北京市顺义区2022-2023学年高一英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

顺义区2022-2023学年第一学期期末质量监测高一英语试卷1.本试卷共10页，总分100分，考试用时90分钟，共五道大题。2.在答题卡上准确填写学校、姓名、班级和教育ID号。3.试卷所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。选择题必须用冒2B铅笔作答;非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。4.考试结束后，请将答题卡交回，试卷自己保留。一、语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Asadoctor,Ialwaysmeetsome____1____(challenge)inmyjob.Sometimesitmakesmefeel____2____(worry).Todealwiththis,IgorunningasoftenasIcan.WhenIrunontheroad,mynervousenergypushesmethroughmileone.Bymiletwo,mytensionmovesfrommymindtomylegs.Bytheendoftherun,allmystressisgone.Iamgettinghealthierand____3____(happy)thanbefore!【答案】1.challenges2.worried3.happier【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己作为一名医生的生活。【1题详解】考查名词复数。句意：作为一名医生，我在工作中总会遇到一些挑战。根据前文some可知，可数名词challenge应用复数形式，作宾语。故填challenges。【2题详解】考查形容词。句意：有时这让我感到担忧。根据前文makesmefeel可知，此处应用以ed结尾的形容词worried作表语，修饰人。故填worried。【3题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：我比以前更健康、更快乐了！根据比较级的标志词than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级和healthier并列作表语。故填happier。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ChineseNewYearPaintingisaspecialChineseartform.Usuallyit____4____(put)onwalls,doorsorwindows.AsSpringFestivalarrives,manyfamiliesputupNewYearPaintingsasawish____5____(have)goodluckandhappiness.TherearedifferentsubjectsinNewYearPaintings,suchasbabies,flowersandbirds.TheearliestNewYearPainting____6____(appear)intheTangdynasty(朝代)andwasattachedtothedoortokeepthefamilysafe.TodayNewYearPaintingsarestillpopularinsomeruralareasofChina.【答案】4.isput5.tohave6.appeared【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍中国年画。【4题详解】考查时态语态。句意：通常它会贴在墙上、门上或窗户上。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语，且it(ChineseNewYearPainting)和put是被动关系，且根据句意可知，这里应用一般现在时。故填isput。【5题详解】考查非谓语。句意：随着春节的到来，许多家庭都挂上了年画，以祝好运和幸福。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，再根据句意可知，这里应填不定式作后置定语。故填tohave。【6题详解】考查时态。句意：最早的年画出现在唐代，并贴在门上以保护家人的安全。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语，NewYearPainting和appear是主动关系，再由intheTangdynasty可知，这里时态应用一般过去时。故填appeared。C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Venice(威尼斯)isfamous____7____itsbeautifulbuildingsandwaterways,butthe1,600-year-oldcityisindangerbecauseofrisingsealevel.Inthepast20years,Venicehasexperienced163bigfloods.Strongunderwaterwallsandgates____8____(build)toprotectthecitysince2009.However,forpeople____9____liveinVenice,therearestillfloodsandthisblocksbusiness.Ashopownertheresaidinaninterview,“Venicelivesthankstoitstourismanditisourduty____10____(save)it.”【答案】7.for8.havebeenbuilt9.who10.tosave【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了威尼斯所面临的危险。【7题详解】考查介词。句意：威尼斯以其美丽的建筑和水道而闻名，但这座拥有1600年历史的城市因海平面上升而面临危险。befamousfor“因……而出名”是固定搭配，符合句意。故填for。【8题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：自2009年以来，为了保护这座城市，建造了坚固的水下墙和大门。动词build和主语之间是被动关系，根据时间状语since2009可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态。主语是名词复数，主谓一致，故填havebeenbuilt。【9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，对于住在威尼斯的人来说，仍然有洪水，这阻碍了生意。分析可知，此处为限制性定语从句，先行词为people，一般由关系代词who引导从句，本句中作从句主语。故填who。【10题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的一位店主在接受采访时说：“威尼斯的生活得益于它的旅游业，我们有责任拯救它。”分析可知，此处应用动词不定式作真正主语，it为形式主语，这是固定句型。故填tosave。二、完形填空(共14小题;每小题1.5分，共21分)阅读短文，掌握其大意，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。“They’refollowingme!”Ithoughttomyself.Inoticedtwoyoungmenonmotorbikesslowdownnexttome.AsIdrove,theykeptwatchingmethroughtheirhelmets(头盔).Suchkindofexperiencewasnot____11____inabigcitysoIdidn’thavetoworryaboutit.Theywouldgoawaysoonerorlater.Instead,Iwastroubledbyatruly____12____thinginmylife一Ihadjustlostmyjob.Icouldhardlycontrolmyfeelings.ThensuddenlyIdiscoveredthatwheneverIstoppedatatrafficlight,thetwobikerswouldalsostopalongside,____13____meclosely.Thiscontinuedthroughthreetrafficlights.Theirpurposeswereuncleartome.____14____andnervous,IdroveasfastasIcouldtostay____15____ofthem,buttheykeptfollowingandIcouldn’tshakethemoff.FinallyIreachedhomeandfeltasenseof____16____.Buttomysurprise,theyhad____17____meallthewaytomydoorstep.Evenscarier,theywerenowoffthebikes,tryingtotalktome.Feelingsaferonthisfamiliarground,Istartedtoget____18____ThenIwalkedoverandwantedtoteachthemalesson.“Pleasedon’t____19____us,”oneofthemsaid,“WesawyoucryinginsideyourcarandwantedtomakesureyouwereOK.Doyouneed____20____ofanykind?”I____21____atoncewhathadhappened.Themenhadseenmebreakingdowninmycarandfollowedmejustbecausethey____22____aboutthefeelingsofastranger. Ineversawthemagain.Ididn’tevenaskfortheir____23____Buteventoday,morethan10yearslater,Iamstill____24____bythewarmththeybroughttoastranger,andrememberthemfortheirkindness.11.A.commonB.newC.interestingD.relaxing12.A.sadB.excitingC.satisfyingD.strange13.A.catchingB.holdingC.watchingD.carrying14.A.RelaxedB.ConfidentC.AmazedD.Scared15.A.aheadB.behindC.outD.opposite16.A.shameB.dutyC.belongingD.relief17.A.inspiredB.greetedC.followedD.benefited18.A.angryB.disappointedC.lostD.nervous19.A.forgetB.misunderstandC.defendD.stop20.A.moneyB.informationC.helpD.food21.A.wonderedB.noticedC.realizedD.reminded22.A.caredB.learnedC.arguedD.heard23.A.suggestionsB.namesC.addressesD.opinions24.A.attractedB.acceptedC.draggedD.moved【答案】11.B12.A13.C14.D15.A16.D17.C18.A19.B20.C21.C22.A23.B24.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲作者开车回家途中有两个摩托车手跟随，一直跟到作者家里，后来作者了解到他们是看到作者在车里哭泣才不放心跟着她，这让作者内心充满了感激。【11题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这样的经历在大城市并不新鲜，所以我不必担心。A.common普通的；B.new新鲜的；C.interesting有趣的；D.relaxing令人放松的。由后文“Ididn’thavetoworryaboutit”可知，这种事在大城市并不“新鲜”，所以作者不用担心。故选B项。【12题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，我被生活中一件真正悲伤的事所困扰一我刚刚失业。A.sad悲伤的；B.exciting令人兴奋的；C.satisfying满足的；D.strange奇怪的。由后文“Ihadjustlostmyjob”可知，这是一件“伤心的”事情。故选A项。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我突然发现，每当我在红绿灯前停车时，两个骑自行车的人也会停在旁 边，紧紧地盯着我。A.catching抓住；B.holding保持；C.watching观看，观察；D.carrying运送。由后文“Wesawyoucryinginsideyourcar”可知，两个摩托车手一直在密切“观察”着作者。故选C项。【14题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既害怕又紧张，我尽可能快地开车，以保持在他们前面，但他们一直跟在后面，我无法甩掉他们。A.Relaxed放松的；B.Confident自信的；C.Amazed惊奇的；D.Scared害怕的。由后文“nervous”以及语境可知，作者被跟踪，所以应是紧张且“害怕的”。故选D项。【15题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我既害怕又紧张，我尽可能快地开车，以保持在他们前面，但他们一直跟在后面，我无法甩掉他们。A.ahead在……外前面；B.behind在……后面；C.out在……外面；D.opposite在……外对面。由前文“IdroveasfastasIcould”可知，作者想开快点保持在他们“前面”，以便甩掉他们。故选A项。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后我回到家里，感到一种解脱。A.shame羞愧；B.duty职责；C.belonging所有物；D.relief宽慰，解脱。由后文“Feelingsaferonthisfamiliarground”可知，作者回到家了，所以感觉安全了，心里上也有“解脱”的感觉。故选D项。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但令我惊讶的是，他们一直跟着我走到我家门口。A.inspired启发；B.greeted问候；C.followed跟随；D.benefited受益。由前文“buttheykeptfollowingandIcouldn’tshakethemoff”可知，他们是一直“跟随着”作者的，最后到了作者家。故选C项。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这个熟悉的地方感觉更安全了，我开始生气。A.angry生气的；B.disappointed失望的；C.lost丢失的；D.nervous焦虑的。由前文“Feelingsaferonthisfamiliarground”和下文“ThenIwalkedoverandwantedtoteachthemalesson.”可知，作者在家里感到安全了，所以不再害怕而是“生气”，准备前去质问他们。故选A项。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“请不要误解我们，”其中一人说，“我们看到你在车里哭，想确保你没事。”A.forget忘记；B.misunderstand误解；C.defend防御；D.stop停止。由后文“WesawyoucryinginsideyourcarandwantedtomakesureyouwereOK”可知，摩托车手这里在解释，请求作者不要“误解”他们。故选B项。20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你需要任何帮助吗？A.money钱；B.information信息；C.help帮助；D.food 食物。由后文“rememberthemfortheirkindness”可知，摩托车手来到作者家是准备为作者提供“帮助”。故选C项。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻意识到发生了什么事。A.wondered想知道；B.noticed注意到；C.realized意识到；D.reminded提醒。由后文“whathadhappened”以及前文可知，作者这时了解了整个事情，“意识到”发生了什么事。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：男人们看到我在车上奔溃了，就跟着我，因为他们关心陌生人的感受。A.cared关心；B.learned学习；C.argued争辩；D.heard听到。由前文“tomakesureyouwereOK”可知，这里他们“关心”作者的感受。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我再也没见过他们。我甚至没有问他们的名字。A.suggestions建议；B.names名称；C.addresses地址；D.opinions意见。由前文“Ineversawthemagain”可知，作者应该当时没有问他们的“名字”，导致后期都没有联系并见过他们。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但即使在10多年后的今天，我仍然被他们带给陌生人的温暖所感动，并记住他们的善良。A.attracted吸引；B.accepted接受；C.dragged拖动；D.moved感动。由后文“thewarmththeybroughttoastranger”和“theirkindness”以及结合语境可知，作者仍然被他们的行为“感动”着。故选D项。三、阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分，共40分)第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AChinahasseengreatachievementsincultureoverthelast10years.NumberofCulturalPlacesandActivitiesYearPlacesandActivities20162017201820192020Museums4,1094,7214,9185,1325,452 Placesforculturalrecords272274309320322Books(unit:billion)9.049.2410.0110.6010.37Moviesproducedathome772798902850531Artsgroups12,30115,74217,12317,79517,581TVseries(unit:million)6.896.997.087.237.39YearAchievements2012TheNobelPrizeinliterature(文学)2012isgiventothewriterMoYan.2013Thebronze(铜)headsofamouseandarabbit,oncepartof12animalartworksattheSummerPalaceinBeijing,arereturnedtoChina.2015LiuCixinbecomesthefirstChinesewritertowintheBestNovelprizeforsciencefictionintheUSAwithhisbook,TheThree-BodyProblem,2017Chineseoracleboneinscriptions(甲骨文)areincludedontheUNESCOMemoryoftheWorldList.2020CelebrationsareheldforthecompletionofthePalaceMuseum600yearsago.2021NewdiscoveriesaremadeattheSanxingduiRuinssite(遗址)inGuanghan,Sichuan.25.HowmanymuseumswerethereinChinain2016?A.4,109.B.4,721.C.4,918.D.5,132.26.WhenwasthenumberofTVseriesclosestto7million?A.In2016.B.In2017.C.In2018.D.In2019.27.Accordingtotheinformationinthesecondtable,whatwerereturnedtoChinain2013?A.The12animalartworks.B.Thenovelprizesforsciencefiction.C.Thebronzeheadsofarabbitandamouse. D.PiecesofChineseoracleboneinscriptions.28.Wherewerethenewdiscoveriesmadein2021?A.InChengdu,Sichuan.B.AttheSummerPalace.C.InthePalaceMuseum.D.AttheSanxingduiRuinssite.29.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Greatachievementsinliteratureathomeandabroad.B.Thedevelopmentofculturalactivitiessince2012inChina.C.Greatachievementsincultureoverthepast10yearsinChina.D.ThedevelopmentofculturalplacesinBeijingoverthelastcentury.【答案】25.A26.B27.C28.D29.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了10年来，中国文化事业取得的巨大成就。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个表格中Museums一项对应的数据可以看出，在2016年的时候，博物馆的数量是4,109。故选A项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个表格最后一行TVseries一项对应的数据可以看出，和7million最接近的数据是2017年的6.99million。故选B项。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个表格中表示2013年成就的句子“Thebronze(铜)headsofamouseandarabbit,oncepartof12animalartworksattheSummerPalaceinBeijing,arereturnedtoChina.(曾是北京颐和园12件动物艺术品的铜制鼠首和兔首回归中国)”可知，2013年的时候铜制鼠首和兔首回归中国。故选C项。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个表格最后一行表示2021年成就的句子“NewdiscoveriesaremadeattheSanxingduiRuinssite(遗址)inGuanghan,Sichuan.(四川广汉三星堆遗址有新发现)”可知，2021年，三星堆遗址有了新发现。故选D项。【29题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一句“Chinahasseengreatachievementsincultureoverthelast10years.(10年来，中国文化事业取得了巨大成就)”和两个表格所展示的内容可知，这篇文章主要介绍了10年来，中国文化事业取得的巨大成就。故选C项。B WhenXuShixiaowenttoworkasusualinacompanyinNanchang,JiangxiProvince,fiveyearsago,shewassurprisedtogetacallfromherpreviouscoach,askingaboutherwillingnesstoreturntocanoeing(皮划艇)andcompeteintheTokyoOlympicGames.Xuquicklymadeherdecision.“Iquitmyjobasamanager,toldmyfamilyandwentbacktotrainingthreedayslater.TherewasnotmuchtimeleftformetopreparefortheOlympics,”Xuthoughtback.OnAug7,2021,Xuandherpartner,SunMengya,wonthegoldmedalinthefirstwomen’scanoedouble500meventattheTokyoGames.ItwasalsothefirstOlympicgoldmedalforChinaintheevent.YetXu’sjourneytotheOlympicswasbumpy——shefacedlotsofdifficulties,suchasherconditionafteryearsofretirementandherparents’disagreementbecausetheythoughtitwastimeforhertogetmarried.“Itwasreallyaharddecisionformetogobacktobeinganathleteafterfouryearsofretirement,”saidXu,“Ididn’twanttoregretnotcompetingforagoldmedal.Idesiredtobeachampion.IhadnothingtoloseevenifIfailed.”Tocatchthechancetogobacktocanoeingontheinternationallevel,Xustartedherunbearabletraining.Shebeganherdailyexercisesintheearlymorningandendedat10:30pm.ItwasahotJulyin2017inNanchang,whereitcouldbe40degreescentigradeinsummer.Xustayedinthesunforhourseverydayonhercanoe.Butherdailyschedulewashardlyinfluenced.“Atthebeginning,itreallyhurt.Whenthepainreachedthehighestpoint,Icouldn’tfeelmyarmsafterthat，”sheadded.Morethantwomonthsofsuchhardtrainingfinallypaidoff.Xuwontwogoldmedalsatthe13thNationalGamesintwowomen’scanoeevents.In2019,shepartneredwithSuntogettheirticketfortheTokyoOlympicsbywinningthegoldmedalattheICFCanoeSprintWorldChampionships.Finally,theyachievedsuccessinTokyo.Comparedwithathleteswhowereintheirearly20s,Xu’srecoverywasslower.Buttheactivetimeforathletesgotlonger.“Ageisnotaproblemanymoreforanathleteintheageoftechnology,”saidXu.TheOlympicmedalistwillgoforcompetitionsathomeandabroadthisyear.SheisalsolookingforwardtotakingpartintheParisOlympicsin2024.30.WhatdidXuShixiaodowhenhercoachaskedherwillingnesstocompeteintheTokyoOlympicGames?A.Sheaskedforherparents’advice.B.Shewentbacktotrainingafter3days.C.Shewenttothecompanytoaskforleave.D.Shewenttothetrainingcenterimmediately.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bumpy”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Hard.B.Smooth.C.Pleasant.D.Achievable. 32.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTachallengeforXuonherroadtosuccess?A.Thehotweatherintraining.B.Thedisagreementfromherparents.C.Herwillingnesstogetmarriedrightnow.D.Beingabsentfromtrainingforalongtime.33.HowdidXugettheticketfortheTokyoOlympics?A.ByreceivingonemonthofhardtraininginNanchang.B.Bywinningthreegoldmedalsatthe13thNationalGames.C.BywinningagoldmedalattheICFCanoeSprintWorldChampionships.D.Bystartingherdailyexercisesintheearlymorningandendingat9：30pm.34.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainwaystosolvetheageproblemofathletes.B.Toshowthedifficultyofaretiredathletebacktotraining.C.Tointroducethenecessaryqualitiesofacanoeingchampion.D.ToshareastoryofanathletefightingfortheOlympicgoldmedal.【答案】30.B31.A32.C33.C34.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲皮划艇运动员徐诗晓重新训练备战东京奥运会并获得金牌的经历。【30题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Iquitmyjobasamanager,toldmyfamilyandwentbacktotrainingthreedayslater.TherewasnotmuchtimeleftformetopreparefortheOlympics,(我辞去了经理的工作，告诉了家人，三天后又回去训练。留给我准备奥运会的时间不多了，)”可知，徐诗晓三天后就重新回去训练了。故选B项。31题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第四段“shefacedlotsofdifficulties,suchasherconditionafteryearsofretirementandherparents’disagreementbecausetheythoughtitwastimeforhertogetmarried.(她面临着很多困难，比如她退役多年后的状况，以及父母的意见分歧，因为他们认为她该结婚了。)”可知，徐诗晓的奥运之旅是“坎坷和困难的”，所以猜测bumpy是“困难的”。故选A项。【32题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段“shefacedlotsofdifficulties,suchasherconditionafteryearsofretirementandherparents’disagreementbecausetheythoughtitwastimeforhertogetmarried.( 她面临着很多困难，比如她退役多年后的状况，以及父母的意见分歧，因为他们认为她该结婚了。)”可知，主要是徐诗晓父母认为她应该结婚了，并不是徐诗晓现在愿意马上结婚。故选C项。【33题详解】细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段“In2019,shepartneredwithSuntogettheirticketfortheTokyoOlympicsbywinningthegoldmedalattheICFCanoeSprintWorldChampionships.Finally,theyachievedsuccessinTokyo.(2019年，她与孙俪合作，在ICF独木舟短跑世界锦标赛上获得金牌，获得东京奥运会门票。最后，他们在东京取得了成功。)”可知，她通过在ICF独木舟短跑世界锦标赛上获得金牌而获得东京奥运会入场券。故选C项。【34题详解】推理判断题。由文章倒数第三段“Morethantwomonthsofsuchhardtrainingfinallypaidoff.Xuwontwogoldmedalsatthe13thNationalGamesintwowomen’scanoeevents.In2019,shepartneredwithSuntogettheirticketfortheTokyoOlympicsbywinningthegoldmedalattheICFCanoeSprintWorldChampionships.Finally,theyachievedsuccessinTokyo.(两个多月的艰苦训练终于有了回报。徐峥在第十三届全运会的两个女子独木舟项目中获得了两枚金牌。2019年，她与孙俪合作，在ICF独木舟短跑世界锦标赛上获得金牌，获得东京奥运会门票。最后，他们在东京取得了成功。)”以及上下文可知，文章主要讲皮划艇运动员徐诗晓重新训练备战东京奥运会并获得金牌的故事。故选D项。CDrinkingalcohol(酒)maybemoreharmfulthanthought,particularlyforyoungandmiddle-agedadults,anewstudysuggests.Althoughdrinkingalcoholproperlyisoftenthoughttobegoodforyou,theresearcherspointoutthatmanystudiesonthebenefitsofitincludepeopleaged50andolder.Thiscannottotallypresentthebenefitsofalcoholbecauseitdoesn’tconsiderpeoplewhohavediedfromdrinkingalcoholatyoungerages.Thatcausespeopletobeworried,becausemorethanone-thirdofdeathsfromdrinkingalcoholhappenamongpeopleaged20to49,accordingtothestudyintheJournalofStudiesonAlcoholandDrugs.“Infact,Personswhopassedawaycannotbeincludedinmedicalstudies”,thestudyresearcherswrote.What’smore,comparedwithothers,thosewhohavebeendrinkingformanyyearsatage50are“survivors(幸存者)whomighthavebeenhealthierorhavehadsaferdrinkinghabits”,accordingtothestudy,ledbyDr.TimothyNaimiofBostonMedicalCenter’sClinicalAddictionResearchandEducationUnit.Inanewstudy,theresearchersstudiedtheinformationthatincludesestimates(估计数目)ofdeathscausedbyalcoholandyearsoflifelostduetoalcoholdrinkingintheUnitedStates.Thereare54medicalconditionsthatareconnected,eitherdirectlyorindirectly,withalcoholdrinking,suchasalcoholicliver(肝脏)diseaseandcarcrashescausedbyalcohol.Thoughalcoholdrinkingistiedtoanincreasedriskofdeathfrommostoftheseconditions,it’s connectedwithareducedriskofsomeothers,mainlytypesofheartdiseases.Tolookatalcohol’sbenefits,theresearcherspaidattentiontodeathsthatcouldpossiblybe“prevented”byalcoholdrinking,aswellasyearsoflife“saved“byalcohol.Only4.5percentofestimateddeathssaidtobepreventedbyalcoholdrinkinghappenedamongthoseaged20to49,comparedwith80percentamongthoseaged65andolder.Morethan50percentoftheestimatedyearsoflifesaidtobesavedhappenedamongthoseaged65andolder,comparedwithjust14.5percentofthoseaged20to49.Asawhole,thefindingssuggestthatpreviousstudiesthatincludedolderadultsunderestimatedriskscausedbyalcoholcomparedwithwhatwouldbeseenfordrinkersofallages,theresearcherssaid.Still,theresearchersnotethattherearemanyreasonswhypeoplechoosetodrinkornottodrinkalcoholapartfromitshealthinfluenceandthatmostpeoplewhochoosetodrinkproperlycandosowithrelativelylowrisk.35.WhydoesthenewstudyinParagraph1suggestadifferentfindingcomparedwithmanypreviousstudies?A.Becausethenewstudyincludespeopleaged50andolder.B.Becausethenewstudydoesnotwanttomakepeopleworried.C.Becausethepreviousstudiesdonotincludedrinkersofallages.D.Becausethepreviousstudiespointoutthedisadvantagesofdrinkingalcohol.36.AccordingtoDr.TimothyNaimi,forpeoplewhohavebeendrinkingforyearsatage50,whatmighthelpthemsurvive?A.Drinkingmorealcohol.B.Havingsaferdrinkinghabits.C.Believinginthebenefitsofalcohol.D.Drinkingalcoholwhentheyfeelsad.37.Whichofthefollowingconditionscanbereducedbydrinkingalcohol?A.Headaches.B.Heartdiseases.C.Alcoholicliverdiseases.D.Carcrashescausedbyalcohol.38.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Drinkingalcoholproperlyseemsrelativelylessrisky.B.Allsurvivorsoftheiralcoholdrinkingmusthaveastrongbody.C.Alotofstudiesonthebenefitsofalcoholarebasedonenoughfacts.D.Youngpeoplearelesslikelytodiefromalcoholdrinkingthantheold. 39.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Drinkingalcoholcanhelppeopleavoidsomerisks.B.Drinkingalcoholproperlyisbeneficialtohuman’shealth.C.Drinkingalcoholisagoodwaytorelievepeople’spressure.D.Drinkingalcoholmaybemoredangerousthanthoughtforyoungandmiddle-agedadults.【答案】35.C36.B37.B38.A39.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项新的研究表明，对年轻人和中年人来说，饮酒可能比想象的更有害。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子“Althoughdrinkingalcoholproperlyisoftenthoughttobegoodforyou,theresearcherspointoutthatmanystudiesonthebenefitsofitincludepeopleaged50andolder.Thiscannottotallypresentthebenefitsofalcoholbecauseitdoesn’tconsiderpeoplewhohavediedfromdrinkingalcoholatyoungerages.（尽管人们通常认为适量饮酒有益健康，但研究人员指出，许多关于饮酒益处的研究对象都是50岁及以上的人。这并不能完全体现酒精的好处，因为它没有考虑到那些在年轻时死于饮酒的人）”可知，之前的研究没有包括所有年龄段的饮酒者，所以新的研究和之前的研究有不同的结果。故选C项。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“What’smore,comparedwithothers,thosewhohavebeendrinkingformanyyearsatage50are‘survivorswhomighthavebeenhealthierorhavehadsaferdrinkinghabits’,accordingtothestudy,ledbyDr.TimothyNaimiofBostonMedicalCenter’sClinicalAddictionResearchandEducationUnit.（此外，根据波士顿医疗中心临床成瘾研究和教育部门的蒂莫西·纳伊米博士领导的这项研究，与其他人相比，那些在50岁时饮酒多年的‘幸存者，可能因为他们会有更健康，或有更安全的饮酒习惯’）”可知，更安全的饮酒习惯帮那些50岁时已经饮酒多年的人活下来。故选B项。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“Thoughalcoholdrinkingistiedtoanincreasedriskofdeathfrommostoftheseconditions,it’sconnectedwithareducedriskofsomeothers,mainlytypesofheartdiseases.（虽然饮酒与这些疾病的死亡风险增加有关，但它与其他一些疾病的风险降低有关，主要是心脏病类疾病）”可知，饮酒可以降低患心脏病类疾病的风险。故选B项。38题详解】细节理解题。根据文章的最后一段“Still,theresearchersnotethattherearemanyreasonswhypeoplechoosetodrinkornottodrinkalcoholapartfromitshealthinfluenceandthatmostpeoplewhochoosetodrinkproperlycandosowithrelativelylowrisk.（ 尽管如此，研究人员指出，除了酒精对健康的影响之外，人们选择喝酒或不喝酒还有很多原因，大多数选择适当饮酒的人可以以相对较低的风险饮酒）”可知，适量饮酒的风险似乎相对较小。故选A项。【39题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主语内容，特别是文章第一句话“Drinkingalcohol(酒)maybemoreharmfulthanthought,particularlyforyoungandmiddle-agedadults,anewstudysuggests.（一项新的研究表明，饮酒可能比想象的更有害，尤其是对年轻人和中年人）”可知，这篇文章主要是告诉我们饮酒对年轻人和中年人来说可能比想象的更危险。关系D项。第二节阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在题号后横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。ShouldWeFearMaths?Howgoodareyouatmaths?Somepeoplelovethechallengeofitorenjoyworkingoutnumbergames.Mathsisallaroundus,fromworkingouthowtosharethebillafterameal,tomakingyourhouseholdbillsclear.Butmanyfeelafraidofthemomentwhentheyhavetodealwithnumbersandfeelarealsenseofworryanddisorder.Itcanseemfearful,butthis“mathsfear”isperfectlycommon,andyou’redefinitelynotalone.Youneedtoknowourworriesandfearsdon’tnecessarilyshowourability.Theproblemreallystartsinchildhood,atschool.Researchhasfoundthatmathsteacherswhoarenervousaboutteachingthesubjectcanpassontheirfeartothepupils,andgirlsmaybemorelikelytobeinfluenced.TheProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment(评估)foundaround31%of15and16-year-oldsacross34countriessaidtheygotverynervousdoingmathsproblems,33%saidtheyfeltuneasydoingmathshomework,andnearly60%saidtheywereworriedthatmathsclasseswouldbedifficult.ShulamitKahn,fromBostonUniversity’sQuestromSchoolofBusiness,toldtheBBCshebelievesgivingstudents,particularlygirls,goodrolemodelsisimportant,especiallyatayoungage.Shethinksthekeyistogetpeoplewholoveteachingmaths,especiallywomen,tohelpyoungerchildren.WritingforBBCFuture,DavidRobsonsays,”It’snotclearwhymathsbringssomuchfearcomparedtogeography.Butthefactthatthere’sarightorwronganswermightmakeyoumoreworriedaboutunderperforming(表现不佳).”Andoncewethinkwe’renota“mathsperson”,weavoidsolvingthingsthatweprobablycoulddo.Thefearonmathsmayappearduetomanyreasons,butsomesuggestthatweencouragechildrentoseeamathstestasachallenge,notathreat(威胁).Thatmeansweneedtothinkofthegoodsidesofmaths.40.Whatproblemdoesthepassagetalkabout?(不超过6个单词)________________________________________________________ 41.Whendomanypeoplebegintofearmaths?(不超过10个单词)________________________________________________________42.Whatcanhappenifteachersarenervousaboutteachingmaths?(不超过10个单词)________________________________________________________43.AccordingtoShulamitKahn,whatisthekeytohelpingchildrenenjoymaths?(不超过17个单词)________________________________________________________44.Basedonthelastparagraph,howshouldweencouragethechildrenwhofearthemathstest?(不超过14个单词)________________________________________________________【答案】40.Howtodealwithmathsfear.41.Manypeoplebegintofearmathsinchildhoodatschool.42.Theirfearcanbepassedontopupils,especiallygirls.43.Thekeyistogetpeoplewholoveteachingmaths,especiallywomen,tohelpyoungerchildren.44.Weshouldencouragechildrentoseemathstestsaschallenges,notthreats.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何应对对数学的恐惧。【40题详解】考查主旨大意。通读全文，根据最后一段中“Thefearonmathsmayappearduetomanyreasons,butsomesuggestthatweencouragechildrentoseeamathstestasachallenge,notathreat(威胁).(对数学的恐惧可能有很多原因，但有些人认为，我们应该鼓励孩子们把数学考试视为挑战，而不是威胁)”可知，本文主要讨论了如何应对对数学的恐惧。故答案为Howtodealwithmathsfear.【41题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Theproblemreallystartsinchildhoodatschool.(这个问题实际上始于童年上学时期)”可知，许多人害怕数学始于童年上学时期。故答案为Manypeoplebegintofearmathsinchildhoodatschool.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Researchhasfoundthatmathsteacherswhoarenervousaboutteachingthesubjectcanpassontheirfeartothepupils,andgirlsmaybemorelikelytobeinfluenced.(研究发现，数学老师在教授这门课时感到紧张，会把这种恐惧传递给学生，而女孩更容易受到影响)”可知，这种紧张恐惧心理会被传递给学生，尤其是女生。故答案为Theirfearcanbepassedontopupils,especiallygirls.【43题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“ShulamitKahn,fromBostonUniversity’sQuestromSchoolofBusiness,toldtheBBCshebelievesgivingstudents,particularlygirls,goodrolemodelsisimportant,especiallyatayoungage.Shethinksthekeyistogetpeoplewholoveteachingmaths,especiallywomen,tohelpyoungerchildren.(波士顿大学凯斯特罗姆商学院的ShulamitKahn在接受BBC采访时表示，她认为给学生，尤其是女孩，树立良好的榜样非常重要，尤其是在年轻的时候。她认为关键是让那些喜欢教数学的人，尤其是女性，来帮助年幼的孩子)”可知，她认为关键是让那些喜欢教数学的人，尤其是女性，来帮助年幼的孩子。故答案为Thekeyistogetpeoplewholoveteachingmaths,especiallywomen,tohelpyoungerchildren.【44题详解】开放性试题。言之有理，积极向上。注意字数限制。如根据最后一段中“Thefearonmathsmayappearduetomanyreasons,butsomesuggestthatweencouragechildrentoseeamathstestasachallenge,notathreat(威胁).(对数学的恐惧可能有很多原因，但有些人认为，我们应该鼓励孩子们把数学考试视为挑战，而不是威胁)”可知，我们应该鼓励孩子们把数学考试视为挑战，而不是威胁。故答案为Weshouldencouragechildrentoseemathstestsaschallenges,notthreats.四、选词填空(共9小题;每题1分，共9分)根据句意，用所给单词或者词组的适当形式填空。goaldefeatadapttoslightlysignuptraditionmakeaneffortrelievevarious45.Joggingisagreatwaytohelp________ourtensionandstress.46.ThankstotheInternet,it’seasytoshopfor________thingslikebooks,snacksandclothesonlinenowadays.47.ItisawidespreadSpanish________toeatgrapesonNewYear’sDaytobringgoodluckinthecomingyear.48.Theworldischangingfast,andwehavetolearnto________thechangessoasnottobeleftbehind.49.Hisbodywillbecomehealthierandstrongeraslongashe________toworkoutregularly.50.Ago-getterisapersonwholikestoset________forhimselfanddoeshisbesttoachievethem.51.Pleaserememberthatthedifficultyisn’tmeantto________you;it’smeanttomakeyoubetter.52.Ourschooloffersdifferentkindsofclasses,andwecan________fortheonesthatinterestus.53.InEnglishlearning,everystudenthashisownmethodsandlearnsina________differentway.【答案】45.relieve##torelieve46.various47tradition 48.adaptto49.makesaneffort50.goals51.defeat52.signup53.slightly【解析】【45题详解】考查动词。句意：慢跑是帮助缓解紧张和压力的好方法。动词relieve“缓解”符合句意，help(to)dosth是固定用法，动词不定式作宾语。故填relieve/torelieve。【46题详解】考查形容词。句意：多亏了互联网，现在在网上买书、零食和衣服等各种东西很容易。形容词various“各种各样的”符合句意，在句中作定语修饰things。故填various。【47题详解】考查名词。句意：在元旦吃葡萄是西班牙的一个普遍传统，以带来来年的好运。名词tradition“传统”符合句意，在句中作表语，根据不定冠词a可知，用单数。故填tradition。【48题详解】考查动词短语。句意：只要他努力经常锻炼，他的身体就会变得更加健康和强壮。动词短语adaptto“适应”符合句意，learntodosth是固定用法，动词不定式作宾语，动词用原形。故填adaptto。【49题详解】考查动词短语。句意：只要他努力经常锻炼，他身体就会变得更加健康和强壮。动词短语makeaneffort“努力”符合句意，aslongas引导的条件状语从句中用一般现在时代替将来。主语为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填makesaneffort。【50题详解】考查名词复数。句意：积极进取的人是一个喜欢为自己设定目标并尽力实现目标的人。名词goal“目标”符合句意，在句中用作宾语，可数名词复数表泛指。故填goals。【51题详解】考查动词。句意：请记住，困难并不是为了打败你；这是为了让你变得更好。动词defeat“打败”符合句意，bemeanttodosth是固定短语，应用动词原形构成不定式。故填defeat。【52题详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们学校提供不同种类的课程，我们可以报名参加我们感兴趣的课程。动词短语signup“报名（参加课程）”符合句意，动词原形和情态动词can一起构成复合谓语。故填signup。 【53题详解】考查副词。句意：在英语学习中，每个学生都有自己的方法，学习方式略有不同。副词slightly“缓解”符合句意，修饰形容词different。故填slightly。五、书面表达(满分20分)54.假如你是红星中学高一学生李华，你校艺术社下周将在本校艺术楼举办以“中国传统节日”为主题的展览，展出本年级学生优秀摄影、绘画及手工作品。请根据下面提示给外教Chris写一封邮件，邀请他参加。1.展览时间、地点；2.展览内容。提示词：展览exhibition手工作品handmadecrafts注意：1.词数不少于50词；2.邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。DearChris,IamwritingtoinviteyoutotheTraditionalChineseFestivalExhibitiontobeheldinourschool.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ibelieveyouwillenjoytheexhibitionifyoucome.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【答案】DearChris,IamwritingtoinviteyoutotheTraditionalChineseFestivalExhibitiontobeheldinourschool.Asweallknow,Chinesetraditionalfestivalculturehasalonghistoryandisrichandcolorful.ThewonderfulexhibitionwillbeheldintheartbuildingofourschoolnextFriday.Atthattime,outstandingphotography,paintingworksandhandmadecraftsofstudentsofthisgradewillbedisplayed,whicharequiteattractive.Ibelieveyouwillenjoytheexhibitionifyoucome.Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生提示给外教Chris写一封邮件，邀请他参加你校艺术社下周将在本校艺术楼举办的以“中国传统节日”为主题的展览。【详解】1.词汇积累丰富的：abundant→rich展览：exhibit→display喜欢：befondof→enjoy有吸引力的：interesting→attractive2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：ThewonderfulexhibitionwillbeheldintheartbuildingofourschoolnextFriday.拓展句：TheexhibitionthatiswonderfulwillbeheldintheartbuildingofourschoolnextFriday.【点睛】【高分句型1】Asweallknow,Chinesetraditionalfestivalculturehasalonghistoryandisrichandcolorful.(运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Atthattime,outstandingphotography,paintingworksandhandmadecraftsofstudentsofthisgradewillbedisplayed,whicharequitewonderful.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)