山东省德州市2022-2023学年高三英语上学期11月期中试题（Word版附解析）

高三英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inalab.B.Inabookstore.C.Inarestaurant.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Topromoteaphoneservice.B.ToinformStewartofhisphonebill.C.ToshareapieceofnewswithStewart.3.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthemanandthewoman?A.Waitressandcustomer.B.Bossandemployee.C.Hostessandguest.4.Howmuchhasthemanpaidthewomanbackintotal?A.70dollars.B.50dollars.C.10dollars.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Seeingadoctor.B.Watchingamovie.C.Playingavideogame.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.Whatdoesthegirlneed?A.Aneraser.B.Aruler.C.Apen.7.Whowillhelpthegirltogetwhatshewants?A.Theman.B.Hermom.C.Herbrother.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whathasthelittleboylearned?A.Walking.B.Talking.C.Swimming.9.Whichanimaldoestheboydislike?A.Thecat.B.Theparrot.C.Thedog.10.Howmanypeoplearethereintheman’sfamily?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthemandoing?A.Hostingaradioprogram.B.Speakingataconference.C.Conductingajobinterview.12.WhatisthefirststepforAbigaltorealizeherdream?A.Raisingenoughmoney.B.Earningadrivinglicense.C.Workingoutaspecificplan.13.WhowillAbigaltalkaboutnextprobably?A.Hermother.B.Hersister.C.Herteacher.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Howdoesthewomanfeelatthebeginning?A.Curious.B.Bored.C.Scared.15.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Sewadress.B.Readabook.C.Paintapicture.16.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.SurftheInternet.B.Playagame.C.Makeameal.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.WhatdidAndylikebestasaboy?A.Writingstories.B.Takingphotos.C.Traininganimals.18.WheredidAndygethisinspiration?A.Histextbooks.B.Hisfriends.C.Hislifeonthefarm.19.HowoldwasAndywhenhisgrandfathergotsick?A.Fiveyearsold.B.Tenyearsold.C.Fifteenyearsold.20.WhatdidAndydowhenhisgrandfatherwassick?A.Hereadthestoriestohisgrandfather.B.Hetoldhisgrandfatherthelatestnews.C.Hehelpedtotakecareofthefarm.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThiswasgoingtobeayearofgreatjazzcentennials(百年纪念)for1920markedthebirthofseveraljazzmusicianswhoeitherchangedthecourseofthemusicordeeplyenrichedit.Solet’sraiseaglasstosomeofthem:CharlieParker(August29,1920-March12,1955)Ofallthejazzlanguagesthatcoursedthroughthe20thcentury,noonedidmorethanParker,forhedevelopedcompleximprovisationalmethodsthattransformedthewaymusiciansunderstandharmonyanddissonance.ThefactthatParkeralsohappenedtobeamostinfluentialsaxophoneplayerbroadenedthescopeofhisachievements.DaveBrubeck(December6,1920-December5,2012)Earlyinhislongcareer,pianist-composerBrubeckwaslaughedatbysomejazzlovers.Howcouldamusiciansopopularamongthemassespossiblyhaveanythingtoofferthosewhoconsideredthemselves“masters”?Thejokewasonthem,ofcourse,asBrubeck’smusicwasfilledwithnewideasinrhythm,embracingelementsofWestern classicalmusic.NooneplayedthepianoquitethewayBrubeckdid.ClarkTerry(December14,1920-February21,2015)Somemusiciansareatleastasimportantfortheinfluencetheyhaveonothersasforthemusictheycreatethemselves.TrumpetmasterssuchasMilesDavishavecreditedTerryforhavingencouragedthemintheearliestdaysoftheircareers.Terry’sworkontrumpetaffectedthosetrumpetersanduncountedothers.PeggyLee(May26,1920-January21,2002)Singer-songwriterLeeprovedthatavocalistneedn’tshouttobeheardaroundtheworld.Hersoftvocalsdelightedjazzdevoteesandbroughtthemusictohugeaudiencesacrossthedecades,thankstohitrecordingssuchas“Fever”and“IsThatAllThereIs?”Therewerenovocalskillsinvolved.Instead,Leetaughtthejazzworldthebeautyofsayingeverythingwithafewwell-chosennotes.1.Whochangedthewaymusiciansunderstandharmonyanddissonance?A.CharlieParker.B.DaveBrubeck.C.ClarkTerry.D.PeggyLee.2.WhywasBrubecklookeddownuponby“masters”?A.Heplayedmusicforalongertime.B.Theydidn’trecognizehisexcellence.C.Heplayedthepianoinatraditionalway.D.Theyhadnothingtolearnfromhim.3.WhatisspecialaboutPeggyLee?A.Heruniquepianoplaying.B.Hergreatinfluenceonothers.C.Herbeautifulsingingvoice.D.Hermixtureofwesternmusic.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍四个爵士音乐家。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据CharlieParker部分中“Ofallthejazzlanguagesthatcoursedthroughthe20thcentury,no onedidmorethanParker,forhedevelopedcompleximprovisationalmethodsthattransformedthewaymusiciansunderstandharmonyanddissonance.(在贯穿整个20世纪的所有爵士乐语言中，没有人比帕克做得更多，因为他发展了复杂的即兴演奏方法，改变了音乐家理解和声和不和谐音的方式)”可知，CharlieParker改变了音乐家对和声和不和谐音的理解。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Earlyinhislongcareer,pianist-composerBrubeckwaslaughedatbysomejazzlovers.Howcouldamusiciansopopularamongthemassespossiblyhaveanythingtoofferthosewhoconsideredthemselves“masters”?(在他漫长的职业生涯早期，钢琴家兼作曲家布鲁贝克曾被一些爵士爱好者嘲笑。一个如此受大众欢迎的音乐家怎么可能对那些自认为是“大师”的人有所贡献呢？)”可知，布鲁贝克被“大师”瞧不起是因为他们不承认他的优秀。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hersoftvocalsdelightedjazzdevoteesandbroughtthemusictohugeaudiencesacrossthedecades,thankstohitrecordingssuchas“Fever”and“IsThatAllThereIs?”(她柔和的嗓音令爵士乐爱好者欢欣鼓舞，并在几十年里将爵士乐带给大量听众，这要归功于《狂热》和《这就是一切吗？》等热门唱片)”可知，佩吉·李有美丽的歌声。故选C。BAmanwearingsunglassesgrabsthemicandstandsinarelaxedposturereadytomaketheaudiencelaugh.Seeinghoweasilyhemoves,onecanhardlynoticethatthestylishcomedian,GaoXiang,hasanyproblemswithvision.Gaowasdiagnosedwiththerareeyedisease—Stargardt.Initially,herefusedtoacceptthecruelsituation.Hekeptescapingthefactuntil2013,whenhecouldusethecomputermoreefficientlywiththehelpofspecialprogramsdesignedtohelpvisuallydisabledpeople.Consequently,hegotthecouragetobefrankabouthisandfoundthatpeopledidn’tcareabouttheproblemashehadimagined.Hisworkingabilityalsohelpedremoveanyfeelingsofinferioritythathehad.Hetriedtobecomementallystrongertoacceptrealityandgethislifebackontrack.Twoyearsago,hedecidedtobecomeafull-timestand-upcomedian.WhathasbeenmotivatingGaotobesoactiveinthecomedyindustryishiseagernesstodrawthepublic’sattentiontothedisease.“Asitisararedisease,medicalinstitutionsandcompaniesmightlackthedrivingforcetomakegreateffortstofindacure,”hesays.“IwanttounitethepatientsinChinaandvoiceoutloudoururgentdemands.”Besides,heandtwofriendslaunchedapublicaccountonWeChatcalledStargardtCareCenter,throughwhichtheyshareinspiringstoriesofpeoplesufferingfromtheeyedisorder,instructionsforthoseonhowtouse computersandtranslationsofforeignessaysthatexplorethepossibilitiesofcuringthedisease.Bynow,theaccounthasmanagedtoattractmorethan1,000Stargardtpatientsandtheirfamilymembers.AndsomeNon-GovernmentalOrganisationsalsohavegotintouchwiththemtoseeiftheycouldprovidehelptothecommunity.“Stand-upcomedyhassavedmeandenabledmetomeetinterestingpeopleanddowhatisworthdoing,”Gaosays.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inferiority”inparagraph2mean?A.Beingproud.B.Beingbored.C.Beingunconfident.D.Beingmodest.5.WhatdroveGaotobecomeacomedian?A.Hiseagernessformoney.B.Hisfaithinchallenginghimself.C.Hisabilityinperformance.D.Hisdesiretofightthedisease.6.WhatcanpeopledowiththeGao’spublicaccount?A.Thevisuallydisabledcanlearncomputerskills.B.Expertscanprovidemedicalhelpforthepatients.C.Patientscanreadoriginalarticlesaboutthedisease.D.Comedianscanpostjokestomeetinterestingpeople.7.WhichofthefollowingcouldbestdescribeGaoXiang?A.Sensibleandtolerant.B.Positiveandinspiring.C.Talentedandaggressive.D.Enthusiasticandpunctual.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了高翔虽然患有眼疾但是凭借乐观积极的人生态度，成为了一名全职单口相声演员，还建立了公众号来帮助视障人士。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Hetriedtobecomementallystrongertoacceptrealityandgethislifebackontrack.(他试图在心理上变得更坚强，以接受现实，让他的生活回到正轨)”可知，他试图在心理上变得更坚强，以接受现实，说明他的工作能力也帮助他消除了不自信的感觉。故画线词意思是“不自信”。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Twoyearsago,hedecidedtobecomeafull-timestand-upcomedian.WhathasbeenmotivatingGaotobesoactiveinthecomedyindustryishiseagernesstodrawthepublic’sattentiontothedisease.“Asitisararedisease,medicalinstitutionsandcompaniesmightlackthedrivingforcetomakegreateffortstofind acure,”hesays.“IwanttounitethepatientsinChinaandvoiceoutloudoururgentdemands.”(两年前，他决定成为一名全职单口相声演员。促使在喜剧界如此活跃的原因是他渴望引起公众对这种疾病的关注。他说：“由于这是一种罕见的疾病，医疗机构和公司可能缺乏努力寻找治疗方法的动力。我想团结中国的患者，大声说出我们的迫切要求。”)”可知，与疾病作斗争的愿望驱使高成为一名喜剧演员。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Besides,heandtwofriendslaunchedapublicaccountonWeChatcalledStargardtCareCenter,throughwhichtheyshareinspiringstoriesofpeoplesufferingfromtheeyedisorder,instructionsforthoseonhowtousecomputersandtranslationsofforeignessaysthatexplorethepossibilitiesofcuringthedisease.(此外，他和两个朋友还在微信上开设了一个名为StargardtCareCenter的公众号，分享患有这种眼病的人的励志故事、如何使用电脑的指导，以及探索治愈这种疾病可能性的外国文章的翻译)”可知，视障人士可以用高的公众号学习电脑技能。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Besides,heandtwofriendslaunchedapublicaccountonWeChatcalledStargardtCareCenter,throughwhichtheyshareinspiringstoriesofpeoplesufferingfromtheeyedisorder,instructionsforthoseonhowtousecomputersandtranslationsofforeignessaysthatexplorethepossibilitiesofcuringthedisease.(此外，他和两个朋友还在微信上开设了一个名为StargardtCareCenter的公众号，分享患有这种眼病的人的励志故事、如何使用电脑的指导，以及探索治愈这种疾病可能性的外国文章的翻译)”及最后一段““Stand-upcomedyhassavedmeandenabledmetomeetinterestingpeopleanddowhatisworthdoing,”Gaosays.(“单口相声拯救了我，让我认识了有趣的人，做了值得做的事，”高说)”可知，高翔积极乐观且鼓舞人心。故选B。CWhereshouldyoulive?Howshouldyouspendyourtime?Forcenturies,peoplehavereliedontheirinstinctstofigureouttheanswerstotheselife-changingquestions.Butthereisabetterwaynow.Wearelivingthroughadataexplosion,asvastamountsofinformationaboutallaspectsofhumanbehaviourhavebecomemoreandmoreaccessible.Wecanusethisbigdatatohelpdeterminethebestcoursetochart.Researchershavefoundalgorithmscanbemuchbetterthanpeopleatmakingdifficultdecisions.Thepowerofdataanalysishasbeenprovedinthesportsandbusinessworlds,too.AsmadefamousbythebookandmovieMoneyball,baseballteamsfoundthatalgorithmswerebetterthanmanagersatpickingstrategies.Butstatshavehadsurprisinglylittleimpactonourpersonallives.Onemajorproblemisthatgooddataaboutlife’sbiggestpersonalquestionshasbeendifficulttogain.Considerthisquestion:whatmakespeoplehappy?Some haverevealedtheactivitiesthatprovidefarmoreenjoymentthanmostofuswouldhaveguessed,suchasexercising,goingtoamuseumandgardening.Thentherearethethingsthatgiveuslesspleasurethanwemightassume,suchasplayingvideogames,watchingTVandbrowsingtheInternet.Anotherwaytobehappierismovinghouse.Theyfoundthatwhenpeoplemovedfromanunhappycitytoahappierplace,theiroverallmoodimproved.Thereareearlydaysofthedatarevolutioninpersonaldecision-making.Astudyoftensofmillionsofchildrenhasfoundtheplacesthatincreasetheirfutureearningsmost.Anothershowscertaincitiescanimproveone’slifeexpectancy.Iamnotclaimingthatwecancompletelybaseourlifestylechoicesonalgorithms,thoughwemightgettothatpointinthefuture.Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdecision-makingbyconsultingevidencefrommillionsofpeoplewhofaceddilemmassimilartooursviabigdata.8.Howcanpeoplemakebetterdecisionsnow?A.Bydoingplentyofinterviews.B.Byrelyingonaccessiblebigdata.C.Byusingcommonsenseoflife.D.Byfollowingothers’lifebehavior.9.WhyisthemovieMoneyballmentionedinparagraph2?A.Tosuggestmanagershandletheirplayers.B.Toinformdatacanimproveplayers’skills.C.Toshowbaseballispopularinsportsworld.D.Toprovealgorithmscanmakebetterdecisions.10.Whatmakespeoplehappierthanweguessaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Visitingamuseum.B.SurfingtheInternet.C.Playingvideogames.D.Movingtoabiggercity.11.Whatdoestheauthorconcludeintheend?A.Thebigdatacanincreaseourfutureearnings.B.Thebigdatacanprolongourlifeexpectancy.C.Wecanimprovedecision-makingviabigdata.D.Wecandevelopourlifestyleindifferentways.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们现在可以依靠可访问的大数据，做出更好的决定。研究人员发现，在做出艰难决定时，算法可能比人好得多。通过大数据，我们可以从数百万面临与我们类似困境的人那里获取证据，从而极大地改善我们的决策。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Whereshouldyoulive?Howshouldyouspendyourtime?Forcenturies,peoplehavereliedontheirinstinctstofigureouttheanswerstotheselife-changingquestions.Butthereisabetterwaynow.Wearelivingthroughadataexplosion,asvastamountsofinformationaboutallaspectsofhumanbehaviourhave becomemoreandmoreaccessible.(你应该住在哪里?你应该如何利用你的时间？几个世纪以来，人们一直依靠自己的直觉来寻找这些改变人生的问题的答案。但现在有一个更好的办法。我们正生活在一个数据爆炸的时代，大量关于人类行为方方面面的信息变得越来越容易获取)”可知，人们现在可以依靠可访问的大数据，做出更好的决定。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Researchershavefoundalgorithmscanbemuchbetterthanpeopleatmakingdifficultdecisions.Thepowerofdataanalysishasbeenprovedinthesportsandbusinessworlds,too.AsmadefamousbythebookandmovieMoneyball,baseballteamsfoundthatalgorithmswerebetterthanmanagersatpickingstrategies.(研究人员发现，在做出艰难决定时，算法可能比人好得多。数据分析的力量在体育和商业领域也得到了证明。正如因书和电影《点球成金》而出名的那样，棒球队发现算法在选择策略方面比管理者更好)”可推知，第二段提到电影《点球成金》是为了证明算法可以做出更好的决策。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Somehaverevealedtheactivitiesthatprovidefarmoreenjoymentthanmostofuswouldhaveguessed,suchasexercising,goingtoamuseumandgardening.(一些研究显示，锻炼、参观博物馆和园艺等活动所带来的乐趣远远超过我们大多数人的想象)”可知，参观博物馆让人们比我们猜测的更幸福。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Iamclaiminginsteadthatwecanalldramaticallyimproveourdecision-makingbyconsultingevidencefrommillionsofpeoplewhofaceddilemmassimilartooursviabigdata.(相反，我想说的是，通过大数据，我们可以从数百万面临与我们类似困境的人那里获取证据，从而极大地改善我们的决策)”可推知，最后的结论是我们可以通过大数据来改善决策。故选C。DWhileitmaysoundlikesomethingthathascrawledoutofyournightmares,cyborgcockroaches(蟑螂)havearrivedasfriendsratherthanfoes.Scientistshavedesignedanewremotecontrolledinsect,equippedwithabattery“backpack”thatispoweredbysolarpanels.Thecockroach,whichispartinsectandpartmachine,isintendedtoenterdangerousareas,monitortheenvironmentorundertakesearchandrescuemissionswithoutbeingrecharged.Theresearchershadtoinstallsomecomponentsintoatinypacktoallowforthecockroach’snaturalmovements.Thecockroachesarestillalive,butsensoryorgansattachedtotheendoftheirbodiessendelectricalimpulsesthatcausetheinsecttomoverightorleft.Abatteryisnecessaryforthesendingandreceivingoftheseelectricalsignals,whichneedstobechargedup.Whileit’spossibletobuilddockingstationsforrechargingthebattery,they needtoreturnanditcoulddisrupttime-sensitivemissions.Tosolvethetoughproblem,theteamwantedtocreateamorepracticalversionthatdoesnotneedtoreturntoadockingstationwhenitrunsoutofpower.Therefore,theydesignedanon-boardsolarcellthatcouldcontinuouslyensurethatthecockroachstayschargedwhileitworks.However,cockroacheshavealimitedsurfaceareaavailableforallthecomponentsnecessarytomoveitslegsandkeepitpowered.Thesolutionwastodesignaspecial“backpack”thatcouldneatlycarryboththewirelessleg-controlmoduleandrechargeablebattery.Thiswasattachedtothetopoftheinsectonitsfront,andwas3Dprintedtofitperfectlytothecurvedsurfaceofcockroach.Itallowedforthiselectronicdevicetobestablyfixedontheinsectforoveramonth,whileleavingenoughspacetoimplantthesolarpanel.Famouslyabletosurviveanuclearwar,cockroacheshavebeentheinspirationforanumberoftechnologiesinrecentyears.Differentteamsofscientistshavedesignedremote-controlledrobo-bugsthatcanclimbwalls,carryobjectsandfindhumansduringsearch-and-rescuemissions.12.Whatisacyborgcockroach?A.Atinybackpackwithasolarpanel.B.Arobotworkingasapowerstation.C.Akindofbugdiscoveredbyscientists.D.Aninsectremote-controlledbyhumans.13.Whatisabigchallengetocreatecyborgcockroaches?A.Thecomponentsaretoosmall.B.Rechargingcandelayurgenttasks.C.Sendingelectricalimpulsesisdangerous.D.Theirorganscan’treceivesignalstimely.14.Whatdoweknowaboutthecyborgcockroachesinparagraph4?A.Thespecialbackpackisfixedontheirlegs.B.3Dprintingsolvesallproblemsperfectly.C.Theyhavealimitedsurfacetostorepower.D.Theycanstillgetchargedwhileworking.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ASolarPoweredCockroachB.TheFutureofRescueMissionC.NewRechargedSolarPanelsD.Cockroaches’SpecialBackpack【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“太阳能蟑螂”，这种蟑螂半昆虫半机器，用来进入危险区域、监测环境或执行搜索和救援任务而不需要充电。文章介绍了其工作方式以及作用。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Scientistshavedesignedanewremotecontrolledinsect,equippedwithabattery“backpack”thatispoweredbysolarpanels.(科学家们设计了一种新的遥控昆虫，它配有一个由太阳能电池板供电的电池“背包”)”可知，电子蟑螂是由人类遥控的昆虫。故选D。 【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whileit’spossibletobuilddockingstationsforrechargingthebattery,theyneedtoreturnanditcoulddisrupttime-sensitivemissions.Tosolvethetoughproblem,theteamwantedtocreateamorepracticalversionthatdoesnotneedtoreturntoadockingstationwhenitrunsoutofpower.(虽然可以建造对接站为电池充电，但它们需要返回，这可能会打乱时间敏感的任务。为了解决这个棘手的问题，该团队希望创造一个更实用的版本，在电源耗尽时不需要返回坞站)”可知，制造电子蟑螂的最大挑战是充电会延迟紧急任务。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Therefore,theydesignedanon-boardsolarcellthatcouldcontinuouslyensurethatthecockroachstayschargedwhileitworks.(因此，他们设计了一种机载太阳能电池，可以持续确保蟑螂在工作时保持充电状态)”可知，半机械蟑螂在工作时仍然可以充电。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Scientistshavedesignedanewremotecontrolledinsect,equippedwithabattery“backpack”thatispoweredbysolarpanels.(科学家们设计了一种新的遥控昆虫，它配有一个由太阳能电池板供电的电池“背包”)”结合文章主要介绍了“太阳能蟑螂”，这种蟑螂半昆虫半机器，用来进入危险区域、监测环境或执行搜索和救援任务而不需要充电。文章介绍了其工作方式以及作用。由此可知，A选项“太阳能蟑螂”最符合文章标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HikingforBeginnersHikingisawonderfulwaytoimmerseyourselfintheoutdoors.Transportedbyyourowntwofeetandcarryingonlywhatyouneedforthedayonyourback,youcandiscoverthebeautyofnatureatwhateverpaceyou’recomfortablewith.___16___Ifyouhavefriendswhohike,askthemtotakeyouonalongwalk.Mostpeoplearehappytosharetheirexpertknowledge,letyouborrowgear(装备)andintroducestarterstotheirfavoritetrails.Ifyoudon’tknowanyhikers,manycitiesandtownshavehikingclubsthatregularlyplanoutings.___17___Onlinegroupsarealsoagreatwaytofindhikingfriends.Experiencingtheoutdoorsbyyourselfcangiveyouasenseoffreedomandadventurethatarehardtofindelsewhere.___18___Werecommendfindingacompaniontokeepyoucompany.Thatpersonwillalsobetheretolendahandifyouhappentogethurt.___19___Guidebooksandwebsitesaregreatresourcesbecauseyoucangetalltheinformationyouneed:trail difficulty,distance,directions,watersources,andtrailfeatures.Ifyouhavehikingfriends,askthemforsomelocations.Contactalocalhikingorganizationorcallarangerstation(护林站)intheareawhereyouwanttohike.Beforeyoustartyoursearchfortheperfecthike,it’shelpfultothinkthroughafewthings,suchas:howmuchtimeyouhave,especiallytimeofyearandweather.___20___Ifit’sfallandthesunissettingearlier,planaccordinglysoyou’renotcaughtoutafterdarkunexpectedly.Alwayschecktheweatherforecastbeforeheadingoutsoyoucandressandpackappropriately.A.Youcangoforahikealoneoringroups.B.Butitcanalsobehair-raisingandlonelyattimes.C.Youcanfindhikingclasses,outingsandeventsthroughthem.D.Themostsignificanthikingbenefitisforaperson’smentalwell-being.E.Thereareseveraleasywaystofindahikingtrailthatwillmeetyourneeds.F.Sometrailswon’tbeaccessibleinearlyspringbecausethey’recoveredinsnow.G.And,withalittleplanningandpreparation,it’sanactivityalmostanyonecando.【答案】16.G17.C18.B19.E20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要给徒步旅行的新手提出了一些建议和方法。【16题详解】根据上文“Hikingisawonderfulwaytoimmerseyourselfintheoutdoors.Transportedbyyourowntwofeetandcarryingonlywhatyouneedforthedayonyourback,youcandiscoverthebeautyofnatureatwhateverpaceyou’recomfortablewith.(徒步旅行是一种让自己沉浸在户外的好方法。用你自己的两只脚运输，只背一天所需的东西，你可以发现大自然的美丽，以任何你喜欢的节奏)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明徒步旅行的优点，故G选项“而且，只要做一点计划和准备，这是一项几乎任何人都能做的活动”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Ifyoudon’tknowanyhikers,manycitiesandtownshavehikingclubsthatregularlyplanoutings.(如果你不认识任何徒步者，许多城市和城镇都有徒步俱乐部定期计划远足)”可知，上文提到寻找俱乐部，故本句说明这些俱乐部的作用：可以通过它们找到徒步旅行课程、郊游和活动。故C选项“你可以通过它们找到徒步旅行课程、郊游和活动”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“Experiencingtheoutdoorsbyyourselfcangiveyouasenseoffreedomandadventurethatarehardtofindelsewhere.(独自体验户外活动可以给你在其他地方难以找到的自由和冒险感)”以及后文“We recommendfindingacompaniontokeepyoucompany.Thatpersonwillalsobetheretolendahandifyouhappentogethurt.(我们建议找一个同伴陪伴你。如果你碰巧受伤了，那个人也会在那里伸出援手)”可知，上文提到独自体验户外活动，后文则说寻找同伴，故本句与后文构成转折，指出独自外出的缺点：有时也会令人毛骨悚然和孤独。故B选项“但它有时也会令人毛骨悚然和孤独”符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】根据后文“Guidebooksandwebsitesaregreatresourcesbecauseyoucangetalltheinformationyouneed:traildifficulty,distance,directions,watersources,andtrailfeatures.Ifyouhavehikingfriends,askthemforsomelocations.Contactalocalhikingorganizationorcallarangerstation(护林站)intheareawhereyouwanttohike.(指南和网站是很好的资源，因为你可以得到所有你需要的信息：路线的难度，距离，方向，水源和路线特征。如果你有徒步旅行的朋友，问他们一些地点。联系当地的徒步组织或打电话给你想徒步的地区的护林员站)”可知，本段主要列举了找到徒步路线的方法，故E选项“有几种简单的方法可以找到满足你需求的徒步路线”符合语境，故选E。【20题详解】根据后文“Ifit’sfallandthesunissettingearlier,planaccordinglysoyou’renotcaughtoutafterdarkunexpectedly.(如果是秋天，太阳落山得更早，要做好相应的计划，这样你就不会在天黑后意外外出)”可知，后文提到了秋天外出的注意事项。由此可知，本句也是关于季节的注意事项。故F选项“一些小径在早春不能通行，因为它们被雪覆盖了”符合语境，故选F。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnAug.5,Favorinworkedintheyardandwatchedhisgranddaughter.Intheafternoon,hetookabreakandwentdownstairstodohiseach-dayexercise,ahighintensityinterval____21____.Oneminuteonandoneminuteoff,hehadbeen____22____eachdayforafewmonthsandforthemosthalf,feltfairlygooddoingit.Butthatday,whenhedidexercise____23____,hebeganfeelingdangerous.Hecouldn’tcarryhisarmsabovehisshouldersandfeltacheinhischest.He____24____hewashavingaheartattack.Withouthisphoneonhim,Favorinslowlywalkedtohisneighbors’door,rangtheirdoorbelland____25____inoppositiontotheporchrailing(门廊的栏杆).Then,hemisplacedhisgraspontherailingand____26____.Insidethehome,ChrisandRachel,afirefighterandanurse,hadbeenhavingfun____27____withanuncommondaywithoutwork.Chrischeckedoutthe____28____fromthedoorbellandnoticeditwastheirneighbor,Favorin,andheseemedtobein____29____.Theywenttothedoorand____30____Favorinonthefloor.ChrisandRachelareprofessionalsandstartedCPR(心肺复苏),makinguseoftheir____31____andtalenttosavehislife. Theyreferredto911andtookturnsdoing____32____chestcompressionsandcheckinghispulse.EMSarrivedinsixminutes.Rachelrodewiththeirneighborintheambulance.Anotherneighbortookhisgranddaughterwillingly.Favorinwasinhospitalfortwodays.Heappearstohave____33____nicely.Talkingtohim,you’llbynomeansguessthat,justsomedaysearlierthan,hewascloseto____34____.Themedicaldoctors____35____himthatthefastmotionbyChrisandRachelsavedhislife.21.A.faithB.routineC.destinationD.journey22.A.showingoffB.stayinginC.figuringoutD.hangingout23.A.anywayB.halfwayC.somehowD.either24.A.supposedB.promisedC.hesitatedD.pretended25.A.skippedB.returnedC.escapedD.leaned26.A.disappearedB.abandonedC.collapsedD.survived27.A.collectivelyB.curiouslyC.secretlyD.roughly28.A.switchB.clueC.signD.video29.A.surpriseB.miseryC.considerationD.confidence30.A.locatedB.exposedC.ignoredD.covered31.A.consultingB.mendingC.coachingD.driving32.A.additionalB.conventionalC.occasionalD.optional33.A.preparedB.adaptedC.respondedD.recovered34.A.deathB.hopeC.courageD.chance35.A.warnedB.remindedC.informedD.persuaded【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.D26.C27.A28.D29.B30.A31.C32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Favorin在日常锻炼时，心脏病发作，多亏了两位邻居的及时救助，挽救了他的生命。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：下午，他休息一下，下楼做他每天的运动，一种高强度间歇训练。A.faith信念；B.routine日常；C.destination目的地；D.journey旅程。根据上文“dohiseach-dayexercise”可知，每天运动是他的日常。故选B。【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：几个月来，他每天都在计算一分钟，一分钟休息，在大部分时间里，他感觉做得很好。A.showingoff炫耀；B.stayingin呆在家；C.figuringout弄清楚，计算；D.hangingout闲逛。根据上文“Oneminuteonandoneminuteoff”可知他在计算时间，故选C。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是那天，当他做了一半的运动时，他开始感到危险。A.anyway无论如何；B.halfway在中途；C.somehow不知怎么；D.either两者中的一个。根据后文“Hecouldn’tcarryhisarmsabovehisshouldersandfeltacheinhischest.(他的胳膊不能举过肩膀，感到胸口疼痛)”可知，运动到一半，身体不舒服。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他认为自己心脏病发作了。A.supposed认为；B.promised承诺；C.hesitated犹豫；D.pretended假装。根据后文“hewashavingaheartattack”可知，他认为自己心脏病发作了。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没带手机，慢慢地走到邻居的门口，按响了他们的门铃，靠在门廊的栏杆上。A.skipped跳跃；B.returned返回；C.escaped逃走；D.leaned倚靠。根据后文“inoppositiontotheporchrailing”指身体不舒服，所以靠在门廊的栏杆上。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他抓错了栏杆，摔倒了。A.disappeared消失；B.abandoned抛弃；C.collapsed倒塌，摔倒；D.survived幸存。根据上文“hemisplacedhisgraspontherailingand”指他抓错了栏杆，摔倒了。故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在家里，克里斯和瑞秋，一个是消防员，一个是护士，正在一起玩得很开心，这是一个不工作不寻常的一天。A.collectively集体地，一起；B.curiously好奇地；C.secretly秘密地；D.roughly大略。根据上文“ChrisandRachel,afirefighterandanurse”指两人正一起玩耍。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：克里斯查看了门铃上的视频，注意到是他们的邻居霍弗林，他看起来很痛苦。A.switch开关；B.clue线索；C.sign迹象；D.video视频。根据后文“Theywenttothedoor”可知，先是看到了门铃上的监控视频，接着走向门，故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：克里斯查看了门铃上的视频，注意到是他们的邻居霍弗林，他看起来很痛苦。A.surprise惊讶；B.misery痛苦，悲惨；C.consideration考虑；D.confidence自信。结合上文可知Favorin 心脏病发作了，因此当时很痛苦。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们走到门口，发现霍弗林躺在地板上。A.located发现……的位置；B.exposed暴露；C.ignored忽视；D.covered覆盖。根据后文“Favorinonthefloor”指发现霍弗林躺在地板上。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：克里斯和瑞秋是专业人士，他们开始心肺复苏，利用他们的训练和才能挽救了他的生命。A.consulting咨询；B.mending修补；C.coaching训练；D.driving驾驶。根据上文“startedCPR”可知他们受过专业训练，故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们向911求助，轮流做传统的胸部按压和检查他的脉搏。A.additional附加的；B.conventional惯例的；C.occasional偶尔的；D.optional可选择的。根据后文“chestcompressionsandcheckinghispulse”指对Favorin进行传统的救治，故选B。33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他似乎恢复得很好。A.prepared准备；B.adapted改编；C.responded回答；D.recovered恢复。根据上文可知，克里斯和瑞秋救了他的生命，他住院两天，如今恢复得很好了。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：和他交谈，你绝不会猜到，就在几天前，他濒临死亡。A.death死亡；B.hope希望；C.courage勇气；D.chance机会。结合上文可知，Favorin运动时心脏病发作，即濒临死亡。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生告诉他，克里斯和瑞秋快速动作救了他的命。A.warned警告；B.reminded提醒；C.informed通知；D.persuaded说服。根据后文“himthatthefastmotionbyChrisandRachelsavedhislife”指医生告知Favorin他是如何得救的。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。QinlingMountainsisageographicaldividinglinebetweenNorthernChinaandSouthernChina.Theyrunwesttoeast,___36___(stretch)acrossGansuProvince,ShaanxiProvinceandHenanProvince.QinlingMountainsiscoveredbylarge-scaleplants,___37___arehometomanywildanimalssuchasgiantpandasandgoldenmonkeys.QinlingMountainswasformedabout200millionyearsago,___38___(identify)asanimportantecological securitybarrier.BecauseofthegeographicaldifferencesinthenorthandthesouthofQinlingMountains,Qinling-HuaiRiverLine___39___(become)themostimportantnorth-southboundaryofChinesegeographysofar.Inwinter,QinlingMountainscanblockthecoldwavefromenteringthesouthandinsummer,themoistseabreeze___40___(block)fromenteringthenorthernregion.WhiletheQinlingMountainshavelongbeenknownasthenorthernedgeofgiantpandahabitat,___41___wasonlyin2005thattheQinlingpandawasrecognizedas___42___distinctsubspeciesofgiantpanda.TheQinlingpandaisdistinguishedbyits___43___(slight)smallersizeandfurthatisbrownratherthanblack,withabout270distributedin7areas,likeTaibaiMountainandQingmuchuan.Asthe___44___(high)peakintheQinlingMountains,TaibaiMountainisquitepopularamongmountainclimbers.Manyclimbingenthusiastsliketospendawholenightreachingitspeaktorecorditsbeautifulsunriseandenjoythehotspringfor____45____(relax).【答案】36.stretching37.which38.identified39.hasbecome40.isblocked41.it42.a43.slightly44.highest45.relaxation【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了秦岭山脉。秦岭是中国北方和南方的地理分界线。它们从西向东延伸，横跨甘肃省、陕西省和河南省。秦岭被大型植物覆盖，是大熊猫、金丝猴等许多野生动物的家园。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们从西向东延伸，横跨甘肃省、陕西省和河南省。分析句子结构可知stretch与逻辑主语they构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填stretching。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：秦岭被大型植物覆盖，是大熊猫、金丝猴等许多野生动物的家园。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词QinlingMountains，在从句中作主语，指物，故用关系代词which。故填which。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：秦岭形成于大约2亿年前，被认为是重要的生态安全屏障。分析句子结构可知 identify与逻辑主语QinlingMountains构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填identified。39题详解】考查时态。句意：由于秦岭南北的地理差异，秦淮线成为迄今为止中国地理上最重要的南北边界。根据sofar可知为现在完成时，主语为Qinling-HuaiRiverLine，助动词用has。故填hasbecome。【40题详解】考查时态语态。句意：在冬季，秦岭山脉可以阻挡寒潮进入南方，在夏季，潮湿的海风可以阻挡进入北部地区。主语与谓语构成被动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为themoistseabreeze，谓语用单数。故填isblocked。【41题详解】考查强调句。句意：虽然秦岭一直被认为是大熊猫栖息地的北部边缘，但直到2005年，秦岭大熊猫才被确认为大熊猫的一个独特亚种。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句“itbe+被强调部分+that+其它”，被强调部分为onlyin2005。故填it。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：虽然秦岭一直被认为是大熊猫栖息地的北部边缘，但直到2005年，秦岭大熊猫才被确认为大熊猫的一个独特亚种。subspecies为泛指，且distinct是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：秦岭大熊猫的特点是体型略小，皮毛为棕色而非黑色，约有270只分布在太白山和青木川等7个地区。修饰形容词smaller应用副词slightly，作状语。故填slightly。【44题详解】考查最高级。句意：太白山作为秦岭的最高峰，深受登山爱好者的喜爱。根据上文定冠词以及句意“最高”可知应用最高级。故填highest。45题详解】考查名词。句意：许多登山爱好者喜欢花一整晚的时间到达顶峰，记录美丽的日出，享受温泉放松。作介词的宾语，应用名词relaxation，不可数。故填relaxation。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，想请英国好友Jim帮你练习英语口语，请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.解释原因；3.询问时间和方式。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,MorethandelightedtolearnontheInternetthatyouofferprofessionalhelptostudentsonlinewithoralEnglish,Iamwritingtoaskyouforhelp.WhenIwasfirstexposedtoEnglish,Ifounditfascinatingandbeautiful.However,whattroublesmemostismypoororalEnglish.Forlackofpracticeinauthenticlanguageenvironment,Iamnotconfidentenoughtostrikeupaconversation.IamwonderingwhetheryoucouldhelpmewithmyoralEnglish.Ifitisconvenientforyou,couldyoupleasetellthetimeandmethodthatyoucanarrange?I’mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，想请英国好友Jim帮你练习英语口语，请你给他写一封电子邮件。【详解】1.词汇积累：有吸引力的：fascinating→attractive/charming方式：method→approach提供：offer→provide开始：strikeup→start2.句式拓展：简单句变复合句原句：Forlackofpracticeinauthenticlanguageenvironment,Iamnotconfidentenoughtostrikeupaconversation.拓展句：IamnotconfidentenoughtostrikeupaconversationbecauseIlackofpracticeinauthenticlanguage environment.【点睛】【高分句型1】However,whattroublesmemostismypoororalEnglish.（运用了what引导主语从句）【高分句型2】MorethandelightedtolearnontheInternetthatyouofferprofessionalhelptostudentsonlinewithoralEnglish,Iamwritingtoaskyouforhelp.（运用了that引导宾语从句）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使其构成一篇完整的短文。“Tomorrowandtomorrowandtomorrow,Creepsinthispettypacefromdaytoday.”Whatcrossesyourmindwhenyouthinkoftomorrow?Somepeoplethinkofthefutureliterallylikethenextday.Toothers,itmeanstheunknown.Tome,itsignifieshope.Everyday,onthewaytoandfromschoolIpassbyachildren’shospital.Onemorning,asIwashurryingtoschool,Inoticedachildstaringoutofasmallwindowonthefirstfloor.ThenextminuteItripped(绊倒)andsprawledontheground.AsIslowlypulledmyselfupanddustedmyselfoff,Ilookedupagainandsawthechildlaughing.Inspiteofmysituation,Iwaspleasedtohavemadesomeonelaugh.IbowedasthoughIwereaperformer.Thechildclappedandwavedatme.AsIsteppedcloser,Isawthatthegirl’sheadwasbald,asignthatshewasacancerpatient.IquicklywavedonelasttimetoherbeforeheadingfortheschoolThenextmorningandthenext,Ilookedoutforthelittlegirlandwavedtoher,doingalittlejigjusttomakeherlaugh.Ithoughtaboutherandwonderedwhatherlifemustbelike.Wasthathowthechildlivedfromdaytoday?Ifelttheurgetovisitthechild.Iwenttothehospitalandlookedfortheroomfacingtheroad.Ifoundthelittlegirl.Shewasthinandpale.Whenshesawme,hereyeswidenedwithrecognitionandshewelcomedmewithashysmile.Italkedtoherabitandlearnedhername,Suki.ThenursewhosawmetalkingtoherlatertoldmethatSukiwasaleukemiapatient.Hermotherdiedtwoyearsagoandherfatherwasnowondutyoutsidethecountry.ThenurseencouragedmetovisitSukisothatshewouldnotbesolonesome.AsIwasleaving,Sukicalledtome,“Tomorrow?”Iunderstoodandsaid,“Yes,tomorrow.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Afterthat,IpoppedintovisitSukiafterschooleveryday.____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Twomonthslater,Sukitoldmethegoodnews.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Afterthat,IpoppedintovisitSukiafterschooleveryday.Wechattedcasuallyaboutourownhobbies,favoritefoodandeventheplansforthefuture.Weplayedcardgamesandreadtogether.EventhoughSukiwasonlyten,IfoundthatIcouldgetalongwithherverywell.Iwasnotvisitingheroutofpity.Ireallylookedforwardtohercompany.Attheendofeachvisit,shealwaysasked,“Tomorrow?”andmyreplywasalways,“Yes,tomorrow.”Twomonthslater,Sukitoldmethegoodnews.Shewaswellenoughtobedischargedfromthehospital.Onmylastvisit,shegavemeanenvelope,andsaiditcontainedheremailaddress.Ipromisedtowrite.Inherletter,Sukithankedmeandtoldmehowmyanswertoherquestion“Tomorrow?”hadgivenherhopefromdaytoday.Shebelievedthatsherecoveredbecauseofthis.Attheendoftheletter,shewrote“Tomorrow?”followedbyheremailaddress.Ismiledandsaidtomyself,“Yes,Suki,tomorrow.”【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在上学和放学的路上，都会经过一家儿童医院。一天作者不小心摔了一跤，作者发现一个光秃头发的小女孩在笑。作者第二天和第三天早上继续寻找这个女孩，向她挥挥手，蹦蹦跳跳，只是为了逗她笑。最终作者决定去医院看望小女孩，在离别的时候，小女孩问作者明天是否还来的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“从那以后，我每天放学都去看苏琪。”可知，第一段可描写作者和苏琪在医院里的相处。②由第二段首句内容“两个月后，苏琪告诉我一个好消息。”可知，第二段可描写苏琪出院了，但作者依然每天给她写电子邮件。 2.续写线索：每天看望——陪伴——期待——康复——答应3.词汇激活行为类①闲谈：chat/haveachat②友好相处：getalongwithsb./getonwithsb.③ 康复：bewellenough/recover情绪类① 感谢：thank/begrateful② 出于同情：outofpity/outofsympathy【点睛】[高分句型1]EventhoughSukiwasonlyten,IfoundthatIcouldgetalongwithherverywell.（运用了eventhough引导的让步状语从句和that引导的宾语从句）[高分句型2]Attheendoftheletter,shewrote“Tomorrow?”followedbyheremailaddress.（运用了过去分词作后置定语）听力答案:1-5BACAC6-10BBABC11-15ACCBC16-20BACCA