2022年高考英语一轮复习：说明文阅读理解 练习题（含答案解析）

2022年高考英语一轮复习：说明文阅读理解练习题（A）Therehasbeenalotofsuchnewslately.Asfarastheproblemswithtoday'sschoolsareconcerned,wecangobacktohowourculturehasevolved.Ingeneral,ourculture,asrepresentedinthemedia,getsexcitedbyfamousstars,andstressesthatit'swhatyouhave,notwhatyouare,thatcounts.Parentsareencouragedtobeawayfromevenverysmallchildrenformostoftheday.Toomanypeoplevoteforpoliticianswhowouldrathercutschoolfundingthanstoptaxcutsforthewealthy.Allcontributegreatlytotheproblemsofeducatingourchildren.Today'steachershavetodealwithaculturethatisvastlydifferentfromthatinthepast.Theyreportthatthereis,amongmorechildrenthanever,alackofmotivation,nodrivetosucceedoreventry.Inthemedia,therolemodelsthatboysseemostlyconsistofmenincomediesandothershows,whoarerudeandoftenextremelychildish;self-centeredoverpaidathletes;meninmovies,televisionorvideogames,whoareviolentandpowerful.AsLeonardSaxwroteinBoysAdrift,“Teenageboysarelookingformodelsofmatureadulthood,butwenolongermakeanycollectiveefforttoprovidesuchmodels.”Girlsareattackednotonlywithsuchannoyingimagesofmales,butalsowithwomenwhoareextremelymaterialistic.Insuchaculturalenvironment,itismoreimportantthanevertohaveresponsibleparentswhoaredevotedtotheirchildrenandseetoitastheirdutytomodelforthemandraisethemwithhighstandardsofhonestyandresponsibility.Theyneedtocareenoughtoseethattheirchildrenarenotattackedwiththerubbishthatcomesfrommovie,televisionandcomputerscreens.Intoday'sculture,theyarebasicallyaloneinthiseffortsince,unfortunately,somuchisworkingagainstthem.Untilwe,asaculture,facethetruthaboutourselves—thatwearenotprovidingadequatelyforagreatmanyofourchildren—thestormwillcontinuetorageoveroureducationsystem.1.Whatdothewords“suchnews”inthebeginningmostprobablyinvolve?A.Culturalevolution.B.Financialriskfromtaxcuts.C.Problemsineducation.D.Socialinfluenceofthemedia.2.Whatdoestoday'sculturebringtothechildren?A.Narrowaccesstoentertainment.B.Poorsocialabilities.C.Fewmaterialisticmodels.D.Toomuchnegativeeffect.3.Whatdoparentshavetodointoday'sculture?A.Findmoremodelsfortheirchildren.B.Keeptheirkidsfromthebadeffectofthemedia.第12页共12页,C.Forbidtheirchildrentousecomputers.D.Encouragetheirchildrentostayatschool.4.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstoday'sculture?A.Indifferent.B.Ambiguous.C.Dissatisfied.D.Approving.（B）ThevillageofHallstattinAustriaisacollectionofappealingoldbuildingsgroupedattheedgeofLakeHallstatt,surroundedbythetoweringDachsteinMountains.Insummer,themountainsaregreenandthevillageislovely.Inwinter,it'slikesomethingoutofasnow-coveredfairytale.Hallstatt'spopularityfirstbeganwhenitbecameaWorldHeritageSitein1997.Itincreasedmorein2006,whenaSouthKoreanTVprogramshotashowinthevillage.Soon,HallstattbegantogetmorevisitorsfromAsia.ButthenumberofvisitorsreallyexplodedafterthereleaseofDisney'smovie“Frozen”in2013.Millionsof“Frozen”moviefansthinkHallstattistheinspirationforthefictionalvillageofArendelle,themainvillageinthemovie.With“Frozen2”released,ithasonlymadeitmorepopular.Thenumberofvisitorswhoarrivehereeachdayishuge—upto10,000visitors.Lastyeararound19,344busloadsoftouristsarrived.Localpeoplethinkit'sacatastrophe.Withthenumberofvisitorsmentionedaboveaday,that'sover12touristsforeverypersoninHallstatt.Onemansaidhismotherwaswokenuponeday,tofindtouristsinherbedroom.Thegovernmentthinksthetownwouldbejustfinewithaboutonethirdfewervisitorseachyear.Startingthisyear,Hallstattwillbeginaprogramtolimitthenumberofbusesbringingvisitorshere.Butvillagersalsoadmitthefactthatbeforethetouristboom,peoplewouldleaveHallstatttofindworkandthatmanypeoplerelyuponthetouristsfortheirjobsnow.Hallstattmaybeeasyontheeye,butit'soppositeonthewallet.Hotelroomscancostbetween$350and$450.Oh,anditcostsoveronedollartousethepublicbathroomhere.Eventoiletscanbegoodbusiness—aslongastheyaren'tfrozen.1.WhatplaysthemostimportantroleinmakingHallstattworld-famous?A.Itslovelyweather.B.Thehitmovie.C.Itsbeautifularchitecture.D.TheSouthKoreanTVprogram.2.HowmanylocalpeoplearethereinHallstatt?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A.About800.B.About7,000.C.About12,000.D.About18,000.3.Howdothevillagersrespondtothetourism?A.Theydependonitcompletely.B.Theyhopeitstaysaway.C.Theyfinditenvironment-friendly.D.Theyareinadilemmaaboutit.4.WhatdoestheauthorreallywanttoindicateaboutHallstattinthelastparagraph?A.Itiseasyfortouriststogetthere.第12页共12页,B.Touristscanmakebusinessthere.C.Bereadytopaybeforegoingthere.D.Itisfreezingcoldsometimesthere.（C）Thisspring,youmaybefortunateenoughtohavegoodweather,asmallpieceofearthandtheenergy,enthusiasmandinspirationtoplantagarden.Thereisnothingbettertoshakeofftheboredomanddullnessofwinterthantodigintheearth,plantsomeseedsandwatchthemgrow.Asmallgardencanproducesomethingextrafreshfordinner,flowersforthetableandafeelingofaccomplishment.Itiswork,butitiseversorewarding.　　Whataboutyourlifegarden?Justasabeautifulgardenisaworkinprogress,soisthegardeninyourmind.Ittakesconsciouseffort,planning,constantnurturing(培育)andweedingtogrowagarden.Whathaveyouplanted?Whathaveyouallowedtotakeroot?Isyourlifetheout-picturingofawelllaidoutgardenorajumbleofplants,treesandweedswhoseseedswereblownyourwayandtookroot?　　Wehaveallheardphraseslike“sowingseedsofdoubt”,or“seedsofdiscontent”.Wecanmakeaconsciouschoicewhethertoallowthemtotakerootinourlivesorcastthemoutofourgarden.Negativeenergyandwords,likeweeds,willspreadquicklyifleftunchecked.Findagood“weedkiller”—abook,aninspirationalstory,apositivestatement—tohelpyougetridofthethoughtsthatruinthebeautyofyourgarden.　　Plantasmanyseedsofjoyandbeautyasyoucaninyourownlifeandinthelivesofthepeoplewithwhomyouliveandworkeveryday.Growagratitudegarden,apeacegardenandadreamgarden.Tendtothemdaily.Ifyougivethemtimeandenergy,youwillhavearichharvestofsuccess,happinessandpeaceofmind.1.Whydoestheauthortellusthebenefitsofgrowingagarden?A.Toaskustolovegardening.B.Toshowhisloveofgardening.C.Toleadreaderstothetopicofthetext.D.Toshowwhatalifegardenislike.2.Inwhatwayisourlifegardensimilartoabeautifulgarden?A.Itisinchangeallthetime.B.Itcanmakeushappyandgratefulinlife.C.Itneedsourconsciouseffortandconstantcare.D.Itisfullofbothpositiveenergyandnegativeenergy.3.Whydoestheauthorcomparenegativeenergyandwordstoweeds?A.Theyareanaturalpartoflife.B.Theyaredifficulttoremove.C.Theyareoftenleftunchecked.第12页共12页,D.Theyneedtoberemovedbeforetheyspread.4.Whichofthefollowingcanberegardedasaweedkiller?A.Readingadullbook.B.Relievingourdiscontent.C.Havingpositiveself-talks.D.Pullingweedsinthegarden.（D）TheLondonInterdisciplinarySchool(LIS),scheduledtoopenin2021withatargetofadmitting100students,willabandontraditionalacademicsubjectsandofferathree-yearbachelorofartsandsciencesdegreedesignedtodealwithreal-worldissues.Thecurriculumisbuiltaroundinterdisciplinaryproblems—knifecrime,childhoodobesity,plasticpollution,amongothers—aswellasquantitativeandqualitativeresearchskills.EmployersliketheMetPoliceandVirginwillprovideprojectideasandofferfive-weekworkexperienceforstudents.“We'regoingtotryandcreateareallytransformationaleducationalexperiencewhereallthepeopleintheinstitutionarewakingupeverymorningandsaying,‘Howcanwetakethesebrilliantyoungpeopleandgivethemanamazinglearningexperience?'”saysEdFidoe,aco-founderoftheLIS.TheideaissimilartoaU.S.liberalarts(人文科学)degreebutalsomorespecificallyfocusedonmultiplesubjects—economics,psychology,sociology,statistics,etc.—tosolvecomplexproblemslikechildhoodobesity.Inotherwords,theproblem,notthesubject,sitsatthecenterofthecurriculum.Theskillsstudentsdevelop,thefoundershope,willmorecloselycomeintoagreementwithwhatanAl-infused,automatedworlddemands:collaboration(协作)betweenpeopleandmachines,criticalthinking,speakingandwritingskills,anddatamanagement,tonamejustafewthings.　　Thechallengesofbuildinganewuniversityfromscratcharedaunting(令人生畏的):studentshavetosignupfor,andpayfor,somethinguntested;alltheteacherswillhavetoteachinatotallynewanddifferentway;andthere'sariskthataninterdisciplinarycurriculumwillbeinterestingbutthin.Fidoesaysit'satallorder.“Areany17-year-oldsgoingtobecrazyenoughtocometosomethingthatdoesn'texistyetagainstsomethingthat'sbeenaroundfor150years?”hesays. 　　IntheU.K.,studentsapplythroughanadmissionsservicecenter,andexamresultsaremoreimportantthananythingelse.Onthecontrary,attheLIS,studentswillinsteadapplydirectlyduringapre-determined“selectionday”whereeveryoneisinvitedtoparticipate.Thisdaywillincludeaface-to-faceinterviewsothatthecollegecanbetterunderstandastudent'sbackground,motivationsandpassions.1.WhatistheaimoftheLIS?A.Toprovidemoreandmoreprojectideasforstudents.第12页共12页,B.Totakeareal-worldapproachtohighereducation.C.Tohelpemployerstodevelopthestudents'skills.D.Toconductqualitativeandquantitativeresearch.2.What'sspecialaboutthecurriculumtheLISsetsup?A.Itissubject-centered.B.ItisbasedonAItechnology.C.Itcentersaroundsocialconcerns.D.Itcoverseveryaspectofsociety.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“it'satallorder”inPara.3mean?A.It'sinterestingtoteachinanewapproach.B.It'sboundtoputthecurriculuminorder.C.It'sexcitingtotakeonnewchallenges.D.It'shardtobuildthenewuniversity.4.WhatcanwelearnabouttheLISfromthelastparagraph?A.Itpaysmoreattentiontoexamresults.B.Itfocusesmoreontheface-to-faceinterview.C.Itemphasizesstudents'personalexperiencesandqualities.D.Itstressestheimportanceofitspre-determined“selectionday”.（E）Tellingsomeonetheyarenothiredisneveraneasyjob,butallhiringmanagerswillfacethisdifficultsituationmanytimesintheircareers.Whileeveryonefearsdenialonsomelevel,itisimportanttounderstandthatnoteveryonewillfitineveryjob.Further,therearetimeswhentheapplicantqualitywillbesogreat,adecisiontorejectanapplicantmaynotreflectonthatapplicant'sabilitiesbuttheoverallqualityofthefield.Thereareanumberofmethodsthatcanbeusedtogetthemessageacrossthatapersonisnothired.Inmanycases,especiallyforthosewhowerenevercalledforaninterview,asimpleformlettermaybesufficient.Inothercases,wheresomeonemayhavebeencalledforaninterview,aphonecallorlettercouldbechosentodeliverthemessagethattheywerenothired.Incasewheretheremaybeanongoingrelationshipwiththepersonnothired,itmaybebesttobreakthenewsinperson,thoughthishastheobviouspotentialofbeingmoreuncomfortable.Aboveall,itisbesttoalwaysbehonestwiththosewhodidn'tgetthejob.Lyingisneveracceptable.Generally,itisnotagoodideatotellsomeonespecificreasonswhytheyarenothiredforajob.Thiscanonlyleadtoresentment(怨恨)andregret.However,theremaybespecifictimeswhenthiscouldbeagoodidea.Forexample,ifanapplicantispromisingandthehiringmanagerbelievesanotherpositionthatsuitstheapplicant'sskillswillbeopeningup,thiscouldbeawaytoletthatpersonknowhemaysoonhaveanotheropportunity.Inallcases,evenifyoufeelsomeonehascheatedtoobtainaninterview,neverbehaveina第12页共12页,waywhichshowsyouaresuperiortothem.Thisisunprofessionalandreflectsverypoorlynotonlyonthehiringmanager,buttheorganizationasawhole.1.WhyaresomeapplicantsrefusedaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Theyareinterestedinotherfields.B.Theydon'tqualifyfortheposition.C.Theyareafraidofmakingdecisions.D.Theylackthecouragetofacefailures.2.Howmayanot-interviewedapplicantbeinformedoftherejection?A.Byreceivingaformalphonecall.B.Bygettingasimpleformletter.C.Bycheckingamessageonline.D.Byattendingapersonalmeeting.3.Inwhatcasewillapplicantsbetoldexactlywhytheyarenothired?A.Theyregretapplyingforthejob.B.Theydemandspecificexplanations.C.Theymaybecapableofanotherpost.D.Theyhavesubmittedfalseinformation.4.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthepositionofhiringmanagers?A.Itcallsforprofessionalskills.B.Itattractstheapplicantsmost.C.Itdoesn'tallowofanymistake.D.Itrequireshonestyandambition.（F）Theysaythatpicturesareworthathousandwords,butthebriefestlookatbooksandthemoviesbasedonthemwouldhaveanyonequestioningthiscommonsaying.Alltoooften,greatwordsendupbeingturnedintocinematic“turkeys”.Goodmoviesneedgoodstories.Ifso,whyhasoneoftheearliestandgreatestworksinWesternstorytelling,Homer'sTheOdyssey,neverhadanequallygreatmoviebasedonit?Moviesneedstrongcharacters.SowhyhavethemoviesbasedonTheGreatGatsbyneverbeenpraisedas“great”?Moviesofcourseneedimpressiveimages,sowhyhasAliceinWonderlandonlyresultedinmoviesbestdescribedas“interesting”?Oneofthekeyreasonsbehindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,amovietypicallylastsundertwohours.Thismeansthatgreatbookscanloseplotdetailsandcharacterswhentheymovetothebigscreen.ThisissomethingthateventhehighlysuccessfulHarryPottermoviescan'tescapefrom,withfansofthebooksdisappointednottoseesomeoftheirfavoritecharactersinthemovieversions.Moviesalsodisappointuswhenthingsdon'tlookthewayweimaginedtheminthebooks.第12页共12页,Take,forexample,theepicmovieTroy,whichisinpartbasedonHomer'sTheIliadandwasmetwithmixedreviewsfromtheaudiences.ThemostquestionableissuewastheactresschosentoplaythepartofHelen.Manypeoplethoughtshedidn'tliveuptoHelen'stitleof“themostbeautifulwomanintheworld”,influencingopinionsofthemovietosomeextent.ThereareathousandHamletsinathousandpeople'seyes.Furthermore,booksandmoviesaretwodifferentformsofmediaandthereforehavedifferentrules.Withthisinmind,perhapsweshouldjudgeamovieinitsownright,andnotagainstitsoriginalsource.Interestingly,audienceshaveinrecentyearsturnedtotelevisionseriessuchasSherlockorMadMen,whichcanhavemanycharactersandgradualplotdevelopment.Perhaps,oneday,readersofF.ScottFitzgerald'smostadmiredworkwillfindthemselvesgluedtotheirscreensbyepisodesofTheGreatGatsby. 1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthemovieadaptationistrue?　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　A.ThecharactersinTheOdysseydonotstandout.B.ThemovieTroydoesn'tlookthewaywevisualizedwhilereadingthebook.C.ThevisualimagesarenotasstrikingasthedescriptionsinthebookTheGreatGatsby.D.SomepartsofthestoryandcharactersaremissinginthemovieAliceinWonderland.2.Oneofthereasonswhyadaptationsdisappointtheaudienceisthat　　　. A.theylackgoodstorytellingB.theimagesarenotimpressiveenoughC.thecharactersinthemoviesarenotstrongandinterestingD.thereisnotenoughtimeformoviestofullypresentthewholestory3.Theunderlinedpart“originalsource”inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto　　　. A.audienceB.bookC.charactersD.images4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Goodbooksmaynotbeadaptedforgreatmovies.B.Readingbooksisbetterthanwatchingmovies.C.Peoplearedissatisfiedwiththecurrentmovies.D.Peopleareexpressingtheirpreferencetoreadingbooks.（G）“Ifyoudon'tbehave,I'llcallthepolice.”isaliethatparentsgenerallyusetogettheiryoungchildrentobehave.Parents'liesworkintheshortterm,butanewstudyledbyNTUSingaporesuggeststhatthey'reassociatedwithharmfuleffectswhenthechildbecomesanadult.Theresearchteamasked379Singaporeanyoungadultswhethertheirparentsliedtothemwhentheywerechildren,howmuchtheylietotheirparentsnow,andhowwelltheyadjusttoadulthoodchallenges.Adultswhoreportedbeingliedtomoreaschildrenweremorelikelytoreportdeceivingtheirparentsintheiradulthood.Theyalsosaidtheyfacedgreaterdifficultyinmeetingpsychologicalandsocialchallenges.LeadauthorAssistantProfessorSetohPeipeifromNTUSingapore'sSchoolofSocial第12页共12页,Sciencessaid,“Parentingbylyingcanseemtosavetimeespeciallywhentherealreasonsbehindwhyparentswantchildrentodosomethingarecomplicatedtoexplain.Whenparentstellchildrenthat‘honestyisthebestpolicy’,butdisplaydishonestybylying,suchbehaviourcansendconflictingmessagestotheirchildren.Parents'dishonestymayeventuallybreaktrustandpromotedishonestyinchildren.Ourresearchsuggeststhatparentingbylyingisapracticethathasbadconsequencesforchildrenwhentheygrowup.Parentsshouldbeawareofthisandconsideralternativestolying,suchasacknowledgingchildren'sfeelings,givinginformationsochildrenknowwhattoexpect,andofferingchoicesandproblem-solvingtogether,tohelpchildrendevelopgoodbehaviour.”Theanalysisfoundthatparentingbylyingcouldplacechildrenatagreaterriskofdevelopingproblemsthatthesocietydisapproves,suchasaggressionandrule-breakingbehaviour.Somelimitationsofthestudyincluderelyingonwhatyoungadultsreportabouttheirpastexperiencesofparents'lying.“Futureresearchcanexploreusingmoreinformationproviders,suchasparents,toreportonthesametopic,”suggestedAssistantProfessorSetoh.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　1.Whyisaparentalliementionedinthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopicfordiscussion.B.Totellapopularwaytoeducatechildren.C.Toprovethegreatinfluenceofthepolice.D.Toshowtheharmfuleffectsofparentallies.2.Theunderlinedword“deceiving”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto　　　. A.worryingB.abusingC.disappointingD.cheating3.Accordingtotheresearch,whichofthefollowingcanparentsdo?A.Givechildrenchancestochoose.B.Forcegoodbehaviouronchildren.C.Letchildrensolveproblemsalone.D.Stopchildrenknowingwhattoexpect.4.Whatdoesthelastparagraphimplyaboutthestudy?A.Itisquitecontroversial.B.Itisrathermeaningless.C.Itneedstobeperfected.D.Itdemandshonestresponses.第12页共12页,参考答案(A)1.C　根据第一段中Asfarastheproblemswithtoday'sschoolsareconcerned,wecangobacktohowourculturehasevolved.可知,就当今学校的问题而言,我们可以追溯到我们的文化是如何演变的。由此可推知,“suchnews”指的是学校里的问题,即“这样的新闻”一开始最可能涉及的是教育问题。故选C项。2.D　根据第三段中Theyreportthatthereis,amongmorechildrenthanever,alackofmotivation,nodrivetosucceedoreventry.可知,他们报告说,比以往任何时候都多,孩子们缺乏动力,没有成功的动力,甚至没有尝试的动力。由此可知,今天的文化给孩子们带来了太多的负面影响。故选D项。3.B　根据倒数第二段中Theyneedtocareenoughtoseethattheirchildrenarenotattackedwiththerubbishthatcomesfrommovie,televisionandcomputerscreens.可知,他们需要足够的关心,以确保他们的孩子不会受到来自电影、电视和电脑屏幕的垃圾的攻击。由此可知,在今天的文化中,父母必须让他们的孩子远离媒体的不良影响。故选B项。4.C　根据最后一段Untilwe,asaculture,facethetruthaboutourselves—thatwearenotprovidingadequatelyforagreatmanyofourchildren—thestormwillcontinuetorageoveroureducationsystem.可知,直到我们,作为一个文化,面对我们自己的真相——我们没有为我们的许多孩子提供足够的东西——这场风暴将继续肆虐我们的教育系统。由此可推知,作者对当今文化的态度是不满意的。故选C项。(B)1.B　根据第一段中的ButthenumberofvisitorsreallyexplodedafterthereleaseofDisney'smovie“Frozen”in2013.可知,将这个小村庄真正推向世界的是热门电影《冰雪奇缘》。2.A　该题需要结合第一段和第二段信息,计算得出答案。根据第一段中的Thenumberofvisitorswhoarrivehereeachdayishuge—upto10,000visitors.可知,每天有多达1万名游客到小村庄;根据第二段中的Withthenumberofvisitorsmentionedaboveaday,that'sover12touristsforeverypersoninHallstatt.可知,每天这个小镇每一个人要接待多于12名游客,由此推知这个村庄的居民大概有800人。3.D　第二段谈到:大量游客的到来给村民生活带来极大骚扰,从今年开始,Hallstall将启动一项计划,限制运送游客的巴士数量。但是村民们也承认,在旅游热潮之前,人们会离开Hallstatt去找工作,现在很多人的工作都依赖游客。由此推知,村民对此感到进退两难。4.C　最后一段作者谈到:Hallstatt的风景对游客来说可以大饱眼福,但对钱包来说却恰恰相反;酒店房间的价格在350美元到450美元之间,使用公共浴室要花一美元以上。显然作者意在说明去这里旅游是要花大价钱的。(C)1.C　文章主要讨论的不是真实的花园,而是生命的花园。根据第二段第一句Whatabout第12页共12页,yourlifegarden?可推知,作者在第一段介绍经营一个花园的好处是为了引出文章主要的讨论对象——生命的花园。故选C项。2.C　根据文章第二段第二、三句话Justasabeautifulgardenisaworkinprogress,soisthegardeninyourmind.Ittakesconsciouseffort,planning,constantnurturing(培育)andweedingtogrowagarden.可知,只有“我们”有意识的努力和持续的照顾,才能让“我们”生命的花园与美丽的花园相似。故选C项。3.D　根据文章第三段第三、四句话可知:只有将花园中的杂草去除,才能使花园更加美丽。而负能量和不好的话语就像美丽花园中的杂草,只有使用“除草剂”将其去除才能使我们的人生更美丽,不能任由它破坏我们的人生。因此,作者将负能量和不好的话语比作杂草是为了告诉读者,它们需要在传播之前被移除。故选D项。4.C　根据文章第三段最后一句Findagood“weedkiller”—abook,aninspirationalstory,apositivestatement—tohelpyougetridofthethoughtsthatruinthebeautyofyourgarden.可知,一本书、一个鼓舞人心的故事、一个积极的言论,这些“正能量”的事物都是人生中的“除草剂”。故选C项。(D)1.B　根据题干关键词aim可定位至文章第一段第一句,伦敦跨学科学院(LIS)计划于2021年开学,目标招收100名学生,该学院将放弃传统的学术科目,提供3年的人文科学和自然科学学士学位,旨在处理现实生活的问题。故选B项。2.C　根据文章第二段第二、三句可知,这一想法类似于美国的人文科学学位,但也更侧重于多个学科——经济学、心理学、社会学、统计学等——以解决像儿童肥胖这样的复杂问题。换句话说,问题,而不是学科,是课程的中心。C项意为“它以社会关注为中心”。故选C项。3.D　根据文章第三段最后一句可知,“任何一个17岁的孩子会疯狂到去一个还不存在的地方,而不是已经存在了150年的地方吗?”这句话和画线处是在说该大学课程的难以实现和实施。D项意为“建造这所新大学很困难”,符合文意。故选D项。4.C　根据文章最后一段大意,在英国,学生通过招生服务中心申请,考试成绩比其他任何事情都重要。相反,在LIS,学生将在预先确定的“选拔日”直接申请,每个人都被邀请参加。这一天将包括面对面的面试,这样学校可以更好地了解学生的背景、动机和激情。因此C项“它强调学生的个人经验和素质”符合该段含义。故选C项。(E)1.B　根据文章第一段第二句“Whileeveryonefearsdenialonsomelevel,itisimportanttounderstandthatnoteveryonewillfitineveryjob.(虽然每个人都在某种程度上害怕被否定,但重要的是要明白,不是每个人都能胜任每一份工作。)”可知,有些申请者会被拒绝是因为他们不适合这个职位。故选B项。2.B　根据文章第二段第二句“Inmanycases,especiallyforthosewhowerenevercalledfor第12页共12页,aninterview,asimpleformlettermaybesufficient.(在很多情况下,特别是对那些从未被要求面试的人来说,一封简单的套用信函就足够了。)”可知,通知以前从未接受面试的申请人,可以通过一封简单的套用信函。故选B项。3.C　根据文章第三段第四句“Forexample,ifanapplicantispromisingandthehiringmanagerbelievesanotherpositionthatsuitstheapplicant'sskillswillbeopeningup,thiscouldbeawaytoletthatpersonknowhemaysoonhaveanotheropportunity.(例如,如果一个应聘者很有前途,而招聘经理认为会有一个适合他技能的职位出现,这可以让那个人知道他很快就会有另一个机会。)”可知,当应聘者也许能胜任另一个职位时,申请人可以被告知为什么他们没有被录用。故选C项。4.A　根据文章最后一段“Inallcases,evenifyoufeelsomeonehascheatedtoobtainaninterview,neverbehaveinawaywhichshowsyouaresuperiortothem.Thisisunprofessionalandreflectsverypoorlynotonlyonthehiringmanager,buttheorganizationasawhole.(在任何情况下,即使你觉得有人通过欺骗的手段通过了面试,永远不要表现得比他们优越。这样做很不专业,不仅会给招聘经理,也会给整个组织带来不好的影响。)”可推断出,招聘经理的职位需要专业技能。故选A项。(F)1.B　根据倒数第二段中Moviesalsodisappointuswhenthings...wasmetwithmixedreviewsfromtheaudiences.电影也会让我们失望,因为事情并不像我们在书中想象的那样。以史诗电影《特洛伊》为例,这部电影中的部分基于荷马的《伊利亚特》,观众对它的评价褒贬不一。可知电影《特洛伊》和我们读原著时想象的不一样。故选B项。2.D　根据第三段中Oneofthekeyreasonsbehindthisisthatwhileabookusuallytakesafewdaystoread,amovietypicallylastsundertwohours.这背后的一个关键原因是,一本书通常需要几天时间才能读完,而一部电影通常持续不到两个小时。可知改编电影让观众失望的一个原因是没有足够的时间让电影完整地呈现整个故事。故选D项。3.B　根据最后一段中Furthermore,booksandmoviesaretwodifferentforms...andnotagainstitsoriginalsource.此外,书籍和电影是两种不同的媒体形式,因此有不同的规则。考虑到这一点,也许我们应该根据一部电影本身来评判它,而不是根据它的原始来源(即书籍)来评判它。可知此处是说电影不同于书籍的评判标准,因此画线词originalsource意为“书籍、书本”。故选B项。 4.A　根据第一段中Alltoooften,greatwordsendupbeingturnedintocinematic“turkeys”.很多时候,伟大的词汇最终变成了电影里的“火鸡”。第二段中Ifso,...basedonTheGreatGatsbyneverbeenpraisedas第12页共12页,“great”?如果是这样的话,为什么最早也是最伟大的西方叙事作品之一荷马的《奥德赛》却没有一部同样伟大的电影以它为基础呢?电影需要强有力的角色。那么,为什么以《了不起的盖茨比》为基础的电影从来没有被称赞为“了不起”呢?以及通过下文的描述,可知本文主要是讲述了好的书籍可能搬上荧屏时不会是一部好的电影,并分析了其背后的一些原因,因此本文选项A:“好书可能不会被改编成伟大的电影。”符合题意。故选A项。(G)1.A　作者在第一段引用了父母在育儿时普遍会用到的一个谎言,后面围绕父母“撒谎式”教育孩子这个话题展开了讨论和讲述。由此可知,这个父母的谎言就是为了引入本文的话题。故选A项。2.D　根据第二段第一句:研究小组询问了379名新加坡年轻人:他们小时候父母是否欺骗过他们,他们现在对父母撒了多少谎,以及他们如何应对成年之后的挑战。由此推断出此处应该是:那些孩童时期被欺骗得更多的成年人更有可能在成年后欺骗(cheat)父母。故选D项。3.A　根据第三段最后一句话:父母应该意识到这一点,并考虑替代说谎的方法,比如承认孩子的感受,提供信息让孩子知道会发生什么,提供选择和一起解决问题,以帮助孩子养成良好的行为。由此可知,父母应该考虑给孩子们提供选择。故选A项。4.C　根据最后一段第二、三句话:这项研究的一些局限性包括依赖于年轻人对他们关于父母撒谎的过去的经历的报告。助理教授Setoh说:“未来的研究可以利用更多的信息提供者,比如父母,来报道同样的话题。”由此推断出该项研究还有缺陷,有待于进一步去完善。故选C项。第12页共12页