重庆市 2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期中试题（Word版附解析）

重庆市朝阳中学2021-2022学年下期高2020级半期考试英语学科试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。1.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Takeaclass.B.Gotoalecture.C.Seeanartshow.2.Whydoesthemandislikethebuilding?A.It’snoisy.B.It’sold.C.It’ssmall.3.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Chairingameeting.B.Repairingacomputer.C.Conductinganinterview.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inastore.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Wheretogo.B.Whattowatch.C.Whentomeet.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydidthemanfailtofindthebook?A.Hecametothewrongfloor.B.Heforgotthenameofthebook.C.Hewasgiventhewronginformation.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Borrowareferencebook.B.Takeatourofthelibrary.C.Askhisteacherforadvice.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whoisthewomanprobably?A.Anactress.B.Ahotelmanager.C.Abox-officeclerk.9.Whendoestheplaystart?A.At6:30pm.B.At7:00pm.C.At7:30pm.10.Whatistheman’swifeprobablydoingnow? A.Havingdinner.B.Makingherselfup.C.Cleaningtheroom.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Brotherandsister.C.Teacherandstudent.12.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Visithisaunt.B.Returnsometickets.C.Seeaplaywithher.13.Whatdoesthewomangivetheman?A.Aletter.B.Abook.C.Somemoney.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatdidthemanthinkoftheworkshopatfirst?A.Itwasworthless.B.Itwashelpful.C.Itwasdifficult.15.WhydoesMr.Grantonlybuygreysuits?A.Theyareinsimplestyle.B.Theymakehimlooksmart.C.Theysavehimfrommakingchoices.16.Whatisthearticlethepresenterrecommendedabout?A.Daydreaming.B.Concentrationskills.C.Businessmanagement.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatmaystudentsattheBRITschoolwanttobeinthefuture?A.Lawyers.B.Reporters.C.Musicians.18.WhatdoweknowabouttheBRITschool?A.It’sauniversity.B.It’sfreetoattend.C.It’saprivateschool.19.WhatisarequirementforstudentsattheBRITschool?A.LivinginLondon.B.Abovetheageof16.C.SpeakingexcellentEnglish.20.HowlongshouldtheBRITschoolstudentsdotheirspecialsubjecteachweek?A.4hours.B.5hours.C.6hours.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15个小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATherearesometypicaltypesoftrainsyou’llfindyourselftravelingoninFrance.SNCF(法国国家铁路公司) operatesamixofhigh-speedservicesonmajorroutesandslowerregionalservicesbetweensmallerstationsaroundFrance.Findoutmoreabouteachtraintypebelow.TGVHigh-speed:upto320km/hConnectsPariswithmajorcitiesinFranceDouble-deckertrainsOneofthemostpopularmodesoftransportforlongdistancetravelinFrance.Thesemoderntrainsrunonaround50high-speedroutesandalwaysrequireareservationinadvance.IntercitesStopsatcitiesnotpartoftheTGVnetworkDayandnightservicesNighttrainsbetweenParisandToulouse,Rodez,BrianconandLatourde-CarolIntercitestrainsaremainlyusedformediumdistancejourneysacrossFrance.AlthoughnotasfastasTGVtrains,theyservicealotofstationsacrossthecountrythataren’tonTGVroutes.ReservationsareusuallyrequiredonmostIntercitesservices.TERRegionaltrains(oneforeachregioninFrance)Low-costStopsatsmallerstationsaroundFranceTERstandsforTransportExpressRegionalandthereare20differentregionalTERservicesoperatingacrossFrance.Popularwithcommuters,you’lllikelyboardoneofthesetrainsforshorterdistancetraveltosmallercitiesandtownsthroughoutFrance.Youwon’tneedareservationtoboardaTERtrain.SleepertrainsOvernighttraveltoseveraldestinationsinFranceComfortableandsecurecabinsOpportunitytosaveonaccommodationOperatedbyThello,thepopularnighttrainrouteinFrancestartsinParisandworksitswaydownintoItaly.Ifyouwanttosavemoneyonaccommodationduringyourtrip,takingasleepertrainletsyouwakeupfeelingrefreshedatyournextdestination.1.WhatdoTGVtrainsandIntercitestrainshaveincommon? A.Bothcantravelat320km/h.B.Botharedouble-deckertrains.C.Bothusuallyrequireareservation.D.BothconnectbigcitiesinEurope.2.WhatisspecialaboutTERservice?A.Itfeaturesnightservices.B.IttravelsasfastasTGVtrains.C.ItissuitableforlongdistancetravelinFrance.D.Itoffersregionalservicesatrelativelylowcosts.3.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inastorybook.B.Inaguidebook.C.Inabiography.D.Inafashionmagazine.【1~3题答案】【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了法国国家铁路公司旗下的一些列车类型的相关信息。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章“TGV”部分中的“alwaysrequireareservationinadvance(总是需要提前预订)”以及“Intercites”部分中的“ReservationsareusuallyrequiredonmostIntercitesservices.(大多数城际列车服务通常需要预订)”可推知，TGV高铁和城际列车的共同点是两者通常都需要预订。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“TER”部分中的“Low-cost(低成本)”以及“TERstandsforTransportExpressRegionalandthereare20differentregional(TER代表运输快线区域，有20个不同的区域)”可知，TER服务的特别之处在于它以相对较低的成本提供区域服务。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章第一段“Therearesometypicaltypesoftrainsyou’llfindyourselftravelingoninFrance.(在法国旅行时，你会发现一些典型的火车类型)”以及“Findoutmoreabouteachtraintypebelow.(了解以下每种列车类型的更多信息)”可推知，本文最有可能出现在旅游指南中。故选B。BJacques-YvesCousteau’sloveofwaterstartedatanearlyage.Bornon11June,1910inSaint-André-de-Cubzac,France,bytheageofjustfourhe’dalreadylearnedtoswim.Thoughhewasprettybadatschool,hehadagiftforunderstandingmechanicalobjects.Asateenager,heboughtamoviecamera,tookitaparttounderstandhowitworkedandthenputitbacktogetheragain.Heusedittocreatehomemovies. In1930,JacquesjoinedtheFrenchNavalAcademyandplannedtobecomeapilot,butthreeyearslaterhehadacaraccidentandgotinjured.Toregainhispower,doctorssuggestedthatheswim,andduringhistravelswiththeFrenchNavyin1936afriendgavehimsomegoggles(护目镜)tohelphimseeunderwater.Hisplanstotaketotheskymighthavebeenkilledbutluckilyhiseyeswereopenedtoamagicalworldunderthesea.In1950,JacquesgotholdofanoldBritishwarshipandturneditintoaresearchvessel(船)thathenamedtheRVCalypso.Heusedittosailaroundtheworldandasabaseforexploringunderwaterhabitatsandshipwrecks(遇难船)—fromtheAntarctictotheAmazon.Buthesoonrealizedthattocollectmoneyforhisresearchheneededtogetthepublicinterested,sohebeganwritingbooksandmakingTVseriesabouthisadventures.HefinallywonthreeOscarsforhisfilms.Inthe1960s,Jacquesjoinedinthreefuturisticprojectstobuildunderwaterlabs,nicknamedConshelfⅠ,ⅡandⅢ.Andin1963heandfiveotherresearchersspent30dayslivingunderthesea!Duringhismanyexplorations,Jacquesbegantonoticetheharmhumansweredoingtothesea,soin1973hesetuptheCousteauSocietyfortheProtectionofOceanLife.Jacquesspenttherestofhislifesupportingenvironmentalcausessuchasbanningwhalehunting.Hediedin1997,butwillalwaysberememberedforhispioneeringunderwaterexploration!4.WhatopenedthedoorforJacquestoexplorethesea?A.Hisexperienceoflearningtoswim.B.HisexperienceoftravelingwiththeFrenchNavy.C.Hisdoctor’sencouragement.D.Hisfriend’ssuggestions.5.WhydidJacquesstarttowritebooks?A.ToaffordhistriptoBritain.B.Tofollowhisdreamsoffilming.C.Toraisemoneyforhisresearch.D.Tosharehistripswiththepublic.6.WhatdidJacquesfindwhenheexploredthesea?A.Humansknewlittleaboutthesea.B.Humanshadharmedtheseaalot.C.Humansdidagreatjobinprotectingthesea.D.Humansshouldbespendingmoremoneyonresearchingthesea.7.Thistextismainlydevelopedby______.A.followingthetimeorderB.makingcomparisonsC.examiningdifferencesD.givingexamples【4~7题答案】【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jacques-YvesCousteau的爱好以及个人经历和成就等信息。【4题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第二段“duringhistravelswiththeFrenchNavyin1936afriendgavehimsomegoggles(护目镜)tohelphimseeunderwater.Hisplanstotaketotheskymighthavebeenkilledbutluckilyhiseyeswereopenedtoamagicalworldunderthesea.(1936年他随法国海军旅行时，一个朋友给了他一些护目镜，帮助他看水下。他飞向天空的计划可能被扼杀了，但幸运的是，他的眼睛看到了海底的一个神奇世界)”可知，Jacques与法国海军一起旅行的经历为他探索海洋打开了大门。故选B。5题详解】细节理解题。通过文章倒数第三段“Buthesoonrealizedthattocollectmoneyforhisresearchheneededtogetthepublicinterested,sohebeganwritingbooksandmakingTVseriesabouthisadventures.(但他很快意识到，要想为自己的研究筹集资金，就必须引起公众的兴趣，于是他开始写书，并把自己的冒险经历拍成电视剧)”可知，Jacques开始写书是为他的研究筹集资金。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。通过文章倒数第二段“Duringhismanyexplorations,Jacquesbegantonoticetheharmhumansweredoingtothesea(在他的多次探索中，Jacques开始注意到人类对海洋的危害)”可知，Jacques探索大海时发现了人类对海洋造成了很大的伤害。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第二段“In1930,JacquesjoinedtheFrenchNavalAcademy(1930年，雅克加入法国海军学院)”、第三段“In1950,JacquesgotholdofanoldBritishwarshipandturneditintoaresearchvessel(1950年，雅克得到了一艘旧的英国战舰，并把它改造成了一艘考察船)”以及第四段“Inthe1960s(在20世纪60年代)”和“in1963(在1963年)”以及“in1973(在1973年)”可推知，本文是遵循时间顺序展开的。故选A。CWe’reoftentold“laughteristhebestmedicine”.Laughterisancientandinstinctual,andafundamentalpartofeverydaylife-somethingmostofusenjoynaturally.TherearecomedychannelsonTV,comedyfestivalsandourfavoritefunnyfriendwho’ssuretogetourgiggleon.Sowhydoweneedlaughterexperts?Surelythey’reforpeoplewhocan’tlaughforwhateverreason.However,whiletheabilitytolaughisinnate,thedecisiontoactivateanduseittoitsfullabilityisachoice.Whenlifegetsstressful;illnesscreepsin;relationshipsareputtothetestorwe’restrugglingfinancially,there’srarelymuchtolaughabout.So,wedon’t.Yettuningintothelighter,morehumoroussideoflife,and activatingone’s“laughterself”iscriticaltomentalhealth.Ratherthanwaitingforsomethingfunnytohappenorforlifetobeabedofroses,wecantransformouremotionalstatebytappingintoourlaughterandhumorresources.Thishelpscreatedistancebetweenusandourpainandimproveourmoodsandresilience(恢复力)tostress.Itprovidesreliefandreleasefromsomeofthestressthathasembeddedinourbodiesandminds,freeingourselvestopowerforward,evenalittle.Ironically,becauselaughterisaninnateandlargelyunconsciousbehavior,it’srarelygivenmuchthought.Asit’sseldomthoughtabout,itcan’tbethatimportant.Wrong.Iflaughingwasamorecomplexbehavior,mybeliefispeoplewouldpaygreaterhonortoit,ratherthansomethingtolaughoff.It’sactuallyoneofthemostcomplicatedthingsourbodiesprocess.Itisavocalmeansofcommunicationbeforelanguageformsandthebrainhasfullydeveloped.Thevastmajorityofusmaintaintheabilitytolaughuntilourfinalcurtaincall,evenamiddecliningcognitivefunction.Turningtowardthehealingpowerofhumorandlaughterassistswithpersonalandprofessionalresilience,performanceandoverallwell-being.Nojoke.8.Theunderlinedword“innate”inthesecondparagraphmeans______.A.frombirthB.fromlearningC.fromdailylifeD.fromachievements9.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldwedowhenthereislittletolaughabout?A.Waitforsomethingfunnytohappen.B.Acceptwhatlifehaspresentedtous.C.Exercisetogetridofthestress.D.Makethemostofourownsenseofhumor.10.Whatdoestheauthorargueinparagraph5?A.Laughingcouldimproveourcognitiveabilities.B.Laughingdeservesourmoreattention.C.Theabilitytolaughformsafterthebrainisfullydeveloped.D.Laughingisacomplicatedmeansofcommunication.11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowLaughterWorksB.HowLaughterBringsUsTogetherC.TheHealthBenefitsofLaughterAreNoJokeD.LaughterExpertsAreinGreatDemand【8~11题答案】【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述笑是最好的解药，以及笑对人生的意义和积极作用。 8题详解】词义猜测题。根据第一段“Laughterisancientandinstinctual,andafundamentalpartofeverydaylife-somethingmostofusenjoynaturally.(笑声是古老而本能的，也是日常生活的基本组成部分，我们大多数人都天然喜欢的东西。)”可知，笑声是本能的，天生的。故划线句句意为：然而，虽然笑的能力是天生的，但决定激活并充分利用它的能力是一种选择。innate表示“天生的”，与frombirth意义一致，故推知故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Whenlifegetsstressful;illnesscreepsin;relationshipsareputtothetestorwe’restrugglingfinancially,there’srarelymuchtolaughabout.So,wedon’t.Yettuningintothelighter,morehumoroussideoflife,andactivatingone’s“laughterself”iscriticaltomentalhealth.Ratherthanwaitingforsomethingfunnytohappenorforlifetobeabedofroses,wecantransformouremotionalstatebytappingintoourlaughterandhumorresources.(当生活变得紧张时，疾病悄悄袭来，人际关系受到考验，或者我们在经济上挣扎，几乎没有什么可笑的。所以，我们没有笑。然而，调整生活中更轻松，更幽默的一面，并激活一个人的“快乐的自我”对心理健康至关重要。与其等待有趣的事情发生或让生活称心如意，我们可以通过让自己处于笑声和幽默资源的中来改变我们的情绪状态。)”可知，当生活中没有什么可笑的事时，可以通过让自己处于笑声中和充分利用幽默来改变我们的情绪状态，故选D。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第五段“Wrong.Iflaughingwasamorecomplexbehavior,mybeliefispeoplewouldpaygreaterhonortoit,ratherthansomethingtolaughoff.It’sactuallyoneofthemostcomplicatedthingsourbodiesprocess.Itisavocalmeansofcommunicationbeforelanguageformsandthebrainhasfullydeveloped.Thevastmajorityofusmaintaintheabilitytolaughuntilourfinalcurtaincall,evenamiddecliningcognitivefunction.(错。如果笑是一种更复杂的行为，我相信人们会给予它更大的尊重，而不是一笑置之。这实际上是我们身体处理的最复杂的事情之一。它是语言形成和大脑完全发育之前的一种声音交流手段。我们绝大多数人一直保持着笑到最后时刻的能力，即使在认知功能下降的情况下也是如此。)”可知，作者在第五段讲述，笑伴随人的一生，是一种复杂的行为。故推知本段讲述笑值得更多的重视和关注，故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Turningtowardthehealingpowerofhumorandlaughterassistswithpersonalandprofessionalresilience,performanceandoverallwell-being.Nojoke.(关注幽默和笑声的治愈力量，有助于个人和专业的恢复能力、表现和整体幸福感。不是玩笑。)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述笑的益处，笑有助于幸福，可以使人得到治愈，笑的好处不是开玩笑的。故选C。DIfyouweretoratethemostwalkablecitiesintheworld,whatwouldyoulookfor?Woulditbehowshaded thesidewalksare?Howmanybenchestherearealongthewaytoyourdestination?Ormaybehowcloseyouaretoshopsorlocalattractions?WelltheresearchersattheInstituteforTransportationandDevelopmentPolicy(ITDP),locatedinNewYork.US,wantedtoknowwhichoftheworld’scitieswerethebestforpedestrians(行人).So,theydidjustthat.Todeterminewhichcitieswerethemostwalkable,theyratedcitiesbasedonfactorssuchashowclosecitizensweretocar-freeareaslikepublicparks,howclosecitizenslivedinrelationtoschoolsandhospitals,andhowshorttheirjourneyswereoverall.Accordingtothestudy,theyfoundthatthemostwalkablecitiesintheworldareLondon,Paris,BogotaandHongKong.Overall,Londonwasatthetopofthelist,outranking(超过)nearly1,000citiesaroundtheworldonthesekeyfactors.“Inordertoprovidesafetyandinvitingwalkingconditionsforallcityresidents,itisessentialtoshiftthebalanceofspaceinourcitiesawayfromcars,providingmoretraveloptionsforpeople,”CEOofITDPHeatherThompsontoldthemagazineCitiesToday.Shecontinued,“Wehavesomuchtogain-fromcleanerairtobetterhealthtostrongerlocaleconomiesanddeeperbondswithincommunities,andweallneedthatnowmorethanever.”Unfortunately,itseemsthatveryfewcitiesmakepedestriansapriority,though.“Ourcitystreetsacrosstheplanetarealreadyfullofcars.Ifyoureallywanttoseetheworstforwalkability,itisthereallysprawling(杂乱无序伸展的)citiesoftheUS,”commentedTaylorReich,aresearchassociateatITDPandtheprimaryauthoroftheguidetomakingcitiesmorewalkable.So,whatcancitiesdotomaketheirstreetsfriendlierforpedestrians?“There’snoonesecretsauce;there’snoonethingyoucandotomakeacitywalkable,”Reichsaid.“It’smanydecisionsthataremadeatalllevelsfromindividualstreetsallthewayuptothecitydesign.”12.What’sthepurposeofthestudy?A.Tocalloncitiestomakestreetsmorewalkable.B.Tofindoutthemostwalkablecitiesaroundtheworld.C.Toinvestigatepedestrians’satisfactionwithcitylife.D.Toexplorefactorsimpactingthewalkabilityofcities.13.Onwhatbasisdoresearchersmeasureacity’swalkability?A.Theamountofgreenspaceonsidewalks.B.Trafficandroadconditionsforpedestrians. C.Thenumberofpublicservicesforpedestrians.D.Accessibilityofcertaindestinationstopedestrians.14.WhatdoesHeatherThompsonsuggesttoimprovewalkingconditions?A.Increasingtravelchoices.B.Developinglocaleconomies.C.Limitingthenumberofcars.D.Connectinglocalcommunities.15.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A.Carsaremajorcontributorstoreducedwalkability.B.UScitiesaredesignedtogiveprioritytopedestrians.C.Itiseveryone’sresponsibilitytomakeacitywalkable.D.Bothsmallandlargescalemeasuresarerequiredtoimprovewalkability.【12~15题答案】【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是研究表明最适合步行的城市是伦敦、巴黎、波哥大和香港，然而，很少有城市会优先考虑行人。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Well,theresearchersattheInstituteforTransportationandDevelopmentPolicy(ITDP),locatedinNewYork.US,wantedtoknowwhichoftheworld’scitieswerethebestforpedestrians.(位于纽约的交通与发展政策研究所的研究人员说。美国，想知道世界上哪些城市最适合行人)”可知，这项研究的目的是找出世界上最适合步行的城市。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Todeterminewhichcitieswerethemostwalkable,theyratedcitiesbasedonfactorssuchashowclosecitizensweretocar-freeareaslikepublicparks,howclosecitizenslivedinrelationtoschoolsandhospitals,andhowshorttheirjourneyswereoverall.(为了确定哪些城市最适合步行，他们根据一些因素对城市进行了排名，比如市民离公园等无车区有多近，居民住的地方离学校和医院有多近，以及他们的总体路程有多短)”可知，研究人员依据行人可到达某些目的地来衡量一个城市的可步行性。故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的“Inordertoprovidesafetyandinvitingwalkingconditionsforallcityresidents,itisessentialtoshiftthebalanceofspaceinourcitiesawayfromcars,providingmoretraveloptionsforpeople(为了为所有城市居民提供安全和吸引人的步行条件，至关重要的是改变我们城市空间的平衡，远离汽车，为人们提供更多的旅行选择)”可知，希瑟·汤普森建议增加旅游的选择来改善步行条件。故选A。 【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段的“It’smanydecisionsthataremadeatalllevelsfromindividualstreetsallthewayuptothecitydesign(从单个街道到城市设计，各个层面都要做出很多决定)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是需要采取小规模和大规模的措施来提高可步行性。故选D。第二节（共5小题；5小题2.5，满分12.5）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Maybeyourmomordadhastoldyou,“Turnthatdownbeforeyougodeaf!”Well,theyhaveapoint.___16___Youalsocouldhavetinnitus(耳鸣),whichisamedicaltermforringingintheears.Yourearscanfeel“full”,too.Althoughyourhearingoftenreturnstonormal,thedangerouspartisthatyoucanloseitpermanentlyifyoulistentoloudnoiseormusicoverandoveragain.Ifsomeoneisexposedtoloudnoiseoveralongperiodoftime,permanenthearinglosscanoccur.___17___That’swhyconstructionworkersandfactoryworkersneedtowearearprotection.___18___Somefamousmusicianshavesufferedhearinglossanddevelopedtinnitus-arealproblemforsomeonewhoneedstoheartomakeandenjoymusic.That’swhynowyoumightnoticethatsomeofyourfavoritemusicianswearhearingprotectionwhilethey’replaying.___19___Saveyourearsbywearingearprotectionwhenyou’reusingmachinery.Alsoremembertoturndownthevolume,especiallywhenyou’rewearingheadphonesorearbudsorinthecar.Youalsomightwanttogiveyourearsarestonceinawhileifyoulikewearingheadphones.___20___A.Youtoocanhelpkeepyourhearingingoodshape.B.However,pleasantsounds,likemusic,dolessharmtohearing.C.Takethesestepsnowandyouwon’tbesaying“What?”lateron.D.Listeningtoloudmusicalotcancausethesamekindofdamage.E.Hearingprotectiondevicescomewithdifferentnoisereductionratings.F.Thismeanstheperson’shearingwon’teverbeasgoodasitoncewas.G.Temporaryhearinglosscanhappenafteryou’vebeenexposedtoloudnoiseforanyduration.【16~20题答案】【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.A20.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了噪音对听力的不良影响以及相对应的解决措施。【16题详解】 根据上文“Maybeyourmomordadhastoldyou,“Turnthatdownbeforeyougodeaf!”Well,theyhaveapoint.”（也许你的妈妈或爸爸告诉过你，“在你变聋之前，把声音关小!”他们说得有道理）根据下文“Youalsocouldhavetinnitus(耳鸣),whichisamedicaltermforringingintheears.”（你也可能有耳鸣，这是一个医学术语，指的是耳朵嗡嗡响）可知，选项承接上文，说明噪音对耳朵的影响。故G选项“当你长时间暴露在巨大的噪音中，就会出现暂时性的听力丧失”。Temporaryhearingloss呼应tinnitus。故选G项。【17题详解】根据上文“Ifsomeoneisexposedtoloudnoiseoveralongperiodoftime,permanenthearinglosscanoccur.”（如果一个人长时间暴露在巨大的噪音中，可能会造成永久性的听力损失）可知，选项承接上文继续补充说明永久性的听力损失的后果。故F选项“这意味着这个人的听力再也不会像以前那么好了”切题。故选F项。【18题详解】根据下文“Somefamousmusicianshavesufferedhearinglossanddevelopedtinnitus-arealproblemforsomeonewhoneedstoheartomakeandenjoymusic.”（一些著名的音乐家有听力损失和耳鸣——对于那些需要听才能创作和享受音乐的人来说，这是一个真正的问题。）可知，选项说明音乐对耳朵造成的伤害。故D选项“经常听吵闹的音乐也会造成同样的损害”切题。故选D项。【19题详解】根据下文“Saveyourearsbywearingearprotectionwhenyou’reusingmachinery.Alsoremembertoturndownthevolume,especiallywhenyou’rewearingheadphonesorearbudsorinthecar.”（当你使用机器时，戴上护耳装置来保护你的耳朵。还记得调低音量，尤其是当你戴着耳机或耳塞或在车里的时候）可知选项承接下文说明可以人为的保护耳朵。故A选项“你也可以帮助保持良好的听力”切题。故选A项。【20题详解】根据上文“Saveyourearsbywearingearprotectionwhenyou’reusingmachinery.Alsoremembertoturndownthevolume,especiallywhenyou’rewearingheadphonesorearbudsorinthecar.Youalsomightwanttogiveyourearsarestonceinawhileifyoulikewearingheadphones.”（当你使用机器时，戴上护耳器来保护你的耳朵。还记得把音量调低，尤其是当你戴着耳机、耳塞或在车里的时候。如果你喜欢戴耳机，你也可以偶尔让耳朵休息一下。）可知，选项总结上文，说明这些措施的作用。故C选项“现在就采取这些措施，你就不会说“什么?””切题。故选C项。第三部分语言应用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给出的A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenArfelCondova-RojaswasbikingtoJamaicaBayWildlifeRefugelastNovember,sheplannedtogobird-watching.Bingo!Amileintoherwalk,shesawafemale____21____nearthewater’sedge.Cordova-Rojas hadworkedatawildbirdrehab(康复)centerand____22____thatswanscanbeaggressive.Butassheapproachedthistime,itdidn’t____23____.Shewascertainthatthebirdneeded____24____attention.Cordova-Rojasputherjacketoverthebird’sheadtokeepitcalm,____25____pickeditupandhelditinherarms.Andthenathought____26____her:WhatshouldIdonow?Herbest____27____wastherehabcenter,butthatwasontheothersideoftown.Howwasshegoingtotransporta17-poundswanonher____28____allthatway?Luckily,some____29____drivingbyofferedher,herbikeandtheswana(n)_____30_____totherehabcenter.Staffmembersattherehabcenter_____31_____thattheswanmighthavelead(铅)poisoning.Theygottheswanbackuponherfeet._____32_____,theswanhadabacterialinfection.TwomonthsafterCordova-Rojascametoher_____33_____,shepassedaway.It’sa(n)_____34_____ending,butthestoryshowsjusthowfarpeoplearewillingtogoto_____35_____animals.21.A.bird-watcherB.passer-byC.duckD.swan22.A.knewB.guessedC.claimedD.admitted23.A.continueB.moveC.leaveD.wait24.A.medicalB.constantC.publicD.normal25.A.quicklyB.bravelyC.carefullyD.proudly26.A.stoppedB.passedC.struckD.reminded27.A.resultB.supportC.solutionD.wish28.A.backB.seatC.feetD.bike29.A.doctorsB.workersC.friendsD.strangers30.A.accessB.liftC.callD.invitation31.A.assumedB.determinedC.deniedD.examined32.A.SadlyB.GraduallyC.AccidentallyD.Finally33.A.rescueB.centerC.helpD.way34.A.unexpectedB.naturalC.goodD.disappointing35.A.raiseB.saveC.respectD.change【21~35题答案】【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.A25.C26.C27.C28.D29.D30.B31.B32.A33.A34.D35.B【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是主人公拯救一只天鹅的故事，虽然最后天鹅仍然死去了，但这个故事显示了人们在拯救动物方面的意愿。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：走了一英里后，她在水边看到了一只雌天鹅。A.bird-watcher鸟类观察者；B.passer-by过路人；C.duck鸭子；D.swan天鹅。根据下文“…thatswanscanbeaggressive”可知，她知道天鹅是有攻击性的，由此可知，她在水边看到了一只雌天鹅。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Cordova-Rojas曾在一家野生鸟类康复中心工作，她知道天鹅可能具有攻击性。A.knew知道；B.guessed猜测；C.claimed声称；D.admitted承认。根据句中“Cordova-Rojashadworkedatawildbirdrehab(康复)center”可知，她曾在一家野生鸟类康复中心工作，由此可知，她对野生鸟类有一些了解，知道天鹅可能具有攻击性。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这次当她靠近时，它没有移动。A.continue持续；B.move移动；C.leave离开；D.wait等待。上文提到天鹅可能具有攻击性，再根据句中转折连词“But”可知，本以为天鹅可能具有攻击性，但这次当她靠近时，天鹅却没有移动。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她确信这只鸟需要医疗护理。A.medical医疗的；B.constant不断的；C.public公众的；D.normal正常的。根据下文“Cordova-Rojasputherjacketoverthebird’sheadtokeepitcalm”和“theswanmighthavelead(铅)poisoning”可知，她把夹克放在鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，并且下文提到这只天鹅是铅中毒，由此可知，她确信这只鸟需要医疗护理。故选A项。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Cordova-Rojas把夹克套在鸟的头上，让它保持冷静，小心地把它捡起来，抱在怀里。A.quickly迅速地；B.bravely勇敢地；C.carefully小心地；D.proudly骄傲地。根据上下文内容可知，这只天鹅可能是铅中毒，需要医疗护理，健康状况不好，由此可知，她是小心地把它捡起来，怕弄伤它。故选C项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她突然想到：我现在该做什么？A.stopped停止；B.passed通过；C.struck突然想到；D.reminded提醒。根据句中“WhatshouldIdonow?”可知，“我现在该做什么？”是她突然想到的问题。故选C项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她最好的解决办法是去康复中心，但那是在镇的另一边。A.result结果；B.support 支持；C.solution解决办法；D.wish愿望。根据上文内容可知，天鹅的健康状况不好，由此可知，去康复中心是这种情况下最好的解决办法。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她怎么能一路骑着自行车去运送一只17磅重的天鹅呢？A.back背部；B.seat座位；C.feet脚；D.bike自行车。根据上文“WhenArfelCondova-RojaswasbikingtoJamaicaBayWildlifeRefugelastNovember”中的“biking”可知，她是骑车前往野生动物保护区的，由此可知，句中指骑着自行车去运送一只17磅重的天鹅。故选D项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一些路过的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去康复中心。A.doctors医生；B.workers工人；C.friends朋友；D.strangers陌生人。根据上文内容和句中“drivingby”可知，她是独自一人去野生动物保护区的，由此可知，是路过的陌生人给予她帮助。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一些路过的陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去康复中心。A.access通道；B.lift搭便车；C.call通话，需求；D.invitation邀请。根据句中“drivingby”可知，陌生人是开车行驶的，由此可知，陌生人让她、她的自行车和天鹅搭便车去了康复中心，“offer…alift”意为“让……搭便车”。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：康复中心的工作人员确定天鹅可能是铅中毒。A.assumed假设；B.determined查明，确定；C.denied否定；D.examined检查。根据句中“leadpoisoning”可知，句中指康复中心的工作人员经过检查，确定天鹅可能是铅中毒。故选B项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，天鹅受到了细菌感染。A.Sadly不幸地；B.Gradually逐渐地；C.Accidentally意外地；D.Finally最后。根据句中“theswanhadabacterialinfection”和下文“shepassedaway”可知，天鹅受到了细菌感染，死去了，由此可知，这是不幸的。故选A项。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Cordova-Rojas救了她两个月后，她去世了。A.rescue救援；B.center中心；C.help帮助；D.way方法。根据上文内容可知，是Cordova-Rojas救了天鹅，由此可知，句中指在Cordova-Rojas救了天鹅两个月后，天鹅去世了，“cometoone’srescue”意为“救援某人”。故选A项【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但这个故事显示了人们在拯救动物方面的意愿。A.unexpected出乎意料的；B.natural自然的；C.good好的；D.disappointing 令人失望的。根据上文内容可知，天鹅受到了细菌感染，死去了，由此可知，这是一个令人失望的结局。故选D项。35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个令人失望的结局，但这个故事显示了人们在拯救动物方面的意愿。A.raise举起；B.save拯救；C.respect尊敬；D.change改变。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述的是主人公拯救一只天鹅的故事，由此可知，这个故事显示了人们在拯救动物方面的意愿。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Morethan500piecesofrelics___36___(discover)attheSanxingduiRuinssitelastyear.Therelicsincludegoldenmasks,jadeandivoryartifactsandbronzewares___37___wereexquisitely(精美地)builtand___38___(unique)shaped,saidtheSichuanProvincialCulturalHeritageAdministrationonSept9,2021.TangFei,chiefoftheResearchInstitute,said,“Thenewdiscoveriesdemonstrateonceagainthattheimaginationand___39___(create)oftheancientChinesefarsurpassed___40___peopletodayhadexpected.”Tang___41___(add)thattheexcavationofthenewpitsenteredacriticalstage,___42___moreitemsyettobeunearthed.Healsoanticipatedthattheitemsfoundwouldchallengethe___43___(convention)wisdomofarchaeologists.___44___(locate)inthecityofGuanghan,around60kmfromChengdu,theruinscoveringanareaof12squarekmarebelievedtobetherelicsoftheShuKingdom,____45____(date)backsome4,500to3,000years.【36~45题答案】【答案】36.werediscovered37.which##that38.uniquely39.creativity40.what41.added42.with43.conventional44.Located45.dating【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了三星堆遗址发现的文物以及文物的重要意义。【36题详解】考查时态语态。句意：去年在三星堆遗址发现了500多件文物。根据“lastyear”可知，本句为一般过去时，主语Morethan500piecesofrelics与谓语discover为被动关系。故填werediscovered。 【37题详解】考查关系词。句意：四川省文物局于2021年9月9日表示，这些文物包括金面具、玉器、象牙制品和青铜器，做工精细，造型独特。bronzewares为先行词，指物，作定语从句的主语，关系代词为which或者that。故填which/that。【38题详解】考查副词。句意：四川省文物局于2021年9月9日表示，这些文物包括金面具、玉器、象牙制品和青铜器，做工精细，造型独特。副词uniquely作状语修饰动词shaped。故填uniquely。【39题详解】考查名词。句意：研究所所长唐飞说:“这些新发现再次表明，古代中国人的想象力和创造力远远超出了今天人们的预期。空处填名词与imagination作主语，表示创造力用“creativity”为不可数名词。故填creativity。【40题详解】考查连接词。句意：研究所所长唐飞说:“这些新发现再次表明，古代中国人的想象力和创造力远远超出了今天人们的预期。surpassed后接宾语从句,从句缺少expect的宾语，连接词为what。故填what。【41题详解】考查语态。句意：唐补充说，新坑的挖掘进入了一个关键阶段，还有更多的物品尚未出土。根据“entered”可知，空处在描述过去发生的事情，所以本句为一般过去时。故填added。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：唐补充说，新坑的挖掘进入了一个关键阶段，还有更多的物品尚未出土。本句为with的复合结构，作状语。故填with。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：他还预计，这些发现的物品将挑战考古学家的传统智慧。形容词conventional作定语修饰wisdom。故填conventional。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该遗址位于距成都约60公里的广汉市，占地12平方公里，被认为是距今约4500年至3000年的蜀国遗迹。belocatedin“位于”。本句为过去分词作状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Located。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该遗址位于距成都约60公里的广汉市，占地12平方公里，被认为是距今约4500年至3000年的蜀国遗迹。空处为非谓语动词，与ShuKingdom在逻辑上是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填dating。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假设你的英国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国家庭的家风家训很感兴趣，并请你介绍相关内容。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：1.家训对于一个家庭的意义；2.你家的家训以及它对你的影响。提示词：家训familymotto注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【46题答案】【答案】DearJim,Howiseverythinggoing?Inyouremail,you’vementionedthatyouareinterestedinaChinesefamilymotto.SohereIam,writingtoyouaboutmyfamilymotto.InChina,afamilymottoisashortphraseorsloganthatsummarizesyourfamily’sbeliefsandvalues.Furthermore,itforgesfamilymembersintoagroupthatholdsontothesamebeliefdespitetheirindividualdifferences.Takemyfamilyforinstance.Ourfamilymottois“Stillwaterrunsdeep”,forwebelievethatapersonwhoisusuallyquietandreservedcanalsobethoughtful,intelligent,passionateandlively.Thismottoislikearingingbell,alwaysremindingmeofthetruthofstillwater:Thereismuchmorehidingbeneaththesurface.Thisiswhatmyfamilymottomeanstome.Whataboutyou?Doesyourfamilyhaveafamilymotto?I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，向朋友Jim介绍中国家庭的家风家训。【详解】1.词汇积累格言：motto→maxim概括：summarize→generalize 聪明的：intelligent→smart精力充沛的：lively→energetic2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Thismottoislikearingingbell,alwaysremindingmeofthetruthofstillwater:Thereismuchmorehidingbeneaththesurface.拓展句：Thismottoislikearingingbell,becauseitalwaysremindsmeofthetruthofstillwater:Thereismuchmorehidingbeneaththesurface.【点睛】[高分句型1]Ourfamilymottois“Stillwaterrunsdeep”,forwebelievethatapersonwhoisusuallyquietandreservedcanalsobethoughtful,intelligent,passionateandlively.（运用that引导宾语从句。who引导定语从句）[高分句型2]Thisiswhatmyfamilymottomeanstome.（运用what引导表语从句）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。Anniewashavinganawfulday.Andithadonlyjustbegun.Hercarhadaflattireinthemorning.Shespilledcoffeeonhershirtandevenworse,themanbehindthecounterhadgivenherincorrectchange(找零的钱).Andnowshewasrunninglateforwork—anothershift(轮班工作)atthegrocerystore.Anniepulledintothegrocerystoreparkinglot,openedhercardoorandimmediatelysteppedintoapuddle(水坑).Sheletoutaloudsighandangrilyheadedtowardthestore.Shepausedbrieflytowipeoffherfeetandheardtwoladieschatting.“I’msosorrytohearaboutyourjob,Mary.”“Thankyou,Sarah.Somanypeoplehavebeenfiredrecently.It’sworrying,butI’llfiguresomethingout.”Briefly,Anniefeltslightlyjealousofthewoman.Shewouldgiveanythingtonothavetobeatworkthismorning.Shedroppedoffherthingsinthebreakroomandputonheruniform.Then,shemadeherwaytoherregisterforanotherlongday,hopingthatherluckwouldchange.Butherfirstcustomerspilledabottleofjuiceonhercounter,leavingitstickywellafterhehadpaidandleft.Anotherinsistedonpayinginallchange,holdingupherlineforages.Anniewasclosetojustthrowinginthetowelandaskingtoleaveearly.Butshefiguredshewouldhavetowaituntilshewentonbreak.Thatway,she’dhavetimetothinkofanexcuse.Annieabsent-mindedlycontinuedtoringup(记入收款机)hernextcustomer’sgroceries,placingtheminthebagbeforereadingoutthetotal. “Itcomesto$44.97,”Anniesaid.Therewasabriefpause,andwhenshelookedup,shesawMary—thewomansheheardchattingintheparkinglot.Marypulledherwalletfromherlargebagandopenedit.Shebitherlipandblushed(脸红).Anniecouldseethatshedidn’thaveenoughtopayasshereachedtostarttakingsomeoftheitemsoutofagrocerybag.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Anniereachedoutandstoppedher.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Mary’stearsmadeAnnierealizethatshehadbeensoselfish.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【47题答案】【答案】Anniereachedoutandstoppedher.Shehadhadenoughandcouldn’tbearitanylonger.Allshewantedwasabreak.Impatiently,AnnieaskedMarytostepasidetomakeroomforothercustomers;afterall,shedidn’twantanybodytoholdupherlineagain.Faceburning,Marywhisperedanapologyandmovedaside,makingspaceforthenextcustomer.Whenshewascarefullychoosingwhichitemstoleavebehind,othercustomerswerewhispering,castingpitifulglancesather.Atthatmoment,AnniecaughttearswellingupinMary’seyes!Mary’stearsmadeAnnierealizethatshehadbeensoselfish.Howcouldshebesorudeandsomean?“Wasmydaythatterrible?ShouldIhavebeenmorepatient?Mary,likesomanyordinarypeople,isinsuchadifficultsituation.ShouldI,stillluckilyworking,treatthispoorwomanlikethis?”Feelingguiltyandashamed,Anniepaidtherestofthebill,placedtheitemsbackintothebag,handedherthereceiptandwishedheragoodday.【解析】【分析】这是一篇读后续写。文章讲述了Annie经历了糟糕的一个上午后，又轮班在杂货店工作时，遇到一位刚失业的女士在付款时钱不够。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“安妮伸手拦住了她”可知，第一段可描写安妮变得不耐烦，觉得玛丽阻碍了她正常的工作，让她先让其他顾客结账。 ②由第二段首句内容“玛丽的眼泪使安妮意识到她太自私了”可知，第二段可描写安妮意识到自己问题，主动做一些事情来弥补自己的错误。2.续写线索：阻止玛丽结账——玛丽受到委屈——安妮意识自己问题——安妮弥补自己错误3.词汇激活行为类①留空位：makeroom/makespace②放：put/place③递：hand/pass/give情绪类①忍受：stand/bear/putupwith②眼睛充满眼泪：Tearsfillingone’seyes/tearswellingupinone’seyes③同情的：pitiful/sympathetic【点睛】[高分句型1].Allshewantedwasabreak（使用定语从句）[高分句型2].Faceburning,Marywhisperedanapologyandmovedaside,makingspaceforthenextcustomer.（使用独立主格结构以及使用现在分词做状语）听力答案：1—5:ABCCB6—10:ABCCB11—15:CBAAC16—20:ACBAB