山东省德州市2023届高三英语三模试题（Word版附解析）

高三英语试题2023.5本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。注意事项：1.答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。第I卷(满分65分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEliteSkatingSchooloffersgroupskatinglessonsforallagesandabilitiesaswellasprivatelessonsandgrouppackagesforschools,birthdayparties,andspecialevents.Call22169397oremailngaicerink@guestservices.comfordetailsandtoreserve.Weathercanaffectclassesatouroutdoorfacility.Weaimtokeepclassesonschedulewheneverpossible,eveninlightrainandsnow,butsafetyisourpriority.Wedonotoffermake-upclasseswhenweatherforcesclosures.Pleasewearlayered,warmclothingthatdoesn’trestrictmovement—anddon’tforgetgloves!StudentsintheLearntoSkateprogrammustwearhelmets,andwerecommendhelmetsforallbeginners.Groupclassesandprivatelessonsmaystartorend10-15minuteslateduetoicecleaningorresurfacing.HowtoregisterRegistrationforgroupclassesisavailableonline,inpersonattheSkateAdmissionandRentalBooth,bycalling2022169397,orbyemailingngaicerink@guestservices.com.Skatersmayregister15minutespriortoanongoinggrouplesson,aslongasspaceisavailable.GrouplessonfeesGrouplessonregistrationrequiresaonce-per-skater,once-per-season$16chargeforLearntoSkatemembership.Yourspaceisconfirmedoncepaymentisreceived. Onelesson:$40:30-minutewalk-ingrouplesson$75:45-minutewalk-inspecialtyclassPackages:$150:Onesession,four30-minutelessons$295:Happyhourclasspass,four45-minutelessonsGrouplessonfeesinclude:45-minutepracticetimebeforeorafterlesson(publicsession)OnehotchocolatefromthePavilionCaféMemberpacketincludingrecordbooktotrackprogressandhandbookGrouplessonsessionschedule1.Whatcanweknowabouttheskatinglessons?A.There’snoclothingrequirements.B.Iceisoftenresurfacedduringclasses.C.Theyaredesignedspeciallyforschools.D.Theymaybecanceledduetobadweather.2.Howmuchwilloneregisteringforgroupclassespayforonesession?A.$75.B.$150.C.$166.D.$295.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Apromotionalposter.B.Anewsreport.C.Atravelbrochure.D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项滑冰课程的情况，包括联系方式和收费等。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Wedonotoffermake-upclasseswhenweatherforcesclosures.(由于天气原因停课，我们不提供补课)”可知，由于天气不好，滑冰课可能会被取消。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Grouplessonregistrationrequiresaonce-per-skater,once-per-season$16chargeforLearntoSkatemembership.(团体课程注册要求每位滑冰者一次，每个赛季一次，收取16美元的学习滑冰会员资格)”以及Packages部分“$150:Onesession,four30-minutelessons(150美元：一次课程，四节30分钟的课程)”可知，报名参加团体课程的人每节课需要支付16+150=166美元。故选C。【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“EliteSkatingSchooloffersgroupskatinglessonsforallagesandabilitiesaswellasprivatelessonsandgrouppackagesforschools,birthdayparties,andspecialevents.Call22169397oremailngaicerink@guestservices.comfordetailsandtoreserve.(精英滑冰学校为所有年龄和能力提供团体滑冰课程，以及私人课程和学校，生日聚会和特殊事件的团体包。请致电22169397或电邮至ngaicerink@guestservices。网站查询详情及预订)”可推知，文章可能选自宣传海报。故选A。BForthepastthreedecades,DuDengwenhasbeenoneofthefewconnectionsbetweenresidentsinthedepthsofHupingMountainandtheoutsideworld.Hispresencealwaysbringsjoytothemountainresidents,becauseitmeanslettersorparcelsofhugesentimentalorpracticalvaluearecomingtheirway.HupingMountainischaracterizedbydeepvalleysandhundredsofdangerouspeaks.Yet,manyvillagesarescatteredacrossthemountainousarea.Thecomplexlandscapehaddeterredeffortstobuildroadsandlaydowncommunicationcables.Aroundtriptocoverallthevillagesrunsabout180km,andtheonlythingDuDengwencouldfallbackonbefore2017wasabicyclethatthepoststationoffered.Evenso,twovillagescouldonlybeaccessedoverruggedroads,uponwhichDuhadtowalk.Hehadtoclimbsteepmountainladders,crosssuspensionbridgesandthreadhiswaythroughnarrowanddangeroustrails.Du’sfamilieswereconcernedabouthissafetyandtheyadvisedhimtofindanotherjob.Buthehadclearlydevelopedaclosebondwiththelocalvillagersandrefusedtogiveuphischallengingjob.Althoughhissalaryisnotmuch,hehasgenerouslylentahelpinghandtosomevillagerstogetthroughdifficultsituationsonhiswaytodeliverthemail.Du’sactsofkindnessandgenerosityhavenotonlyendearedhimtothemountainvillagersbutalsoearnedtheirtrustandrespect.Manylocalshavecometoseehimasapillarofstrengthintheirlife.ToDu’srelief,thingshavebeenpickingupinrecentyears,asthecountryispushingforruralvitalizationstrategyandoverallpromotionofnewruralconstruction.Well-pavedroadshavebeenbuilttoconnectmostofthevillagesoffthebeatentracksinShimencounty.Forthosewholivedtoodeepinthewoods,theyhavebeenrelocatedtoplaceswitheasyaccesstopublictransportation.Hehimselfhasbenefitedfromthepositivechangestakingplaceintheruralareas.Hisoldtransportation,thebike,hasalsobecomehistory.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deterred”meaninparagraph2?A.Broughtout.B.Turnedaround.C.Heldback.D.Gonethrough.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thedifficultieshemetwhendelivering.B.Thesignificanceofhisdeliveringmails.C.Thedescriptionofthevillagesheservedfor.D.Thetransportationofferedbythepoststation. 6.WhatisthereasonforDu’srefusaltoleavehisposition?A.Thehighincomeofdeliveringmails.B.Histrustinandrespectforthelocals.C.Theconnectionbetweenhimandthelocals.D.Thegeneroushelpfromthelocalgovernment.7.WhathasmadeDu’soldbikeapastthing?A.Therelocationofpoststation.B.Thegrowthofruralconstruction.C.Thebuildingofrailwaytracks.D.Thedevelopmentofurbaneconomy.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了邮递员杜登文在过去的三十年里一直坚持在虎平山送信。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“HupingMountainischaracterizedbydeepvalleysandhundredsofdangerouspeaks.Yet,manyvillagesarescatteredacrossthemountainousarea.”以及划线词上文“Thecomplexlandscapehad”可知，虎平山的特点是深谷和数百座险峰。然而，许多村庄分散在山区。复杂的地形阻碍了修建道路和铺设通信电缆的努力。由此可知，划线词意思是“阻碍”。故选C。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Aroundtriptocoverallthevillagesrunsabout180km,andtheonlythingDuDengwencouldfallbackonbefore2017wasabicyclethatthepoststationoffered.Evenso,twovillagescouldonlybeaccessedoverruggedroads,uponwhichDuhadtowalk.Hehadtoclimbsteepmountainladders,crosssuspensionbridgesandthreadhiswaythroughnarrowanddangeroustrails.(往返所有村庄大约需要180公里，在2017年之前，杜登文唯一可以依靠的是驿站提供的自行车。即便如此，有两个村庄只能通过崎岖不平的道路进入，杜必须步行。他必须爬上陡峭的梯子，穿过悬索桥，穿过狭窄而危险的小路)”可知，第三段的主要内容是他在送货时遇到的困难。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Buthehadclearlydevelopedaclosebondwiththelocalvillagersandrefusedtogiveuphischallengingjob.(但他显然与当地村民建立了密切的关系，并拒绝放弃他具有挑战性的工作)”可知，杜拒绝离职的原因是他和当地人之间的联系。故选C。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ToDu’srelief,thingshavebeenpickingupinrecentyears,asthecountryispushingforruralvitalizationstrategyandoverallpromotionofnewruralconstruction.Well-pavedroadshavebeenbuilttoconnectmostofthevillagesoffthebeatentracksinShimencounty.Forthosewholivedtoodeepinthewoods,theyhavebeenrelocatedtoplaceswitheasyaccesstopublictransportation.Hehimselfhasbenefitedfrom thepositivechangestakingplaceintheruralareas.Hisoldtransportation,thebike,hasalsobecomehistory.(令杜宽慰的是，近年来，随着国家推动乡村振兴战略和新农村建设的全面推进，情况有所好转。石门县铺设良好的道路连接了大多数偏僻的村庄。对于那些住在森林深处的人来说，他们被重新安置到公共交通便利的地方。他自己也从农村发生的积极变化中受益。他以前的交通工具——自行车，也成为了历史)”可知，农村建设的发展让杜的旧自行车成为过去。故选B。CGeo-trackingappssuchasFindMyKidsandGoogleFamilyLinkarefastgrowinginpopularity,handingparentspowerstomonitortheirchildren.Buthowarethelatterexperiencingwhatpreviousgenerationsmighthavela-belledasaninvasionoftheirprivacy?Couldthesedevicesevenhurtyouths’senseofindependence?Wesetouttoanswerthesequestionsinourresearch,whichinvolvedaseriesofone-on-oneinterviewswithparentswhogeo-trackedtheirchildren,andteenagerswhoweregeo-tracked.Overall,theparentswhotookpartinoursurveyclaimedtheyweredriventousetheseappsnotbynosiness(多管闲事),butasenseofcareinthefaceofwhattheyperceivedasdangerousoruncertainenvironments.Knowingachild’sgeographicalpositioncannotguaranteetheirsafetywhenfacedwithanincidentinrealtime,butcheckingwheretheyarecanhelpeaseparentalfears.Otherparentssurveyedadmittedtomonitoringtheirchildrenonlyinthecaseofunansweredphonecallsorunfulfilledrequests.Ratherthanasystematicmethodofmonitoring,geo-trackingactedasa“lastresort”optionafterparentsfailedtoreachtheirchildren.Whilesometeenagersweresympathetictotheirparents’anxieties,mostofthemperceivedtheuseofgeo-trackingappsasaninvasionoftheirprivacy.Whenseenasatooltocontact,geo-trackingappearedtobequitewellacceptedbytheminoursurvey.However,mostteenagersinoursamplewereworriedabouttheirparents’useofmonitoringapps.Geo-trackingisnotwithoutitsilleffectonfamilyrelationships.Xavierforinstance,saidthatdiscoveringhewasbeingtrackedhasprofoundlyweakenedthetrustbetweenhimandhisfather.Furthermore,tensionsamongparentsandchildrenmayalsoarise,thuswideningthegapbetweenthem.Geographicalmonitoringalsodirectlychallengesyoungpeople’sneedtogointotheworldindependently,bothholdingbackteenageautonomyandgeneratingtensionsinparent-childrelationships.8.WhyarethetwoquestionsraisedforGeo-trackingappsinparagraph1?A.Todisplaytheirfunction.B.Toindicatetheirintelligence.C.Toshowtheworryaboutprivacy. D.Todescribeparents’magicpower.9.WhatmakesparentsadoptGeo-trackingappstomonitortheirkids?A.Theirdesiretomonitortheirkids.B.Theirconcernfortheirkids’safety.C.Theireagernesstoreachtheirkids.D.Theircuriosityabouttheirkids’life.10.Whatismostteenagers’attitudetowardsthemonitoringfromapps?A.Critical.B.Confused.C.Indifferent.D.Mixed.11.WhatistheimpactofGeo-trackingonfamilyties?A.Itcanmakechildrenmoredependent.B.Itmaybadlyinfluencefamilyrelationship.C.Itmayrelievethetensionwithinthefamily.D.Itcanincreasechildren’strustintheirparents.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些地理追踪应用正迅速流行起来，让父母有能力监控自己的孩子，及这些应用对家庭中亲子关系的影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Buthowarethelatterexperiencingwhatpreviousgenerationsmighthavela-belledasaninvasionoftheirprivacy?Couldthesedevicesevenhurtyouths’senseofindependence?(但后者是如何经历前几代人可能会认为是侵犯隐私的事情的呢?这些设备会伤害年轻人的独立意识吗？)”可知，这两个问题表明对孩子进行地理追踪一方面使父母更安心，却又担心有可能会侵犯到孩子的隐私，影响亲子关系，下文也是就这个问题进行调研的。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Overall,theparentswhotookpartinoursurveyclaimedtheyweredriventousetheseappsnotbynosiness(多管闲事),butasenseofcareinthefaceofwhattheyperceivedasdangerousoruncertainenvironments.Knowingachild’sgeographicalpositioncannotguaranteetheirsafetywhenfacedwithanincidentinrealtime,butcheckingwheretheyarecanhelpeaseparentalfears.(总的来说，参与我们调查的父母声称，他们使用这些应用程序不是因为爱管闲事，而是因为面对他们认为危险或不确定的环境时的一种关心感。当面对事故时，知道孩子的地理位置并不能保证他们的安全，但查看他们的位置可以帮助缓解父母的恐惧)”可知，父母接受使用对孩子的地理追踪程序是为了缓解他们对孩子的安全问题的担忧。故选B项。【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Whilesometeenagersweresympathetictotheirparents’anxieties,mostofthemperceivedtheuseofgeo-trackingappsasaninvasionoftheirprivacy.(虽然一些青少年对父母的焦虑表示同情，但他们中的大多数人认为使用地理追踪应用侵犯了他们的隐私)”及“However,mostteenagersinoursamplewereworriedabouttheirparents’useofmonitoringapps.(然而，我们样本中的大多数青少年都担心父母使用监控程序的)”可知，大多数青少年对于父母对他们使用这些监控程序是抵触的，是批评的。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Geo-trackingisnotwithoutitsilleffectonfamilyrelationships.Xavier,forinstance,saidthatdiscoveringhewasbeingtrackedhasprofoundlyweakenedthetrustbetweenhimandhisfather.Furthermore,tensionsamongparentsandchildrenmayalsoarise,thuswideningthegapbetweenthem.Geographicalmonitoringalsodirectlychallengesyoungpeople’sneedtogointotheworldindependently,bothholdingbackteenageautonomyandgeneratingtensionsinparent-childrelationships.(地理追踪对家庭关系并非没有不良影响。例如，泽维尔说，发现自己被监控大大削弱了他和父亲之间的信任。此外，父母和孩子之间的紧张关系也可能出现，从而扩大他们之间的差距。地理监测也直接挑战了年轻人独立进入世界的需求，既阻碍了青少年的自主性，也导致了亲子关系的紧张)”可知，父母使用这些地理追踪程序对家庭里亲子关系有坏的影响的，削弱信任，疏远关系，有可能导致冲突。故选B项。DWhenfloodsdestroyedBangkokmorethanadecadeago,ThailandscapearchitectVoraakhombecamedeterminedtohelphersinkinghometownfightthisdeadlyclimatethreat.“Forus,climatechangeisprimarilyawatercrisis,”shesaid.Thearchitectintegratesnatureandwaterintoherdesignstocreatelandscapesthathelpeasefloodingandaddgreenerytodenselypopulatedcities.Todate,Thailandhastriedtotackleitsfloodingproblembybuildinghigherandhigherdams.Shesaid,arguingthatthisisthewrongapproachandasolutionbasedonfear,“thecentralquestionsinkingcitieslikeBangkokneedtofocusonishowwearegoingtolivewiththewater,withoutfear.”OneofVoraakhom’smostinnovativedesignsisCentenaryPark,whichstoreslargeamountsofrainwaterandpreventsthesurroundingstreetsfromflooding.VoraakhomalsocreatedAsia’slargestrooftopfarm,SiamGreenSky,whichrecyclesfoodwastefromrestaurantsinthebuildingbelowandusesitasplantfertilizer.Thefarmalsoslowsdownandstoreslargeamountsofrainwater.InspiredbyThailand’straditionalagriculturalpractices,thearchitectcreatedalandscapewhichallowsrainwatertopourintotheherbgardens.AresearchfellowattheStockholmEnvironmentInstitute,DianeArchersaid,“ForVoraakhom’surbangreen spaces,notonlyaretheydesignedtotacklefloodingbyactingaswaterstoragespaces,buttheycontributetocleaningtheairandprovidingessentialgreenoasesinourconcretejungle,soimportantformentalandphysicalhealth.Evenatasmallscale,theseparksarebeneficialtotheresidents,andwecoulddowithmore.”Voraakhom’sdesignsandthelessonsarenowexpandingbeyondThailand.“Greenclimate-adaptedareasareagoodlong-terminvestmentforcities,”shesaid,“andthebestsolutionforthenextgeneration.”12.HowdoesVoraakhomhelpcitieswithalargepopulationtoaddressflooding?A.Bybuildinghigherandhigherdams.B.Bycounteringthefearofresidents.C.Bypaintinglandscapesforthecities.D.Byusingnatureandwaterinherdesign.13.WhatisfoodwasteinSiamGreenSkyusedtodo?A.Tostorerainwater.B.Tofertilizeherbgardens.C.Tocreatealandscape.D.Toberecycledbyrestaurants.14.WhatdoesArcherthinkofVoraakhom’sdesigns?A.Theybenefitthehealthofcitizens.B.Theydiscovergreenoasesincities.C.Theybecomethebiggestaircleaner.D.Theyincreaseconcretestorageincities.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AgriculturalpracticesinThailandB.Thailand’seffortsintacklingfloodingC.TheworkprincipleoftherooftopfarmD.Anarchitecthelpingsinkingcitiesfightflooding【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了泰国景观设计师Voraakhom将自然和水融入到她的设计中，创造出有助于缓解洪水的景观，并为人口稠密的城市增添绿化。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thearchitectintegratesnatureandwaterintoherdesignstocreatelandscapesthathelpeasefloodingandaddgreenerytodenselypopulatedcities.(建筑师将自然和水融入到她的设计中，创造出有助于缓解洪水的景观，并为人口稠密的城市增添绿化)”可知，Voraakhom通过在她的设计中使用自然和水帮助人口众多的城市应对洪水。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“VoraakhomalsocreatedAsia’slargestrooftopfarm,SiamGreenSky,whichrecyclesfoodwastefromrestaurantsinthebuildingbelowandusesitasplantfertilizer.(Voraakhomalso还创建了亚洲最大的屋顶农场SiamGreenSky，该农场回收楼下餐厅的食物垃圾，并将其用作植物肥料)”可知，Siam GreenSky的食物浪费是用来给草本花园施肥。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“AresearchfellowattheStockholmEnvironmentInstitute,DianeArchersaid,“ForVoraakhom’surbangreenspaces,notonlyaretheydesignedtotacklefloodingbyactingaswaterstoragespaces,buttheycontributetocleaningtheairandprovidingessentialgreenoasesinourconcretejungle,soimportantformentalandphysicalhealth.Evenatasmallscale,theseparksarebeneficialtotheresidents,andwecoulddowithmore.”(斯德哥尔摩环境研究所的研究员DianeArcher说：“对于沃拉霍姆的城市绿地来说，它们不仅可以作为储水空间来解决洪水问题，而且还有助于清洁空气，为我们的混凝土丛林提供必要的绿色绿洲，对身心健康非常重要。即使规模很小，这些公园也对居民有益，我们可以做得更多。”)”可知，Archer认为Voraakhom的设计有利于公民的健康。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“WhenfloodsdestroyedBangkokmorethanadecadeago,ThailandscapearchitectVoraakhombecamedeterminedtohelphersinkinghometownfightthisdeadlyclimatethreat.“Forus,climatechangeisprimarilyawatercrisis,”shesaid.(十多年前，当洪水摧毁曼谷时，泰国景观设计师Voraakhom决心帮助她下沉的家乡对抗这种致命的气候威胁。“对我们来说，气候变化主要是一场水危机，”她说)”结合文章主要介绍了泰国景观设计师Voraakhom将自然和水融入到她的设计中，创造出有助于缓解洪水的景观，并为人口稠密的城市增添绿化。可知，D选项“一位帮助下沉城市对抗洪水的建筑师”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyouareinatemper,youmakehastyill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret.Youwillalsoregretrecklesslanguagespokenwithoutthought.____16____Herearesomewaysthatyoucancombatthecausesofanger.____17____Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsdogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.Trytoacceptthatotherpeopledobehaveinwaysthatwillmakeyoubothfrustratedandangry.Often,theremightbeanexcellentreasonwhyapersonactedinawaythatyoufoundunacceptable.Realizingthatnooneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggettingangry.____18____Neitherwilltheybehaveinthesamewaythatyouwouldinagivensituation.Reactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhenfacedwithasituationthatusuallyangers.Angerisanegativereaction,butinthistypeofsituation,thereisnovalueinreactingbyformingpositive thoughts.____19____Thisway,yourangerwillnotgettheemotionalfooditneedstosurvive.Don’ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Weallgettemptedtothrowsomething,hitsomething,orscreamwhenweareangry.Youmightsayyoufeelbetterafteranangryoutburst,butthatisjusttheafter-effectoftheadrenalin(肾上腺素)yourbodyreleasedwhileyouwereangry.Areactionlikethatistheeasyway.Itismuchhardertostaycalm,towalkawayfromconflict,ortotakeadeepbreathandactnormally.____20____A.Stoptryingtomanageyouranger.B.Whatcanbedonetocontrolanger?C.Youneedtolearnnottorespondatall.D.That,however,iswhatyoumustdoifyouaretostopanger.E.Youneedtochangeyourattitudetothewaytheworldworks.F.Takingpositivestepswillhelpyouovercomefeelingsofanger.G.Also,youneedtoacceptthatnoteveryonehasthesamestandardsasyou.【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.C20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种可以帮助对抗愤怒的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyouareinatemper,youmakehastyill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret.Youwillalsoregretrecklesslanguagespokenwithoutthought.(愤怒是最具破坏性的情绪。当你脾气不好的时候，你会草率地做出你可能会后悔的决定。你也会后悔不经思考就说出鲁莽的语言)”以及后文“Herearesomewaysthatyoucancombatthecausesofanger.(这里有一些方法可以帮助你克服愤怒的根源)”可知，空处应是过渡句，由生气的坏处过渡到如何克服愤怒，所以B项“Whatcanbedonetocontrolanger?(怎样才能控制愤怒呢?)”符合文意。故选B项。【17题详解】分析设空，位于段首，是本段中心句，所以根据后文“Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsdogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.Trytoacceptthatotherpeopledobehaveinwaysthatwillmakeyoubothfrustratedandangry.Often,theremightbeanexcellentreasonwhyapersonactedinawaythatyoufoundunacceptable.(你必须接受有时事情会出错，人们并不总是可爱的。试着接受别人的行为方式会让你既沮丧又生气。通常，可能会有一个很好的理由来解释为什么一个人的行为让你无法接受)”可知，本段主要讲述了你需要改变你对世界运作方式的态度，所以E项“Youneedtochangeyourattitudetothewaytheworldworks.(你需要改变你对世界运作方式的态度)”符合文意。故选E项。【18题详解】 根据前文“Realizingthatnooneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggettingangry.(意识到人无完人是避免生气的好开始)”以及后文“Neitherwilltheybehaveinthesamewaythatyouwouldinagivensituation.(他们的行为也不会和你在特定情况下的行为一样)”可知，本段主要讲述了，不要用自己的标准去看待他人，所以G项“Also,youneedtoacceptthatnoteveryonehasthesamestandardsasyou.(此外，你需要接受并不是每个人都有和你一样的标准)”符合本段主题。故选G项。【19题详解】根据前文“Reactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhenfacedwithasituationthatusuallyangers.Angerisanegativereaction,butinthistypeofsituation,thereisnovalueinreactingbyformingpositivethoughts.(愤怒是一个很难改掉的习惯。诀窍是在面对通常令人愤怒的情况时避免做出反应。愤怒是一种消极的反应，但在这种情况下，形成积极的想法是没有价值的)”可知，本段主要讲述了不要在愤怒的情况下做出反应，所以C项“Youneedtolearnnottorespondatall.(你要学会完全不回应)”符合本段主题。故选C项。【20题详解】分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Don’ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Weallgettemptedtothrowsomething,hitsomething,orscreamwhenweareangry.Youmightsayyoufeelbetterafteranangryoutburst,butthatisjusttheafter-effectoftheadrenalin(肾上腺素)yourbodyreleasedwhileyouwereangry.Areactionlikethatistheeasyway.Itismuchhardertostaycalm,towalkawayfromconflict,ortotakeadeepbreathandactnormally.(当你生气的时候，不要轻易就范。当我们生气的时候，我们都会想要扔东西，打东西，或者尖叫。你可能会说你在生气后感觉好多了，但那只是你生气时身体释放的肾上腺素的后遗症。这样的反应很简单。要想保持冷静，远离冲突，或者深呼吸，正常行事，都要困难得多)”可知，D项“That,however,iswhatyoumustdoifyouaretostopanger.(然而，如果你要停止愤怒，那就是你必须做的)”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，总结前文。故选D项。第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ThorcametouswiththenameSterling,butitdidn’tsuithim.Therefore,we____21____himaftertheChrisHemsworthcharacterintheMarvelmovies.Withhislongblondmaneandplayfulattitude,itjustseemedto____22____.This20-year-oldHaflingerhorseismyfavoritepony,the____23____ofmychildhooddreamofhavingmyownhorse.Heisalsothebestthingthathaseverhappenedtome. We____24____Thoratabarnroughly25minutes’awaybycarfromourhome,wherehesharesafieldwithtwootherhorses.Tohelpkeephimatahealthy____25____despitetherichergrasshegrazesonhere,we____26____Thormostlyhay.Thorisvery____27____nowfromwhenIfirstgothim.Backthen,hewassobad-temperedandnearly____28____.IreadthatHaflingersareknownforneedingmuchtimetowarmuptonewowners,soIhadto____29____doinggroundworkwithhim,suchaswalkingbyhand.Overtimewedevelopeda____30____betweeneachother.Initially,Ihadno____31____todomuchmorethanwalkingaroundtheneighbouringfieldswithhim.I’mamiddle-agedrider,justcomingbacktohorsesaftera26-year____32____duetobackpain.ButonceIwas____33____ridingagain,Iwassureto____34____somecorestrength,whichwouldhelpwithmyback.I’m____35____thatThorandIhaveenoughtimeforanewriding.21.A.ranB.tookC.sawD.named22.A.stopB.appearC.fitD.change23.A.choiceB.fulfillmentC.challengeD.expectation24.A.boardB.bringC.describeD.observe25.A.weightB.sightC.moodD.brain26.A.passB.lendC.feedD.post27.A.freeB.safeC.tiredD.different28.A.unrideableB.unfortunateC.unafraidD.unhurt29.A.quitB.beginC.delayD.escape30.A.interestB.habitC.trustD.goal31.A.experienceB.intentionC.perseveranceD.right32.A.journeyB.workC.breakD.ride33.A.directlyB.regularlyC.easilyD.secretly34.A.checkedoutB.cutdownC.gaveawayD.builtup35A.gratefulB.worriedC.curiousD.interested【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.A25.A26.C27.D28.A29.B30.C31.B32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者有了自己的马，取名Thor，讲述了和Thor培养感情的过程。 【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我们以漫威电影中克里斯·赫姆斯·沃思名字命名他。A.ran奔跑；B.took带走；C.saw看见；D.named命名。根据后文“himaftertheChrisHemsworthcharacterintheMarvelmovies”指以漫威电影中克里斯·赫姆斯·沃思的名字命名他，nameafter表示“以……命名”。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他金黄色的长发和顽皮的态度，似乎很适合他。A.stop停止；B.appear出现；C.fit适合；D.change改变。根据上文“hislongblondmaneandplayfulattitude”此处指电影中Thor的名字很适合这匹马，故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这匹20岁的哈夫林格马是我最喜欢的小马，它实现了我小时候拥有自己的马的梦想。A.choice选择；B.fulfillment完成；C.challenge挑战；D.expectation期待。根据后文“ofmychildhooddreamofhavingmyownhorse”可知，这匹马实现了作者小时候拥有自己的马的梦想。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们把Thor安顿在离我们家大约25分钟车程的马棚里，它和另外两匹马共用一块田地。A.board登上，将（宠物）暂时寄养在他处；B.bring带来；C.describe描述；D.observe观察。根据后文“Thoratabarnroughly25minutes’awaybycarfromourhome”指把马安顿在马鹏，应用board。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助他保持健康的体重——尽管他在这里吃的草更丰富——我们给Thor吃的主要是干草。A.weight重量；B.sight视力；C.mood情绪；D.brain大脑。根据后文“despitetherichergrasshegrazesonhere”可知，后文提到了给他的食物，可知本句是与身体体重有关，故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助他保持健康的体重——尽管他在这里吃的草更丰富——我们给Thor吃的主要是干草。A.pass通过；B.lend借给；C.feed喂养；D.post发布。根据后文“Thormostlyhay”指给马喂干草。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Thor现在和我刚得到他的时候大不一样了。A.free自由的；B.safe安全的；C.tired疲惫的；D.different不同的。根据后文提到马从一开始的脾气坏，到和作者建立了信任关系，即变得不一样了。故选D。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候，他脾气很坏，几乎是不可驾驭的。A.unrideable不可乘骑的；B.unfortunate 不幸的；C.unafraid不怕的；D.unhurt没有受伤的。根据上文“hewassobad-temperedandnearly”可知，马的脾气很坏，不能乘骑，故选A。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我读到哈夫林格马需要很长时间来适应新主人，所以我不得不开始和它一起做一些基础工作，比如手拉手走路。A.quit停止；B.begin开始；C.delay延迟；D.escape逃走。根据后文呢“doinggroundworkwithhim,suchaswalkingbyhand”指作者开始和马培养感情。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，我们彼此之间建立了信任。A.interest兴趣；B.habit习惯；C.trust信任；D.goal目标。根据上文“Overtimewedevelopeda”可知，作者和马随着时间推移，彼此之间建立了信任。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我除了和他在邻近的田野里散步外，并没有什么别的打算。A.experience经历；B.intention意图；C.perseverance毅力；D.right权利。根据后文“todomuchmorethanwalkingaroundtheneighbouringfieldswithhim”指除了和马在邻近的田野里散步外，作者并没有什么别的打算。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一名中年骑手，由于背部疼痛中断了26年，刚刚回到马背上。A.journey旅程；B.work工作；C.break打破，中断；D.ride搭乘。根据后文“duetobackpain”可知，作者因为背疼中断了骑马。故选C。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是一旦我再次经常骑马，我肯定会建立一些核心力量，这将有助于我的背部。A.directly直接地；B.regularly定期地；C.easily容易地；D.secretly秘密地。根据上文“justcomingbacktohorses”指作者要再次经常骑马了。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是一旦我再次经常骑马，我肯定会建立一些核心力量，这将有助于我的背部。A.checkedout结账；B.cutdown减少；C.gaveaway赠送；D.builtup建立。根据后文“somecorestrength,whichwouldhelpwithmyback”指作者建立核心力量，来帮助自己骑马。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激Thor和我有足够的时间去兜风。A.grateful感谢的；B.worried担心的；C.curious好奇的；D.interested感兴趣的。根据后文“thatThorandIhaveenoughtimeforanewriding”可知，作者再次骑上了马，所以是感激Thor和自己有足够的时间去兜风。故选A。第Ⅱ卷(满分55分) 第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Harmonious,elegantandemotional,theseromanticfeaturesmakeKunquOperaoneofthemostlovedartformsinChina.BorninSuzhou,EastChina’sJiangsuprovince,KunquOperadistinguished____36____(it)bythesuperbtechniquesofitsrhythmicpatternsand____37____(become)widelypopularduringtheMingDynasty(1368-1644).DuringtheMid-AutumnFestivalinMingandQingdynasties(1644-1911),operatoursoftengatheredinSuzhou,____38____(stage)theatricalperformancesinancientChina.CombiningsongsperformedintheSuzhoudialect,____39____(grace)bodymovements,martialartsanddance,KunquOperausesa____40____(vary)ofmovementstoexpressspecificemotions.Italsopayscarefulattentiontoeachdetail.Wonderfulmovementsenliventhefingertipsandunique____41____(tune)producearichandpoeticworld.KunquOperahadadominantinfluenceonmanyformsofoperainChinathereafter,includingPekingOpera,____42____isabout200yearsold.Itishenceknown____43____themotherofallChineseoperas.AsatypicalexampleofChineseculture,storiesperformedinKunquOperahavetranscendedtimeandspace.ThePeonyPavilion,____44____(write)byplaywrightTangXianzu,whoisoftencomparedtoShakespeare,isstilllovedbyfansfromaroundtheworld.Alivingheritageis____45____endlessdialoguebetweenthepresentandthepast,andKunquOperaisacarriertopassthatlegacyon.【答案】36.itself37.became38.staging39.graceful40.variety41.tunes42.which43.as44.written45.an【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了关于昆曲的一些知识，包括它的起源、发展、特点以及对中国戏曲形式产生的影响等。【36题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：昆曲诞生于中国东部江苏省苏州市，以其精致的节奏模式而著称，并在明代（1368-1644）广受欢迎。distinguished的主语和宾语都是昆曲，故宾语用反身代词itself。故填itself。【37题详解】考查时态。句意：昆曲诞生于中国东部江苏省苏州市，以其精致的节奏模式而著称，并在明代（1368-1644）广受欢迎。由and可知，空处的动词与前文中动词distinguished构成并列关系，根据句中时间状语MingDynasty(1368-1644)（明代（1368-1644））可知，空处应使用一般过去时。故填became。【38题详解】考查非谓语。句意：明清两朝（1644-1911）的中秋节期间，戏曲团经常聚集在苏州，上演中国古代的戏剧表演。句中已有谓语gathered，空处需使用非谓语动词作状语，stage和主句主语“operagroups”之间为主动关系，应使用现在分词形式。故填staging。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：昆曲结合了苏州方言的歌曲、优美的肢体动作、武术和舞蹈，用各种各样的动作来表达特定的情感。分析句子可知，空处需使用形容词graceful“优美的”作定语修饰名词短语bodymovements。故填graceful。【40题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：昆曲结合了苏州方言的歌曲、优美的肢体动作、武术和舞蹈，用各种各样的动作来表达特定的情感。固定搭配：avarietyof，意为“各种各样的……”。故填variety。【41题详解】考查名词复数。句意：美妙的乐章使指尖充满活力，独特的旋律创造了一个丰富而诗意的世界。根据空后的谓语动词“produce”可知，空处在句中作主语，且tune为可数名词，应用复数形式表示泛指。故填tunes。【42题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：昆曲对此后中国的许多歌剧形式产生了主导影响，其中包括大约200年的京剧。分析句子可知，该句是非限制性定语从句，先行词为PekingOpera，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。【43题详解】考查固定短语。句意：因此被认为是中国所有戏曲之母。此处是固定短语beknownas，意为“被认为是”，故填as。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：牡丹亭，经典的文笔唐显祖，经常被比作莎士比亚，至今仍受到世界各地影迷的喜爱。根据句子成分，句中已有谓语is，所以此空用非谓语作后置定语，且与逻辑主语ThePeonyPavilion 为被动关系，应使用过去分词。故填written。【45题详解】考查冠词。句意：活的遗产就像现在与过去的无尽对话，昆曲是传承遗产的载体。dialogue为可数名词，表示泛指且endless为元音音素开头的词，故用不定冠词an。故填an。第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)46.假设你校英语社团举办中英文诗词朗诵大赛，你将在开幕式上主持发言。请你写一个发言稿，内容包括：1.大赛目的；2.规则和奖励；3.表示祝愿。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Ladiesandgentlemen,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】OnbehalfoftheEnglishclub,it’smygreathonortointroducetheChineseandEnglishPoetryRecitationContesttoallofyou.Inordertoarousestudents’passionforpoetryandenrichourschoollife,thestudentswhotakepartinthecontestwillreciteanEnglishoraChinesepoemandshowtheirfeelingstheywanttoconveyinthepoems.Afterahotcompetition,thefirsttenwinnerswillbechosenandgivenprizesatdifferentlevels.ThecompetitionwillofferawonderfulchanceforustohaveabetterunderstandingofChineseandEnglishclassics,stirringupourfurtherloveforChineseandEnglishculture.Hopeyouwouldperformyourselfwellandgetagoodresult.【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文写作。要求学生在校英语社团举办的中英文诗词朗诵大赛上的开幕式上主持发言，内容包括大赛目的；规则和奖励以及祝愿。【详解】1.词汇积累 荣幸：honor→privilege参与：takepartin→participatein传达：convey→deliver授予：give→award2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Afterahotcompetition,thefirsttenwinnerswillbechosenandgivenprizesatdifferentlevels.复合句：Afterahotcompetition,thefirsttenwhowinthecompetitionwillbechosenandgivenprizesatdifferentlevels.【点睛】【高分句型1】Inordertoarousestudents’passionforpoetryandenrichourschoollife,thestudentswhotakepartinthecontestwillreciteanEnglishoraChinesepoemandshowtheirfeelingstheywanttoconveyinthepoems.（运用了who引导的定语从句）【高分句型2】ThecompetitionwillofferawonderfulchanceforustohaveabetterunderstandingofChineseandEnglishclassics,stirringupourfurtherloveforChineseandEnglishculture.（运用了现在分词作状语）第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。ReturnsWhenIsawmymotheratherhomelastmonth,itwasahotSunday.Itravelledtherebytrain.Asthetrainreduceditsspeed,IknewIwasgoingtoseeher.Leavingthestation,IheadedtothetowncenterwhereIboughtcakes—thekindsheusedtotellmetobringhome.AndIboughtacat,whichIthinkcanaccompanyherforalongtime.UntilIgothome,Ididn’tthinkanythingbesides,I’mgoingtoseeheragainandshe’swaitingforme.Iknockedonthenarrowdooroftheground-floorapartment.Shecalledout,“Yes.Comein!”“Youshouldlockthedoor!”“Iknewitwasyou.There’snooneelseitcouldhavebeen.”Whenshesawthecat,shewasverypleasedasifitweremykid.Shetookthecakes,alittleuneasy,butthankedmewithahappytonetohervoice.That’sbecauseshehadalreadyboughtsomeforusonherwaybackhome.Shewaslaughing,standingbythetable.Sheputherhandonmyshoulder,tiltingherfaceupformetokiss.Atthesametime,shewasfiringoffquestionsaboutmytrip,mychildren,myhusband,mywork...Wesatoppositeeachotheratthetablethat,alongwiththemealshehadalreadypreparedforme,almostfilledherapartment.Sheboughtitbig—itcanseatatleasttenpeople!Butinsixyears,notonce... Aftermeal,shetriedtocomeupwithmoresubjectsofconversation,sothatIwouldn’tgotoosoon,leavingheralonewithherdesireforme,herlongingtolivewithme,herdaughter,forever.Meanwhile,thecatapproachedus,whichkeptusbusyforalongtime—watchingit,takingturnsholdingit...Mymotherwasthehappiestshe’dbeensinceIgothome.SheseemedtohaveforgottenthatIwasgoingtoleave.注意：续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。It’stimeformetosaygoodbyetoher.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Amonthlater,I,alongwithmyhusbandandkids,camebacktovisitmymother.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】It’stimeformetosaygoodbyetoher.Afterkissingmeatthedoor,shetriedtokeeptalking.Lastimageofher:inthedoorway,roundedarmsframingherheavysilhouetteinayellowdress—herprettiestone,tightaroundthechestandthebelly—awide,fixedsmile.Thistime,onceagain,IfeltthatIwasleavingbadly,inacowardlyway.Onthetrain,Icouldn’thelpimaginingher,washingthedishesinasolitarysilence,allsignofmypresencesoonerased.Amonthlater,I,alongwithmyhusbandandkids,camebacktovisitmymother.Unfortunately,wewerenotabletogettogetherathome.ShehadsufferedsunstrokeafterMassandhadbeenadmittedtothehospitalinthetown.Iairedoutherapartment,retrievedpaperworkfromherbuffetandthrewouttheperishablesinherfridge.Inthevegetabledrawer,inaplasticbagthatwasknottedatthetop,werethegooseberriesIhadforgottentotaketheprevioustime,nowjustabrown,liquidheap.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者坐着火车回家看望妈妈，作者为妈妈买了蛋糕，带回来一只猫，希望猫可以陪伴妈妈，妈妈看到猫的时候很高兴，妈妈问了一些关于作者的旅行、孩子、丈夫、工作的问题，吃完饭后作者妈妈试着多找些话题聊，免得作者走得太快，她希望作者可以永远和她生活在一 起，作者和妈妈一起跟猫玩儿，妈妈似乎忘了作者要离开了。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我该和她说再见了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在离开后想象妈妈的样子。②由第二段首句内容“一个月后，我带着丈夫和孩子们回来看望母亲。”可知，第二段可描写作者帮妈妈打扫的时候的发现。2.续写线索：离别时刻——妈妈一直说话——离开后想象妈妈的样子——妈妈住院——打扫公寓——清理冰箱——发现醋栗3.词汇激活行为类①想象：imagine/picture②住院：beadmittedtothehospital/behospitalized③扔掉：throwout/throwaway情绪类①灿烂的笑：widesmile/sunshinelaughter②懦弱：cowardly/spineless【点睛】[高分句型1]Thistime,onceagain,IfeltthatIwasleavingbadly,inacowardlyway.(由that引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Inthevegetabledrawer,inaplasticbagthatwasknottedatthetop,werethegooseberriesIhadforgottentotaketheprevioustime,nowjustabrown,liquidheap.(由that引导的限制性定语从句和省略关系代词引导的限制性定语从句)