初中英语人教新目标八年级下全册知识点汇总

八年级英语下全册知识点Unti1what’sthematter?【短语归纳】1.toomuch太多2.liedown躺下3.getanX-ray做个X光检查4.takeone’stemperature量体温5.putsomemedicineon......在....上敷药6.haveafever发烧7.takebreaks/takeabreak休息8.withoutthinkingtwice没多想9.getoff下车10.takesbtothehospital送某人去医院11.waitfor等待12.toone’ssurprise使.......惊讶的13.thanksto多亏于；由于14.intime及时15.thinkabout考虑16.haveaheartproblem患有心脏病17.getintothetrouble遇到麻烦18.dotherightthing做正确的事情事情19.falldown摔倒20.put......onsth把...放在某物上21.gethit/sunburned摔伤/烧伤22.beinterestedin对.....感兴趣23.beusedto习惯于....24.takerisks/takearisk挑战25.loseone’slife失去生命26.becauseof因为27.runoutof用完28.cutoff切除29.getoutof从...出来30.makeadecision/decisions做决定31.beincontrolof掌管；管理32.giveup放弃【用法归纳】1.needtodosth.需要去做某事2.seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事3.asksbsth询问某人某事4.expectsbtodosth期望某人做某事5.agreetodosth同意做某事6.helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事7.wanttodosth想要做某事8.tellsbtodosth告诉某人做某事9.haveproblems(in)doingsth做某事有困难10.usesthtodosth用某物去做某事11 11.be/getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事12.seemtodosth好像做某事13.keepondoingsth继续做某事14.minddoingsth介意做某事【语法点】1.询问某人的健康问题及遇到麻烦的表达方法2.情态动词should的用法3.不定代词的用法【精细解读】1.What’sthematter(withyou)?怎么了？出什么事了？What’sthetrouble/theproblem/wrongwithsb./sth.?2.Ihadacold.我感冒了。haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒haveafever发烧haveacough咳嗽haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼3.身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词stomach+ache=stomachachehead+ache=headachetooth+ache=toothacheback+ache=backache后背痛4.muchtoo+形容词或副词，意为太...，toomuch+不可数名词，意为太多...5.enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough放在名词后，形副后。goodenough足够好，enoughmoney足够的钱6.liedown躺下，lie躺，躺着，过去式lay；lie说谎，过去式lied7.maybe“或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybeyouareright.maybe，是情态动词+be的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。Hemaybeangry.8.soundlike+名词代词和从句：Itsoundslikeyoudon’tknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，Themusicsoundsnice.9.need需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；needtodosth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：Youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.needdoingsth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Yourdirtyclothesneedwashing.10.getoff(thebus)下（公交车）geton上车11.agree同意，赞同；同意做某事agreetodo，同意某人的看法、观点agreewithsb。12.trouble问题，麻烦；beintrouble陷入困境，maketrouble制造麻烦，havetrouble(in)doingsth.=havedifficulties(in)doingsth做某事有困难13.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意为立刻，马上14.runout用完，用尽Whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomething11 tosavehisownlife.物sth.runout.某物用尽了。人sb.runoutofsth..人用尽了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.15.risk(sb.)todosth.冒险去做某事takearisk=takerisks冒险16.theimportanceof(doing)sth.（做）某事的重要性Westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceof(learning)English.importancen.重要（性），importantadj.重要的，unimportantadj.不重要的17.decision【名词】决定；抉择；makeadecision做决定18.beinthecontrolof…掌管，管理Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol无法控制，无法管理【重点语法】【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。单数myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves用在某些固定短语当中。如：lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顾自己teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自学enjoyoneself玩得高兴，过得愉快helponeselftosth请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）.hurtoneself摔伤自己saytooneself自言自语leavesb.byoneself把某人单独留下buyoneselfsth.给自己买……东西introduceoneself介绍……自己【提醒】1.反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。如：我自己能完成作业。（误）Myselfcanfinishmyhomework.(正)Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.2.反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”时，须要用one’sown.如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）I’mdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.(正)I’mdrawingwithmyowncrayons.Unit2I’llhelptocleanthecityparks【短语归纳】1.cleanup打扫干净2.cheerup（使）变得更高兴；振奋起来11 3.giveout分发4.usedto曾经......；过去........5.giveaway赠送；捐赠6.setup建立；设立7.makeadifference有作为8.comeupwith想出9.putoff推迟10.putup张贴11.callup打电话给12.helpout帮助.....摆脱困难13.carefor照顾；照看14.giveup放弃15.tryoutfor参加选拔16.cometrue实现17.runoutof用光18.takeafter与.....相像19.fixup修理20.besimiliarto与......相似【用法归纳】1.needtodosth需要做某事2.makeplantodosth制定计划做某事3.asksb(not)todosth要求某人（不要）做某事4.usedtodosth过去常常做某事5.decidetodosth决定做某事6.helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事7.makeadifferenceto对......产生影响8.makeitpossibleforsbtodosth使得做某事对某人来说是可能的【拓展链接】动词+副词短语cheerup使高兴起来cleanup打扫干净putup张贴mixup修理giveaway赠送giveout分发giveup放弃useup用光getup起床handin上交putoff推迟pickup捡起thinkover仔细思考turndown关小音量setup建立setoff出发lookout小心动词+介词短语lookafter照顾11 belongto属于takeafter与....相像hearfrom收到.....来信hearof听说payfor支付waitfor等待动词+副词+介词短语getoutof避免comeupwith想出catchupwith追上赶上lookforwardto期待盼望goonwith继续动词+名词短语havearest休息一下takeawalk散步makemistakes犯错haveatry试一下takeplace发生tellalie撒谎makeadecision做决定动词+名词+介词短语havealookat看一看makeafriendwith与.....交朋友payattentionto注意makefunof取笑Be+形容词+介词短语belatefor迟到beangrywith生气befondof喜欢begoodat擅长begoodfor对...有好处beshortof缺乏besimiliarto与......相似bestrictwith对......严格要求bepoundof骄傲自豪【语法点】动词不定式归纳只跟动词不定式做宾语的动词决心学会有希望（decide,learn,wish,hope）同意计划莫假装（agree,plan,pretend）忘记拒绝会失望（forget,refuse,fail）准备设法来帮忙（prepare,try,manage,help）提供请求负担起（offer,beg,afford）记得阻止理应当（rememberstop,besupposed）Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?【短语归纳】1.dothedishes洗餐具11 2.takeoutthetrash倒垃圾3.atleast至少4.throwdown扔下5.allthetime一直；反复6.insurprise惊讶地7.assoonas一......就......8.spend......on......在......花费（时间、金钱、精力）9.inorderto为了10.providesthforsb向某人提供某物11.dependon依赖；信赖12.lookafter照顾；照看13.takecareof照顾14.asaresult结果【用法归纳】1.finishdoingsth做完某事2.wantsbtodosth想要某人做某事3.try(not)todosth尽力（不）做某事4.letsbdosth让某人做某事5.spend......(in)doingsth花费......做某事6.minddoingsth介意做某事7.learntodosth学习做某事8.learnhowtodosth学习怎样做某事9.The+比较级，the+比较级越......，就越.....【语法点】情态动词could的用法表示请求与准许，could委婉有礼貌；表示能力会不会，could只把过去表Unit4whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?【短语归纳】1.toomuch太多（修饰不可数名词）2.hangout闲逛3.toomany太多（修饰可数名词复数）4.getintoafight争吵5.callsbup给某人打电话6.talkabout谈论7.lookthrough浏览8.giveback归还9.beangrywithsb生某人的气10.abigdeal重要的事情11.workout解决；算出12.getonwithsb与某人和睦相处13.communicatewithsb与某人交流14.beworriedabout担心.....15.beafraidof害怕.....16.infrontof在...前面17.not...anymore不再...18.somuch/many那么多11 19.competewithsb与某人竞争20.cutout删除；删去21.allkindsof各种各样22.compare....with.....比较；对比23.inone’sopinion依...看24.turndown调小【用法归纳】1.allowsbtodosth允许某人做某事2.whydon’tyoudosth?为什么不做某事呢？3.whynotdosth?为什么不做某事呢？4.findsbdoingsth发现某人在做某事5.tellsbtodosth告诉某人做某事6.refusetodosth拒绝做某事7.letsbdosth让某人做某事8.offertodosth主动提供做某事9.not....until....直到....才...10.it’stimetodosth该做某事了11.it+adj+todosth做某事是.....的12.keepondoingsth继续做某事13.whatdoyouthinkof...?你认为....怎么样？【语法点】1.Whydon’tyou+V.......?等提出建议的句型及常用的答语2.连词until,sothat以及although引导的状语从句Unit5whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame?【短语归纳】1.waitfor等待2.lookfor寻找3.gooff(闹铃）发出声音4.takeashower洗澡5.pickup接电话；捡起6.makesure确信；务必7.havefun玩的开心8.fallasleep入睡；睡觉9.diedown逐渐变弱；逐渐消失10.wakeup醒来；叫醒11.inamess乱七八糟12.takephotos照相13.turnon打开14.insilence沉默地；无声地15.takedown摧毁；拆卸；记下16.tellthetruth说实话17.pointout指出18.goaway消失19.aswell也【用法归纳】1.bebusydoingsth/bebusywithsth忙于（做）某事2.seesb/sthdoingsth看见某人或某物正在做某事11 3.begin/starttodosth开始做某事4.trytodosth努力去做某事5.havetrouble（in）doingsth做某事有困难【语法点】过去进行时过去进行最好记，was/were+doing特定时间有暗示，过去某刻某时段肯定主语在句首，一般问句Be提前否定句式更简单，Be后只把not添Unit6Anoldmantriedtomovethemountains【短语归纳】1.workon从事2.assoonas一.......就......3.take...away拿走，带走4.agoodwaytodosth做某事的好方法5.alittlebit一点儿6.onceuponatime从前7.turn...into..变成8.comeout出现，出版，结果是9.getmarried结婚10.fallinlovewithsb爱上某人11.beborn出生12.allovertheworld全世界13.makeaplantodosth制定计划做某事14.alongtheway沿路15.belost迷路16findout找出17.learnabout了解【用法归纳】1.trytodosth设法做某事2.finishdoingsth完成做某事3.continuetodosth继续做某事4.makesbdosth让某人做某事5.keepdoingsth一直做某事6.insteadofdoingsth代替做某事7.beabletodo能够做某事8.Ittakes/took.....todosth花费...做某事9.havenotimetodosth没有时间做某事10.becomeinterestedindoingsth对做某事感兴趣11.can’tstopdoingsth禁不住做某事12.hearsbdoingsth听到某人正在做某事13.leadsbtosomewhere引导某人到某处14.leavesthat/insomewhere把某物遗忘在某地15.showsbsth向某人展示某物【语法点】1.unless引导的条件状语从句2.so...that...引导的结果状语从句11 3.assoonas引导的时间状语从句Unit7what’sthehighestmountainintheworld?【短语归纳】1.takein吸入；吞入2.inthefaceof面对（问题；困难）3.atbirth出生时4.asyoucansee正如你所看到的5.asfarasIknow据我所知6.upto直到7.prepare...for...为...准备...8.fallover摔倒9.diefrom死于......10.cutdown砍倒11.takecareof照顾；照看12.orso大约；左右13.indanger处于危险之中【用法归纳】1.anyother+名词单数其他任何一个......2.feelfreetoasksbsthon......就...随意问某人某事3.oneofthe+形容词最高级+可数名词复数最....的....之一4.what’sthe+形容词最高级+名词intheworld?世界上最....的....是什么？5.protect....from/against....保护....使不受；防御6.succeedindoingsth成功做成某事7.teachsbaboutsth教某人有关.....内容8.sendsbtodosth派某人去做某事9.Therebesb/sthdoing.....有某人/物正在做某事【语法点】1.数词hundred,thousand,million,billion的用法2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级用法比较级变化规则比较等级要变化，一般词尾加-er词尾若有哑音e，直接加r就可以一辅重读闭音节，辅音字母要双写辅音字母加y结尾，要把y改i加erUnit8HaveyoureadTreasureIslandyet?【短语归纳】1.befullof充满2.growup长大3.hurryup赶快4.bringbacktosw带回到某地5.morethan超过6.inthemiddleof在....中间7.fightover为....争吵；争斗8.thinkabout考虑9.cometorealize开始意识到10.eversincethen从那时起11 11.akindof一种12.suchas例如13.belongto属于14.findout找出；查出15.attheendoftheday在一天结束的时候16.befamousfor因为...而出名17.leavebehind遗忘；留下18.theimportanceofmoneyandsuccess金钱和成功的重要性【用法归纳】1.finishdoingsth完成做某事2.arriveat/insw到达某地3.learntodosth学习做某事4.seesbdoingsth看到某人正在做某事5.namesbsth给某人取名为.......6.teachsbsth教某人某事7.usesthtodo用某物做某事8.lovetodo/doingsth喜欢做某事9.can’twaittodosth迫不及待做某事10.bekindtosb对某人友好11.hopetodosth希望做某事12.havetimetodosth有时间做某事13havenothingtodo没什么事情可做【语法点】现在完成时Unit9Haveyoueverbeentoamuseum?【短语归纳】1.haveagreattime玩的开心2.putup搭建；支起3.insucharapidway用如此快速的方式4.beabletodosth能够做某事5.acoupleof少数；几个6.ontheotherhand另一方面7.threequarters四分之三8.whether...or...不管...还是...9.wakeup醒来10.allyearround一年到头，终年11.closeto靠近【用法归纳】1.agreatwaytodosth一个做某事的好方法2.watchsbtodosth观看某人做了某事3.It’sunbelievablethat....很难相信......4.encouragesbtodosth鼓励某人做某事5.haveproblem(in）doingsth做某事很费劲6.as...as..和...一样7.thebesttimetodosth做某事的最佳时间8.choosetodosth选择做某事9.tellsbtodosth告诉某人做某事11 【语法点】现在完成时区分：havebeento和havegonetoUnit10I’vhadthisbikeforthreeyears【短语归纳】1.h0wlong多长，多长时间2.not.....anymore不再....3.welcometo...欢迎到....4.checkout察看5.atfirst起初6.nolonger不再；不复7..asfor...至于....8..tobehonest说实在的9.searchfor寻找10.acrossfrom在.....对面11.accordingto依据；按照12.inone’sopinion依...看13.inorderto为了【用法归纳】1.It’s+adj（+forsb)+todosth(对某人来说）做某事是......2.decidetodosth决定做某事3.havebeenin+地点在某处待了多久5.hopetodosth希望做某事7.oneof+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+V单数最....的...之一是....8.usedtodosth过去常常做某事9.needtodosth需要做某事【语法点】现在完成时1.since和for引导状语的区别2.延续性动词和瞬间动词瞬间动词转为为延续动词表borrow-keepbuy-havecatchacold-haveacoldputon-weargettoknow-knowgettosleep-sleepbegin/start-beongoout-beoutgetto/arrive/reach-be(in)die-bedeadopen-beopenleave-beawayfinish-beoverfallill-beilljoin-bein/beamemberoffallasleep-beasleepmakefriends-befriendsCome/go-be+相应的介词close-beclosegotobed-beinbedgetup-beup11