初中英语人教新目标九年级全册Unit 3知识点整理

九年级英语Unit3知识点【Usefulexpressions】1.apairof一对，一双，一副2.gettothebookstore到书店3.onone’sright/left在某人的右边/左边4.besidethebank在银行旁边5.turnright/left右拐/左拐6.betweenAandB在A和B之间7.gopastthebookstore经过书店8.beexcitedtodosth.对做某事感到兴奋9.trytherides尝试乘骑项目10.startwith...以……开始11.needtodosth.需要做某事12.comeon快点儿13.holdone’shand抓住某人的手14.atfirst首先；最初15.gethungry饿了16.servedeliciousfood提供美味的食物17.onone’swayto...在某人去……的路上18.passby路过；经过19.arockband一个摇滚乐队20.walkuptosb.向某人走去21.comealittleearlier早点儿来22.pardonme抱歉，对不起；什么，请再说一遍23.mailaletter寄信24.goeast朝东走25.visitaforeigncountry去国外游览26.askforhelppolitely礼貌地请求帮助27.soundlesspolite/impolite听起来不怎么礼貌/不礼貌28.adirectquestion一个直接的问题29.indifferentsituations在不同的情况下30.dependon取决于31.speaktosb.和某人说话32.schooltrip学校旅行33.suchas诸如34.e-mailaddress电子邮箱地址35.leadintoarequest导入请求36.spendtime(in)doingsth.花费时间做某事37.troublesb.麻烦某人38.communicatebetterwithotherpeople更好地与他人交流39.anundergroundparkinglot一个地下停车场40.passthesalt递一下盐41.changesomemoney兑换一些钱42.goonashortstudyvacation去游学43.anEnglish-speakingcountry一个讲英语的国家44.inarush急忙地45.ontime按时6,46.getsomeinformationabout获取有关…的一些信息47.agoodplacetoeat一个吃饭的好地方48.lookforwardto盼望期待49.requestsb.(not)todosth.请求/要求某人（不要）做某事50.seemtodosth.似乎做某事【Targetsentences】Excuseme,couldyoupleasetellmehowtogettothebookstore?Sure,justgoalongMainStreetuntilyoupassCenterStreet.Thebookstoreisonyourright,nexttothebank.Excuseme,doyouknowwhereIcanbuysomemedicine?4.Canyoutellmewhenthebandstartsplayingthisevening?5.Iwonderwhereweshouldgonext.6.Thesearesimilarrequestsfordirections.7.Botharecorrect,butthefirstonesoundslesspolite.8.Thatisbecauseitisaverydirectquestion.9.Sometimesweevenneedtospendtimeleadingintoarequest.10.Goodspeakerschangethewaytheyspeakindifferentsituations.【Languagepoints】1.Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?(1)问路的常用句型Couldyoupleasetellmewhere…?和Couldyoupleasetellmehowtoget…意为“请问你能告诉我……在哪里吗/怎样去……吗？”，是问路的常用句型，句中的could可以换成can，前者比后者更委婉。Excuseme,could/canyoutellmehowtogettothehospital?(2)restroom/ˈrestru:m/n.（美）洗手间；公共厕所restroom由“rest（n.休息）+room（n.房间）构成，是复合词，其同义词有washroom和toilet。Doyouknowwheretherestroomis?2.Pardon?pardon/pa:(r)dn/v.原谅；interj.请再说一遍(1）pardon在此处作感叹词，常用于表示没有听清楚或不理解对方所说的内容，请求对方再重复一遍，语气比较委婉，读时用升调；也可用于表示歉意。“Pardon?”相当于“Ibegyourpardon?”或“Pardonme?”。Pardon?Ididn’tcatchwhatyousaid.（2）pardon还可作及物动词，意为“原谅”。pardonsb.for(doing)sth.原谅某人(做)某事。Pardonmyignorance,butwhatdoesOPECstandfor?3.Right,wenormallysay“toilets”or“washrooms”.normally/ˈnɔːməli/adv.通常；正常情况下（1）normally作副词，由“normal（adj.正常的）+-ly（后缀）“构成。Itnormallytakes10minutestogetthere.Normally,everyhouryouride,youneedtopayoneyuan.（2）normal作形容词，意为“正常的”，可作定语或表语。He’sbeenusedtonormalworkinghoursfromninetofive.4.Youdon’tneedtorush!rush/rʌʃ/v.&n.仓促；急促（1）rush在此处作动词，意为“仓促；急促”。rushtodosth.“赶忙做某事“。Herushedoutoftheroomwhenthebellrang.6,Herushedtohelphisfriend.（2）rush还可作名词，意为“仓促；匆忙”。inarush“仓促，匆忙”。Whenyou’reinarush,it'seasiertomakemistakes.Don’tworry,there’snorush.5.IsuggestWaterCityRestaurantinWaterWorld.suggest/səˈdʒest/v.建议；提议I’dliketosuggestanotherplan.Myfathersuggestedwalkingtothesupermarket.Shesuggestedourleavingrightaway.Ourteachersuggestedthatwe(should)gobytrain.suggest的名词形式是suggestion，为可数名词，意为“建议”，其同义词advice为不可数名词。I’dliketoofferasuggestion.6.Iwasscaredatfirst,butshoutingdidhelp.助动词did在句中起强调或加强语气的作用，常意为“的确，一定，务必”。did后接动词原形。Hedidneedyourhelp.他的确需要你的帮助。Shedoesspeakwell.她的确说得好。注意：do随主语的人称、数和句子时态的变化而变化，有does,do,did形式；句子时态体现在do的变化上。7.…AliceandHeWeipassbyUncleBob’s.passby意为“路过；经过”，指经过人或物的旁边而不停顿，侧重不加注意的意味，相当于gopast。Onmywayhome,Ipassedbyabiglake.=Onmywayhome,Iwentpastabiglake.拓展：passby可指时间“流逝；过去”。Timepassedby,butmyfavoritesingerYangYuyingisstillyoungandbeautiful.8.AliceandHeWeiwalkuptoastaffpersonatthedoor.staff/stɑːf/n.管理人员；职工staff属集体名词。它既可看作单数，又可看作复数。当其强调整体时，谓语动词用单数形式；当其强调个体时，谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词还有：police(警察)，army(军队)，class(班级)，family(家庭)，team(小组)等。Theschool’sstaffis/areexcellent.Wehave20part-timemembersofstaff.9.convenientconvenient/kənˈviːniənt/adj.便利的；方便的convenient作形容词，主语通常为物，其反义词为inconvenient，意为“不方便的；不便利的”。Itisconvenient(forsb.)todosth.意为“（对某人来说）做某事很方便”。Carsmakeourlivesmoreconvenient.ItisconvenienttodoshoppingonlineusingAlipayandWeChat.[拓展]conveniencen.方便[U]；便利的事物或设施[C]。Wehaveprovidedseatsfortheconvenienceofourcustomers.Thehousehasallthemodernconveniences.10.inexpensive,uncrowded形容词前缀：6,前缀以否定前缀（negativerpefixes）un-,in-,im-,il-,ir-,dis-,mis-等为主，使延伸出来的派生词变成反义词。形容词派生词：crowded→uncrowded；patient→impatient；regular→irregular；legal→illegal；polite→impolite；orderly→disorderly；common→uncommon.expensive→inexpensive11.Thesearesimilarrequestsfordirections.request/rɪˈkwest/n.&v.要求；请求（1）request在此作名词，意为“要求；请求”。多指比较正式的请求，其后常接介词for，引出请求的具体内容。Theyhavemadeanurgentrequestforinternationalaid.（2）request还可作动词，意为“要求；请求”。常见用法有：requestsb.(not)todosth.请求/要求某人（不要）做某事Thewaiterrequestedmenottosmokeintherestaurant.request+that从句要求......此时that从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。Sherequestedthatnoone(should)belateforthemeeting.（3）direction/dəˈrekʃn/n.方向；方位；作名词，常与介词in连用。inthedirectionof意为“向着……的方向”。Scaredbytheloudnoise,therabbitsranoffinalldirections.HedroveinthedirectionofLondon.12.Botharecorrect,butthefirstonesoundslesspolite.(1)correct/kəˈrekt/adj.正确的；恰当的correct在此作形容词，其同义词是right，反义词是incorrect“不正确的”，其副词形式是correctly。Hegaveacorrectanswertothequestion.IfIremembercorrectly,heisSpanish.correct还可作及物动词，意为“纠正，批改”。It’snecessarytocorrecthismistakes.He’sbeencorrectingthekids’homeworkforhours.(2)polite用作形容词，意为“有礼貌的；客气的”，可用作表语或定语。bepolitetosb.意为“对某人有礼貌”。其反义词是impolite,其副词形式是politely。Heispolitetoothers.Jackrefusedtheinvitationpolitely.13.Thatisbecauseitisaverydirectquestion.direct/dəˈrekt/adj.直接的；直率的（1）direct在此处作形容词，意为“直接的”。I’mnotindirectcontactwiththem.（2）direct作形容词，还可意为“直率的”。Heisverydirect,soyoualwaysknowwhathisrealviewsare.【拓展】indirectadj.间接的14.Sometimesweevenneedtospendtimeleadingintoarequest.6,spend…(in)doingsth.意为“花费……（时间）做某事”。Shespenttwoyearswritingthenovel.【拓展】Sbspendsomemoney/sometimeon/doingsth花费时间、金钱做某事Sbpaysomemoneyforsth做某事花费某人多长时间SthcostSbsomemoney某物花费某人多少钱Ittakessbsometimetodosth做某事花费某人多长时间Ispentonehundredyuanbuying/onthepresent.Ipaidonehundredyuanforthepresent.Thepresentcostmeonehundredyuan.Ittookme30minutestogettoschool.15.Goodspeakerschangethewaytheyspeakindifferentsituations.speaker/ˈspiːkə(r)/n.讲（某种语言）的人；发言者speaker是可数名词，由“speak（v.讲）+-er（后缀）”构成。OurfirstspeakerisMr.Smith.She’sanEnglishspeaker.speaker作名词，还可意为“扬声器，喇叭“。Atinnyvoiceissuedfromaspeaker.16.Itmightseemmoredifficulttospeakpolitelythandirectly.seem此处为连系动词，意为“似乎”，后可跟形容词或名词。seem的其他用法：①Itseems+that从句“似乎……”。②seemtodosth.“似乎做某事”。Itseemsthathelikesyou.=Heseemstolikeyou.17.I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.lookforwardto期盼lookforwardto中的to为介词，其后接名词、代词、动名词（动词-ing）作宾语。Wealllookforwardtoseeingyouagainsoon.【GrammarFocus】疑问词引导的宾语从句（1）当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是宾语从句的引导词。连接代词who，whom，whose，which，what和连接副词where，how，why，when可引导宾语从句，并在从句中作一定成分。（2）在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要用陈述语序。因此当特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，一定要注意语序。“Wheredidhegolastmonth?”Sheasked.=Sheaskedwherehewentlastmonth.当疑问代词what/who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身即是陈述语序，所以转变成宾语从句后无需再调整语序。“What’swrongwiththeTV?”Tomasks.=Tomaskswhat’swrongwiththeTV.（3）宾语从句可转化成“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。在含有疑问词引导的宾语从句的主从复合句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语或宾语一致，则宾语从句可以转化为“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。IwanttoknowhowIgetthere.→Iwanttoknowhowtogetthere.【Topicwriting】DearRob,6,AreyoufreenextSunday?TherewillbeaconcertinHongqiTheater.IhavetwoticketsandIhopeyoucangowithme.Nowletmetallyouhowtogetthere.First,youcanwalkalongZhaowudaRoadafteryouleaveyourhome.ThenturnleftontoThirdStreet.GostraightalongThirdStreet.WhenyougettoWalkingStreet，turnright.ThengoalongthestreetuntilyouseeHongqiTheateronyourright.IwillmeetyouatthegateofHongqiTheater.Yours,LiuMing6