适用于老高考旧教材2024版高考英语二轮复习题组限时满分练2阅读理解七选五（附解析）

满分练(二)　阅读理解+七选五(限时:40分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2023四川成都二诊)Howdoyoudecidewhichcharitiestosupport?Ifacharityreceivesahighranking,itmustbeeffectiveatmeetingitsmission.Therefore,wepicksomeinternationalcharitiesthatrankA+intermsoffinancialhealth,accountability,andtransparency.InternationalChildren’sFundThemissionoftheInternationalChildren’sFund(ICF)istocometotheaidofneedychildrenworldwidesince1987.Thischaritydistributeslife-savingfood,clothing,medicineanditsupportstheconstructionoforphanages,schools,churchesandvocationaltrainingcentersacrosstheAfricancontinent.ICFusesanimpressive99.7percentofitsfundingforprojects.DirectReliefWithahistoryofover7decades,DirectRelief(DR)isahumanitarianorganizationwithamissiontoimprovethehealthandlivesofpeopleaffectedbypovertyandemergencies.DR’sassistanceprogramsfocusonemergencypreparednessanddisasterrelief,diseasepreventionandtreatmentofthemostvulnerablepopulations.DRusesa99.4percentofitsfundingforprograms.MAPInternationalSinceitsfoundationin1954,MAPhasservedmillionsofpeople.Itsmissionistoprovidemedicinesandhealthsuppliestothoseinneedaroundtheworldsotheymightexperiencelifetothefullest.Atpresent,MAPisrespondingtorecentemergenciesthatincludeareashitbyearthquakesorhurricanes,aswellashelpingrefugees.Contributionsgoalongwayhere;a$25donationprovides$1,500ofmedicine.Anotable99percentofitsfundingisusedforaidprograms.BooksforAfricaBooksforAfricaorganizationcollects,sorts,shipsanddistributesbooksthataredonatedbypublishers,schools,libraries,organizations,andindividuals.Volunteers choosebooksthatareageandsubjectappropriate.Enoughbooksforentireclassesaresent.Todate,41millionbookshavebeendistributedtoonce-emptylibrariesandruralschoolsineveryAfricancountry.Thisorganization,founded35yearsago,alsouses99percentofitsfundingforitsmissions.1.WhatdoesMAPfocuson?A.Buildingschools.B.Improvingpeople’sfitness.C.Preventingnaturaldisasters.D.Supplyingstudyingmaterials.2.Whichcharityhasthelongesthistory?A.DirectRelief.B.BooksforAfrica.C.MAPInternational.D.InternationalChildren’sFund.3.Whatdothelistedcharitieshaveincommon?A.Thepeoplewhofoundedthem.B.Theregiontheyofferhelpto.C.Theorganizationthatsponsorsthem.D.Thereputationtheyenjoyworldwide.B(2023福建漳州三模)Maryhadstruggledtofindtherightwordstoconveyherthoughtsandfeelingseversinceshewasachild.Shewasoftentoldthatshewas“tooquiet”or“tooshy”,andasshegrewolder,shebecameincreasinglyself-consciousaboutherinabilitytoarticulateherself.Itwasn’tthatshedidn’thaveanythingtosay—farfromit.Mary’smindwasconstantlyracingwithideasandobservations,butnomatterhowhardshetried,shejustcouldn’tseemtogetthewordsout.“Mary,Ineedtotalktoyou,”Mr.Thompson,thebossofMary’snewcompany,saidoneday,hisvoiceserious.Mary’sheartsank.“Don’tworry,”Mr.Thompsonsaid,noticingMary’spanic.“It’snotthatkindofconversation.Ijustwanttotalktoyouaboutsomethingthat’sbeenonmymindlately.” Hepausedforamoment,collectinghisthoughts.“I’venoticedthatyou’vebeenstrugglingabitlately.Itseemslikeyou’rehavingatoughtimecommunicatingwithcustomers.Ihearthatyou’reproficientatwriting.SowhynotjoinourAdvertisingDepartment?Besides,Ihaveanothersuggestion...”Marykeptnodding,unabletofindthewordstoexpresshergratitude.FollowingMr.Thompson’ssuggestion,Maryjoinedawritingcompetition.Shehadalwaysbeenatalentedwriter,andsheknewthatshehadthepotentialtocreatesomethingtrulyspecial.Soshesettowork,pouringherheartandsoulintoheressay.Thewordsstartedflowing,andMaryfoundherselfwritingwithanewfoundsenseofclarityandpurpose.ThejudgesofthecompetitionwereamazedbyMary’sessay,andtheyselecteditasthewinner.Marywasthrilled,andshewasgratefultohavefinallyfoundtherightwaytodoagoodjob.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“articulate”meaninparagraph1?A.Teach.　　　B.Express.C.Behave.D.Encourage.5.WhydidMr.ThompsonhaveatalkwithMary?A.Topointouthermistakes.B.Toadvisehertoquitthejob.C.Toofferhersomehelp.D.Tocomfortherstruggles.6.WhatwasMary’sfeelingwhencreatingheressay?A.Confident.B.Determined.C.Inspired.D.Relaxed.7.WhatcanbestdescribeMary’sexperience?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.B.Allthingsareeasythataredonewillingly.C.Losesononesideandgainsontheother.D.Diligencecanmakeupforlackofintelligence.C(2023广东江门二模) NewwordsemergeinEnglishallthetime.Infact,inrecentyearsmorenewwordsandphrasesareenteringthelanguagethaneverbefore,partlyduetotheincreasedwillingnessoflexicographers(词典编纂者)toincludetheminthedictionaries.JohnAlgeowhostudiesthehistoryoflanguagesays,“Asourculturechanges,thelanguagechanges.Americancultureisgoingthroughatimeofrapidchange.”Technologyismovingfast,whichhasabigeffectonlanguage.Thecomputerworldproduceshundredsofnewwords.Newtermsalsocomefrombusiness,medicine,andotherfields.ManynewEnglishwordscomefromotherlanguages.DavidJosthelpscreatetheAmericanHeritageDictionary.“Weconstantlyborrowwordsfromothercultures,”hesays.“Thiswillgoonforeverincultures.”“PeopleinmanypartsoftheworldspeakEnglishnow.Thatisanotherreasonwhysomanynewwordsareenteringthelanguage,”saysAlgeo.TheAmericanDialectSocietyhasacontesteachyear.Thesocietyselectsa“newwordoftheyear”,whichgainshighlevelofpopularityonmediaforsomedays.Lastyearthewinnerwas“informationsuperhighway”,referringtoawholesetofelectronicnetworkofinformationandpeoplegettingaccesstothisnetworkbycomputer.Newwordsoftencomeinseveralforms,suchastheback-formation(likeenthusefromenthusiasm),theclipping(likezoofromzoologicalgarden),andthecompounding,etc.Overtime,oneformtendstowinout.Takethecompoundingforinstance.“Domesticpartners”hasbeengrowingpopularlately,eventhoughmanytermshavebeenusedtodescribecoupleswholivetogetherbutarenotmarried. “Anewwordrarelycanbetracedtoonesource,”saysAlgeo.“Severalpeopletendtocreateanewwordwhenaneedforoneexists.”“Mostnewwordshavealimitedlife‘span’,”saylanguageexperts.Onlyafewwillsurvivethroughthenext100years.8.WhatmighthaveleasteffectonEnglishlanguage?A.Culture.B.Technology.C.Otherlanguages.D.Languagecontests.9.Whatdoesthewriterwanttodemonstratebymentioning“domesticpartners”?A.Itisacompoundingword. B.Newwordsoftencomeinseveralforms.C.Overtime,oneformtendstowinout.D.Anewwordrarelycanbetracedtoonesource.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Newwordsoccurallofasudden.B.Newwordswillbecomeoldorextinct.C.InformationtechnologyhelpstheAmericanDialectSociety.D.AmericanculturechangesrapidlyaswellasEnglishlanguage.11.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.NewWordsDevelopingNaturallyB.EnglishLanguageChangingRapidlyC.EnglishVocabularyinaStateofDevelopmentD.NewWordsInfluencingEnglishLanguageD(2023河北张家口二模)Anewstudyfoundsomeprimates(灵长类)areleavingtheirtreehomesandspendingmoretimeontheground.LedbyTimothyEppley,Ph.D.,scientistsstudiednearly50speciesofmonkeysandlemurs(狐猴)tolookatthereasonbehindthesechanges.About15yearsago,Eppleyworkedwithsouthernbamboolemurs,whichwereknowntospendmostoftheirdaysinthetrees,feedingonbambooleaves.However,hewassurprisedtofindtheselemurswerespendingmosttimeonthegroundandhadanincrediblydiversediet.Hewonderedwhetherhabitatreductionandlimitedfoodresourceavailabilityweredrivingthemmovetotheground.Thisinspiredhimtobeginthisstudy.HereachedouttoeveryresearcherhecouldfindwhomayhavesignificantdataonprimatesfromMadagascarortheAmericas,thetwoplaceswithalmostalltree-dwellingprimates.Eppleyexaminedmorethan150,000hoursofdataobservedon32monkeyspeciesand15lemurspeciesat68sites.Hefoundthattheyspentanaverageofonly2.5%oftheirtimeonthegroundeachmonth.Butthefindingsshowedsomeinterestingdifferences. “Ashabitatsaredegradedandtheclimateworsens,primatesthatareflexibleenoughtoadaptbecauseoftheirdiversedietsorliveinlargergroupsmaybemorelikelytoshifttolifeontheground,”Eppleysays.“However,otherspeciesthatrelyonfruitdietsorliveinsmallgroupsarelessadaptableandarelesswillingtoleavethetree.Forthesespecies,wewillstillneedtoenforcefastandeffectiveconservationstrategiestoensuretheirsurvival.”Althoughmovingtothegroundhassomeadvantagesincertainsituations,primatescanfaceproblemswhentheyleavethetrees.Theycanbecomevictimsofotheranimalsanddiseases.Besides,theywillbefacedwithfindingappropriatefoodresourcesontheground,thushavingabroadorflexibledietisimportant.Primatesareimportantseedspreaderswithintheirforesthabitats.Thelossofprimateswouldleadtonegativeeffectsontheecosystem.12.WhydidTimothyEppleybeginhisstudy?A.Totrytomakeprimatesmoreadaptive.B.Tostudyhowmonkeysdifferfromlemurs.C.Tofigureoutthereasonforthelossofbamboo.D.Tofindoutwhyprimatesareturningtotheground.13.HowdidTimothyEppleycarryouthisresearch?A.Bydoingexperiments.B.Byobservinginthewild.C.Bystudyingcollecteddata.D.Byinterviewingthelocals.14.Whichkindofprimatesaremorelikelytocomedownfromtrees?A.Thoseeatingdiversediets.B.Thosewithalargesize.C.Thosefeedingmainlyonfruits.D.Thoselivinginsmallgroups.15.Whatwillbecomeaconcernaccordingtothestudy?A.Animalswillbecomelessadaptive.B.Theforestecosystemwillbecomeworse.C.Morenaturalhabitatswillbelost.D.Moreanimal-relateddiseaseswillappear. Ⅱ.七选五(2023河北保定一模)Gardeningcanbeafunandrewardingactivityforpeopleofallages,butitcanbeespeciallybeneficialforchildren.Gardeningenhanceschildren’ssensesandmotorskills.Inadditiontobeingabletotouchthesoil,usevarioustoolsandseeds,childrencanalsospotthedifferencesbetweendifferentplants,andhearsoundsofdifferentinsects.　1　.Gardeningactivitieslikedigging,planting,watering,andweedingcanstimulatemovementsofthebody,particularlyarmsandhands,andhelpchildrenlearnaboutthenaturalworld. 　2　.Children’scuriosityaboutplantsstartswiththefirstseedtheysow.Theylearnaboutnaturalprocessbyobservingthegrowthandfruitripen.Theyalsocometoappreciatethevitalroleofinsectsandwormsforplantsandrecognizethateverythinginnatureisconnected. Plantcarefosters(培养)patienceandresponsibility.　3　,andchildrenlearnwhatitmeanstoberesponsibleforsomethingtohelpensureitshealth.Gardeningalsoteacheschildrenaboutcaringfortheenvironment,fosteringaloveandrespectfornature. Gardeningpromotesnutritionandhealthychoicesforkids.Plantingandcultivating(培育)plants,pickingvegetablesandfruit,andinvolvingkidsincookingwithwhattheygrewwillcertainlyresultinawishtotryandconsumethefoodtheyprepared.Theywillgladlytryvegetablesandfruittheyplantedandcultivatedthemselves.　4　. Gardeninggivesyourfamilybondingtime.Bondingwithyourfamilyissoimportant,butitcanbehardtorealizewiththedigitalage.　5　,whichcontributestoparent-childrelationship. A.PlantsneedregularandconsistentcareB.GardeninggivesyouachancetodialthisbackC.ChildrengetaheadstartonlearningaboutscienceD.GardeninginvolvesscientificobservationsandcreativityE.Itprovidesgood,healthyoutdooractivityforthewholefamilyF.Thishelpschildrentonurtureself-confidenceandhealthydiethabitsG.Interactingwiththesurroundingnatureencouragesthelearningprocess 答案：Ⅰ.A[语篇解读]本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些在财务健康、责任和透明度方面排名A+的国际慈善机构。1.B　细节理解题。根据MAPInternational中的“Itsmissionistoprovidemedicinesandhealthsuppliestothoseinneedaroundtheworldsotheymightexperiencelifetothefullest.”可知,MAP的重点是改善人们的健康。故选B项。2.A　细节理解题。根据InternationalChildren’sFund中的“ThemissionoftheInternationalChildren’sFund(ICF)istocometotheaidofneedychildrenworldwidesince1987.”,DirectRelief中的“Withahistoryofover7decades,DirectRelief(DR)isahumanitarianorganizationwithamissiontoimprovethehealthandlivesofpeopleaffectedbypovertyandemergencies.”,MAPInternational中的“Sinceitsfoundationin1954,MAPhasservedmillionsofpeople.”和BooksforAfrica中的“Thisorganization,founded35yearsago,alsouses99percentofitsfundingforitsmissions.”可知,慈善机构DirectRelief历史最悠久。故选A项。3.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Therefore,wepicksomeinternationalcharitiesthatrankA+intermsoffinancialhealth,accountability,andtransparency.”可推断,列出的慈善机构共同之处在于它们在世界范围内享有的声誉。故选D项。B[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了玛丽在老板汤普森先生的建议下,通过写作来表达自己,并且找到了做好工作的正确方法。4.B　词句猜测题。根据上文“Maryhadstruggledtofindtherightwordstoconveyherthoughtsandfeelingseversinceshewasachild.Shewasoftentoldthatshewas‘tooquiet’or‘tooshy’”可知,随着年龄的增长,她越来越意识到自己无法表达自己。因此猜测articulate意为“表达”。5.C　推理判断题。根据文章第三段的内容可推知,Mr.Thompson和Mary进行谈话是为了给她提供帮助。6.A　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Shehadalwaysbeena talentedwriter,andsheknewthatshehadthepotentialtocreatesomethingtrulyspecial....Thewordsstartedflowing,andMaryfoundherselfwritingwithanewfoundsenseofclarityandpurpose.”可推知,玛丽知道自己在创作方面有潜力,文字自然而然地流淌出来,因此她在创作文章时感到很自信,并非借助灵感创作,而是她本身就很擅长这件事。7.C　推理判断题。根据文章内容可知,玛丽不擅长用言语表达自己,却在写作方面很有天赋。因此C项“Losesononesideandgainsontheother.(有失必有得。)”能描述玛丽的经历。C[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。英语中新词不断出现。事实上,近年来比以往任何时候都有更多的新词和短语进入英语,英语进入了快速发展和变化的阶段。文章对此进行了介绍。8.D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Asourculturechanges,thelanguagechanges.”,第三段第一句“Technologyismovingfast,whichhasabigeffectonlanguage.”和第四段第一句“ManynewEnglishwordscomefromotherlanguages.”可知,文化、技术和其他语言都对英语有很大影响,故影响最小的是D项语言竞赛。9.C　推理判断题。根据第七段第二句“Overtime,oneformtendstowinout.”可知,作者提到“家庭伴侣”是为了证明随着时间的推移一种形式往往会胜出,也就是合成词。10.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘Mostnewwordshavealimitedlife‘span’,’saylanguageexperts.Onlyafewwillsurvivethroughthenext100years.”可知,新词都有有限的“寿命”,会变老或消失。11.C　主旨大意题。根据第一段“NewwordsemergeinEnglishallthetime.Infact,inrecentyearsmorenewwordsandphrasesareenteringthelanguagethaneverbefore,partlyduetotheincreasedwillingnessoflexicographerstoincludetheminthedictionaries.”可知,文章主要是讲不断变化和发展的英语词汇,B项与词汇无关,A项的Naturally在文中未体现,D项强调新词和英语语言之间的联系,在文中并未体现,故选C项。D[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项科学研究,研究发现因为森林的破坏以及气候变化使得一些灵长类动物被迫选择了到地面生活。12.D　细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“Hewonderedwhetherhabitatreductionandlimitedfoodresourceavailabilityweredrivingthemmovetotheground.Thisinspiredhimtobeginthisstudy.”可知TimothyEppley开始研究是想找出灵长类动物选择地面生活的原因。 13.C　推理判断题。文章第四段讲到“Eppleyexaminedmorethan150,000hoursofdataobservedon32monkeyspeciesand15lemurspeciesat68sites.”可知Eppley通过分析收集到的数据进行这项研究。14.A　推理判断题。文章第五段讲到“primatesthatareflexibleenoughtoadaptbecauseoftheirdiversedietsorliveinlargergroupsmaybemorelikelytoshifttolifeontheground”可知,那些饮食多样化的灵长类动物更倾向于到地面生活。15.B　细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“Primatesareimportantseedspreaderswithintheirforesthabitats.Thelossofprimateswouldleadtonegativeeffectsontheecosystem.”可知,灵长类动物是植物种子的传播者,如果它们到地面上栖息,将会影响森林的生态系统。Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了园艺给孩子们带来的好处。1.G　下文“Gardeningactivitieslikedigging,planting,watering,andweedingcanstimulatemovementsofthebody,particularlyarmsandhands,andhelpchildrenlearnaboutthenaturalworld.”列举了园艺活动中与周围的自然环境的互动,并说明了它们有助于孩子们去了解自然,是对G项“Interactingwiththesurroundingnatureencouragesthelearningprocess”的具体说明,“digging,planting,watering,andweeding”照应G项中“Interactingwiththesurroundingnature”,上下文语意连贯。2.C　根据下文可知,本段主要讲园艺可以激发孩子们对自然科学的兴趣,让他们在科学学习上有一个好的开端,故C项“Childrengetaheadstartonlearningaboutscience”是本段内容的概括,适合作主题句。3.A　根据段首主题句“Plantcarefosterspatienceandresponsibility.”可知,本段讲照顾植物培养耐心和责任感,A项“Plantsneedregularandconsistentcare”承接主题句,和下文一起说明孩子们从照顾植物这件事上学到对事物要负有责任感,上下文语意连贯。4.F　上文“Theywillgladlytryvegetablesandfruittheyplantedandcultivatedthemselves.”提出孩子们会尝试自己种植的蔬菜和水果,F项“Thishelpschildrentonurtureself-confidenceandhealthydiethabits(这有助于培养孩子的自信和健康的饮食习惯)”承接上文,说明这样做的结果,句中“healthydiethabits”照应上文“vegetablesandfruittheyplantedandcultivatedthemselves”,上下文语意连贯。 5.E　根据下文定语从句“whichcontributestoparent-childrelationship.”可知,设空处会提到有助于亲子关系的事情,E项“Itprovidesgood,healthyoutdooractivityforthewholefamily”中“good,healthyoutdooractivityforthewholefamily”有助于培养亲子关系,同时照应主题句中“bondingtime”,上下文语意连贯。词汇积累:1.(A)missionn.任务,使命2.(A)intermsof就……而言3.(A)povertyn.贫穷4.(B)conveyv.表达5.(B)gratituden.感激6.(B)thrilledadj.非常兴奋,极为激动7.(D)diverseadj.不同的,各式各样的8.(D)reductionn.减少9.(D)appropriateadj.合适的10.(七选五)curiosityn.好奇心11.(七选五)contributeto有助于,促成熟词生义:1.(C)termn.术语2.(C)tracevi.追溯长难句分析:Althoughmovingtothegroundhassomeadvantagesincertainsituations,primatescanfaceproblemswhentheyleavethetrees.分析:本句为主从复合句,“Althoughmovingtothegroundhassomeadvantagesincertainsituations”为Although引导的让步状语从句;whentheyleavethetrees为when引导的时间状语从句。句意:虽然在某些情况下向地面移动有一些优势,但灵长类动物离开树木时可能会遇到问题。