高中英语2022高考语法专项练习（主谓一致）（附参考答案和考点精讲）

2022高考英语语法专项练习班级考号姓名总分（主谓一致）一、分类练习（一）就远一致 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.(2019江苏改编)Themusicianalongwithhisbandmembers______________(give)tenperformancesinthelastthreemonths.2.(2019天津改编)Amy,aswellasherbrothers,_____________(give)awelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.3.(2017天津改编)Nowadays,cycling,alongwithjoggingandswimming,_____________(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.（二）就近一致 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。4.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents_______(be)toattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.5.NotonlyIbutalsoDavidandIris_______(be)fondofplayingbasketball.6._____(be)eitherheoryoutohosttheTalentShowinourschoolthisyear?7.Thefollowing_______(be)someotherexamplesforyoutoreferto.     8.There_______(be)millionsofwebsitesontheInternetandthere_______(be)alotofusefulinformationonthewebsites.9.Betweenthetworowsoftrees__________(stand)thenewlybuiltteachingbuilding.（三）意义一致 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。10.Herfamily_________(be)largerthanmineandherfamily__________(watch)TVnow.11.Afterhearinghisinspiringspeech,theaudience_____________(move)byhisstoryandhiswords.12.Thecommittee_________(make)upof20members,who_________(be)allexpertsinmedicine.13.Thepolice_____________(search)forthemurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinatheatre.14.Everypossiblemeans____________(try)topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.15.Allpossiblemeans____________(try)topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.16.Theelderly_____________(take)  goodcareofinourcountryatpresent.9\n17.(2017·江苏改编)ThepublicationofGreatExpectations,which___________(be)bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised,strengthenedDickens,statusasaleadingnovelist.18.Threeyears___________(pass)sincetheymetlasttime,andforthem,threeyears_____(be)reallyalongtime.（四）语法一致 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。19.Whatweusedtothink_______(be)impossiblenowdoesseempossible.20.Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts___________(cause)hearinglossinsometeenagers.21.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory______________(not,decide)yet.22.Whatweneed_______(be)enoughwater,butwhattheyneed_______(be)houses.23.Thecompanyhadabout20notebookcomputersbutonlyone-third__________(use)regularly.Nowwehave60workingalldaylong.24.One-thirdofthecountry__________(cover)withtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens_______(be)blackpeople.25.40%ofthepopulationinthatcountry________(be)young,andtwothirdsofthem_________(not)knowhowtoreadandwrite.26.Apoetandartist_______(be)comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteraturethisafternoon.27.Butterandbread________(be)theirdailyfood,butthebreadandthebutter__________(eat)upsofar.28.Earlytobedandearlytorise__________(make)amanhealthy,happyandwise.29.In our country every boy and every girl ________(have)the right to receiveeducation. 30.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofearth________(wash)awayeachyear.31.--Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?---Becauselargequantitiesofwater__________(pollute).32.Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonourroads__________(keep)risingthesedays.33.Thenumberofpeopleinvited______(be)fifty,butanumberofthem_______(be)absentfordifferentreasons.34.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho________(wear)eveningdress.35.-–Didyougototheshowlastnight?-–Yeah.Everyboyandgirlinthearea___________(invite).36.Allthescientificevidence_____(show)thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarming_______(be)damagingourhealth.37.Thesummerholidayiscomingandweeach______(be)readyforthepicnicinthepastweeks.38."All_______(be)presentandall_______(be)goingonwell,"ourheadteachersaid.9\n39.Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse_______________(build)atpresentinthedisasterarea.40.ItisI,who_______(be)yourteacher,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.二、综合练习（一）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Currently,about35,000works____________(display)inover300roomsintheLouvre,anditwouldtakealifetimetoseeeverything.2.Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you'llfindprobablyasolutionthat_______(suit)everyone.3.(2020天津改编)Thenumberofmedicalschoolsreached18intheearly1990sand__________(remain)aroundthatlevelsince.4.(2020全国II)Thisiswhydecoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers__________(carry)specialsignificance.5.(2019全国Ⅰ)Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six _____ (be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata. 6.(2019全国II)IlovecominghereandseeingmyfamilyandallthefriendsI _______ (make)overtheyears.7.(2019全国III)Onthelastdayofourweek-longstay,we __________  (invite)toattendaprivateconcertonabeautifulfarmontheNorthShoreunderthestars.  8.(2018全国II)Since2011,thecountry__________(grow)morecornthanrice.9.(2017全国Ⅰ)Whenfatandsalt__________(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.10.(2016全国II)Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow __________(be)oftenacceptable.（二）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。11.Here_______(be)apen,afewpencilsandsomepaperforyou.12.Nowmorethanonemember_______(be)againsttheplan.13.Thiskindofcartoons_______ (sell)wellinthebookstorewhilecartoonsofthatkind___________badly(sell).14.Anironandsteelworks,withsomesatellitefactories,_______(be)tobebuilthere.15.E-mail,aswellastelephones,________(be)playinganimportantpartindailycommunication.16.Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren_______(go)skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.17.---Eachofthestudentsworkinghardattheirlessons __________(read)thebook.---SohaveI. 9\n18.Thenumberofthestudentswho________(possess)cellphones________(be)increasingrapidly,whichaffectsthenormalteachingbadly.19.Generally,students’innermotivationwithhighexpectationsfromothers______(be)essentialtotheirdevelopment.20.Sofaraseriesofproblems_____________(bring)aboutbythisdecision.（三）下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。21.Thecattleiseatinggrassonthehillnow.22.Kate,oneofmyclosefriends,comefromGuangzhou.23.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwishforaholiday.24.Thewriterandtranslatoraredeliveringaspeechinourschoolnow.25.Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneedsrepairing.26.Largequantitiesoffoodhasbeensenttotheflood-strickenvictimsinthepastfewdays.27.Theteacher,aswellas6girlsand8boys,werevisitingamuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.28.NooneinthedepartmentbutTomandIknowthatthedirectorwillresign.29.Thecountrylifetheelderlycouplewasusedtohavechangedgreatlysince1992.30.Whatthescienceteacherdoesandsaysareofgreatimportancetocollegestudents.（四）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。MynewdeskmateJames,whoseparents 31         (teach)EnglishinGuangzhoufortenyears, 32   (come)fromtheUnitedStates,which 33        (be)oneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.Heaswellashisparents 34    (enjoy)livinginGuangzhoubecauseneitherJamesnorhisparents 35      (finding)itdifficulttoadapttothelifeinChina.Intheiropinion,manyacustomhere 36      (be)easytounderstandandtenyears 37       (be)enoughforthemtogetusedtoallthecustoms.I,togetherwithJames, 38    (be)extremelyfondofEnglishbutphysics 39     (seem)ratherdifficultforus.Besides,bothheandI 40      (be)crazyaboutreadingstorybooks,andtheArabianNights 41  (be)oneofthemostinterestingbooksthat 42         (read)byus.Ourclass 43       (unite)asabigfamily.Nowthewholeclass 44       (prepare)forthecomingsportsmeet,solargequantitiesofourrecenttime 45       (spend)onit.Whatweneed 46   (be)aqualifiedcoachbecausebeingtrainedproperly 47     (be)ofgreatimportance.Weeach 48    (be)fullyawarethateachofus 49      (play)animportantroleinourclass.Wehavedecidedtoholdacelebrationifgettingagoodresultbutwhenandwherewearegoingtoholdit 50          (decide)yet.9\n附：参考答案和解析一、分类练习一、就远一致 1.hasgiven。inthelastthreemonths常与现在完成时连用；alongwithhisbandmembers是介词短语，真正主语是Themusician。故答案是hasgiven。2.wasgiven。lastweek常与一般过去时连用；aswellasherbrothers表示“也，而且”，谓语与真正的主语Tom保持一致，单数意义，又是被动语态。故答案是wasgiven。3.isregarded。Nowadays常与一般现在时连用；alongwithjoggingandswimming是介词短语，真正主语是cycling，单数意义，又是被动含义。故答案是isregarded。二、就近一致 4.is。either…or…表示“或者……或者……”，这里距离谓语最近的主语是oneofyourstudents，单数意义。betodo表示按计划将要发生，故答案是is。5.are。notonly…butalso…表示“不但……而且……”，这里距离谓语最近的主语是DavidandIris，复数意义。故答案是are。6.Is。neither…not…表示“既不……也不……”，本句是一般疑问句，因此谓语的一部分移到句首，距离谓语最近主语是he，单数意义。故答案是Is。7.are。Thefollowing….属于倒装句，be动词应与后边的主语单复数保持一致。本句主语是someotherexamples，故答案是are。8.are;is。Therebe…句型属于倒装句，be动词应与后边的主语单复数保持一致。两句主语分别是millionsofwebsites和alotofusefulinformation，故答案是are;is。9.stands。本句是介词短语位于句首构成倒装句，真正的主语是thenewlybuiltteachingbuilding，单数意义。故答案是stands。三、意义一致 10.is；arewatching。该句意为.他们家庭比我们家大，现在她的家人们正在看电视。第一空family指整体，单数；第二空指家庭成员，应用复数。故答案是is；arewatching。11.weremoved。根据语境逻辑应用一般过去时的被动语态；这里强调观众们，强调成员，应用复数形式。故答案是weremoved。12.ismade;are。bemadeupof表示“由……组成”；thecommittee这里强调整体，单数意义。第二空是定语从句，先行词是20members，复数意义，故答案是ismade;are。13.weresearching。was/weredoing…when…是固定句型，表示“正在做某事这时发生另一件意外的事”；police表示警察总称，复数意义。故答案是weresearching。14.hasbeentried。means用作名词，表示“方式；方法”，单复数同形。本句中means前边有限定词every,单数意义，故答案是hasbeentried。15.havebeentried。means用作名词，表示“方式；方法”，单复数同形。本句中means前边有限定词all,复数意义，故答案是havebeentried。16.aretaken。结合语境应用被动语态；atpresent暗示用一般现在时；Theelderly相当于Theelderlypeople，复数意义，故答案是aretaken。17.was。GreatExpectations是英国小说家狄更斯的名著《远大前程》，表示书籍、单位等概念应视为单数；结合语境应用一般过去时，故答案是was。18.haspassed;is。前半句since应与现在完成时连用；时间、距离、金钱类名词作主语，谓语动词常用单数；第二空仍是单数意义，故答案是haspassed;is。四.语法一致 19.was。usedtodo表示“过去常常会”，因此谓语应用一般过去时；同时从句作主语位于应用单数，故答案是was。20.hascaused。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数，结合语境应用现在完成时，故答案是hascaused。21.isn’tdecided/hasn’tbeendecided。动词不定式短语作主语，谓语动词应用单数；结合语境应用被动语态，故答案是isn’tdecided/hasn’tbeendecided。9\n22.is;are。What引导主语从句且其解释作用，谓语动词应与be动词后面名词单复数保持一致，故答案是is;are。23.wereused。分数作主语，谓语动词应与后面中心名词单复数保持一致；这里onethird后面省略了of20notebookcomputers，复数意义；结合语境应用一般过去时，故答案是wereused。24.iscovered;are。分数作主语，谓语动词应与后面中心名词单复数保持一致，本句分数后面中心名词是thecountry，单数意义；becoveredwith是固定词组；themajorityof…短语作主语，也与中心名词一致；这里是thecitizens，应用复数。故答案是iscovered;are。25.are;don’t。population作主语，谓语常用单数；若population被百分数、分数修饰谓语动词应用复数，故答案是are;don’t。26.is。Apoetandartist表示“一位作家兼诗人”作主语，指一个人，谓语用单数，故答案是is。27.is;havebeeneaten。Butterandbread表示“黄油面包”，视为一个整体；第二空则指两件物品，应用复数，sofar常与现在完成时连用，故答案是is;havebeeneaten。28.makes。该句意为.早睡早起让人健康、快乐、明智。早睡早起都做到才算一个习惯，视为整体，故答案是makes。29.has。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果有each,every时，其谓语要用单数形式，故答案是has。30.arebeingwashed。large/hugequantitiesof…作主语，表示“很多……”，不管后接复数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词与quantities一致用复数，结合语境该动作还在进行又是被动语态，故答案是arebeingwashed。31.havebeenpolluted。large/hugequantitiesof…作主语，表示“很多……”，不管后接复数名词还是不可数名词，谓语动词与quantities一致用复数，结合语境该动作对现在造成了影响。同时又是被动语态，故答案是havebeenpolluted。32.keeps。thenumberof…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数，结合语境应用一般现在时，故答案是keeps。33.was;were。thenumberof…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；anumberof表示“若干，许多”，谓语用复数。结合语境应用一般过去时。故答案是was;were。34.wears。theonlyoneof后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数；结合语境应用一般现在时。故答案是wears。35.wasinvited。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each,every或no修饰时，其谓语要用单数形式。结合语境应用一般过去时的被动语态。故答案是wasinvited。36.shows;is。evidence表示“证据”，是不可数名词，谓语用单数；后半句主语是increasinguse,仍是单数。故答案是shows;is。37.are。本句each是同位语，真正主语是we,谓语用复数形式。故答案是are。38.are;is。不定代词all作主语，指人时谓语用复数；指物时谓语用单数。故答案是are;is。39.isbeingbuilt。manyanewhouse表示“许多房屋”，但是遵循“语法一致”，谓语用单数；结合语境应用现在进行时的被动语态。故答案是isbeingbuilt。40.am。在Itis…that…强调句型中被强调部分是主语时，who/that后面谓语应与该主语保持一致。故答案是am。二、综合练习（一）1.arebeingdisplayed。时间状语Currently是关键。“当前，现在，目前”；结合语境应用被动语态。2.suits。定语从句先行词是asolution，遵循语法一致。3.hasremained。since常与现在完成时连用；remain是不及物动词，无被动语态。4.carries。动名词短语decoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowers作主语，谓语用单数。5.are。结合语境应用一般现在时，构成并列句。6.havemade。时间状语overtheyears是关键，常与现在完成时连用。7.wereinvited。结合语境应用一般过去时，又是被动语态。8.hasgrown。since常与现在完成时连用。9\n9.areremoved。结合后面主句判断这里应用一般现在时的被动语态；同时主语是两个不同概念，复数意义。10.is。动名词短语Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow作主语，谓语用单数。（二）11.is。Herebe/Therebe…后面有多个主语时，遵循“就近一致”原则。12.is。morethanone后接单数名词，遵循“就近一致”原则，用单数。13.sells;sell。sellwell是特殊结构，主动形式表示被动意义；第一空主语是Thiskindofcartoons，单数意义；第二空主语是cartoons，复数意义。14.is。Anironandsteelworks表示“一家钢铁工厂”，谓语用单数；withsomesatellitefactories是介词短语。15.is。aswellas连接并列主语，谓语遵循“就远一致”原则，单数意义。16.goes。everySundayafternooninwinter表示经常发生的动作，谓语应用一般现在时。17.hasread。SohaveI是倒装句，暗示前边也用现在完成时；workinghardattheirlessons作定语，真正主语是each。18.possess;is。第一空定语从句先行词是thestudents,谓语动词用复数；第二空主语是number，单数意义。19.is。真正主语是students’innermotivation，单数意义。20.hasbeenbrought。Sofar表示“到现在为止”，常与现在完成时连用；结合语境应用被动语态。（三）21.is改为are。cattle是牛的总称，复数意义。22.come改为comes。oneofmyclosefriends作主语同位语，故谓语动词应用单数。23.wish改为wishes。Notonly…butalso…连接并列主语，谓语应遵循“就近一致”。24.are改为is。Thewriterandtranslator表示“那位作家兼翻译家”是同一个人，单数意义。25.needs改为need。分数短语作主语，谓语应与中心名词单复数一致。26.has改为have。Largequantitiesof后面谓语动词应用复数形式。27.were改为was。aswellas6girlsand8boys应遵循“就远一致”，谓语用单数。28.know改为knows。主语后面是but,except等介词短语，谓语动词应与前边的主语保持一致。29.have改为has。theelderlycouplewasusedto是定语从句，主语是Thecountrylife，单数。30.are改为is。What从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。（四）31.havebeenteaching/havetaught32.comes33.is34.enjoys35.find36.is37.is38.am39.seems40.are41.is42.havebeenread43.isunited44.arepreparing45.havebeenspent46.is47.is48.are49.plays50.hasn’tbeendecided/isn’tdecided附：考点精讲9\n一、就远一致 【要点精讲】主语后面跟有下列介词或介词短语with，alongwith，togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,including,like,but,except，谓语动词在人称与数上应与前边的主语一致。1.NoonebutJohnandhisteachersknowsthetruthoftheexperiment.2.Tomaswellastwoofhisfriendswasinvitedtomyforty-ninthbirthdaypartylastFriday.3.Alice,togetherwithherfriends,waspraisedforhavingwonhonorfortheirschool.二、就近一致 【要点精讲1】并列连词either…or…,neither…nor…,not…but,notonly…butalso…等连接并列主语时，谓语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。4.Iseitherheoryounottellingthetruth?5.Notonlyyoubutalsosheistoblameforthetrafficaccident.6.Neithertheleadernorthefarmersareresponsiblefortheheavylosses.【要点精讲2】Therebe句型及Thefollowing句型语应与最近的主语保持人称和数的一致。7.Thereisapencilandtwodictionariesonthedesk.8.Therearetwodictionariesandapencilonthedesk.9.Thefollowingistheinformationaboutplayswhichwillbeonthesedays.三、意义一致 【要点精讲1】family,class,committee,team,group,crew,audience等集体名词强调整体谓语用单数，强调成员谓语用复数。10.Thefootballteamismadeupof23members.11.Thefootballteamaretakingtheirtrainingcourseontheplayground.12.Allthecrewareonboardexcepttheelectrician.【要点精讲2】某些集体名词如people,police,cattle,oxen谓语动词必须用复数。13.Thepolicearesearchingtheforestfortheeightescapedprisoners.14.Thecattleareroundedupintheeveningseveryday.15.TheChinesepeoplearecharacterizedbymodesty.【要点精讲3】单复数同形的名词(sheep,deer,works,means,species,Chinese,Japanese)等作主语时，谓语动词应根据其意义或限定词决定单、复数。16.Thisspecieshasnearlydiedoutbecauseitshabitatisbeingdestroyed.17.Suchachemicalworksistobeclosedbythelocalgovernmentnextyear.【要点精讲4】the+形容词（或分词）主语表示一类人时，谓语通常用复数。这类词有therich,thepoor,thebrave,theinjured,theliving,thewounded等。18.Thelivingaretryingtheirbesttorescuethosetrappedintheruins.【要点精讲5】名词短语作主语表示时间、距离、金钱、机构、书籍等概念时，谓语动词常用单数。19.Eighthoursofsleepisenoughforachild.20.TheUnitedNationswasfoundedonOctober24,1945.四.语法一致 【要点精讲1】不定式、动名词和从句作主语，谓语动词用单数。21.Whyhewasabsentfromthemeetingyesterdayisbeingquestioned.22.Planningsofaraheadmakesnosense----somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear.【要点精讲2】分数,百分数,some,all,most,therest等修饰名词时,谓语动词与修饰的名词单复数保持一致。23.Mostofhisincomehasbeenspentonbooks.24.Whatisthepopulationofyourcountry?25.Seventypercentofthepopulationinthatcountryarestillinpoverty.【要点精讲3】and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式；但如果并列主语指同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each,every,或no修饰时，其谓语要用单数形式。9\n26.Acartandhorsewasseeninthedirectionofthetown.27.Manyaboyandmanyagirlhasmadethesamemistakeinthemathexam.【要点精讲4】alargequantity/amountof…作主语，谓语动词用单数；largequantities/amountsof…作主语，谓语动词用复数。28.Alargeamountofmoneyisspentonadvertisementseveryyear.29.Largeamountsofspecialfuelareneededtolauncharocketintospace.【要点精讲5】thenumberof…表示“……的数量”，谓语用单数；anumberof表示“若干，许多”，谓语用复数。30.ThenumberofthestudentsinClass7is65.Andanumberofthemarekeenonreading.【要点精讲6】.oneof…后接定语从句，从句谓语用复数；theonlyoneof后接定语从句，从句谓语用单数。31.Johnsonisoneofthefarmerswholiveinthevalley.32.Johnsonistheonlyoneofthefarmerswholivesinthevalley.【要点精讲7】all,both,each,every,either,neither,none等代词作主语，视意思而定。33.EachstudentinClass29hasatleastthreedictionaries.34.Thestudentseachhaveatleastthreedictionaries.35.Allofthemoneywasgiventothepoorvillagerslastmonth.【要点精讲8】在Itis…that…强调句型中也应考虑主谓一致。36.ItwasJimthatwaspraisedbytheheadmasterthismorning.9