高考英语 Unit 2　Poems要点梳理+重点突破 新人教版选修6

选修6　Unit2　Poems要点梳理高效梳理·知识备考●重点单词1．conveyvt.传达；运送2．concreteadj.具体的3．contradictoryadj.引起矛盾的；好反驳的4．flexibleadj.灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的5．patternn．模式；式样；图案6．teasevi.&vt.取笑；招惹；戏弄7．branchn．枝条；支流；部门8．eventuallyadv.最后；终于9．transformvi.&vt.转化；转换；改造；变换→transformationn．转化10．sorrown．悲伤；悲痛；懊悔→sorrowfuladj.悲伤的11．appropriateadj.适当的；正当的12．exchangen．交换；交流；互换vt.&vi.调换；交换13．sponsorn．赞助人；主办者；倡议者vt.发起；举办；倡议14．loadn．负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)●重点短语1．makesense　　　　　　　　　　有意义2．can’ttakeone’seyesoffsb./sth.无法将目光从某人身上/某物上挪开3．stayup熬夜，不睡觉；挺立4．takeiteasy轻松；不紧张；从容5．runoutof用完23\n6．makeupof(多用于被动结构)构成7．transforminto...变成……8．inparticular尤其；特别9．tryout测试；试验10．letout发出；放走●重点句型1．Therearevariousreasonswhypeoplewritepoetry.人们会写诗有种种原因。2．Somerhyme(likeB)whileothersdonot(likeC)．有些诗押韵(像B)，但也有些不是这样(像C)。3．Andsaidthoughstrangetheyallweretrue.而且他说虽然这有些离奇，但却真实。4．Withsomanydifferentformsofpoetrytochoosefrom,_studentsmayeventuallywanttowritepoemsoftheirown.因为有许多不同类型的诗可以选择，学生们可能最后都想写他们自己的诗歌了。●高考范文(2008·山东)假设你是新华中学的学生张华，班里从外地转来一名同学李明，他一时无法融入新的班集体中，感到很苦恼。请根据下列要点用英语给他写封信：*帮他分析原因*给他提出建议*陈述你帮助他的具体打算注意：词数120～150DearLiMing，________________________________________________________________________________________________________Bestregards，23\nZhangHua[范文]DearLiMing，I'msorrytoknowthatyoufeeldistressedatyournewclass.Oneofthereasons,Ibelieve,isthatyoumightbetooshytotalkconfidentlywithyourclassmates.Maybeyouareafraidthatyourclassmateswillmakefunofyouraccent.Thereforeitisnaturalforyoutofeellonelyoccasionally.Ibelieve,withyoureffort,youcanmanagetoovercomethesedifficulties.Tostartwith,itcanbewelllearnedtospeakputonghua,wellunderstoodbyalltheChinese.Besides,comparingnoteswithyourclassmatesfrequentlyisagoodwayforyoutomakenewfriends.Inoursparetime,I‘llinviteyoutoplaybasketballorgotosomeparties.Also,I’dliketointroducemygoodfriendstoyou.IhopeyoucanadapttothenewschoollifeassoonaspossibleBestregards，ZhangHua考点探究互动探究·能力备考Ⅰ.词汇短语过关1．conveyvt.传达；运送；传播conveyor(er)n.运送者，传达者；运输设备conveysb./sth.from...to...把某人/某物从……运送到……conveysth.tosb.向某人传达/表达(思想、感情等)[即学即练1](1)Pipes______hotwater______theboiler______theradiators.管道把热水从锅炉输送到散热器里。(2)Wordscan‘t______howdelightedIwas.言辞无法表达我内心的喜悦。(3)Please______mygoodwishes______yourmother.23\n请向您母亲转达的美好祝愿。conveyfromtoconveyconveyto2．transformvt.&vi.改变，转变，改造，使改观transformationn.(外观或性质的)改变，变革transformAintoB使A变成BbetransformedfromAtoB从A变到Btransforminto转化成，改观为[即学即练2](1)Thephotochemicalreactions__________thelight______electricalimpulses.光化学反应使光变为电脉冲。(2)Thecompanyhas______________________afamilybusiness______amultimillionpoundoperation.这家公司已由一个家庭企业变成拥有数百万英镑的运作机构。(3)Let’s____________theoldeducationalsystem.让我们改革旧的教育制度。transformintobeentransformedfromintotransform提示：trans是前缀，意为“转移，变化”。如：transport运输，运送　transfer转移，调往　transmit传导，输送，播送　translate翻译3．appropriateadj.适当的，正当的　v.挪用，拨出(款项23\n)appropriationn.盗用，挪用，专款beappropriateto/for适于，合乎appropriatesth.forsth.为某物拨专款[即学即练3](1)Jeansarenot__________________aformalparty.正式聚会上穿牛仔裤不合适。(2)Hewasaccusedof_____________clubfunds.他被指控盗用俱乐部资金。(3)Fivemilliondollarshas________________________researchintothedisease.已拨款五百万美元用于这种疾病的研究。appropriateforappropriatingbeenappropriatedfor4．exchangen．交换；交流；互换vt.&vi.调换；交换exchangesth.forsth.以……换取……exchangesth.withsb.和某人交换某物inexchangefor交换makeanexchange交换exchangewords争吵；吵架[即学即练4](1)Itookhiscamera______________________mywatch.我用我的手表换他的相机。(2)Theyhaveofferedtoreleasethereporters,butwhatdotheywant__________________？他们提出可以释放记者，但他们想要什么作为交换？(3)He___________anapple______anorange.他用一个苹果换了一个橘子。(4)ShallI___________seats______you?23\n我和你换一下座位好吗？inexchangeforinexchangeexchangedfor　exchangewith5．loadn.负担，负荷物(尤指沉重的)v.装载，加重，把弹药装入(枪炮)takealoadoffone‘smind打消某人的顾虑aloadof/loadsof很多的aheavyloadforsb.对某人来说是一种重荷loadsth./sb.withsth.用……装载……/使负担loadsth.into/ontosb./sth.把……装入(到)……/使负担loadup(使)载满loadoffone’smind消除某人的思想负担[即学即练5](1)Thetruckiscarrying__________________apples.那辆卡车运载着苹果。(2)Hermother‘srecovery________________________hermind.她妈妈的康复使她心中卸下重担。(3)Thetruck__________________bananas.那卡车装载着香蕉。(4)Hehelpedmeto______myfurniture______thetruck.他帮我把家具装上车。aloadoftookaload23\noffwasloadedwithloadonto提示：与load有关的合成词overload(使)超载　　　　autoload自动加载unload卸货，卸载，退子弹　carload车载量download下载(计算机用语)　workload工作量upload上传(计算机用语)6．takeiteasy/takethingseasy别紧张，从容，松懈，不急takeit/thingseasy告诉别人不要紧张(指在心理上“别紧张，别着急”，相当于Don‘tbenervous.)takeone’stime(Don‘thurry.)“别着急”，告诉别人不要着急。(意味着时间还早、没必要匆忙。)takesb./sth.seriously认真对待某人/某事take...forgranted认为……理所当然[即学即练6](1)Thereisnothingserious;youcan__________________.没什么严重的事，你不要紧张。(2)Now,nousegettingnervous.Tom,__________________.汤姆，不要过于紧张，现在着急是没用的。(3)There'snoneedtorushback—just__________________.不用急着赶回来——慢慢来吧。takeiteasytakeiteasy23\ntakeyourtime7．runoutof用完；用光Sb.runsoutofsth.某人用光某物。Sth.isrunoutof.某物被用光。Sth.isrunningout.某物快用光了。Sb.usesupsth.某人用光某物。Sth.isusedup.某物快被用光。Sb.runsshortofsth.某人快用光某物了。Sth.runsshort.某物快用完了。Sb./Sth.givesout.某人精疲力尽/某物用完。[即学即练7](1)Tomhad__________________moneyandhehadtowritealetteraskinghisfathertosendhimsomebypost.汤姆用完了钱，不得不写信让父亲汇些来。(2)Foodinthefloodedarea____________fastsincemoreandmorepeoplebecamehomeless.由于愈来愈多的人无家可归，洪灾区的食品很快就用完了。(3)Hisstrength____________afterheranthatlongdistance.跑完那么长一段距离，他已筋疲力竭。(4)Theyhave____________theirmoney.他们已经把钱花光了。runoutofranoutgaveoutusedup23\n8．makeupof(多用于被动结构)构成makeup组成；编造；化妆；补偿makeupfor弥补makeout听出，看出，辨认出bemadeof/from由……制成bemadeoutof由……制成；用……改制而成bemadeinto把……做成……bemadein(某物)产于某地[即学即练8](1)Areallanimalbodies__________________cells?所有动物的身体都是由细胞组成的吗？(2)Nothingcan__________________thedeathofsomanypeople.什么也弥补不了这么多人的死亡。(3)Books__________________paper,whilepaper__________________wood.书是由纸做成的；而纸是由木头做的。madeupofmakeupforaremadeofismadefrom9．letout发出；放走letsth.out泄露(秘密等)；发出(叫喊等)；放宽；放大(衣服等)；让……跑掉letsb.out放……出去，释放23\nletsb.down让某人失望letsb./sth.in让某人/某物进来letalone更不用说[即学即练9](1)Don’t__________________aboutmylosingjob.别把我丢了工作一事泄露出去。(2)He’sgettingsofatthathistrousershaveto__________________roundthewaist.他越来越胖，裤腰都得放宽了。(3)Thebabycan’tevencrawlyet,____________walk.这孩子连爬都不会，更不用说走了。letitoutbeletoutletaloneⅡ.重点句型详解1．Therearevariousreasonswhypeoplewritepoetry.人们写诗有各种各样的理由。reasonwhy...。reason的意思是“原因，理由”，后面的定语从句常用why和that,which引导，后接同位语从句时要用that引导，对reason的内容进行说明或解释，要注意它们所使用的场合。①ThereasonwhyhefailedtheEnglishexamwasthathedidn'tlearnitwell.他英语考试不及格的原因是他没学好。(why在定语从句中做状语)②Idon'tbelievethereasonthat/whichyougaveme.我不相信你给我的理由。(that和which在定语从句中做gave的宾语)③Wearenotgoingforthesimplereasonthatwecan'taffordit.我们不去，原因很简单：我们负担不起。(that引导同位语从句)23\n拓展：(1)Thatiswhy...那就是……的原因。(强调结果)(2)Thisisbecause...这是因为……(强调原因)(3)在thereasonwhy...is/wasthat结构中，一般用that引导表语从句，而不用because。[即境活用1](2008·四川模拟)Thereasonforhissuccessis______heworkedveryhard.A．whyB．thatC．becauseD．for解析：考查thereason的表语从句，由that引导。答案：B2．Somerhyme(likeB)whileothersdonot(likeC)．有些诗押韵(像B)，但也有些不是这样(像C)。while的用法归纳：(1)while用做并列连词，构成并列句，意为“然而，但是”，相当于and/but,强调前后两种情况的对比或转折，此时while一般位于句中。(2)while用做从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候；和……同时”，此时的主从句谓语动作同时发生，从句谓语通常是延续性动词。(3)while引导让步状语从句，常放在句首，意为“尽管”“虽然”，比although或though语气要轻。(4)while引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，其意思和用法相当于aslongas。while可位于句首，也可位于句中。(5)while引导从句时，如果主从句的主语一致，且从句谓语又含有be，则从句主语和be可以省略。while后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。①Youlikesports,whileIprefermusic.你喜欢体育，而我更喜欢音乐。②Iwasreadingthebookwhileyouweretalkingtome.你对我说话的时候，我正在看书。③Whileitisverycoldtoday,wedecidetogooutforawalk.尽管今天天气很冷，我们还是决定出去走走。④Whileasparkofliferemains,itisadoctor‘sdutytosavethepatient.23\n只要病人还有一线生机，医生就有责任抢救。⑤Youhavetobeverycarefulwhile(youare)driving.你开车时必须很小心。提示：while引导时间状语从句时，指一段时间，不用来表示时间点；when引导时间状语从句时，既指时间段，也指时间点。如：①When/WhileIwasinmiddleschool,IlikedEnglishverymuch.我上中学时非常喜欢英语。②Whenheentered,IwaswatchingTV.(不能用while)当他进来时我正在看电视。[即境活用2](1)(2008年四川非延考区)Insomeplaceswomenareexpectedtoearnmoney______menworkathomeandraisetheirchildren.A．but　　　　　　　　　　B．whileC．becauseD．though解析：while在此句中意为“然而”，表对比。答案：B(2)(2008·湖南卷)______theInternetisofgreathelp,Idon'tthinkit'sagoodideatospendtoomuchtimeonit.A．IfB．WhileC．BecauseD．As答案：B解析：while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”。(3)(2008·上海卷)—AreyoureadyforSpain?—Yes,Iwantthegirlstoexperiencethat______theyareyoung.A．whileB．untilC．ifD．before解析：while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”。答案：A易错点拨自我完善·误区备考23\n1.transform/change/convert/shift/transfer这五个词都含有“改变”的意思。(1)transform强调完全改变某事或人的外观或特征。(2)change着重强调与以前不一样，是最常用的单词。(3)convert是由一种形式或作用转变成为另一种形式或作用。(4)shift含有轻易变动之意，一般用于改变位置或方向，或出于不正当动机把罪过嫁祸给他人。(5)transfer意为“移交，转移”，强调从一处转移到另一处。1.[应用1]　(1)______coalto/intopipelinegas.将煤转化为管道气。(2)He______thechairclosertothebed.他把椅子向床移近。(3)Pleasehavemyluggage___________totherailwaystation.请把我的行李转到火车站去。Convertshiftedtransferred(4)TheGreenshave____________theirgarageintoaguesthouse.格林家把他们的车库改成了客房。(5)Theweatheris_____________forbetter/worse.天气正在变好/坏。transformedchanging2.appropriate/fit/suitable/proper四个词都含有“适合”的意思。(1)appropriate指适合于特殊的人、场合、地位等，强调自然具备适宜的性质。(2)fit意为某人或某物在目的上、用途上适合。(3)suitable意味着适合某种情况。(4)proper含有生来就具备适宜性质的含义，还表示某物具有它应当具备的性质。23\n[应用2]　(1)Thisisa______toolforthejob.这是一件适合那项工作的工具。(2)Thehouseisnotreally___________foralargefamily.这所房子确实不适合大家庭居住。(3)Hiscasualclotheswerenot___________forsuchaformaloccasion.他的便服不适宜在这样正式的场合穿。(4)Heis______forthejob.他能胜任这项工作。propersuitableappropriatefit3.eventually/finally/atlast/intheend这四个词或短语均在句中做状语，含“最后，最终”之意，区别如下：(1)eventually通常指由某一必然原因导致的“最终的结果”。(2)finally指经过一段时间的等待才出现结果，主要位于动词前面，有时用于列举中的最后一项。(3)atlast表明说话者主观的语气很强烈，指经过一段时间的期待好不容易才出现的结果，暗示心里一阵“轻松”。通常位于句首或句末。(4)intheend最后，最终。语气稍弱，指经过种种变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况之后某事才发生。[应用3]　(1)____________anagreementwasreachedbetweenthetwoparties.双方最终达成了协议。(2)Shefailedsomanytimesthat__________________shegaveuphope.她多次失败，以至于最终放弃了希望。(3)Heworkedsohardthat__________hemadehimselfill.他工作太卖力，最后病倒了。Atlastinthe23\nendeventually(4)Weneedtoincreaseproductivity;weneedtocutdownthecost,and______weneedtomakeourgoodscompetitiveonworldmarkets.我们需要提高生产率，我们需要降低成本；最后，我们还需要提高我们的商品在国际上的竞争力。finally高效作业自我测评·技能备考Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Asteamenginet_______________heatintopower.2．Thecompany'sheadofficeisinthecity,butithasb____________alloverthecountry.3．Aliteralt____________isnotalwaystheclosesttotheoriginalmeaning.4．Theambassadorpersonallyc___________thepresident'smessagetothepremier.5．Thereise___________worktodowhenyouhavechildreninthehouse.transforms　branchestranslationconveyedendless6．Thebookwaswritteninastyle_____________(适当的)totheageofthechildren.7．Shefoundacompanyto__________(资助)herthroughcollege.8．The__________(钻石)ringonherfingerglitteredinthelight.9．Youneedtobemore___________(灵活)andimaginativeinyourapproach.10．Hehangedhimselfin_______(悲伤)afterhiswifedied.appropriate　sponsordiamond23\nflexiblesorrowⅡ.单项选择1．—I'msorrytokeepyouwaiting.I'llmakeshortworkofthis.—______.I'mnotinahurry.A．Takeiteasy　　　　　　B．TakeyourtimeC．NotatallD．Doasyoulike答案：B解析：考查交际用语。由题中I‘mnotinahurry可知选B“别着急，慢慢来”，指时间上。takeiteasy指心理上“别紧张，别着急”。2．Astheincomeisincreasing,the______offamilylifehasbeenchangingoverrecentyears.A．modelB．characterC．processD．pattern答案：D解析：考查名词辨析。thepatternoffamilylife家庭生活方式。model模型；character性格；process过程。3．Thisisapoemthatperfectly______tothereaderthepoet'sfeelings.A．leadsB．contributesC．containsD．conveys答案：D解析：考查动词辨析。conveytosb.sth.“向某人传达某事”。leadto导致；contributeto贡献；contain包含。4．Inonly30years,thecountryhasbeen______intoanadvancedindustrialpower.A．translatedB．transmittedC．transferredD．transformed答案：D解析：考查动词辨析。betransformedinto被改变成为。translate翻译；transmit传导，运输；transfer转移，迁移。23\n5．______withabigfamily,themanworkedharddayandnight.A．LoadingB．LoadedC．HavingloadedD．Load答案：B解析：考查非谓语动词做状语。句子主语theman与load构成动宾关系，故用过去分词loaded。6．(2010·临川一中)TheGuinnessBookofWorldRecordsisnotsoeasy______.A．torememberB．toberememberedC．rememberingD．beingremembered答案：A解析：考查非谓语动词。easy,hard等形容词与不定式连用作表语时，如果句子的主语是动词不定式的逻辑宾语，通常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。7．Nancy'spalefacesuggestedthatshe______seriouslyill,soherteachersuggestedthatshe______toseethedoctor.A．shouldbe;shouldgoB．was;mustgoC．was;goD．be;oughttogo答案：C解析：第一个suggest意为“表明了，显示了”，从句中用正常语气was；第二个suggest意为“建议”，从句中用虚拟语气“(should)＋go”。8．(2010·山东潍坊质量监测)Thegovernmenthasagreedtopaythefirmsextrasumsto______fortheirfinanciallosses.A．makeup　　　　　　　　B．bringupC．fillupD．lookup答案：A解析：考查动词短语辨析。语意为：政府已同意付给这些公司额外的款项来弥补他们的经济损失。makeup弥补；bringup抚养；fillup(使)充满；lookup查找。9．It'shightimethatI______homeandI'dratheryou______againsometimeinthefuture.A．go;comeB．amgoing;comeC．went;cameD．wouldgo;wouldcome23\n答案：C解析：考查虚拟语气。it‘s(high)time后的that从句中用过去时；wouldrather从句中也用过去时。10．Thereason______heexplainedtousfornotbeinghereis______hemissedthebus.A．why;thatB．which;thatC．why;becauseD．which;because答案：B解析：第一空从句中缺explain的宾语，故选which；第二空表语从句由that引导。11．Formanypatients,institutional(慈善机构的)careisthemost______andbeneficialformofcare.A．suitableB．appropriateC．thoughtfulD．proper答案：B解析：句意：对许多病人来说，慈善机构的关心是一种最恰当、最有益的关心。appropriate“适当的，合适的”，指“恰如其分的”。suitable指“符合某时或某一环境下的要求或需要的”；thoughtful“关切的，考虑周到的”；proper指“正当的，正确的”。12．Totheirdelight,they______gotwhattheyhadbeenlookingforwardto.A．normallyB．eventuallyC．particularlyD．originally答案：B解析：考查副词辨析。A.正常地；通常地；B.终于，最后；C.特别地；D.最初，原先。由题意，选B。13．－I’mstillworkingonmyproject.－Oh,you’llmissthedeadline.Timeis______.A．runningoutB．goingoutC．givingoutD．losingout答案：A解析：句意：“我仍然在做这一个项目。”“啊！你也许不能如期完成了。因为快没时间了”。当表示时间用完、耗尽的时候多用runout。giveout“23\n分发，精疲力竭”。14．______everybodyenjoysfreshcutflowersaroundhishouse,fewpeopleknowhowtokeepthemforaslongaspossible.A．BecauseB．SinceC．WhileD．If答案：C解析：考查while引导的让步状语从句。句意：虽然每个人都喜欢自己房子里的新鲜插花，但很少人知道怎样尽可能长时间地保鲜。while在此表示“虽然，尽管”，由题意选C。15．(2010·福建六校三联)Idon'tliketheway______heoftenusestospeaktome.A．inwhichB．howC．whichD．what答案：C解析：考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词way，而且which在从句中作uses的宾语。Ⅲ.完形填空It'shardbeinganastronaut'sson.I__1__,everybodyexpectsyoutobespecialor__2__,andI'mjustanaveragestudent,andI'maverage,too,whenit__3__basketball,football,soccer,andbaseball.Ioftenwonder__4__myfathereverhadasonlikeme.Imeanhe'sso__5__andsogoodateverything.SoIusedtodreamaboutdoingsomethingspectacular(不平常的)to__6__myfatherandmakehim__7__me.Inoneclass,myteacher__8__aFather'sDayessaycontestforusandthewinners'essayswouldbereadinfrontofalltheparentsandstudents.AfterschoolIwalkedhome,__9__myfather,whoIwouldwriteaboutinmyessay.Hesatwithmeinthe__10__whenIwasalittlekidandhadanightmare.He__11__mewithanewpuppyatmyeighthbirthdayparty.Hesatandtriedto__12__deathtomewhenGrandpaBobdied.Tome,hewasn'taworldfamousastronaut,justmydad.23\nIwroteaboutallthese__13__inmyessay.Oneofourneighborssaid,“I__14__you'llwinthecontest,David.You'retheonlyoneintownwhocouldwriteaboutbeingthesonofanastronaut.”I__15__.Ihadn'tshownanyonetheessay,butnowIalmosthopedIwouldn'twin.Ididn'twanttowinjust__16__myfatherwasanastronaut.Iwonthesecondprize.WhenIfinishedreadingmyessay,the__17__applauded.Isawmyfatherblowinghisnose.Iwentbacktomyseat.Dadnoddedtome,__18__histhroat,andputhishandonmyshoulder.“Son,thisisthe__19__momentofmylife，”hesaid.Itwastheproudestmomentofmylife,too.MaybeI'llneverbeagreatheroorwinaNobelPrize,butjustthen,itwas__20__justtobemyfather'sson.1．A.meanB.sayC.knowD.believe2．A.strangeB.honestC.perfectD.formal3．A.referstoB.relateswithC.talksaboutD.comesto4．A.whyB.howC.whetherD.when5．A.normalB.funnyC.specialD.unique6．A.shockB.influenceC.attractD.impress7．A.proudofB.interestedinC.satisfiedwithD.ashamedof8．A.reportedB.announcedC.claimedD.warned23\n9．A.caringaboutB.worryingaboutC.thinkingaboutD.complainingabout10．A.silenceB.threatC.horrorD.dark11．A.pleasedB.astonishedC.supportedD.encouraged12．A.describeB.explainC.declareD.remark13．A.experimentsB.incidentsC.detailsD.memories14．A.wishB.guessC.betD.promise15．A.smiledB.noddedC.doubtedD.shrugged16．A.becauseB.ifC.whileD.as17．A.parentsB.audienceC.studentsD.teachers18．A.cleanedB.blewC.clearedD.opened19．A.bestB.proudestC.finestD.greatest20．A.naturalB.ambitiousC.importantD.enough答案及解析：1．A。用mean来解释前一句的意思。2．C。perfect杰出的，完美的。此句意为“每个人都认为你应该与众不同或者完美”。23\n3．D。whenitcomesto说到，谈到，为固定搭配。注意这里it为形式主语。4．B。句意：我有时候会想父亲怎么会有我这样的儿子呢。5．C。句意：父亲是如此的特别，擅长任何事。6．D。impress给人以深刻印象。7．A。句意：希望能够做出特别的事情来给父亲留下印象，并让他以我为骄傲。8．B。announce宣布。此处意为：老师向我们宣布了一件事，即让我们写关于父亲的作文。9．C。放学回家的时候，作者想着父亲的一切，决定写什么。10．D。dark对应nightmare。11．A。作者八岁生日时，父亲买回只小狗，作者感到惊喜。12．B。作者的父亲向他解释死亡是怎么一回事。13．D。此空上面四句话都属于作者的回忆。14．C。bet打赌。邻居确信作者会得奖，因为他是唯一一个可以写宇航员父亲的人。15．D。shrug耸肩，表示不置可否或不同意。16．A。作者不想因为自己父亲是宇航员才获奖。17．B。当我读完文章，下面的观众都为我鼓掌。18．C。父亲清了一下喉咙。说明父亲借此掩饰自己的激动。19．B。这是作者父亲一生中最自豪的时刻，文章最后一段首句也有暗示。20．D。虽然不能成为英雄或获得诺贝尔奖，但此时能作为父亲的儿子就足够了。Ⅳ.短文改错Once,latelyatnight,anEnglishmancameout1.________ofhisroomintoapassageofthehotelandask2.________theservanttobringheraglassofwater.Theservant3.___________didasheasked.TheEnglishmanreturnedtohisroom,4.__________lately→late23\nask→askedher→himhe∧asked→wasandafewminuteslaterhecameintothepassageagain5._________________andoncemoreaskedtheservantaglassofwater.6._________________EveryafewminutestheEnglishmanwouldcomeout7._________________ofhisroomandrepeatedhisrequest.Afterhalfanhour8._____________________and→butservant后加for去掉arepeated→repeattheastonishingservantdecidedtoaskthemanwhat9.__________________hewasdoingwiththewater.“Nothing，”heanswered10._______________________calmly.“It'ssimplythattheroomisonfire.”astonishing→astonished√23