适用于老高考旧教材2024版高考英语二轮复习题组限时满分练5阅读理解七选五（附解析）

满分练(五)　阅读理解+七选五(限时:40分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2023山东聊城三模)TheMostPopularNationalParksintheU.S.Famouslycalled“America’sbestidea”bythenovelistandhistorianWallaceStegner,theU.S.NationalParkSystemoffersfamiliesawonderfullyaffordablewaytovisitAmerica’smostpopularandbeautifullandscapes.HotSpringsNationalParkThisnationalparkisuniquebecauseit’smoreofanurbanparkthanadistantwilderness.LocatedrightnexttothecityofHotSprings,thisisalsothecountry’ssmallestnationalpark,covering5,550acres.Themainattractionsherearethehistoricbathhousesandhotspringsthattheparkwasestablishedtoprotect.AcadiaNationalParkThisparkontheMaineCoastishometovariousplantsandanimalsandthetallestmountainontheAtlanticCoast.TodayvisitorscometoAcadiatohikerockpeaks,bikehistoriccarriageroads,orrelaxandenjoythecoastalscenery.ShenandoahNationalParkOccupiedbysettlersforatleast100years,itcovers200,000acresofVirginiawilderness.The105-mileSkylineDrivetracestheBlueRidgeMountainsandoffersmanyjumping-offpointstoseethebeautyofthispark.Beyondthescenicdrive,youcanexplorethepark’smanyofferingsthroughhiking,biking,andhorsebackriding.IndianaDunesNationalParkStretchingalong15milesofLakeMichiganshorelineandcoveringmorethan15,000acres,thisMidwesternparkisidealforrelaxingonabeach,hikingthe50milesoftrails,andexploringthediverseecosystem.Thesandsarethemainattractionwithrareplants,andvariousbirds.Thenationalparkisfreetovisit.1.WhatistypicalofHotSpringsNationalPark?A.Itseemslikeacitypark.B.Itislocatedinthesuburb. C.Itisn’tafarawaywilderness.D.Itisthecity’slargestnationalpark.2.WhatcanyoudoinShenandoahNationalPark?A.Talkaboutitshistorywithsettlers.B.Recordthebeautyofthispark.C.Rideahorsetoexploreitsbeauty.D.Enjoythepark’scoastalscenery.3.Whichofthefollowingparkscanyouvisitfreeofcharge?A.AcadiaNationalPark.B.HotSpringsNationalPark.C.ShenandoahNationalPark.D.IndianaDunesNationalPark.B(2023河北唐山二模)Likemostpeople,Ihadalotoftimeonmyhandsthesepastfewyears,andIspentmostofitonmyphone.This,togetherwithanxietymedication(药物治疗),hasmademybrainweak.I’veneverhadaverygoodmemory,butbysummerof2021,IsawthelittlememorythatIdidhavedisappearsuddenlywhileGoogling“benafleCkbrtherbad1”.Igrewfrustrated.Icouldn’trememberthenameofJoanHolloway’smilitaryhusbandfromMadMenwithoutlookingitup,orthenameofmycollegefriend,whowouldcomeintomydormregularlytotalkabouthowmuchheworkedout.Noneofthiswasespeciallyusefulorlife-changinginformation,butIwantedtorememberitwithoutmakingashamefulmessofmysearchhistory.Inspiredbyadesiretoimpressmyselfandothers,Idecidedtostoplookingstuffuponlineandseewhathappened.WhenIcouldn’trememberthecharacterfromMadMen,insteadofinstantlyturningtomyphone,Ijustsatthere,thinking,veryhard.(Aha!Gregwashisname.)Andsomynewskillwasborn:StrongBrain.Forafewmonths,Ididn’tmakeanyprogress.SometimesIwouldsitwithoutknowingsomethingforhours,wellafterwhoeverIwaswithhadlookeditupandhadmovedontoknowingthenextthingthatIcouldn’tremember.Iwasfrequentlylaughedatandmadetofeelstupidforsittingwithmyarmscrossed.Iwasteasedfornot comingupwithanswerstothingsthatnooneonearthshouldknowsimplybecauseItookanattitudeagainstlookingthemup.Butwhilethesoundsofmyhatersgotlouderandlouder,mybrainbeefedupinmydefense.AsfriendstriedtorememberthenameoftheactorwhoplayedRobinWilliams’ssweetheartinJumanji,Ispokeunthinkinglywith“BonnieHunt”.Ifyou’relikemeandhavealwayswantedtobetheshiny,prettypersonatapartythateveryoneislisteningtoandsmilingatandwonderingwhereshegotherhaircut,IthinkStrongBrainisthepartytrickforyou.4.Whatdowelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraph1?A.Shewasoverusingthephone.B.Shewastedalotoftimeonthecalls.C.Shewasaddictedtoanxietymedicine.D.Shemademanyspellingerrorswhilesearching.5.Whatdidtheauthordecidetodoafterthesummerof2021?A.Improveherrecall.B.Seekhelpfrommedicine.C.Clearuphersearchhistory.D.Connectwithhercollegefriend.6.Whatdidotherpeoplethinkoftheauthor’snewskilltraining?A.Difficult.　　　B.Important.C.Ridiculous.D.Rewarding.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.MyConcernoverAnxietyB.MyWaytoBeBrain-StrongC.MyFightwithHighTechnologyD.MySufferingfromPoorMemoryC(2023湖南怀化二模)Haveyoueverlostsomethinginahard-to-reachspace,likebehindacouchoracupboard?Wouldn’titbenicetojustbeabletosqueezeinandout?Newinnovationsinthefieldofroboticswillsoonbeabletomakethisniceideaintoareality. InastudypublishedonJan.25inthesciencejournalMatter,engineersfromTheChineseUniversityofHongKongandCarnegieMellonUniversityintheUShavedevelopedsmallrobotsthatcanquicklychangebackandforthfromliquidtosolidstates.AccordingtothewebsiteMashable,thescientistswereinspiredbyseacucumbers.Theyareabletochangethestiffness(僵硬度)oftheirbodyorreducethepotentialforphysicaldamage.Therobotsinthestudyweremadefromgallium(镓),asoftmetalwithalowmeltingpointof30℃.Thescientiststhenusedchangesinthemagneticfieldtocontrolthemagneticparticlesinsidethegalliummaterialtoprovideheat.Thisheatthenallowedtherobotstochangebetweensolidandliquidstatesaswellastomovearound.AsthewebsiteTechXplorepointedout,othersimilarmaterialsrequireexternalheatsourcessuchasheatgunsandelectricalcurrentstoinduceachangeofstates;butnow,therobotscanuseaheatsourceinsideitselftochangestatesindependently.Duringtherobots’experimentaltrials,thescientistsconductedanumberoftests.Thesetestsincludedhavingtherobotsmeltintoliquidandre-formtoescapeaprison-likecage.Itcanremoveaforeignobjectfromanddelivermedicinaldrugstoamodelstomach.Therobotisalsoabletobuildandrepairhard-to-reachcircuits.Therobots’abilitytoswitchbetweenstatesofmatterallowsforanumberofpossibleusesandadvancementsindifferentfields,suchasthebiomedicalandcircuitassembly(组装)industries.Still,inthewordsofseniorauthorCarmelMajidiatCarnegieMellonUniversity,fornowthesearealljust“proofsofconcept”whichshowtheabilitiesofthesenewkindofrobots.8.Whycantherobotsswitchbetweensolidandliquid?A.Becausetheyconsistofauniquemetalandmagneticparticles.B.Becausetheycanreducethepotentialforphysicaldamage.C.Becausetheyareabletochangethestiffnessoftheirbody.D.Becausetheyhaveexternalheatsourcesanytimeanywhere.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“induce”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Witness.　B.Remove.C.Cause.　　D.Accept. 10.Whatwillbethefunctionoftherobot?A.Tohelpscientistsinspireseacucumbers.B.Toputacouchintoahard-to-reachspace.C.Togetridofforeignobjectsfromanorgan.D.Toassistpeopleinescapingaprison-likecage.11.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Ahealthreport.B.Asciencefiction.C.Achemistrytextbook.D.Ascientificmagazine.D(2023山东泰安二模)Haveyoueverwishedyoucouldbebetterorganizedormoresociable?Ormoreinventiveandoriginal?Perhapsyou’reaconstantworrier,andyou’dprefertobealittlemorecarefree?Ifanyofthesethoughtsringtrue,youarenotalone.Manysurveysshowthatatleasttwo-thirdsofpeoplewouldliketochangetheirpersonality.Inthepast,suchdesiresappearedtobeimpossible.Ourpersonalitieswerethoughttobeformedinchildhoodandtoremainfixedthroughoutlives.Recentresearch,however,suggeststhatwiththerightpsychologicalstrategiesandenougheffort,peoplecansuccessfullymould(塑造)theircoretraitsintotheshapetheydesire.ThatiswhatpsychologyprofessorNathanHudsonandhiscolleagueshaveshownwithstudies.Theresearchhascenteredonfivetraits(特点)thatarethoughttocontainourmostfundamentalcharacteristics.Knownasthe“bigfive”,theyare:extraversion—howoutgoingandsociableyouare;conscientiousness—howorganizedanddisciplinedyouare;agreeableness—howconcernedyouarewithsocialharmony;neuroticism—hownervousandsensitiveyouare;andopennesstoexperience—howimaginativeandcuriousyouare.People’sscoresforthebigfivecanpredictimportantoutcomes.Peoplewhoscorehighlyonconscientiousness,forexample,getbettergradesatschoolandearnmore.Thosewhoscorehighlyonneuroticism,meanwhile,aremoresensitivetostress.Inthestudy,someonewhowishedtobemoreconscientiousmightbeaskedtocarefullyreadanemailbeforesendingit,ortowriteato-dolistbeforegoingto bed.Aneuroticpersonmightbegivenexercisestoimproveemotionalregulation,suchaswritingdownfeelingswhentheyarehardtocontrol.Theaimisforthethinkingpatternsandbehaviourstheymaketobecomehabitual.Andtheevidencesofarsuggestsitworkswell.Similarresultscouldbeseeninalaterexperiment,whichusedasmartphoneapptocoachparticipantsintheirdesiredbigfivetraits.AsAristotlearguedmorethan2,300yearsago,webecomewhatwerepeatedlydo.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Personalityremainsfixedinlife.B.Personalitychangeispossible.C.Personalitykeepschangingwithage.D.Personalityvariesfrompersontoperson.13.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theaimoftheresearch.B.Themethodoftheresearch.C.Thefocusoftheresearch.D.Theimportanceoftheresearch.14.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheresearch?A.Favourable.B.Doubtful.C.Disapproving.D.Indifferent.15.Whichofthefollowingsayingscanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Characterdeterminesdestiny.B.Custommakesallthingseasy.C.Habitdeterminescharacter.D.Afoxmaygrowgray,butnevergood.Ⅱ.七选五(2023山东德州二模)TheSurprisingHabitsthatAreStoppingYoufromLosingWeightYou’vecutoutsnacksandstartedexercising,butwhycan’tyoushiftthosestubbornpounds?Readontodiscoverthesurprisingreasonsyoustruggletostayslimandsimple,science-backedsolutions.You’reeatingtoolate. Doyouregularlyeatdinnerafter8:00pmorsnackthroughtheevening?Astudyfoundthatlate-nighteatingmadepeoplehungrierthefollowingday.　1　Avoideatingbetween8:00pmand8:00am. You’renotatthegymfrequentlyenough.Workingoutactivelybutnotseeingresults?Considerhowactiveyouareoutsidethegym.　2　Thereare168hoursinaweek,soifyoudoone-hourworkoutsthreetimesaweekinthegym,you’reonlyexercisingfor2%oftheweek.Instead,beingactivethroughoutyourdayhasaccumulativeeffectonfatloss. You’reeatingtoofast.Thefasteryoueat,themorerapidlysugarentersyourbloodstream.Peoplewhoeatfastertendtohaveahigherweightandenergyintakethanslow-eaters.I’malwaystellingmychildrennottowolffood,butlistentotheirhungersignals.　3　 YoudropoffwiththeTVon.　4　SleepingwiththeTVonisn’trestful.Stage1sleepisverylightsoitcanbeeasilydisturbedbyTVsound.Long-termlackofsleepimpactsyourappetite,increasesfoodintakeanddecreasesenergyconsumption.Therefore,inthehourbeforebed,avoidscreensandallbrightlight. 　5　 “Healthy”plant-basedfoodlikefakemeatsandnon-dairydessertsmayactuallyruinyourweight-lossefforts,warnnutritionscientists.Despitetheirhealthfulclaims,they’reactuallyhighinenergy,sugarandsaturatedfats.Theprocessingmethodsforsuchfoodoftenbreakdowningredients’cellstructures.Moreenergycanbestoredinthebody.So,switchtofoodlikebeans,nutsandseeds.A.You’vegoneplant-based.B.It’sgoodadviceforeveryone.C.Tofixit,cutouteveningsnacks.D.Celebrateaspecialdayoreventoccasionally.E.Everythingfeelsright,butyouknowsomethingiswrong.F.Thisbedtimehabitcanmakeithardertofallasleepatnight.G.Limitedexerciseisn’tthebestwaythatyoucanloseweight.答案： Ⅰ.A[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个在美国最受欢迎且适合家庭出行的国家公园。1.A　细节理解题。根据HotSpringsNationalPark部分的“Thisnationalparkisuniquebecauseit’smoreofanurbanparkthanadistantwilderness.”可知,HotSpringsNationalPark的特别之处在于它看起来更像一个城市公园。2.C　细节理解题。根据ShenandoahNationalPark部分的“Beyondthescenicdrive,youcanexplorethepark’smanyofferingsthroughhiking,biking,andhorsebackriding.”可知,在ShenandoahNationalPark可以通过徒步旅行、骑自行车和骑马等方式探索公园。3.D　细节理解题。根据IndianaDunesNationalPark部分的“Thenationalparkisfreetovisit.”可知,游览IndianaDunesNationalPark是免费的。B[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过讲述作者因为长期玩手机导致记忆力下降,因此就利用最强大脑(StrongBrain)来让自己增强记忆力。4.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Likemostpeople,Ihadalotoftimeonmyhandsthesepastfewyears,andIspentmostofitonmyphone.”可知,作者大部分时间都花在了手机上,即她过度使用手机。5.A　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知,作者在2021年夏天开始训练自己,提高记忆力。6.C　推理判断题。根据第四段“Iwasfrequentlylaughedat...againstlookingthemup.”可知,其他人认为作者的行为很荒唐可笑。7.B　主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲述作者是如何通过最强大脑来提高自己的记忆力的,B项“我的最强大脑之路”适合作文章标题。C[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。来自香港中文大学和美国卡内基梅隆大学的工程师开发出了能够快速从液态到固态来回切换的小型机器人。8.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Therobotsinthestudyweremadefromgallium(镓),asoftmetalwithalowmeltingpointof30℃...movearound.”可知,这种热量使机器人能够在固态和液态之间变化是因为它们是由独特的金属和磁性粒子组成的。9.C　词义猜测题。根据第三段“Thisheatthenallowedtherobotstochangebetweensolidandliquidstatesaswellastomovearound.” ,第四段画线词的上文“heatgunsandelectricalcurrents(热枪和电流)”和下文“changeofstates(物态变化)”可知,上文“热枪和电流”是导致下文“物态变化”发生的原因,可推理出画线词应为“引起;导致”之意。10.C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Itcanremoveaforeignobjectfromanddelivermedicinaldrugstoamodelstomach.”可知,这种机器人在将来可能会具有的功能是清除器官中的异物。11.D　推理判断题。这篇文章是一篇讲述最新科技发明的说明文,最有可能出现在科技杂志中。D[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。最近的研究表明,通过正确的心理策略和足够的努力,人们可以成功地将他们的核心特征塑造成他们想要的形状,从而达到改变性格的目的。12.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Recentresearch,however,suggeststhatwiththerightpsychologicalstrategiesandenougheffort,peoplecansuccessfullymould(塑造)theircoretraitsintotheshapetheydesire.”可知,我们可以从文中了解到性格改变是可能的。13.C　主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Theresearchhascenteredonfivetraits(特点)thatarethoughttocontainourmostfundamentalcharacteristics.”可知,第二段主要讲述研究的重点。14.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段“AsAristotlearguedmorethan2,300yearsago,webecomewhatwerepeatedlydo.”可推知,作者对研究的态度是赞成的。15.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Inthestudy,someonewhowishedtobemoreconscientiousmightbeaskedtocarefullyreadanemailbeforesendingit,ortowriteato-dolistbeforegoingtobed.”和最后一段“AsAristotlearguedmorethan2,300yearsago,webecomewhatwerepeatedlydo.”可知,我们可以从研究中学到习惯决定性格的道理。Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些影响减肥的不良习惯并提出相应的建议。1.C　上文提到“eatdinnerafter8:00pm”和“snackthroughtheevening”两种不良习惯,C项“Tofixit,cutouteveningsnacks.”和下文“Avoideatingbetween8:00pmand8:00am.”针对上文两种习惯提出建议,上下文语意连贯。2.G　下文指出在健身房锻炼的时间是有限的,对G项“Limitedexerciseisn’tthebestwaythatyoucanloseweight.”中“Limitedexercise” 进行了具体说明,同时回答了段首问题“Workingoutactivelybutnotseeingresults?”,积极锻炼却不见成效是因为锻炼时间不足。上下文语意连贯。3.B　上文指出,吃得越快就越容易长胖,因此,作者给自己的孩子提出建议“nottowolffood”,B项“It’sgoodadviceforeveryone.”承接上文,说明这一建议适合所有人,上下文语意连贯。4.F　标题“YoudropoffwiththeTVon.”提出开着电视睡着了这种不良习惯,F项“Thisbedtimehabitcanmakeithardertofallasleepatnight.”指出其影响,上下文语意连贯。5.A　根据下文可知,本段说明所谓“健康”的植物性食物其实会破坏你的减肥努力,所以本段针对的是“吃所谓‘健康’的植物性食物”的不良习惯,因此“You’vegoneplant-based.”是本段讨论的问题。词汇积累:1.(A)affordableadj.便宜的,付得起的2.(A)accuracyn.准确,精确3.(B)frustratedadj.沮丧的4.(B)teasevt.取笑5.(C)innovationn.创新6.(C)trialn.试验7.(D)personalityn.个性8.(D)fundamentaladj.基本的9.(D)sensitiveadj.敏感的10.(七选五)cutout停止11.(七选五)breakdown分解熟词生义:(A)covervt.占(面积)长难句分析:IwasteasedfornotcomingupwithanswerstothingsthatnooneonearthshouldknowsimplybecauseItookanattitudeagainstlookingthemup.分析:本句为主从复合句,thatnooneonearthshouldknow为that引导的定语从句;becauseItookanattitudeagainstlookingthemup为because引导的原因状语从句。句意:人们取笑我,说我对世界上任何人都不应该知道的问题找不到答案,仅仅是因为我反对去查这些问题。