，因为作者觉得让母亲“失望”了。disappoint使失望；convince使确信；comfort安慰；terrify使害怕。]13．A.believinginB．seekingforC．laughingatD．thinkingaboutD　[考查动词短语。根据语境可知，作者做了错事，在母亲说完话以后，作者开始“思考”对那些蚂蚁做的事情。believein相信……存在，信赖；seekfor寻找，寻求；laughat嘲笑；thinkabout思考。]14．A.acceptedB．repeatedC．forgottenD．discoveredC　[考查动词。根据前文中的“Ithasbeenmorethan25years”以及后文中的“Istilldomybesttobekindtoeverybody”可知，25年来作者“忘记”了很多事情，“然而”，作者现在仍然尽力对所有人都善良。]15．A.thusB．howeverC．thereforeD．besidesB　[考查副词。参见上题解析。]16．A.decisionB．differenceC．dealD．livingB　[考查名词。根据后文中的“whenpeoplepraiseotherpeoplefortheirefforts...upliftsthewholeworldoneheartatatime”可推知，这种行为会“产生影响”，makeadifference为固定搭配，意为“有作用，有影响”。]17．A.insteadofB．exceptforC．alongwithD．becauseofA　[考查介词短语。根据前文中的“praiseotherpeople”和后文中的“beingenvious”可知，此处为转折关系，人们表扬他人“而不是”嫉妒。]18．A.rareB．ambitiousC．insignificantD．significantC　[考查形容词。根据语境可知，此处表示无论他们多么“微不足道”，我们都要为实现目标的人们感到骄傲。rare罕见的；ambitious有野心的，有抱负的；insignificant微不足道的；significant有重大意义的。]19．A.debateB．processC．matchD．circleD　[考查名词。根据空前的“positive”和空后的“thatgoeson”可知，这是一种良性“循环”。debate辩论；process进程；match比赛，火柴；circle循环，圆圈。]\n20．A.directB．immediateC．chainD．firstC　[考查语境选词。根据前文中的“thatgoeson”可知，善待他人会引起“连锁”反应，chainreaction意为“(事情的)连锁反应”，符合语境。]课时提能练(三十六)选修6　Unit18　Beauty(B)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2020·湖南省六校联考)Whenyouthinkofbatteries，you'lllikelythinkaboutthempoweringupremotecontrols，cellphones，flashlightsandtoys.Butsomepeoplecarryabatteryaroundintheirbodytopowerapacemaker(起搏器)．Itisn'treallypleasantandeasytocarrybatteriesbecausetheyneedtobereplacedsooftenandtheycanleakpoisonouschemicals.Abatterypoweredpacemakermaybecomeathingofthepast，thankstoanewtechnologydevelopedbyUCLAresearchers:Abiologicalsupercapacitor(超级电容器)，whichisthinnerthanseveralhairs.TeamsofresearchersatUCLAandtheUniversityofConnecticutpublishedapaperinajournalexplainingtheirnewinvention.Thesupercapacitorismadefromacarbonmaterial，andcoatedwithhumanlikeproteinsthatactaselectrodes(电极)．Butwhatmakesthedevicedifferentisthatitispoweredbyanenergyharvesterthatchangesbodyheatandmovementinthebloodintoenergy.Thosetraditionalpacemakersaresixtoeightmillimetersthick.Theyaremuchbigger.Thenewsupercapacitor，which，duetoitslackofbattery，isonlyonemicrometerthick.This“little”featurecouldbenefitthenewpacemaker'senergyefficiency，researchersstated.Furthermore，unlikeotherbatteriesusedinmedicaltreatments，thesupercapacitorcanbendandtwistinthebodywithoutsufferingdamage.Thoughthey'venotbeenwidelyusedinthemedicalworld，supercapacitorshavetheabilitytoserveasasaferandmoreefficientmedicaldevicethanthetraditionalbatteryoperateddevices，theresearchersbelieve.“Inordertobeeffective，batteryfreepacemakersmusthavesupercapacitorsthatcanget，storeandtransportenergy.However，commercialsupercapacitorsaretooslowtomakethemwork”，saidMaherElKady，aUCLAresearcherandcoauthorofthestudy.“Ourresearchfocusedonthecustomdesignedsupercapacitortocaptureenergyeffectively，andfindingawaytomakeitexisttogethersuccessfullywiththehumanbody.”\n【语篇解读】　文章介绍了一项新的发明——超级电容器。它不需要电池，而且尺寸更小、更安全，能更好地为起搏器供能。1．Whatdoweknowabouttraditionalpacemakers?A．Theyareverypopularwithusers.B．Theyarethinnerthanseveralhairs.C．Theycandoharmtotheusers'bodies.D．Theyarereallyconvenienttocarryaround.C　[细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，传统的起搏器需要经常更换电池，而且电池会泄漏有毒的化学物质，因此它们对人身体有害。故选C。]2．Whatisspecialaboutthenewsupercapacitor?A．Ithaselectrodesontheoutside.B．Itismadefromakindofproteinmaterial.C．Ithelpssavethecarriers'moneyandenergy.D．Itcantransformtheenergyfromthebody.D　[细节理解题。根据第二段可知，超级电容器是由一个能量采集器驱动的，该能量采集器将身体热量和血液中的运动转化为能量，即转化来自身体的能量，故选D。]3．Whichofthefollowingmakesthenewpacemakerenergyefficient?A．Thesmallsize.B．Thesmallbattery.C．Theenergyharvester.D．Thebendingandtwistingcharacters.A　[细节理解题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“This‘little’featurecouldbenefitthenewpacemaker'senergyefficiency”可知，这种“小”的特征有利于新起搏器的能效，即使它节能，故选A。]【干扰项分析】　此题易误选C项。由第2题的解析可知，能量采集器转化来自身体的能量从而驱动超级电容器，未提到其帮助新起搏器节能。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ABatterypoweredPacemakerIsHarmingPeople'sBodyB．ANewPacemakerThatDoesn'tNeedtoUseBatteriesC．PeopleTodayAren'tWillingtoUsetheTraditionalPacemakerD．UCLAResearchersAreCommittedtotheMedicalEquipmentB　[标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一项新的发明，即用于起搏器的超级电容器，这种电容器不需要电池，故选B项。]B\n(2020·北京市西城区统一测试)Storeownershavebeeninventingnewtrickstogetconsumersintotheirstoresandpurchasingtheirgoods.Evenaswefindnewstrategiestoresist，neuroscientists(神经科学家)areemployedatmarketingagenciesacrossthecountrytobestfigureoutwhatisgoingthroughaconsumer'sbrainateachpointinthedecisionprocess.Weconsumersoverspendduetothefactthatwehaveafearofmissingthereallygooddealorhavingtopaymoreforthesamethingandlosemoney.Normally，theprefrontalcortex(额叶前皮层)controlsouremotionalreactionstothings，andkeepsusfromactingunreasonablybycalmingdownourfears.Butanadvertisercandisturbourprefrontalcortexjustbydisplayingflashydealsigns，encouragingittodomathonhowmuchmoneywemightsavenowbybuyingmoreofsomethingwedon'tactuallyneedyet.Nostalgia，thatregretfulaffectionforpastevents，isanotherstronginfluenceduringtheholidayseason，andit'sshapedbyemotion.Emotion—whethergoodorbad—enhancestheformationofmemories，engagingmorepartsofthebrain.Sohearinganephewsingingacarol，forinstance，mightreawakenmemoriesassociatedwiththatparticularsonginamuchmorepowerfulwaythanhearingthatsamenephewsinganothersong.Thesekindsofmemoriesarebroughtbackevenmoreeasilybysensoryinput.Thismightbewhyweareoftengreetedbyasensoryremindereverywherewegoinamonth.Whereveryoupurchasegifts，therearesocialinfluencesonwhatyoubuyaswell.Theholidaysareatimewhenweareespeciallyconditionedtopaymoreforthelabelbecausewe'rebuyinggifts.Receivingabrandnamegiftsendsthemessagethat“thispersonhasspentmoreonme，soheorshemustvaluememore”．Anditmakessense.Iftwothingsseemprettymuchthesame，howdoIknowwhichtochoose?Humanshavesurvivedasasocialspecies，andwehavetorelyoneachother.Sowhenourbrainsaretryingtomakedecisions，oneoftheshortcutsistoassumethatifalotofotherpeopleprefersomething(andhighercostisoftenapredictorofthat)，thentheremustbeareason.Muchofourholidayspendingisdrivenbyunplannedpurchases.Planahead，resisttheurgetopurchaseinamoment，makenotesforcomparisonshopping，andifthedealisactuallygood，thenitwillstandtheinspectionandyou'llfeelgoodaboutyourpurchaseslater.Beforeyoublowyourbudgetthisseason，rememberthatyourbrainmightbefoolingyouintopurchasingthethingsyoudon'tneed.\n【语篇解读】　本文主要从三个方面分析了引起消费者过度消费的因素，即我们害怕失去真正好的交易或害怕不得不花费更多的钱买同样的东西、怀旧之情以及社交的影响。5．FromParagraph2，welearnthat________.A．theprefrontalcortexisthecalculationcenterB．thecommonconsumersalwaysactunreasonablyC．thesightofflashydealsignsmayfillconsumerswithfearD．theadvertisersmakeconsumerspaymoreforthesamethingC　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“wehaveafearofmissingthereallygooddealorhavingtopaymoreforthesamethingandlosemoney”和“Butanadvertisercandisturbourprefrontalcortex...wedon'tactuallyneedyet”可推知，看到显眼的交易标志会使消费者心中充满担忧，故选C。]6．AccordingtoParagraph3，whichofthefollowingcanworkonconsumers?A．Creatingafestivalatmosphere.B．Followingthecurrentfashion.C．Preparingmorefreesamples.D．Offeringabiggerdiscount.A　[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Nostalgia，thatregretfulaffectionforpastevents，isanotherstronginfluenceduringtheholidayseason，andit'sshapedbyemotion”并结合本段中举的例子可推知，节日氛围会激发消费者的怀旧之情，刺激他们消费，故A项正确。]7．Whydowebuybrandnamegiftsduringtheholiday?A．Theyaremorereliable.B．Theyareasignofsocialstatus.C．Theymakepeoplefeelvalued.D．Theyarefavoredbymostpeople.C　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Receivingabrandnamegiftsendsthemessagethat‘thispersonhasspentmoreonme，soheorshemustvaluememore’”可知，人们买品牌礼物是为了让对方感觉自己很受重视，故选C。]8．Toavoidoverspending，theauthorsuggestswe_______.A．buyinamomentB．reduceourbudgetC．returnunnecessaryproductsD．makeaplaninadvanceD　[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Planahead，resisttheurgetopurchaseinamoment，makenotesforcomparison\nshopping”可知，为了避免超支，作者建议人们在购物时要提前进行计划，故D选项正确。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2020·深圳市普通高中统一测试)Imagineyouareonalongcartrip.Itisnightandyoutakeawrongturnontoadarkcountryroad.Withasinkingfeeling，yourealizethatyouhavenoideawhereyouare.__1__，andtheansweriswritteninlight—ashiningcompassface，withnorth，south，eastandwestatthefourpoints，andabigneedlearepointingatnorth.Whatarelief!Youturnyourcararoundandheadintherightdirectionguidedbythesky.Formigratingbirds，findingtheirwayoverlongdistancesthroughthedarkestnightsistheirsecondnature.__2___—directionswrittenbylightandmagnetism(磁力)．Somemigratingbirdsjourneyforthousandsofmilesintheirtwiceyearlyjourneys.__3___，likemountainrangesandrivers，tohelpdecidethedirections；butmigratingbirdsmayalsonavigatebythestars，andbysensing—oreven“seeing”—theEarth'sinvisiblemagneticfield.Formanyyears，scientistshavebeenstudyingwhat'sbehindthestrongabilityofmigratingbirdstofindtheirwaytotheirwinterandsummerhomes.Hereisonethingthattheyagreeon.__4___.Thiscompassleadsthemtomaketheirveryfirstautumnflightinthedirection，inwhichtherestoftheirspecieshavelongtravelled.__5__.A．ThenyouglanceupattheskyB．SomigratingbirdsarebornknowingwhichwayhomeisC．TheydoitinpartbyreadingdirectionsintheskyD．Magnetismisimportantforallanimals，especiallybirdsandfishesE．Whenthey'reontheway，theytakeadvantageoffamiliarlandmarksF．MigratorybabybirdsarealreadyequippedwithakindofpresentinnercompassG．Inbirds，migrationmeanstwowayjourneys—onwardjourneyandbackwardjourney【语篇解读】　候鸟每年要进行两次迁徙，行程数千公里，它们靠山脉、河流、天空中的星辰以及感知地球的隐形磁场来找到正确的方向。研究表明，候鸟天生就知道家的方向。1．A　[第一段讲到你驾车迷失方向的情景，空处应是与此相关，此处表示你仰望天空，通过星辰找到方向，故A项衔接上下文。]2．C　[空前一句表述候鸟能在最漆黑的夜晚远距离找到它们的方向是它们的第二个本性，空处应是解释其原因，故C项“在某种程度上，它们通过读懂天空的方向来找它们的方向”符合语境。]\n3．E　[空后的“likemountainrangesandrivers”与E项中的“familiarlandmarks”相呼应。E项(鸟儿在飞行途中利用熟悉的地标)与“如山脉、河流来帮助选定方向”相衔接，故选E项。]4．F　[空后的“Thiscompass”是F项中的“innercompass”的复现。代入F项(候鸟宝宝已经具备了一种现有的内在指南针)，其与空后(这种指南针引领它们进行第一次秋季迁徙)语意相连贯。故选F项。]5．B　[空前一句表述候鸟宝宝具备的内在指南针引领它们进行第一次秋季迁徙，故B项(所以，候鸟天生知道回家的路)符合语境。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2020·安徽省部分重点校联考)Experiencesareacquiredthroughourjourneyinlife；wechooseandcreateourbeliefs，fearsandopinions1.________(base)onallourexperiencesinlife.Eventhoughthingsandlifearethewaytheyare，weallhavedifferentopinionsabouteverythingandeverybody.Otherpeoplehaveopinionsaboutustoo.But2._________reallymattersistheopinionwehaveabout3.________(we)．Youeitherchoosetoacceptandfollowwhatotherpeoplebelieve4.________decidetobeyourselfandliveaccordingtotherealityoflife.5．________livinglifeasitisandbeingyourself，youcreateanimageaboutyourself.Itisextremelyimportant6.________(understand)howthisimage，createdbyyourbeliefsandimagination，directsandinfluencesyour7.________(grow)．Thisimagethatyoucreateaboutyourself8._________(determine)whoyouareandhowyoufeel；itdetermineshowsuccessfulyoubecomeinlife.Everythingstartsinthemind.Ifyoureallywanttoaccomplishyourdreams，pictureyourselfhavingandlivingthelifeyouwant.Believeinyourselfandbe9._________(confidence)!Itdoesn'tmatterhowbadordifficultthe10._________(circumstance)maylooklike.Inshort，youareashappyorsadasyouseeyourself.【语篇解读】　本文介绍了我们的经历、信仰和个人形象之间的关系以及个人形象的重要性。我们的经历决定了我们的个人观点，我们的个人观点又创造出我们的个人形象。人生中最重要的就是我们对自己的看法与态度。1．based　[考查非谓语动词。bebasedon是固定用法，意为“以……为依据”，故此处可为形容词短语作后置定语；另外，basesth.onsth.“以……为依据”也为固定用法，此处“ourbeliefs，fearsandopinions”与base为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式based。]2．what　[考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，故填what。注意：that引导主语从句时，在从句中不充当成分。]\n3．ourselves　[考查代词。此处表示“我们对自己的看法”，故填反身代词ourselves。]4．or　[考查固定搭配。either...or...是固定搭配，意为“要么……要么……”，符合语境。]5．By　[考查介词。此处表示通过过真实的生活，做你自己，你创造了一个关于你自己的形象。故用介词by，意为“通过”。]6．tounderstand　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查不定式作真正主语，it作形式主语的用法，故填tounderstand。]7．growth　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，空前的形容词性物主代词your的后面应跟名词，故填growth。]8．determines　[考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处应与上下文用的一般现在时保持一致，且句子的主语是第三人称单数，故应填determines。]9．confident　[考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空前的系动词be后应跟形容词作表语，故应填confident。]10．circumstances　[考查名词的单复数。根据语境可知，此处表示各种情况，故用circumstances。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2020·天水模拟)ItwasraininglightwhenIgotupyesterday.Afterquickbreakfast,Itookanumbrellawithmeandwenttoschoolinahurry.Itwasfifteenminutesafterschoolbegan.IwasrunningquicklywhileIsawanoldmanwalkingslowlyintherain.Istopped,wonderedwhethertohelphimornot,asImightbelatetoschool.ThenImadeadecisiontowalkwithhimhome.Abouttenminuteslate,wearrivedathishouse.Hethankedmeagainandagain.Ismiledandsaiditwasnothing.IwaslatewhenIgottoschool.Hearinghisstory,theheadteacher,thatwasgivinghislecture,praisedmebeforeallthestudents.[答案]　ItwasrainingwhenIgotupyesterday.Afterquickbreakfast,Itookanumbrellawithmeandwenttoschoolinahurry.Itwasfifteenminutesschoolbegan.IwasrunningquicklyIsawanoldmanwalkingslowlyintherain.Istopped,whethertohelphimornot,asImightbelateschool.Then\nImadeadecisiontowalkhimhome.Abouttenminutes，wearrivedathishouse.Hethankedmeagainandagain.Ismiledandsaiditwasnothing.IwaslatewhenIgottoschool.Hearingstory,theheadteacher,wasgivinghislecture,praisedmebeforeallthestudents.Ⅴ.书面表达(2020·郑州联考)假定你是高三学生李华，高考前夕，你的美国朋友Jack发来邮件说他被哈佛大学(HarvardUniversity)录取了。请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，要点包括：1．表达祝贺；2．介绍你的情况(想争取考上……，紧张备考，考试前不自信)；3．寻求建议。注意：1.词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________[参考范文]　DearJack，Iammorethandelightedtoknowthatyou'vebeenadmittedintoHarvardUniversity.Iamwritingtoofferyoumycongratulationsonyoursuccess.Tobehonest,IplantostudyatoneofChina'stopuniversitieswhenIgraduatefromseniorhighschool.Ihavebeenworkinghardforthisoverthepastyears.However,withtheCollegeEntranceExaminationdrawingnear,Isuddenlyfindmyselflosingconfidenceandfeelingafraidthatmyeffortswon'tpayoff.Haveyoueverdoubtedyourselftoo?Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivemesomeadviceonhowtodealwithmypresentsituation.Iamlookingforwardtoyourearliestreply.\nYours，LiHua