安徽省卓越县中联盟2022-2023学年高三英语下学期第二次联考试题（Word版附解析）

安徽卓越县中联盟2022-2023学年高三年级第二次联考英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdidthewomancometoschool?A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bysubway.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:You’reatschoolearlytoday!Didyourdadbringyoubycar?W:Actually,therewerenoproblemsontheunderground!Iwaslucky.M:Butmyplatformwascrowded.Ieventhoughtaboutwalkingtoschoolinstead.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatmaythemanwanttotry?A.Football.B.Volleyball.C.Tennis.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:So,areyougoingtobecomeamemberofthesportscenter?M:Yes.Actually,Ijoineditlastweek.Iwasquitegoodatfootballandvolleyballatschool.ButmaybeI’lltrytennis.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atthebusstation.C.Attheconcert.【答案】A 【解析】【原文】W:Now,IcandriveyoutogetthetraintotheconcertinNewTown,butIcan’tpickyouuplater.M:Oh.WillDadbeabletogetmebackhome?W:Yes,butdon’tforgettotexthimwhenyoucatchthetrain.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Sunny.B.Windy.C.Rainy.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Doyouthinkitwillbewarmertomorrow?I’msotiredofallthisrain.W:Yes,Iknow.Itdoesn’tlooksunnyontheweatherapp,andthewindwillbequitestrong.Andit’sgoingtoberainyagainattheweekend.M:Ohwell,atleastitwon’tbewettomorrow!5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aconcert.B.Amovie.C.Aninstrument.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Ididn’tliketheschoolconcertyesterday,mainlybecausethemusicianshadn’tpracticedenough.Theywerereallybad,Ithink.M:Really?Ithinktheyplayedwell,butI’veneverseensomeofthoseinstrumentsbefore.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatwillthewomanprobablytakeforthepicnic?A.Sandwiches.B.Drinks.C.Cakes.7.Howmuchwillthewomansavewithherstudentcard?A.£8.B.£2.C.£4. 【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Andrea.DoyoufancygoingonadaytriptothebeachthisSaturday?W:Goodidea!Shallwetakeapicnic?M:Well,we’vegotalotofbreadforsandwiches.I’llbringthedrinks,too.Youcanbringcakesifyoulike.W:OK,goodidea.Howmuchisthetrainfare?Isitmorethan£10?M:Well,itisusually£12,butit’s£8foruswithourstudentcard.W:That’sgood.I’lltakemystudentcard.M:Great!So,shallwemeetatyourhouse?W:There’snopoint.Icanmeetyouatthestation.Mymumwilltakemethere.M:OK.Let’sgetthe8:30train.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatarethenewlawsabout?A.Askingpeopletorecycle.B.RaisingthepriceofcoffeeC.Forbiddinglittering.9.Howdoesthewomanfindthelawsatlast?A.Useless.B.Fair.C.Temporary.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Jane!Haveyouheardaboutthenewlawstohelppeoplerecycle?W:Yes,butIdon’tthinkIlikethem.M:Thegovernmentwantstokeeptheenvironmentcleanbyrecyclingpaper,metal,andglassinsteadofthrowingthesethingsaway.W:Butwhowantstopayanextra50centseachtimeyoubuyacupofcoffee?That’salotofmoney!M:50cents?It’sonlyfivecentsextraforapapercup.Andyoucangetyourmoneybackwhenyoureturnthecup.W:That’sreasonable.Well,maybethegovernmentisright,afterall.I’llreturnallthepapercoffeecupsIusefromnowon.M:Good!Weallneedtorecycle.Ithelpstokeeptheenvironmentclean.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.WhatisNigel’scourse? A.Literature.B.Computer.C.Business.11.WhatprojectisNigelworkingonwithJenny?A.Startingacompany.B.Surveyingstudents’interest.C.Settingupafoodshop.12.WhatdoesthewomanadviseNigeltodo?A.Helpthepoorstudents.B.Thinkabouttheprojectcarefully.C.Avoidsellingthingstostudents.【答案】10.C11.A12.B【解析】【原文】W:HiNigel.How’syourcourse?M:OK,Ithinkit’sharderthanIexpectedbutI’vegotsomefriendswhoaredoingthesamecourse.I’mgladbecausewehelpeachotherstudy.Butmybestfriendsaredoingothercourses,suchasliteratureandcomputer.W:Jennydoesbusinesstoo,doesn’tshe?M:Yes.We’reworkingonaprojecttogether.W:Whatdoyouhavetodointheproject?M:Wehavetostartacompanyandmakemoney!W:Doingwhat?M:Westillhaven’tIdecided.I’minterestedinsellingsomething,maybethroughthestudentshop.W:Whatsortofthing?M:Maybesomethingstudentsuse,likepens,notebooks,bags.Jenny’stalkingaboutfoodordrink,butI’mnointerested.W:Maybeyoushouldthinkaboutitforafewdays.Youmighthaveclearerideasthen.Sellingthingstostudentsishard—theydon’thavemuchmoney,soitmustbesomethingthattheyreallywant!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatshouldonedotoenterthecompetition?A.Writeastory.B.Goonaholiday.C.Writeapoem.14.Whenwillthewinnersbeannounced?A.On8th,March.B.On18th,March.C.On10th,March.15.WhereistheofficeofTravelLight?A.AtGreenRoad.B.AtJessieStreet.C.At10King’sStreet.16.HowlongwillthewinnerstravelaroundtheRockyMountains?A.Twoweeks.B.Oneweek.C.Amonth. 【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:Areyougoingtoenterthatcompetitiontowinaholiday,Ben?M:Whatcompetition?W:It’sforatravelcompanycalledTravelLight.M:Really?WhatdoIhavetodo?W:Writeastory.You’regoodatstories.M:When’stheclosingdate?W:The10thofMarch.M:Butit’sthe8thtoday!W:Yes,soyou’veonlygottwodays.Youwillknowifyouarethewinneronthe18thofMarch.M:CanIemailmycompetitionentry?W:No.Youcanpostit,oryoucantakeittotheiroffice.It’sat10King’sStreet.GodownGreenRoadandturnleftintoJessieStreetandKing’sStreetisontheleft.M:WhatcanIwin?W:Thismonth,it’satriptoCanadaforyouandyourfamily.YougettwoweeksinahotelandoneweektravellingaroundtheRockyMountains.M:Wow!Passmeapen!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whathappenedtothebeachlastyear?A.Alotofbirdsdiedatthebeach.B.Itswhitesandwaswashedaway.C.Itwaspollutedbyanoilleak.18.Whatisthefunctionofthehugemachine?A.Topreventtheoilfromspreading.B.Tokeeptherescueworkerssafe.C.Tostopthewavesfloating.19.Whatdidthevolunteersdoonthebeach?A.Carryawaytheoilinbigboxes.B.Gathertheoilwithabroom.C.Gettheoiloffthetrucks.20.Whatdidtheworkersteachvolunteers?A.Howtopickupbirdsintheoil.B.Howtosendbirdstosafeplaces.C.Howtoremovetheoilfrombirds’wings.【答案】17.C18.A19.B20.C 【解析】【原文】W:MybestfriendKatylivesnearabeautifulwhitesandbeach.Herparentstakeusthereeverysummer.Thewateriscleanandrefreshing.Wehavealotoffuninthewaves.Lastyear,therewasanoilleakatKaty’sbeach.Wevolunteeredatthebeachtocleanuptheoilandhelpthebirdsthatwerecaughtintheoil.Whenwearrivedatthebeachthatday,thewaterwascoveredwithoilandthewhitesandhadturnedblack.Itwasanuglysight.Atfirst,therescueworkerswouldnotletusonthebeach.Wehadtowatchfromadistance.Wewatchedastheyputahugemachineinthewater.Themachinekepttheoilfromspreading.Oncetheystoppedtheoil,wewereallowedonthebeachtohelp.Eachofuswasgivenabroom.Weswepttheoilintoapile.Theworkerstookitawayinbigtrucks.Weallworkedveryhardthatdaytorestorethebeach.Oncetheoilwasremoved,thebirdsthathadbeencaughtintheoilhadtobehelped.Theworkersshowedushowtoremovetheoilfromtheirwings.Thenthebirdscouldflyawaytosafety.Wewereveryproudofourselvesthatday.Wehelpedsaveourbeautifulbeachandthebirdswhovisitit.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheUNESCOWorldHeritageListisaprestigioushonourawardedtositesofoutstandinguniversalvaluearoundtheworld.Didyouknowthereare1,157UNESCOWorldHeritageSitesspanningacross167countries?We’vepickedoutourtop4foryoutovisitbelow.TheAcropolis,GreeceTheAcropolisisanancientcastlethatstandsproudintheGreekcityofAthens.BackinthefifthcenturyBCafterbattlewiththePersians,theplansofPericlescametolifeundertheinfluenceofPheidias,thesculptor.Itthenbecameaplaceforthoughtandarttoflourish,wheresymbolsofclassicalspiritandcivilisationcamealive.HistoriccentreofRome,ItalyAccordingtoRomanmythology,theEternalCitywasfoundedin753BCandbecamethecapitalofthemightyRomanEmpire.RomeishometoanumberofattractionsincludingtheForum,thePantheonandtheColosseum!ThisWorldHeritagesitecontainsthewholehistoriccentrewithinthecitywallsandreflectstheinfluenceoftheRenaissanceandBaroqueperiodsinmakingitoneofItaly’smostpopularcities.AyutthayaHistoricalPark,ThailandThehistoriccityofAyutthayainThailandwasfoundedaround1350andwassubsequentlydestroyedinthe18thcenturybytheBurmese.What’slefttodayistheruinsandsomekeyhighlightsincludetheBuddhisttemplesof WatRatchaburana,WatMahathatandWatPhraSriSanphet.Theareaishometotheremainsoftallprang(reliquarytowers)andshouldnotbemissed.CulturallandscapeofBali,IndonesiaThelandscapeinBaliisunlikeanythingelseonEarth.Consistingoffivericeterraces(梯田)andwatertemplescovering19,500hectares,theculturallandscapetakesyourbreathaway.Thissitegainshonourthroughanancientfarmingceremonydatingbacktothe9thcenturyknownassubak.Thisconceptreflectsthespirit,thehumanworldandnature,alsoknownasTriHitaKarana.21.WhatmighthavehappenedinGreeceinthe5thcenturyBC?A.Greecebecamefamousforitscastles.B.Pheidiasbecameasculptor.C.GreecefoughtagainstPersians.D.TheGreekspiritdisappeared.22.Whatissubak?A.Ariceterrace.B.Aculturallandscape.C.Awatertemple.D.Anagriculturalceremony.23.Whichofthefollowinghasthelongesthistory?A.TheAcropolis.B.TheEternalCity.C.Ayutthaya.D.TriHitaKarana.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了4个联合国教科文组织世界遗产：希腊的雅典卫城，意大利罗马的永恒之城，泰国大城府历史公园以及印尼巴厘岛的文化景观。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据文章TheAcropolis,Greece部分内容“BackinthefifthcenturyBCafterbattlewiththePersians,theplansofPericlescametolifeundertheinfluenceofPheidias,thesculptor.(公元前5世纪，在与波斯人的战争之后，伯里克利的计划在雕刻家菲迪亚斯的影响下得以实现。)”可知，公元前5世纪，在与波斯人的战争之后，才实现了伯里克利的计划，由此可推知，公元前5世纪，希腊与波斯之间有可能发生了战争。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章CulturallandscapeofBali,Indonesia部分内容“Thissitegainshonourthroughanancientfarmingceremonydatingbacktothe9thcenturyknownassubak.Thisconceptreflectsthespirit,thehumanworldandnature,alsoknownasTriHitaKarana.(这个地方通过一个古老的农业仪式获得荣誉，这个仪式可以追溯到9世纪，被称为subak。这个概念反映了精神，人类世界和自然，也被称为三希塔卡拉纳。)”可知，“subak”是一种农业仪式。故选D项。 【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章HistoriccentreofRome,Italy部分内容“theEternalCitywasfoundedin753BC(永恒之城始建于公元前753年)”可知，永恒之城建于公元前753年，是列举出的世界遗产中拥有最长历史的。故选B项。BAgirlof12hasraisedmorethan£8,000foracancercharitybyrunningthreekilometreseverydayforayearinhonourofhergrandad.EmilyTalman,ofBirkenhead,Merseyside,wasinspiredbytheDailyMirror’s“PrideofBritainAwards”totakeonthechallenge.ShestartedrunningonNovember8lastyearafterGrandadPeteTalmanrecoveredfromprostate(前列腺)cancer.Emilysaidshediditforallgrandads.Sheadded:“Irememberwatchingthe‘PrideofBritainAwards’lastyear,whenmygrandadwasbetter,andIwantedtodosomethingtohelpotherfamilieswhoaregoingthroughwhatwedid.”Pete,69,wasdiagnosedwithcancerin2019.HehadsuccessfulsurgerytoremovehisprostatethefollowingJuly.“Mygrandadalwaystoldme,‘Nevergiveup,nevergivein’andthat’swhatI’vetoldmyselfduringmychallenge.Ifeelliketheluckiestgirlintheworldtostillhavehiminmylife.”Emilyhadtofaceallweatherforherruns.Butshesaidthinkingaboutfamilieswhohavelostlovedonestocancerkepthergoing.Thedeterminedschoolgirl,whohasthreesisters,added,“Ialwaysthinkaboutthepeoplewhocan’tbewiththeirgrandad,dad,uncle,orbrotherbecauseofprostatecancer.”LiverpoolfanEmilyevenmadetimeonChristmasDayandher12thbirthdayonAugust15forherruns.Sheplansto“havealittlebreakfromrunning”buthopestocomplete100moredayseveryyearinthefuturetokeepspreadingawarenessofprostatecancer.ParentsRickyTalmanandStaceyWilliamstoldoftheirprideinher.Rickysaid,“Itwasatoughchallengebutshe’sjustbeenawarriorandeveryoneinthefamilyissoproudofher.”24.WhatdoesEmilyrunfor?A.Thefamily’sdream.B.Ameaningfulcause.C.Hereducationfunds.D.Herphysicalhealth.25.WhatmotivatedEmilytodosomethingforallgrandads?A.ATVprogram.B.Aprizeawardedtoher.C.Herterribledisease.D.Hergrandad’swords.26.WhatisEmily’splanforthefuture?A.Tocommittospreadingawarenessofrunning. BTogetdowntopromotingheracademicperformance.C.Torunabout1/3yearforcancercharity.D.Totakeonatougherchallengetoproveherself.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeEmily?A.Lovelyandinnocent.B.Proudandhumorous.C.Considerateandtalkative.D.Caringanddetermined.【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的为了纪念祖父，一名12岁的女孩Emily一年来每天跑三公里为一家癌症慈善机构筹集资金的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据首段中的“Agirlof12hasraisedmorethan£8,000foracancercharitybyrunningthreekilometreseverydayforayearinhonourofhergrandad.(一名12岁的女孩为了纪念她的祖父，一年来每天跑3公里，为一家癌症慈善机构筹集了8000多英镑。)”可知，小女孩跑步是为了给一家癌症慈善机构筹集资金，由此可知，她是在做一件有意义的事业。故选B项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sheadded:“Irememberwatchingthe‘PrideofBritainAwards’lastyear,whenmygrandadwasbetter,andIwantedtodosomethingtohelpotherfamilieswhoaregoingthroughwhatwedid.”(她补充说：“我记得去年看了‘英国骄傲奖’，当时我的祖父更好，我想做点什么来帮助其他正在经历我们所经历的家庭。)”可知，她看过一个节目“英国骄傲奖”，因此而想做点事情帮助与她们有同样经历的家庭，由此可知，是一个电视节目激励她为所有爷爷们做些事情。故选A项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sheplansto“havealittlebreakfromrunning”buthopestocomplete100moredayseveryyearinthefuturetokeepspreadingawarenessofprostatecancer.(她计划“从跑步中休息一下”，但希望在未来每年多跑100天，以继续传播对前列腺癌的认识。)”可知，Emily希望在未来每年跑大约100天，由此可知，她的计划是为宣传前列腺癌的认识，每年跑大约1/3年。故选C项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sheadded:“Irememberwatchingthe‘PrideofBritainAwards’lastyear,whenmygrandadwasbetter,andIwantedtodosomethingtohelpotherfamilieswhoaregoingthroughwhatwedid.”(她补充说：“我记得去年看了‘英国骄傲奖’ ，当时我的祖父更好，我想做点什么来帮助其他正在经历我们所经历的家庭。)”可知，她受所看节目的影响，要为那些与她们有同样经历的人做些什么，由此可知，她是个有爱心的人；根据尾段中的“ParentsRickyTalmanandStaceyWilliamstoldoftheirprideinher.Rickysaid,“Itwasatoughchallengebutshe’sjustbeenawarriorandeveryoneinthefamilyissoproudofher.”(父母瑞奇·塔尔曼和斯泰西·威廉姆斯谈到了他们为她感到骄傲。里奇说:“这是一个艰难的挑战，但她就是一个战士，家里的每个人都为她感到骄傲。”)”可知，她的家人认为这是很具挑战性的事情，而Emily是个战士，所以家人为他感到自豪，由此可知，她是个意志坚定的人。故选D项。CAresearchteamledbytheUniversityofGöttingenhasshednewlightontheimportanceofplantrootsforbelowgroundlife,particularlyinthetropics(热带).Millionsofsmallcreaturesworkinghardinasinglehectareofsoilincludingearthworms,springtails,mites,insects,andotherarthropods(节肢动物)arecrucialfordecompositionandsoilhealth.Foralongtime,itwasbelievedthatleaflitteristheprimaryresourcefortheseanimals.However,thisrecentstudyisthefirsttoprovideproofthatresourcesfromplantrootsdrivesoilanimalcommunitiesinthetropics.Theresearchersdividedplots(地块)withinnaturalecosystemsandseparatedtheplotsfromaccessingplantrootswithaplasticbarrier.Theirstudyincludedrainforest,aswellasbothrubberandoilpalmplantationsinSumatra,Indonesia.Theyremovedalldeadleaves,themainresourceofdecomposeranimals,fromotherexperimentalplotstocomparethem.Theyfoundthatwithoutlivingroots,animalabundanceintherainforestplotsdecreasesby42percentandinplantationsby30percent.Bycontrast,removingthedeadleaveshasalmostnoeffectontheanimalsintheunderlyingsoil,butdecreasedthetotalanimalabundance(inthesoilanddeadleaves)by60percentinrainforestandrubberplantationsduetophysicallitterremoval.Thestudyalsorevealedthatlivingrootsareespeciallyimportantforthesmallersoilanimals,suchasmitesandspringtails.Interestingly,afteraddingartificialplasticleavesinoilpalmplantations,abundanceofsomeanimalgroups-suchasprostigmata-increased,highlightingthatimprovinghabitatstructurecanpromotesoilfoodnetworksandtheservicestheyprovide.“Thestudyprovidesnewperspectivesforthemanagementoftheresourcesprovidedbyplantlitterintropicalplantations,contributingtosoilanimalbiodiversity.Thisisimportanttodevelopsustainableagriculturallandscapesinthetropics,”saysProfessorStefanScheu,headoftheAnimalEcologyWorkingGroupattheUniversityofGöttingen.28.Whatroledoarthropodsplayinthetropics?A.Makingsoilhealthy.B.Slowingglobalwarming. C.Feedingotheranimals.D.Providingnutritionforplants.29.Whyweredeadleavesremovedfromsomeplots?A.Tomakeroomforcrops.B.Tokeeptheplotsclean.C.Toimprovethesoilcondition.D.Tomakecomparisons.30.Whichofthefollowingmayaffecttheanimalabundanceofaplot?A.Varietyofplants.B.Rootsofplants.C.Heightofplants.D.Quantitiesofplants.31.AccordingtoStefan,whatmatterstosustainableagriculturallandscapes?A.Biodiversityofsoilanimals.B.Habitatstructureoflivingthings.C.Resourcesprovidedbyanimalwaste.D.Newperspectivesofmanagement【答案】28.A29.D30.B31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项研究发现植物根系的资源驱动了热带地区的土壤动物群落，对地下的生物很重要。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Millionsofsmallcreaturesworkinghardinasinglehectareofsoilincludingearthworms,springtails,mites,insects,andotherarthropods(节肢动物)arecrucialfordecompositionandsoilhealth.(数百万的小生物在一公顷的土壤中辛勤工作，包括蚯蚓、弹尾虫、螨虫、昆虫和其他节肢动物，它们对土壤的分解和土壤的健康至关重要)”可知，土壤中的小生物对分解土壤和土壤健康至关重要，所以节肢动物在热带地区扮演着使土壤健康的角色。故选A项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Theyremovedalldeadleaves,themainresourceofdecomposeranimals,fromotherexperimentalplotstocomparethem.(他们从其他试验田移走了所有的枯叶，以进行比较，枯叶是分解动物的主要来源)”可知，移除地块中的所有枯叶是为了进行比较。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Theyfoundthatwithoutlivingroots,animalabundanceintherainforestplotsdecreasesby42percentandinplantationsby30percent.(他们发现，如果没有活根，雨林地块的动物数量减少了42%，种植园的动物数量减少了30%)”可知，没有活根的地下生物在不同的地块都有不同程度的降低，再根据“Bycontrast,removingthedeadleaveshasalmostnoeffectontheanimalsintheunderlyingsoil,butdecreasedthetotalanimalabundance(inthesoilanddeadleaves)by60percentinrainforestandrubberplantationsduetophysicallitterremoval.(相比之下，清除枯叶对下层土壤中的动物几乎没有影响，但由于物理清除凋落物，雨林和橡胶园的动物总数(土壤和枯叶)减少了60%)” 可知，相比之下，去除枯叶对地下动物几乎没有影响，由此可知，影响地块动物丰度的应该是植物的根。故选B项。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Thestudyprovidesnewperspectivesforthemanagementoftheresourcesprovidedbyplantlitterintropicalplantations,contributingtosoilanimalbiodiversity.Thisisimportanttodevelopsustainableagriculturallandscapesinthetropics(该研究为热带人工林凋落物资源的管理提供了新的视角，有助于改善土壤动物的生物多样性。这对于发展热带地区的可持续农业景观非常重要)”可知，土壤动物的生物多样化对热带地区发展可持续性农业景观重要的因素，由此可知，土壤动物的多样化对可持续农业景观很重要。故选A项。DAFinnishstudycoordinatedbytheCentreforPopulationHealthResearchattheUniversityofTurkushowsthataccumulatedadverse(不利的)psychosocialfactorsinchildhoodareassociatedwithworsemidlifelearningandmemory,andspecificallychild’sself-regulationandsocialadjustment.Alongwithagingpopulation,theproblemofcognitivedeficits(缺陷)isgrowing.Thus,revealingtheroleofvariousexposuresbeginningfromchildhoodisimportantinordertobringtoolsforcognitivehealthpromotion.Anadversepsychosocialenvironmentinchildhoodmayharmcognitivedevelopment,buttheassociationsforadulthoodcognitivefunctionremainobscure.Resultsfromalongitudinal(纵向的)Finnishstudyshowthatunfavorablechildhoodpsychosocialfactorsmaybelinkedtopoorerlearningandmemoryinmidlife.“Previousevidenceonadversepsychosocialfactorsandcognitiveoutcomescomesfromshort-termstudiesfocusingonsinglepsychosocialfactororadversity.Thisstudyisaprospectivelongitudinalstudyfocusingontheassociationsbetweenmultiplechildhoodpsychosocialfactorsandadulthoodcognitivefunction,”saysDoctoralResearcherAmandaNurmifromtheCentreforPopulationHealthResearchattheUniversityofTurkuandTurkuUniversityHospital.Cognitiveperformancewasmeasuredattheageof34-49.Ofover2,000participantswithcognitivefunctiondata,1,191alsohadcompletedataonchildhoodpsychosocialfactors.Socioeconomicandemotionalenvironment,parentalhealthbehaviours,stressfulevents,self-regulation,andsocialadjustmentwerequestionedinthebaseline.Theresultssuggestthataccumulationofunfavorablepsychosocialfactorsinchildhoodmayassociatewithpoorercognitivefunctioninmidlife.Specifically,poorself-regulatorybehaviorandsocialadjustmentinchildhoodareassociatedwithpoorerlearningabilityandmemoryapproximately30yearslater.“Theresultsofourstudycanbeemployedtodeveloptargetedinterventionsdirectedtowardsthosefamilieswithaccumulatednegativepsychosocialfactors.Interventionstowardspromotingabetterpsychosocialenvironmentinchildhoodmighthavecarry-overassociationsoncognitivefunctionandthusbereflectedalsoinfuturegenerations throughparentingattitudes,”Nurmisays.32.Whatisthepurposeofrevealingtheroleofvariousexposuresfromchildhood?A.Toprovidedataforscientificresearch.B.Torecordchildren’sgrowthenvironment.C.Tofindmeanstoimprovecognitivehealth.D.Tostresstheimportanceofsurroundings.33.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“obscure”inparagraph2?A.Obvious.B.Secure.C.Efficient.D.Unclear.34.WhatdoesAmandaNurmimainlytalkaboutinparagraph3?A.Thedisadvantagesofthepreviousstudies.B.Thenumberofparticipantsinthenewstudy.C.Thefindingsofthenewstudyandtheoldones.D.Thedifferencebetweenthenewstudyandtheoldones.35.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Poorfamily,hardsocialadjustment.B.Toughchildhood,memoryproblemlater.C.Withpeopleaging,cognitivedeficitsgrowing.D.Adversesurroundings,strongcharacterforming.【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是一项研究发现，童年时期的不良心理社会因素会影响中年学习和记忆力，特别是影响儿童的自我调节和社会适应能力。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thus,revealingtheroleofvariousexposuresbeginningfromchildhoodisimportantinordertobringtoolsforcognitivehealthpromotion.(因此，揭示从童年开始的各种暴露的作用是重要的，以便为促进认知健康提供工具。)”可知，揭示来自于童年时期的各种接触是为了给提升健康认知提供工具，由此可知，这种做法是为了改善认知健康的方式。故选C项。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词前面的“Anadversepsychosocialenvironmentinchildhoodmayharmcognitivedevelopment(儿童时期不良的社会心理环境可能会损害认知发展)”可知，儿童时期的不利的社会心理环境可能损伤认知发展，说明社会心理环境与认知发展是有关系的，再结合but可知，此后的内容与此处应为转折关系，结合选项以及所以划线单词所在的句子“buttheassociationsforadulthoodcognitivefunctionremainobscure.(但与成年期认知功能的关联仍然obscure。)”以及下文“Resultsfromalongitudinal(纵向的 )Finnishstudyshowthatunfavorablechildhoodpsychosocialfactorsmaybelinkedtopoorerlearningandmemoryinmidlife.(芬兰一项纵向研究的结果显示，不利的儿童心理社会因素可能与中年学习和记忆力较差有关。)”可知，芬兰一项纵向研究的结果显示，不利的儿童心理社会因素可能与中年学习和记忆力较差有关，并没有涉及到认知功能，由此可推知，儿童时期不良的社会心理环境与成年认知功能的关联是不清楚的，由此可知，该单词的意思是“不清楚的”。故选D项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Previousevidenceonadversepsychosocialfactorsandcognitiveoutcomescomesfromshort-termstudiesfocusingonsinglepsychosocialfactororadversity.(先前关于不良社会心理因素和认知结果的证据来自于短期研究，主要关注单一社会心理因素或逆境。)”可知，此处介绍了以前的研究关注的内容，根据下文“Thisstudyisaprospectivelongitudinalstudyfocusingontheassociationsbetweenmultiplechildhoodpsychosocialfactorsandadulthoodcognitivefunction(本研究是一项前瞻性的纵向研究，旨在探讨多种儿童心理社会因素与成年期认知功能之间的关系)”可知，这是这次研究关注的内容，由此可知，第三段AmandaNurmi主要是将现在的研究与过去的研究进行了比较，寻求两者之间的不同。故选D项。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段“AFinnishstudycoordinatedbytheCentreforPopulationHealthResearchattheUniversityofTurkushowsthataccumulatedadverse(不利的)psychosocialfactorsinchildhoodareassociatedwithworsemidlifelearningandmemory,andspecificallychild’sself-regulationandsocialadjustment.(由图尔库大学人口健康研究中心协调的一项芬兰研究表明，童年时期积累的不良心理社会因素与中年学习和记忆能力下降有关，特别是儿童的自我调节和社会适应能力下降。)”以及下文对该研究的分析可知，研究发现，儿童时期积累的不利的心理社会因素会影响中年学习和记忆力，尤其会影响儿童的自我调节和社会适应能力，所以本文的标题为“困难的童年，以后的记忆问题”与本文的内容一致，且可以概括全文的主题。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyonewantstoliveahealthierlifeandbehappy.Learninghowtolivebetterandfeelmorepositiveabouttheworldaroundyoucanhelpyouliveahappyandmeaningfullife.Thinkpositively.Thisdoesnotmeanthatyouignorethebadorunpleasantthingsinlife.Itsimplymeansthatyouapproacheverysituationinlife,bothgoodandbad,withapositiveoutlookandaproductivemindset.____36____,trytoidentifythethingsyouthinknegativelyabout,andrecognizewhy.Oryoucanevaluateyour thoughtsandfeelingsthroughouttheday.____37____.Determinewhatyouvaluemost.Everyonehasthingsthatareimportantinlife,butwhatdoyouultimatelyvalueaboveallelse?Don’tthinkaboutphysical,tangiblethings.Instead,focusonthoseinyourlifethatwillgiveyourlifeasenseofmeaningandpurpose.Managestressinyourlife.Youcannotavoidstressfulsituations,butyoucanfindwaystorelieveyourstress.Youcanuserelaxationtechniques,suchasmeditation,visualization,taichi,yoga,anddeepbreathing.____38____.Eatahealthydiet.____39____It’snotenoughtoavoidbadfoods.Youshouldalsobegettingvitaminsandnutrientsfromallofthemajorfoodgroups,andavoidingovereatingorunder-eating.Cultivateahealthylifestyle.____40____,it’simportanttoliveahealthyandactivelifestyle.Howwellyoucareforyourbodyinyourearlyandmiddleyearscangreatlyinfluenceyourhealthlaterinlife.A.FindpurposeinyourlifeB.TostartthinkingmorepositivelyC.MakeupyourmindtochangeD.InadditiontoeatingahealthydietE.TrytofindthenegativeaspectsofpositivesituationsF.WhatyoueatcanhaveahugeimpactonhowyoufeelG.Trytomaintainapositiveattitude,eveninstressfulsituations【答案】36.B37.A38.G39.F40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是学会如何更好地生活以及积极对待周围的世界，可以帮助人们过上幸福而有意义的生活。【36题详解】根据本段主题句“Thinkpositively.(积极思考。)”可知，本段讲述的是积极地思考，分析此空处坐在的句子结构可知，此空应为非谓语动词短语或者是带有连词的句子，B选项“Tostartthinkingmorepositively(为了开始更积极地思考)”符合主题内容，且句式结果符合条件。故选B项。【37题详解】分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句可知，此空处应为祈使句，根据空后的“Determinewhatyouvaluemost.(确定您最看重什么。)”以及“Instead,focusonthoseinyourlifethatwillgiveyourlifeasenseofmeaningandpurpose.(相反，把注意力集中在那些能给你的生活带来意义和目的的事情上。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是找到生活的中重要的事情以及那些能给生活带来以及和目的的事情上，A选项“Findpurposeinyourlife(找到生活目标)”讲述的内容与空后内容吻合且为祈使句。故选A项。 【38题详解】分析语篇可知，此空处应是对该段的总结，根据本段的主题句“Managestressinyourlife.(管理好生活中的压力。)”可知，此空处讲述的内容与管理好压力有关系，G选项“Trytomaintainapositiveattitude,eveninstressfulsituations(即使在有压力的情况下，也要保持积极的态度)”内容与主题一致，且对本段的内容了总结。故选G项。【39题详解】根据本段主题句“Eatahealthydiet.(吃健康的饮食。)”可知，此空处讲述的内容与饮食有关，F选项“Whatyoueatcanhaveahugeimpactonhowyoufeel(你吃的东西会对你的感觉产生巨大的影响)”讲述的是你的饮食对你的感受有很大的影响，与主题内容吻合。故选F项。【40题详解】分析句子结构可知，此处应为短语或者是带有连词的从句，结合选项可知，只有D选项“Inadditiontoeatingahealthydiet(除了吃健康的饮食)”符合条件，且承接了上文“Eatahealthydiet.(吃健康的饮食。)”的内容，起到了承上启下的作用。故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In2018,visuallyimpaired(视障)BerruMerveKulfromKocaeli,TurkeyreceivedherlawdegreefromtheUniversityofSakarya.Withouttheloving____41____ofhermother,HavvaKul,whoreadBerruMerve’slecturenotes____42____throughfouryearsoflawschool,thisachievementwouldnothavebeen____43____.Havvareadallthebooksandlecturenotes,aswellas____44____hervisuallyimpaireddaughterwithherhomework.WhenBerruMerve____45____withadegreeinlawatage22,thestaffatSakaryaUniversity____46____Havvatothestageaswell.Thiswastheuniversity’swayof____47____theirgratitudeandappreciationtoHavvaastheschoolhadnofacilitiesorresourcesforvisuallyimpairedstudents.Havvamadea(n)____48____toensurethatherdaughterwouldgraduatefromlawschool.The____49____helpofhermotherallowedthevisuallyimpairedlawstudentto_____50_____barrierstofinishingherdegree.Havvastayedbyhersideeverydayto_____51_____attendtoallherdaughter’sneeds.UponBerruMerve’sgraduation,theuniversityacknowledgedHavva’sdedicationandcommitmentby_____52_____heranhonorarylawdegree.ProfessorBilen,DeanoftheFacultyofLawofSakaryaUniversity,_____53_____Havvaformanagingtoopendoorsandcreateabetter_____54_____forherdaughter.Thereisnothingmore_____55_____thanfamilyandfriendswhoshowunconditionallovetorelativeswithdisability,includingthevisuallyimpaired.41.A.supplyB.adviceC.methodD.support 42.A.proudlyB.patientlyC.eagerlyD.publicly43.A.apparentB.possibleC.persuasiveD.meaningful44.A.assistedB.loadedC.amusedD.treated45.A.approachedB.appearedC.returnedD.graduated46.A.adaptedB.forcedC.invitedD.assigned47.A.extendingB.evaluatingC.recordingD.comparing48.A.dealB.effortC.changeD.appointment49.A.invaluableB.formalC.distinctD.inaccurate50.A.avoidB.predictC.overcomeD.tolerate51.A.occasionallyB.personallyC.conditionallyD.mentally52.A.awardingB.sellingC.lendingD.booking53.A.ignoredB.comfortedC.praisedD.promoted54.A.careerB.futureC.dreamD.manner55.A.convenientB.familiarC.interestingD.inspiring【答案】41.D42.B43.B44.A45.D46.C47.A48.B49.A50.C51.B52.A53.C54.B55.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是在母亲HavvaKul帮助下，患有视力障碍的女儿BerruMerve顺利获得了法学学位，学校为表达对母亲的感激之情，授予名誉法学学位的故事。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有她的母亲哈娃·库尔(HavvaKul)的慈爱支持，她在法学院的四年时间里耐心地阅读贝鲁·默夫的课堂笔记，她是不可能取得这一成就的。A.supply供应；B.advice建议；C.method方法；D.support支持。根据下文中的“Havvareadallthebooksandlecturenotes,aswellas____4____hervisuallyimpaireddaughterwithherhomework.”可知，此处指的是母亲对女儿的“帮助”。故选D项。【42题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果没有她的母亲哈娃·库尔(HavvaKul)的慈爱支持，她在法学院的四年时间里耐心地阅读贝鲁·默夫的课堂笔记，她是不可能取得这一成就的。A.proudly骄傲地；B.patiently耐心地；C.eagerly渴望地；D.publicly公开地。结合语境可知，她的女儿有视力障碍，所以此处应是“耐心地”给她读课堂笔记。故选B项。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有她的母亲哈娃·库尔(HavvaKul) 的慈爱支持，她在法学院的四年时间里耐心地阅读贝鲁·默夫的课堂笔记，她是不可能取得这一成就的。A.apparent明显的；B.possible可能的；C.persuasive有说服力的；D.meaningful有意义的。根据下文中的“astheschoolhadnofacilitiesorresourcesforvisuallyimpairedstudents.”可知，大学没有给视力损伤的学生提供便利，要是没有母亲的帮助，毕业是不“可能的”符合语境。故选B项。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈娃阅读了所有的书籍和课堂笔记，并帮助她视力受损的女儿完成家庭作业。A.assisted援助；B.loaded装载；C.amused使愉快；D.treated对待。根据上文中的“Havvareadallthebooksandlecturenotes”以及aswellas可知，此处指的是“帮助”符合语境。故选A项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当22岁的BerruMerve获得法律学位时，Sakarya大学的工作人员也邀请Havva上台。A.approached接近；B.appeared出现；C.returned回归；D.graduated毕业。根据下文中的“Havvamadea(n)____8____toensurethatherdaughterwouldgraduatefromlawschool.”可知，此处指的是在女儿获得学位“毕业”的时候。故选D项。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当22岁的BerruMerve获得法律学位时，Sakarya大学的工作人员也邀请Havva上台。A.adapted适应，改编；B.forced强迫；C.invited邀请；D.assigned分配。根据下文中的“Thiswastheuniversity’swayof____7____theirgratitudeandappreciationtoHavva”可知，此处指的是“邀请”母亲Havva上台。故选C项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是学校对Havva表达感谢和感激的方式，因为学校没有为视障学生提供设施和资源。A.extending延伸，提供；B.evaluating评估；C.recording记录；D.comparing比较。根据下文中的“theirgratitudeandappreciationtoHavva”以及语境可知，此处指的是学校为“提供”感谢和感激之情，“extend…to…”意为“向……提供……”符合语境。故选A项。【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈娃努力确保她的女儿能从法学院毕业。A.deal交易；B.effort努力；C.change改变；D.appointment约会。根据下文中的“toensurethatherdaughterwouldgraduatefromlawschool”以及语境可知，母亲应该是“努力”确保自己的女儿从法学院毕业。故选B项。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她母亲的宝贵帮助使这位视力受损的法律专业学生克服了障碍，完成了她的学位。A.invaluable无价的，宝贵的；B.formal正式的；C.distinct有区别的；D.inaccurate不准确的。结合语境可知，在女儿视力有损的情况下，母亲对女儿的帮助时“无价的，宝贵的”。故选A项。 【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她母亲的宝贵帮助使这位视力受损的法律专业学生克服了障碍，完成了她的学位。A.avoid避免；B.predict预测；C.overcome克服；D.tolerate忍受。根据下文的“barrierstofinishingherdegree”可知，能够获得学位对视力有损的人来说应该是“克服”障碍符合语境。故选C项。【51题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：哈娃每天都陪在她身边，亲自照顾女儿的一切需要。A.occasionally偶然；B.personally个人地，亲自地；C.conditionally有条件地；D.mentally精神上地。根据上文中的“Havvastayedbyhersideeveryday”可知，母亲每天陪在身边，应该是“亲自地”符合语境。故选B项。【52题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在BerruMerve毕业时，哈佛大学授予Havva荣誉法律学位，以表彰她的奉献和承诺。A.awarding颁奖；B.selling售卖；C.lending外借；D.booking预订。根据上文中的“theuniversityacknowledgedHavva’sdedicationandcommitment”可知，为了表示对母亲的奉献和承诺的认可，应该是“授予”她荣誉法律学位。故选A项。【53题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨卡雅大学法学院院长Bilen教授称赞Havva为她女儿打开了大门，创造了一个更美好的未来。A.ignored忽略；B.comforted安慰；C.praised表扬；D.promoted促进。根据下文中的“formanagingtoopendoorsandcreateabetter____14____forherdaughter”可知，此处表示由于Havva为她的女儿打开了大门，法学院院长Bilen教授“称赞”她的举动符合语境。故选C项。【54题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨卡雅大学法学院院长Bilen教授称赞Havva为她的女儿打开了大门，创造了一个更美好的未来。A.career职业生涯；B.future未来；C.dream梦想；D.manner方式。根据上文中的“managingtoopendoorsandcreateabetter”以及语境可知，母亲成功的打开一扇大门以及创造了更好的是“未来”。故选B项。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有什么比家人和朋友对残疾的亲人，包括视障人士无条件的爱更鼓舞人心的了。A.convenient便利的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.interesting有趣的；D.inspiring令人鼓舞的。结合语境可知，母亲为确保自己有视力障碍的女儿能顺利大学毕业而无条件帮助女儿，最后获得成功，这样无条件的爱应该是“鼓舞人心的”符合语境。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。ShaoBolin(1930-2023)isrecognized____56____alegendindesignthatcreatedandoversawiconicpostage stamps.ShaopassedawayinJanuary.Lastweek,hisformercolleagues,friendsandrelativesheldagathering____57____(remember)himandrecallhisanecdotes(轶事).Shaohadavivid____58____(imagine),aswellasthespirittoreformtheoutlookofChinesestampdesign,andworkedhardindesign.Shaodesignedmorethan100stamps,manyof____59____arestillhighlysoughtafteramongcollectors.Onehighlysought-afterstamp,the“GoldenMonkeyStamp”,____60____(issue)in1980tocelebratetheYearoftheMonkey.ChinaPostproducedseveralremarkablestampswiththehelpofShaoandotherartists,thus____61____(make)morepeoplelearnabouttheseartistsandtheirwork.Xin,asonofShaoBolinandadesignerinhisownright,sayshisfatherwasinterestedindifferentaspectsofartlikephotography.____62____hedidnotownacamerabecausehewaslivingafrugallifebackinthe1980s,Shaobecame____63____amateurphotographer.Andhe____64____(eventual)purchasedonein1991,theyearheretired.“Myfatherwasdown-to-earthandlow-key.Hebelievedinhardwork.Healwayssaidtousthatknowledgeandabilitieswere_____65_____helpedapersonfindthemselvesaplaceintheworld.”【答案】56.as57.toremember58.imagination59.which60.wasissued61.making62.Though##Although##While63.an64.eventually65.what【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是邮票设计界的传奇人物邵柏林的成就。【56题详解】考查介词。句意：邵柏林(1930-2023)被认为是设计界的传奇人物，他创造并监督了标志性的邮票。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定用法berecognizedas意为“被认为是”符合句意。故填as。【57题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上周，他的前同事、朋友和亲戚举行了一次聚会，纪念他，回忆他的轶事。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以使用不定式形式，且表主动意义。故填toremember。【58题详解】考查名词。句意：邵有着丰富的想象力和改革中国邮票设计观的精神，在设计上努力工作。分析句子结构可知，此处为名词作宾语，imagine的名词为imagination，且空前有不定冠词a。故填imagination。 59题详解】考查定语从句。句意：邵设计了100多枚邮票，其中许多仍然受到收藏者的高度追捧。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少介词of的宾语，所以使用关系代词，先行词“morethan100stamps”指物时，介词之后只能使用which。故填which。【60题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：一九八零年为庆祝猴年而发行的“金猴邮票”广受欢迎。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“in1980”可知，此处为一般过去时，与主语“Onehighlysought-afterstamp”为被动关系，且句子主语为第三人称单数。故填wasissued。【61题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在邵和其他艺术家的帮助下，中国邮政制作了几张出色的邮票，从而让更多的人了解这些艺术家和他们的作品。分析句子结构可知，此处为故非谓语动词作结果状语，与逻辑主语之间为主动关系且与谓语动词同时发生，所以使用现在分词形式。故填making。【62题详解】考查连词。句意：虽然他在上世纪80年代过着节俭的生活，没有相机，但他成为了一名业余摄影师。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的状语从句，结合句意可知，此处为让步状语从句，引导词意为“尽管”。故填Though/Although/While。【63题详解】考查冠词。句意：虽然他在上世纪80年代过着节俭的生活，没有相机，但他成为了一名业余摄影师。分析句子结构可知，photographer为可数名词单数，结合句意，此处表示泛指概念，所以应使用不定冠词，空后的amateur的首个音素为元音。故填an。【64题详解】考查副词。句意：他最终在1991年，也就是他退休那一年，买了一台相机。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语，修饰动词purchased，eventual的副词为eventually意为“最终”符合句意。故填eventually。【65题详解】考查表语从句。句意：他总是对我们说，知识和能力是帮助一个人在世界上找到自己的位置的。”。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的表语从句，从句中缺少句子主语，结合句意，此处指的是物，所以使用连接代词what。故填what。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）66.假定你是李华，三月为“学雷锋，做好事” 活动月，你校组织了许多志愿者活动。请你写一篇短文，向英语校刊投稿。内容包括：1.介绍你校志愿者活动；2.呼吁更多人学雷锋。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。LearnfromLeiFenganddogooddeedsMarch5thisLearningfromLeiFengDay.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】LearnfromLeiFenganddogooddeedsMarch5thisLearningfromLeiFengDay.InordertopromotethespiritofLeiFengandencouragestudentstodogooddeeds,ourschoolorganizedaseriesofvolunteereventsinMarch.Firstofall,apoemcontestwasorganized,inwhichstudentsrecitedpoemscomposedbythemselvesrelatedtoLeiFengspirit.Atweekends,theStudents’UnionarrangedvisitstotheNursingHomenearby,wheretheydidwhattheycouldtomaketheelderlyfeelhappy.Besides,volunteershelpedcleanthestreet,whichwoncleaningstaff’spraise.LeiFengspirithasinspiredgenerationsofChinesepeopleandIhopeanincreasingnumberofstudentscanlearnfromLeiFengandextendhisspirit.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文，要求作者写一篇短文，向英语校刊投稿，介绍我校为迎接三月份的“学雷锋，做好事”活动月，所组织的志愿者活动，并呼吁更多的人学习雷锋。【详解】1.词汇积累鼓励、激励：encourage→inspire比赛：contest→competition与……有关系：berelatedto→belinkedto此外：besides→inaddtion帮助：help→assist 2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：InordertopromotethespiritofLeiFengandencouragestudentstodogooddeeds,ourschoolorganizedaseriesofvolunteereventsinMarch.拓展句：OurschoolorganizedaseriesofvolunteereventsinMarchinorderthattheycouldpromotethespiritofLeiFengandencouragestudentstodogooddeeds,【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstofall,apoemcontestwasorganized,inwhichstudentsrecitedpoemscomposedbythemselvesrelatedtoLeiFengspirit.（运用了一般过去时的被动语态和以关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Atweekends,theStudents’UnionarrangedvisitstotheNursingHomenearby,wheretheydidwhattheycouldtomaketheelderlyfeelhappy.（运用了以关系副词where引导的非限制性定语从句和以连接代词what引导的宾语从句。）第二节（满分25分）67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Eleven-year-oldKristinashoutedonthephone.Vera,hermother,packinglunchesforhertwochildren,heardtheshoutinganddashedtoKristina.Kristinagaveherthephone.Kristinawastalkingtoherfatherathisdoctor’sofficeinMoscow,Russia.“Vlad,whyisKristinashouting?”beganVerainRussian.“VerathisafternoonImustattendaconferenceatherschool.ButIcannotbethere.Ihaveanimportantmeeting.Whydon’tyouattendit?”Vladreplied."HowcanIgo?”“Youarenotgoingtoaforest.You’llbefine!”“Iknow,butIcan’tspeakEnglishproperly.It’saruleatherschool.”“Youcanmanage.GO!”VeraturnedtoKristina,“Kristina,yourfatherisbusy.Iwillcomeinsteadofhim.”Kristinashouted,“Mother,youcan’tspeakEnglish.Howcanyoucometotheconference?NO!”Sheplowedthroughhermotherandransobbing.ButVeraconvincedKristina.Astherewasnooption,sheagreedandleftforschool.Verawasdepressed.ShefeltthatifonlysheknewEnglish,shecouldavoidsuchsituations.But“howisitpossibleformetolearnEnglishwhilebalancingsomanytasks?”Suddenly,sherealizedthatAndreiwasgettinglate,soshegothimreadyandwalkedhimtoschool. Intheafternoon,Veraattendedtheconferenceattheschool.AlltheteachersandstaffgaveawarmwelcometoVera.Kristinakeptquietinghermother.Allshesaidwerephraseslike,“Youareembarrassing!”“Stoptalking!”and“YoudonotknowEnglish!”Ignoringherdaughter’scomments,Veramanagedtokeephercoolandfinishedthemeeting.Afterdeliveringacaketoacustomer,Verawenthometostartdinner.Athome,sheaskedhermother-in-lawwhereKristinawas.ShesaidthatKristinahadgonetostudywithherfriends.Whiletheyweretalking,Kristinawalkedin.Veraasked,“Whydidyougoout?Youcanstudyathome,youknow!”“IhavedoubtsaboutEnglishLiterature.CanYOUclarifythem?”Kristinasaidinanarrogant(傲慢的)tone.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Atdinner,VeracomplainedaboutKristina’sbehaviortoVlad.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thenextday,shesawanadvertisementfromLCC,TheLondonLanguageCenter,ontheTV.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Atdinner,VeracomplainedaboutKristina’sbehaviortoVlad.Buthelaughedandsaid,“Well,ifyouknewEnglish,Kristinawouldnothavetosufferlikethis.”Thenheadded,“Thisfoodisdelicious.Atleastyouaregoodatsomething!”Thatnight,Verawastossingandturningasshethoughtaboutherhurtfeelings.“Likefather,likedaughter.Ifmyhusbanddoesn’trespectme,thenhowcanmychildrenrespectme?ImustlearnEnglish.Nomatterhowharditmaybe,ImustmasterEnglish,”shethought.Thenextday,shesawanadvertisementfromLCC,TheLondonLanguageCenter,ontheTV.TheyofferedEnglish classestonewcomers.Veracalledtheirnumberandsignedupforafour-weekcourse.Everyday,shemanagedtoattendtheclass.ShegraspedeverychancetocommunicateinEnglish.Inthelastweek,shepassedthetestandannouncedthegoodnewstothefamilyinEnglish.Kristinaexcitedlyhuggedherandsaid,“Congratulations,Mum!IamproudofyouandsorryforwhatIsaid.”Verasmiledhappilyandfelt,“Withdetermination,anythingispossible.”【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一位不会说英语的俄罗斯母亲Vera，因丈夫工作繁忙，不得已去参加女儿的家长会。家长会要求参加者必须会说英语，所以Vera全程都受到了女儿的无理提醒和轻视。从此，她下定决心学习英语，她参加了英语学习课程，最终通过了考试，得到了女儿的尊重和道歉，也证明了自己的能力。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“晚餐时，Vera向Vlad抱怨Kristina的行为。”可知，第一段可描写丈夫Vlad也认为Kristina的行为都是因为Vera不会英语所致，由此Vera决心学好英语。②由第二段首句内容“第二天，她在电视上看到LCC，伦敦语言中心的广告。”可知，第二段可描写Vera报名学习英语，并取得了好的成绩，得到了丈夫和女儿的认可和尊重。2.续写线索：抱怨女儿行为——丈夫的不认可和不尊重——决心学习英语——看到LCC广告——报名参加——努力学习——通过考试——女儿认可并道歉——感悟。3.词汇激活：行为类①擅长：begoodat/dowellin②登记、注册：signup/register③提供：offer/provide④抓住：grasp/hold情绪类①尊敬：respect/lookupto②高兴地：happily/joyfully【点睛】【高分句型1】Well,ifyouknewEnglish,Kristinawouldnothavetosufferlikethis.（运用了以连词if引导的条件状语从句和虚拟语气。）【高分句型2】Nomatterhowharditmaybe,ImustmasterEnglish,”shethought.（运用了以nomatterhow引导的让步状语从句。）