初中英语常见交际用语改错练习（共两组39题，附参考答案和解析）

初中英语常见交际用语改错练习班级考号姓名总分（一）71.—WhatcanIdoforyou?-Yes，pleasehelpme.2.Doyouliketocomewithustonight?3.—Sorry，I'vekeptyouwaiting.—Notatall.（根本没有。）4.—What'sthatman?—HeisMike.5.—Howmucharethey?—Halfakilo，please.6.I'msorry，butisthisthewaytothepark?7.—Haveagoodtimetonight!—Youarethesame.8.—What'stheproblem?—I'vegotaheadache.9.—Now，I'mback.CanIplay?—Perhaps.You'dbetterdoyourhomeworkfirst.10.—Howsoonwillyoubeready?—Twodays.11.—WouldyoumindifIhavesometimeoff?—Idon'tmind.—MondayandTuesdayofnextweek.12.SupposeyournameisTom.Thephoneringsandyoupickitup.Thefirstwordyousaywillprobablybe"Whoareyou?"13.—Doyouthinkit'sgoingtorainovertheweekend?—Idon'thopeso.14.—Isanybodythere?—No，BobandTomhaveaskedforleave.15.—Yourhandwritingisverygood!—No，myhandwritingisverypoor.16.WhenyouhavehaddinnerwithanAmericanfriendandwanttoleave,youmaysay："Excuseme.I'llgofirst."17.—Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?—I'dliketo，andI'mtoobusy.18.—Where'sDeter?—Deterwillcomewithustonightbutheisn'tverysureyet.19.—Hi，haven'tseenyouforages!Youlookfine!—Great.Youlookwelltoo.7\n初中英语常见交际用语改错练习班级考号姓名总分（二）71.—Wouldyouliketohavesomerice?—.A.Yes，IlikeB.Yes，pleaseC.ofcourseD.Yes，Ihave2.—Nicetoseeyou.—A.GoodmorningB.Happytomeetyou，tooC.Nicetoseeyou，tooD.Pleasedtomeetyou，too3.—Wouldyoupleasegivemesomewater?—A.Yes，IwouldB.CertainlyC.No，thanksD.Yes，please4.—Thankyouverymuchforhelpingme.—A.You'rewelcomeB.Itdoesn'tmatterC.NoneedD.Don'tsaythat5.—Hello，Lucy.Howareyou?—.Andyou?A.Fine，thanksB.Yes，IamC.GladtomeetyouD.Goodafternoon6.—Helpyourselftosomemeat.—A.Itsoundsnice.B.Yes，please.C.Yes，Let'shelpeachother.D.Thankyou.7.—Oh，Iamnotfeelingwell.I'vegotacold.—A.Fine，Howareyou?B.Nevermind.TakecareC.Well，I'msuretogetweelsoon.D.I'msorrytohearthat.8.—Meimei，youspeakEnglishverywell.—A.No，Idon'tthinksoB.ThankyouverymuchC.NotgoodenoughD.That'sallright9.—"Kate，couldyouanswerthetelephone，please?"—,Mum.I'llgetit．A.Yes，IcouldB.No，thanksC.OKD.Yes，butIhavenotime10.—CouldyoulookafterPollyformewhilewe'reaway?—A.No，thanks.B.Withpleasure.C.I'mnotafraid.D.I'msureyouwill.11.—Hello!CouldIspeaktotheheadmaster，please?—.7\nA.Holdon，please.B.That'stheheadmaster，please.C.Whoareyou?please.D.Sorry.I'mnottheheadmaster.12.—Happybirthday!—A.Thankyou.B.Thesametoyou.C.Goodluck.D.Congratulations.13.—I'msorryIdon'tknowtheway，either.You'dbetteraskthatpolicemanforhelp.—.A.Goodnight.B.That'snothing.C.Verywell.D.Thankyouallthesame.14.—Ifellandhurtmyleglastweek，soIcan'tdoanything.—A.I'msorryB.Don'tworryC.GoodluckD.Badluck15.——Ihavegotacough.A.What'syourtrouble?B.Whathaveyougot?C.Whydidyoucomehere?D.Haveyougotacough?16.—Wouldyouliketogoshoppingwithme?—.A.Yes，I'dloveto.B.That'sright.C.Yes，please.D.Quitewell．17.—What'stheweatherliketoday!—.A.It'sniceforawalkB.IlikeautumnbestofallC.Itwillbefinetomorrow.D.It'srathercoldtoday18.—IsJanein，please?Iwanttospeaktoher.—Sorry，sheisout.You'dbetter.A.visitherintheofficeB.callherlaterC.seeherthisafternoonD.speaktoheryourself19.——Verywell，thankyou，andyou?A.Howdoyoudo?B.Goodmorning.C.Howareyouthesedays?D.HowdoyoulikeEnglish?20.—Howisyourmother?—A.Sheisold.B.Sheisnobetterthanshewas.C.Sheiskind-hearted.D.Sheisinherforties77\n附：参考答案和解析（一）1.—WhatcanIdoforyou?-Yes，pleasehelpme.［改正］—WhatcanIdoforyou?-I'dliketobuyasweater.［解析］WhatcanIdoforyou?这一问句实际上用于的情景很多，要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为：您想要点什么?在其他场合也可以被译为：我能为您做些什么?它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。2.Doyouliketocomewithustonight?［改正］Wouldyouliketocomewithustonight?［解析］Doyoulike…问的是对方的习惯，如Doyoulikeswimming?Doyoulikecollectingstamps?而wouldyoulike…则是一次性的邀请、提议。3.—Sorry，I'vekeptyouwaiting.—Notatall.（根本没有。）［改正］Sorry，I'vekeptyouwaiting.—Nevermind.（别介意。）4.—What'sthatman?—HeisMike.［改正］—What'sthatman?—Heisateacher.［改正］—Who'sthatman?—HeisMike.(HeisMike'sfather.)［解析］由what提问是问的职业，由who提问问的是姓名或身份。5.—Howmucharethey?—Halfakilo，please.［改正］—Howmanybananasdoyouwant?-Halfakilo，Please.［解析］Howmucharethey?问的是价格而不是实际物品的多少。6.I'msorry，butisthisthewaytothepark?［改正］Excuseme，butisthisthewaytothepark?［解析］I'msorry是对已经做错了的事向对方道歉时的开始语。而Excuseme是在打扰对方之前表达歉意的话。7.—Haveagoodtimetonight!—Youarethesame.［改正］—Haveagoodtimetonight!—Thesametoyou.［解析］Thesametoyou意为我也祝您有个愉快的夜晚，它是美语中的习惯用法。8.—What'stheproblem?—I'vegotaheadache.［改正］—What'swrongwithyou?—I'vegotaheadache.［解析］What'swrongwithyou?是询问对方身体状态如何，而What'stheproblem?是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。9.—Now，I'mback.CanIplay?—Perhaps.You'dbetterdoyourhomeworkfirst.［改正］—Now，I'mback.CanIplay?—I'mafraidnot.You'dbetterdoyourhomeworkfirst.［解析］Perhaps是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论，如：—AmIright?—Perhaps.而I'mafraidnot则表达一种不同意的态度。7\n10.—Howsoonwillyoubeready?—Twodays.［改正］—Howsoonwillyoubeready?-Intwodays.［解析］此题关键是要根据情景，身临其境，要注意的是对方问了什么，就应答什么。或答了什么就应问什么。Howsoon问的是"还有多久才能作完"，这时要用intwodays，即在两天之内即可以作完。如用Howlong提问，则答语可以用twodays。11.—WouldyoumindifIhavesometimeoff?—Idon'tmind.—MondayandTuesdayofnextweek.［改正］—WouldyoumindifIhavesometimeoff?—Whenexactly.—MondayandTuesdayofnextweek.［解析］有的对话是复杂的，稍有不慎就有可能选错，而且英语中如选错了答案是不容易找出错来的。Idon'tmind是可以用来回答Wouldyoumind…这一提问的，但如仔细看一看则会发现我们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。根据下面一句的答语来判定要用whenexactly?什么时间，这样才能与下句中具体的时间相符合。12.SupposeyournameisTom.Thephoneringsandyoupickitup.Thefirstwordyousaywillprobablybe"Whoareyou?"［改正］SupposeyournameisTom.Thephoneringsandyoupickitup.Thefirstwordyousaywillprobablybe"Hello?ThisisTomspeaking?"［解析］在英语学习中，习惯用法实际上在某种情况，或某种意义上讲比语法更为重要。如果只从句子的角度上去分析，它们可能都是对的。比如，当你拿起电话时，如果你想知道对方是谁，可以问"Who'sthat(speaking)?"但不要讲"Whoareyou?"如果你想先介绍一下自己可以讲"Thisis××××speaking"而不要讲"I'm　××××"也不要讲"Mynameis×××××."　就语法而论，"Whoareyou?""I'm××××.""Mynameis×××××."并没有错，也是英语中可用的句子，但就打电话这一场合，就不宜用了。13.—Doyouthinkit'sgoingtorainovertheweekend?—Idon'thopeso.［改正］—Doyouthinkit'sgoingtorainovertheweekend?—Ihopenot.［解析］由于初学者对实际英语口语中表达感情意愿的答语不熟悉，如在肯定答语中Ithinkso/Ihopeso/Ibelieveso是相同的，但在否定句中却常用Idon'tthinkso.但Idon'tbelieveso.和Idon'thopeso.则意为：我不信此事和我不希望此事发生。而Ibelievenot.和Ihopenot.则为：我想可能不会发生吧!14.—Isanybodythere?—No，BobandTomhaveaskedforleave.［改正］—Iseverybodythere?—No，BobandTomhaveaskedforleave.［解析］许多学生在写作和选择答语或问句时总要语法在前，而不是习惯用语在先。所以总是要拘泥疑问句中的不定代词。Isanybodyhere?在英语中意为：这里有人吗?而Iseverybodyhere?为：全都到齐了吗?所以首先要考虑的是其答语。No，BobandTomhaveaskedforleave.15.—Yourhandwritingisverygood!—No，myhandwritingisverypoor.［改正］—Yourhandwritingisverygood!—Thankyou.［解析］中国人遇到别人称赞，总是以谦逊为美德。但英美人则往往认为自信是美德。所以当别人夸奖你或赞美你时，就应说：Thankyou.又比如中国人见面时常讲Whereareyougoing?或Haveyouhadyourbreakfastyet?而英美人则认为你过多的干预别人的私生活了。而他们见面时往往问一些无关紧要的话，如：Hello!Howareyougoing?(你过得怎样)!等。而Goodmorning和Howdoyoudo则被认为是较正规的问候语，在日常生活中则十分少见。16.WhenyouhavehaddinnerwithanAmericanfriendandwanttoleave,youmaysay："Excuseme.I'llgofirst."7\n［改正］WhenyouhavehaddinnerwithanAmericanfriendandwanttoleave,youmaysay："Excuseme.Ihavetogo."［解析］这两句答语都是正确的，其关键不是语法，而是习惯问题。如果在这样的场合你讲I'llgofirst.朋友们会迷惑不解，而Ihavetogo则表示由于外界的特殊原因而造成的你要离去，而你本人则十分不愿做此事。17.—Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?—I'dliketo，andI'mtoobusy.［改正］—Wouldyouliketocometodinnertonight?—I'dliketo，butI'mtoobusy.［解析］I'mtoobusy与I'dliketo在意义上正好相反。所以要用转折连词。这里考查了对词义合乎逻辑的表达能力。所以要强调语言环境，更要强调在语言的基础上的词语辨析。18.—Where'sDeter?—Deterwillcomewithustonightbutheisn'tverysureyet.［改正］—Where'sDeter?—Determaycomewithustonightbutheisn'tverysureyet.［解析］由于but所引出的句子可以看出Deter的来与不来是十分不确定的，所以应用may来表达一个不肯定的事件。19.—Hi，haven'tseenyouforages!Youlookfine!—Great.Youlookwelltoo.［改正］—Hi，haven'tseenyouforages!Youlookfine!—Thanks.Youlookwelltoo.［解析］要注意的是Great在口语中多表示惊叹，而Thanks则表示感谢对方的称赞。所以对情景谈话要有准确的判定，要根据情景，身临其境，上下对照，周密思考，弄清场合，注意英美人的风俗习惯，注重语义上的词语辨析，并要进行大量的语言实践练习，扩大实际交际能力。（二）1.［答案］B.［解析］当对方对你发出邀请的问语时，如果你想接受则讲Yes，please.如不想接受则用No，thanks.2.［答案］C.［解析］虽然A、B、D三个选项都可以作为某种问候语的答语，但英语中问候语的答语多用重复对方的话，以表达同样的心情。3.［答案］B.［解析］当对方发出十分礼貌的请求帮助的问语时，一般的回答是肯定的。而Yes，please为"是的，您请做某事吧"。这一含意显然不对。4.［答案］A.［解析］You'rewelcome译为中文为：不用谢。而Itdoesn'tmatter则为：没关系。5.［答案］A.［解析］在正常交往中一定要避免所问非所答。所以对Howareyou?的答语应为"很好，谢谢!"6.［答案］D.［解析］Helpyourselftosomemeat．你自己拿些肉吃吧。其意为主人劝客人不要客气，像在家里一样。7.［答案］D.［解析］这是美国、英国的习惯用语，而B、C则是中国人常讲的答语。8.7\n［答案］B.9.［答案］C.［解析］要注意could用于口语中是为了讲话的口气委婉，但它不是过去时态，也不是助动词，而应看作情态动词。所以在答语中则不应这样用。10.［答案］B.［解析］Withpleasure是英语中的一句十分客气的答语，用在当对方因你的帮助或你的许诺向你道谢时，表达自己十分乐意为对方效力的口气。11.［答案］A.［解析］holdon，please是指请对方等一等不要将电话放下的用语。如果要讲我就是的话不能用that，而要用this，在电话用语中that指对方，this指自己。12.［答案］A.［解析］thesametoyou是同样祝贺对方的意思，不能用于生日这一祝贺语，除非两人的生日在同一天。13.［答案］D.［解析］当向对方求助时，对方无能为力，这时的感谢语则为Thankyouallthesame意为不管如何还是要谢谢你。14.［答案］D.［解析］如果用A则要用I'msorrytohearthat而不能单用I'msorry因I'msorry是向对方道歉。而badluck为真是不幸啊。15.［答案］A.［解析］What'syourtrouble?多用于问对方有什么问题、麻烦或得了什么病。这种用语还有What'swrongwithyou?16.［答案］A.［解析］表示愿意作某事应讲：I'dloveto/I'dliketo.17.［答案］D.［解析］本题要注意问的是什么，不要所问非所答。因问题是今天的天气怎样，所以只能选D18.［答案］B.［解析］callherlater晚些时候再来电话。19.［答案］C.［解析］本题是由答语来推断问话，所以应熟悉英语的问答习惯：Howdoyoudo?的答语应为Howdoyoudo?20.［答案］B.［解析］Howisyourmother?问的是你妈身体如何，而B选项则是"她不比以前强"。而其他三个选项则是所问非所答。7