初中英语常考改错练习题（共十八类100题，附参考答案和解析）

初中英语常考改错练习班级考号姓名总分一.名词1.Hegavemeaverygoodadviceyesterday.2.Thatgirllovesreadingbook.3.Hewentintoabook’sshopandboughtadictionary.4.MyfamilyiswatchingTV.5.Iboughtsomepotatosandtomatosatthesupermarket.6．Thishasnothingtodowiththeirbelieves.（这和他们的信仰没关系。）二.冠词7.Thebosswantstohireanusefulperson.8．Planeisamachinethatcanfly.9．Heplayedapianoatthepartyyesterday.10．Themachinewasinventedin1920s.11．XiaoHongwenttoschoolbythebuseveryday.三.代词12．Heisoneofthosespeakerswhomakehisideasperfectlyclear.13．Whomdoyouthinkhasleftthelightson？14．ThebosspretendednottoseeJohnandI.15．Thesebooksaremine;thoseinthebagareher.四.数词16．Therearefourteenhundredsstudentsinourschool.17．Theirschoolistwiceaslargerasourschool.18．Today’shomeworkisafive-hundred-wordscomposition.11 19．TwothirdofthestudentsinourschoolarefromAmerica.五.形容词和副词20．Thepatientappearednervouslywhenhetalkedtothedoctor.21．Theartistworkedhardlytofinishhisdrawingsontime.22．Thisshirtismorecheaperthanthatone.23．Heisthemostsuccessfulofthetwobusinessmen.24．Heworkslessharderthanheusedto.25．Thebookisfairlymoreinterestingthanthatone.26．Thisisasaninterestingastoryastheoneinthemagazine.27．TheweatherhereisnicerthanXizang.29．Iwouldrathertakeatrainthanwentbybus.30．Isthereinterestinganythingatthemeeting?31．Ineverhaveseensuchapersonbefore.32．Thebookisworthtoberead.33．Itissurethathewillsucceed.34．Heisregardedasoneofthebestalivewritersatpresent.35．Idon’tknowthathehasfinishedtheworkyet.36．Hesaidnearlynothingatthemeeting.六.介词37．Heusuallygoestoschoolbyhisfather’scar.38．Pleasewaitmeattheschoolgate.39．HehasbeenmarriedwithBettyformorethantwentyyears.40．Ifinishedtheworkontimeunderthehelpofhim.11 七.情态动词41．Hecanbeathomenowbecausethelightinhisroomisstillon.42．Heneedcomeherebeforethemeetingbegins.43．Heusedtogetupveryearlyinthemorning,andnowheisstilldoingso.44．Ineedn’tcomeyesterdaybecausealltheworkhadbeenfinished.45．Youhadn’tbetterstayuptoolatebecauseyouhavetogetupearlytomorrow.八.动词的时态46．Iwilltellheraboutthatwhenshewillcometomorrow.47．Themeetingisabouttobeginintenminutes.48．Theboyopenedhiseyesforamoment,lookingatthecaptainandthendied.49．IhaveboughtthisbikefortenyearsandIamstillusingitnow.50．Ihaven’tlearntanyEnglishbeforeIcamehere.九.动词的语态51．Thetwothieveshavebeendisappeared.52．Thebuildingbuiltnowwillbeourteachingbuilding.53．Heisbeingoperatedbythefamousdoctor.54．Iwonderifthedoctorhasbeensent.55．Thebookwrittenbyhimissoldwell.56．Thishistorybookisworthyreading.十.非谓语动词57．Wearegoingtotalkabouttheproblemdiscussingatthelastmeeting.58．Thegirldressedherselfinredismysister.59．Beingseriouslyill,hisclass-matessenthimtohospital.60．Havingnotseenherformanyyears,wecouldhardlyrecognizeher.11 61．Seeingfromthespace,theearthlookslikeaball.62．Englishiseasytolearnit.63．Iwillgetsomebodyrepairtherecorderforyou.64．Shedecidedtoworkharderinordertonotfallbehindtheothers.65．It’sbettertolaughthancrying.66．It’snousetosendforthedoctor.67．Shepracticestoplaythepianoafterschooleveryday.68．Whentheteachercamein,hestoppedlisteningtotheteacher.十一.名词性从句69．Wearetalkingaboutifthisplanshouldbecarriedout.70．Icannotdecideiftostayornot.71．Mysuggestioniswetryforasecondtime.72．Whatwilltheprofessorsayisnotknownyet.十二.状语从句73．Iwillgounlessheinvitesme.74．Althoughhetried,buthestillcouldn’tkeepupwiththeothers.75．Iwon’tstayuntilhecomesback.十三.定语从句76．Anorphanisachildwho’sparentsaredead.77．ThisistheverythingwhichIlostyesterday.78．ThisisthecarforthatIpaidahighprice.79．Sheisoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam.80．Thisistheplacewherewevisitedlastyear.81．I,whoisyourfriend,canunderstandyou.11 82．Chinaisadevelopingcountry,thatisknowntoall.十四.主谓一致83．Thepoetandwriterareinvitedtogiveaspeechatthemeeting.84．Nooneexceptmyparentsknowit.85．Yourclothesisonthetableoverthere.86.Thenumberofthestudentsinthatschoolareaboutonethousand.87．TheclasswaswatchingTVwhenIenteredtheroom.88．Thepopulationofourcountryareincreasingslowlynow.十五.倒装89．Nosoonerhehadreachedthestationthanthetrainleft.90．Herecomeshe.91．Achildasheis,hecanspeakfivelanguages.十六.虚拟语气92．Shewouldhavecomeifweinvitedher.93．Mysuggestionisthatwewouldsendafewpeopletohelpthem.94．Thesecretarywishesthatshehastimetotypetheletternow.95．It’stimethatwegotobed.96．Iwouldratheryouhaveanothertrytomorrow.十七.therebe句式97．Thereareabagandseveralbooksonthetable.98．Therewereseveralpeoplestoodatthebackoftheroom.十八.修饰语在句中的位置不当99．Wealmosthavewrittentwentycompositionsthisterm.100．Thegirlhasbeautiful,silkyhairwholiveshighinthemountains.11 附：参考答案和解析一.名词1.Hegavemeaverygoodadviceyesterday.句中的a要去掉，因为advice是不可数名词。一些汉语概念为可数的词在英语中却是不可数的，表示数量时在其前加apieceof，类似的词有：news,bread,work,paper,chalk,furniture,information等等。2.Thatgirllovesreadingbook.可数名词单数不能孤零零地放在句子里，或前面加冠词，或将其变为复数。此处最好变为books.3.Hewentintoabook’sshopandboughtadictionary.一般表示有生命的东西的名词的所有格用’s，如mymother’scar,而此处适宜用名词修饰名词，改为abookshop.4.MyfamilyiswatchingTV.一些集合名词如看成一个整体，则用单数的谓语动词，如Myfamilyisahappyone;如强调集合中每个个体的个人行为，则用复数的谓语动词。此处看电视是个体行为，应把is改为are。类似的词有：team,class,audience等。5.Iboughtsomepotatosandtomatosatthesupermarket.中学阶段以“o”结尾的名词中有四个词变复数时要加es，它们是tomato,potato,Negro,hero;其余的都加s变为复数。6．Thishasnothingtodowiththeirbelieves.（这和他们的信仰没关系。）以f,fe结尾的词变为复数时一般去f,fe加ves，如knife—knives,thief—thieves;而roof和belief直接加s变为复数。所以应把believes改为beliefs.二.冠词7.Thebosswantstohireanusefulperson.用a还是an，取决于后面单词的第一个音标，如为元音用an，为辅音用a。useful的第一个音是辅音所以应把an改为a。类似的，我们说aEuropeancountry.8．Planeisamachinethatcanfly.Plane为可数名词单数，不能单独放在句中，应在其前加冠词或把它变为复数，而本句后有amachine,因此只能在其前面加a，变为Aplane。9．Heplayedapianoatthepartyyesterday.把a改为the，因为乐器前用定冠词。10．Themachinewasinventedin1920s.在in后加the，因为表示年代用in加the再加几十的复数，如在八十年代inthe80s。11．XiaoHongwenttoschoolbythebuseveryday.去掉the，因为表示交通方式用by直接加交通工具。三.代词12．Heisoneofthosespeakerswhomakehisideasperfectlyclear.定语从句的先行词是thosespeakers，为复数，因此从句中的指示代词应为复数，应把his改为their。13．Whomdoyouthinkhasleftthelightson？放在疑问句特殊疑问词后的doyouthink/believe/guess/imagine/suppose等都不参与句子成分，把它们去掉后，疑问词在句中做主语用主格，做宾语用宾格。本句中去掉doyouthink后缺的是主语，应把Whom改为Who。14．ThebosspretendednottoseeJohnandI.John和I在句中都做的宾语，应把I改为me。15．Thesebooksaremine;thoseinthebagareher.Her是形容词性物主代词，后面应该加名词books，或把her改为hers。四.数词16．Therearefourteenhundredsstudentsinourschool.Hundred/thousand/million/score/11 dozen等词前有具体数字时后不加s，前面没有具体数字时在其后加s和of，表示大约几百几千的概念。如twohundredstudents（两百个学生），hundredsofstudents（成百上千个学生）。例句中应把hundreds改为hundred。17．Theirschoolistwiceaslargerasourschool.表倍数关系的as---as中间只能用形容词或副词的原级。因此把larger改为large.18．Today’shomeworkisafive-hundred-wordscomposition.几个单词由连字符连接而组成的复合形容词中的名词只能用单数，所以把five-hundred-words改为five-hundred-word.19．TwothirdofthestudentsinourschoolarefromAmerica.英语表达中分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于一时分母后要加s，所以就把third改为thirds.五.形容词和副词20．Thepatientappearednervouslywhenhetalkedtothedoctor.appear在此是个系动词，其后应接形容词作表语。所以把nervously改为nervous.21．Theartistworkedhardlytofinishhisdrawingsontime.此句需要一个副词来修饰，hardly是副词，但意为“几乎不”，hard也可以是副词，表努力，因此把hardly改为hard.22．Thisshirtismorecheaperthanthatone.More只构成比较级，而不能修饰比较级。因此把more去掉。23．Heisthemostsuccessfulofthetwobusinessmen.两者相比较时，比较级前用定冠词，三者或三者以上才用most，因此把most改为more.24．Heworkslessharderthanheusedto.表不如…时用less加上形容词和副词的原级，因此把harder改为hard.25．Thebookisfairlymoreinterestingthanthatone.fairly只能修饰形容词和副词的原级，可以修饰比较级的副词或短语有：much,even,still,far,alot,alittle,abit,any,no,byfar,rather等，因此把fairly改为rather.26．Thisisasaninterestingastoryastheoneinthemagazine.as…as中间的词序是as加上形容词加上a(n)加上名词再加上as，因此应改为asinterestingastoryastheone.27．TheweatherhereisnicerthanXizang.同样的事物才能相比较，weather和Xizang不具有可比性，因此应改为TheweatherhereisnicerthanthatofXizang.29．Iwouldrathertakeatrainthanwentbybus.这个词组为wouldratherdo…thando…，因此把went改为go.30．Isthereinterestinganythingatthemeeting?修饰anything,something,every-thing,nothing的形容词都要放在它们的后面。31．Ineverhaveseensuchapersonbefore.像never之类的副词在句中应放在be动词、助动词之后，实意动词之前。因为应改为Ihaveneverseensuchapersonbefore.32．Thebookisworthtoberead.beworthdoing意为值得被做。因此改为Thebookisworthreading.33．Itissurethathewillsucceed.sure的主语只能为人，而certain的主语可为人和物。因此把sure改为certain.34．Heisregardedasoneofthebestalivewritersatpresent.alive为表语形容词，偶尔也做后置定语。因此把alive改为living，或把alive放在writers后面。35．Idon’tknowthathehasfinishedtheworkyet.yet用于否定和疑问句，already用于肯定句。把yet改为already.36．Hesaidnearlynothingatthemeeting.nearly不与否定词用在同一个句子中，而almost可以。因此把nearly改为almost.11 六.介词37．Heusuallygoestoschoolbyhisfather’scar.by加上名词表示一种交通方式，中间什么都不加，如bycar,bybus,byplane等；如果名词前有其他的词修饰，则应除by以外的其他介词，此处把by改为in.38．Pleasewaitmeattheschoolgate.wait为不及物动词，需加介词for后才能再跟名词或代词做宾语。39．HehasbeenmarriedwithBettyformorethantwentyyears.marry不跟with连用，应把with改为to。40．Ifinishedtheworkontimeunderthehelpofhim.“在…的帮助下”用with而不用under。七.情态动词41．Hecanbeathomenowbecausethelightinhisroomisstillon.表特别有把握的肯定判断时用must，表特别有把握的否定判断时用can,can表判断时只用在否定句中。因此把can改为must。42．Heneedcomeherebeforethemeetingbegins.作情态动词时need用在否定，疑问和条件句中，不能用于肯定句中，而作实意动词时则可以。所以应改为：Heneedstocomeherebeforethemeetingbegins.43．Heusedtogetupveryearlyinthemorning,andnowheisstilldoingso.usedto用来表示过去常常做某事而现在不了，所以应把后半句改为：butnowheisnotdoingso.44．Ineedn’tcomeyesterdaybecausealltheworkhadbeenfinished.由于情态动词本身不体现时态，所以在谈论过去的事情时在情态动词后加havedone，因此在needn’t后加have。45．Youhadn’tbetterstayuptoolatebecauseyouhavetogetupearlytomorrow.hadbetter的否定在better后面加not.八.动词的时态46．Iwilltellheraboutthatwhenshewillcometomorrow.主句为将来时，其时间、条件、方式和让步状语从句中用一般现在时。因此将willcome改为comes。47．Themeetingisabouttobeginintenminutes.beaboutto一般不与具体的时间状语连用。因此把intenminutes去掉。48．Theboyopenedhiseyesforamoment,lookingatthecaptainandthendied.此处look并非伴随状语，而是三个并列的谓语动词，因此把looking改为looked。49．IhaveboughtthisbikefortenyearsandIamstillusingitnow.当句中有for加一段时间作状语时，谓语动词必须为延续性动词，此处把bought改为kept。50．Ihaven’tlearntanyEnglishbeforeIcamehere.我来这儿已经是过去的动作，在此之前发生的事应该用过去完成时。因此应把haven’t改为hadn’t九.动词的语态51．Thetwothieveshavebeendisappeared.disappear为不及物动词，因此不能用于被动语态。所以把been去掉。52．Thebuildingbuiltnowwillbeourteachingbuilding.表“现在正在建的”应用被动语态的正在进行时，因此在built前加being。53．Heisbeingoperatedbythefamousdoctor.主动语态变为被动语态时，应注意短语动词的完整性，别忘了介词或副词。“给…做手术”应为operateonsb，所以在operated后加上on。54．Iwonderifthedoctorhasbeensent.原因同上，应在sent后加上for。55．Thebookwrittenbyhimissoldwell.说一本书畅销是指书本身的属性，因此不用被动语态。本句应改为：Thebookwrittenbyhimsellswell.11 56．Thishistorybookisworthyreading.“值得被做”可以有如下几种说法：beworthdoing;beworthyofbeingdone;beworthytobedone.因此本句应该为：Thishistorybookisworthytoberead.十.非谓语动词57．Wearegoingtotalkabouttheproblemdiscussingatthelastmeeting.此处为分词作定语，问题应该被讨论，所以把discussing改为discussed。58．Thegirldressedherselfinredismysister.dress为及物动词，意为“给…穿衣服”，此处为分词作定语修饰girl,girl应是它的逻辑宾语，因此把herself去掉。59．Beingseriouslyill,hisclass-matessenthimtohospital.分词作状语时，其逻辑主语为这句话的主语，此句应为“因为他病了，他的同学才把他送到医院去”，因此把前半句改为：Hebeingseriouslyill.60．Havingnotseenherformanyyears,wecouldhardlyrecognizeher.现在分词的否定应把not放在现在分词前面，所以前半句应改为：Nothavingseenherformanyyears.61．Seeingfromthespace,theearthlookslikeaball.分词作状语，其逻辑主语应是这句话的主语，此句中地球应该被看，所以把Seeing改为Seen。62．Englishiseasytolearnit.此句中是不定式作状语修饰easy,English应该是learn的逻辑宾语，所以把it去掉。63．Iwillgetsomebodyrepairtherecorderforyou.“让某人做某事”可以有以下几种表达法：makesbdosth;havesbdosth;getsbtosth.因此在repair前加to。64．Shedecidedtoworkharderinordertonotfallbehindtheothers.不定式的否定把not放在to前面。因此应改为：Shedecidedtoworkharderinordernottofallbehindtheothers.65．It’sbettertolaughthancrying.表比较时比较的双方应为同种结构，或都是名词或都是不定式。因此有两种改法：It’sbettertolaughthantocry或It’sbetterlaughingthancrying.66．It’snousetosendforthedoctor.做某事是没用的要说成It’snousedoing,所以把tosend改为sending。67．Shepracticestoplaythepianoafterschooleveryday.practise后只跟动名词作宾语，因此把toplay改为playing。68．Whentheteachercamein,hestoppedlisteningtotheteacher.stopdoing为停止做这件事，而stoptodo为停下来正在做的事去做这件事。所以后半句应该为：hestoppedtolistentotheteacher.十一.名词性从句69．Wearetalkingaboutifthisplanshouldbecarriedout.If和whether都可以引导动词的宾语从句，如果从句做的是介词宾语，只能用whether引导。所以把if改为whether。70．Icannotdecideiftostayornot.只有whether才能和不定式搭配使用。因此把if改为whether。71．Mysuggestioniswetryforasecondtime.表语从句的引导词如为that，一般不省略。因此在we前加上that。72．Whatwilltheprofessorsayisnotknownyet.名词性从句的语序都是陈述句语序。因此应改为：Whattheprofessorwillsayisnotknownyet.十二.状语从句73．Iwillgounlessheinvitesme.此句意为“除非他邀请我，否则我不去。”而unless相当于ifnot,所以本句应改成：Iwon’tgounlessheinvitesme。11 74．Althoughhetried,buthestillcouldn’tkeepupwiththeothers.although和but不能同时用在一句话中，去掉任何一个都可以。75．Iwon’tstayuntilhecomesback.含有not…until的句子的谓语动词应是点动词，含有until的肯定句的动词应是延续性动词，此句有两种改法：Iwillstayuntilhecomesback.或Iwon’tleaveuntilhecomesback.十三.定语从句76．Anorphanisachildwho’sparentsaredead.定语从句中表“…的”引导词只有whose，所以把who’s改为whose。77．ThisistheverythingwhichIlostyesterday.如果先行词为物且前有theonly,thelast,thevery修饰时，定语从句的引导词只能用that。78．ThisisthecarforthatIpaidahighprice.定语从句的先行词为物，而且引导词放在介词后时，只能用which.79．Sheisoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam.定语从句修饰oneof加上复数名词时，复数名词是定语从句的先行词，因此把has改为have。80．Thisistheplacewherewevisitedlastyear.定语从句的先行词用关系代词还是关系副词要看定语从句中缺不缺主语或宾语，如缺用关系代词，如不缺用关系副词。此句中visit为及物动词，后无宾语，因此把where改为which或that。81．I,whoisyourfriend,canunderstandyou.定语从句的谓语动词应与其先行词保持一致，因此把is改为am。82．Chinaisadevelopingcountry,thatisknowntoall.非限定性定语从句的引导词永远不会是that，因此把that改为which或as。十四.主谓一致83．Thepoetandwriterareinvitedtogiveaspeechatthemeeting.poet和writer共用一个冠词，指的是一个人身兼二职，所以谓语动词应为单数。把are改为is.84．Nooneexceptmyparentsknowit.主语后加except再加上若干数量的名词，谓语动词和主语保持一致。所以把know改为knows。类似的用法的词或短语有：but,besides,with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas等等。85．Yourclothesisonthetableoverthere.clothes为复数句词，谓语动词应为复数。把is改为are。86.Thenumberofthestudentsinthatschoolareaboutonethousand.此名的主语为number而不是students。因此把are改为is。87．TheclasswaswatchingTVwhenIenteredtheroom.class作主语时，把它看成一个整体时谓语动词用单数，看成每一个成员的个体行为时谓语动词用复数。一般来说，一些具体行为如看电视、吃饭、洗澡等都属于每一个成员的个体行为。此处把was改为were。88．Thepopulationofourcountryareincreasingslowlynow.population单独作主语谓语动词经常用单数；如果其前有分数或百分数，而且后面又有复数名词时谓语动词用复数。如：OnefifthoftheChinesepopulationareworkers.此处把are改为is。十五.倒装89．Nosoonerhehadreachedthestationthanthetrainleft.nosooner为否定副词，放于句首时句子要部分倒装，因此此句应改为：Nosoonerhadhereachedthestationthanthetrainleft.90．Herecomeshe.here放于句首时，句子主谓要完全倒装，但句子主语为代词时，则主谓不倒装。此句应改为：Herehecomes.91．Achildasheis,hecanspeakfivelanguages.用as引导让步状语从句，可把形容词、副词和不带冠词的名词放于as前。所以前半句改为：Childasheis...十六.虚拟语气11 92．Shewouldhavecomeifweinvitedher.这是与过去事实相反的虚拟假设，从句应该用过去完成时。所以在we后加had.93．Mysuggestionisthatwewouldsendafewpeopletohelpthem.suggestion的表语从句也应用虚拟语气，必须用should加动词原形，should可以省略。此处去掉would或把would改为should。94．Thesecretarywishesthatshehastimetotypetheletternow.wish后的时态应该把真实时态往后推一个时态，所以把has改为had。95．It’stimethatwegotobed.句式为It’stimesbdidsth所以把go改为went。96．Iwouldratheryouhaveanothertrytomorrow.词组为wouldrathersbdidsth.所以把have改为had。十七.therebe句式97．Thereareabagandseveralbooksonthetable.Therebe句式遵循谓语动词就近原则，abag为单数，所以把are改为is。98．Therewereseveralpeoplestoodatthebackoftheroom.Therebe句式的谓语动词为be动词，句中其他的动词应为非谓语动词。所以把stood改为standing.十八.修饰语在句中的位置不当99．Wealmosthavewrittentwentycompositionsthisterm.像almost这样的副词在句中放在助动词、be动词之后，实意动词之前。因此把almost放在have后面。100．Thegirlhasbeautiful,silkyhairwholiveshighinthemountains.定语从句应紧跟先行词，所以改为：Thegirl,wholiveshighinthemountains,hasbeautiful,silkyhair.11