山东省潍坊安丘市、高密市、诸城市2021-2022学年高二英语下学期期中考试试题（Word版附解析）

2022年5月份期中检测试题高二英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分75分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Goforawalk.B.WatchTV.C.Readabook.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Buyingmaterials.B.Paintingapicture.C.Preparingforanartlesson.3.WhendidMattstartplayingthepiano?AAt7.B.At11.C.At18.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inasupermarket.C.Inakitchen.5.Whathelpsthemangettosleep?A.Goingforarun.B.Readingabook.C.Drinkingaglassofhotmilk.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdoesJoshdofirst?A.Setthetable.B.Bakeapie.C.Makeasalad.7.Howmanytomatoesdothespeakershaveatleast?A.Two.B.Four.C.Seven. 听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whendidthewomanhaveherannualcheck-up?A.Severaldaysago.B.Severalweeksago.C.Severalmonthsago.9.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonext?A.Togetthetestresults.B.Totalkwithanotherdoctor.C.Toscheduleanappointmentwiththewoman.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whyarethreepeopleabsentaccordingtotheman?A.Theyarelate.B.Theycanceled.C.Theyarenervous.11.Whatisthewoman’smostimportantskillforthejob?A.Sheisatrainedteacher.B.ShewritesEnglishwell.C.ShespeaksEnglishfluently.12.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Disappointed.B.Surprised.C.Confident.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhoisJulie?A.Theman’ssister.B.Theman’swife.C.Theman’sfriend.14.HowdoesJuliegettowork?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bybike.15.WhatdoesJulie’sbossthinkofher?A.Sheshouldarriveearlier.B.Sheisunfitforthejob.C.Sheworksverywell.16.WhatdoesJuliedoinhernewjob?A.Shewritesletters.B.Shemakesreports.C.Sheinterviewspeople.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatisthediscountonSaturday?A.10%.B.15%.C.20%. 18.Whatdoesthestoreprobablysell?A.Clothing.B.Children’sgoods.C.Petproducts.19.Howdoesthespeakersuggestcustomersgettothestore?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.20.Howdocustomershaveachancetogetaprize?A.Bybuyingaticket.B.Byfillingoutaform.C.Bywearingsomethinggreen.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheNobelLiteraturePrizesareawardedtothepersonswhoshallhaveproducedinthefieldofliteraturethemostoutstandingworkinanidealdirection.Thefollowingsaresomefamousfemalewinnersinrecentyears.LouiseGlückTheNobelPrizewinnerinLiterature2020.Childhood,familylife,relationshipsanddeatharefrequentthemesinhercollections.Gluckseeksouttheuniversal.TherichEnglish-languagepoetrytraditionisherprimaryliterarysourceofinspiration.Glück’slanguageisfreeofpoeticformalitiesandsheoftenusesdailyspokenlanguage.AliceMunroTheNobelPrizewinnerinLiterature2013.AliceMunrohasdevotedherliterarycareermostlytoshortstories.Theunderlyingthemesofherworkareoftenrelationshipproblemsandmoralconflicts.Therelationshipbetweenmemoryandrealityisanotherfrequentthemesheusestocreatetension.Sheisabletodemonstratetheimpactthatseeminglysmalleventscanhaveonaperson’slife.HertaMüllerTheNobelPrizewinnerinLiterature2009.HerworksarerootedinherexperiencesasoneofRomania’sGerman-speakingracialminority.Müllerdescribeshowdictatorship(独裁)causesafearandsenseofdistancethatstaysinanindividual’smind.Withpreciselanguage,sherecallsimagesfromthepast.SvetlanaAlexievichShewontheNobelPrizeinLiteraturein2015.SvetlanaAlexievichrepresentslifeduringand aftertheSovietUnionthroughtheexperienceofindividuals.Personalexperienceshavebeenanimportantpartforherworks.Sheusesinterviewstocreateapictureofawiderangeofvoices.Withher“documentarynovels”,Alexievichmovesintheboundarybetweenreportingandfiction.1.Whoseworksdoesastudentlovingpoemsprobablyread?A.LouiseGlück.B.AliceMunro.C.HertaMüller.D.SvetlanaAlexievich.2.WhatisAliceMunroskilledin?A.Writingshortstories.B.Describingsignificantevents.C.Balancingmemoryandreality.D.Dealingwithrelationshipproblems.3.Whatdothelasttwowinners’workshaveincommon?A.Thelanguagestyleisprecise.B.Theyhavesimilarbackgrounds.C.Theyarerootedinpeople’sreallifeexperiences.D.Thefocusistherelationshipbetweenindividuals.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了近年来一些获得诺贝尔文学奖的著名的女性获奖者和她们的作品，包括LouiseGlück(路易丝·格鲁克)，AliceMunro(艾丽丝·门罗)，HertaMüller(赫塔·米勒)和SvetlanaAlexievich(斯维特拉娜·阿列克谢耶维奇)。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“LouiseGlück”部分内容“TherichEnglish-languagepoetrytraditionisherprimaryliterarysourceofinspiration.(丰富的英语诗歌传统是她主要的文学灵感来源。)”可知，LouiseGlück的创作灵感来源于英语诗歌传统，因此，一个热爱诗歌的学生可能会读LouiseGlück的作品。故选A项。2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“AliceMunro”部分内容“AliceMunrohasdevotedherliterarycareermostlytoshortstories.(AliceMunro的文学生涯主要致力于短篇小说。)”可知，AliceMunro主要致力于短篇小说，即，她擅长写短篇小说。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章“HertaMüller”部分内容“Herworksarerootedinherexperiencesasone ofRomania’sGerman-speakingracialminority.(她的作品植根于她作为罗马尼亚德语少数民族的经历。)”可知，HertaMüller的作品根植于她作为少数民族的个人经历；“SvetlanaAlexievich”部分内容“SvetlanaAlexievichrepresentslifeduringandaftertheSovietUnionthroughtheexperienceofindividuals.(SvetlanaAlexievich通过个人的经历展现了苏联时期和之后的生活。)”同样提及SvetlanaAlexievich的作品讲述了个人经历。因此可推知，二人的共同点在于她们的作品都植根于真实生活经历。故选C项。BLinoMarrero,14,ofFrisco,Texas,wasonthesoccerfieldwhenthenewinspirationhit.Duringabreakinpractice,Linodiscoveredthathissmartphonewasdeadandhedidn’thaveacharger.Hismindwanderedbacktoalessoninschoolonkineticenergy,akindofenergyproducedbyanobjectinmotion.Linothought,“WhatifIcouldmakeuseoftheenergywastedonthefieldtopowerthephone?”ThatmomentledLinotoinventtheKineticKickz2.0.It’ssomethinglikearechargeablebatterythatfitsintothesole(鞋底)ofashoe,collectingenergyproducedfromwalking.Theenergycanthenbeusedtopowerportabledevices.Marrerocalculatesthat12minutesofwalkingcangenerateenoughkineticenergytocharge10%ofacellphonebattery.Adevicelikethiscouldchangeeverydaylifeformanypeople.Allaroundtheworld,therearepeoplewhodon’thaveaccesstoelectricity.Beingabletoevenlightupalittlelightbulbontheirceilingwouldmakeabigdifference.Hedreamedthatthetechnologycouldbeusedtocreatecleanenergyandlimittheeffectsofclimatechange.Linocameupwithhisfirstinventionwhenhewasinfourthgrade.HeinventedStringRinganadjustablebanthatprotectsthefingersastheymovealongthestringsofacello.Itwonfirstplaceinastatecompetition.NowLino’sdevelopingaStringRingforguitarplayer.“It’susuallybeenabouthelpingotherpeople,forme,”Linosaysaboutinventing.Theninthgraderencouragesotherstoseetheireverydayproblemsasopportunitiestocomeupwithideasforinventions,too.“Kidsarebetterinventorsthangrown-upsattimes,becausetheycanbemorecreative,”Linosays.“Ijustwanttoinspiremorepeopletowanttobecomeinventorsandhelpchangetheworld.”4.WhatmotivatedLinotoinventKineticKickz2.0? A.Hiseverydaypracticeonthesoccerfield.B.Hisconcernsfortheenvironmentprotection.C.Thehelplessnesswhenhisphonewasoutofpower.D.Theknowledgehelearnedduringhisphysicslessons.5.WhatdoestheKineticKickzdo?A.Itchangespeople’sthoughtoffashion.B.Itpromotestheperformanceofbatteries.C.Ithascompletelychangedpeople’slife.D.Itcouldstoretheenergygeneratedfrommoving.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMarrero?A.Responsibleandcreative.B.Devotedandambitious.C.Demandingandcooperative.D.Optimisticandgenerous.7.Whatdoesthetextintendtodo?A.Presentanewtechnology.B.Tellastoryofaninventiveboy.C.Introduceanenergy-gatheringdevice.D.Explainthewaytobecomeaninventor.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了来自德克萨斯州弗里斯科的14岁的利诺·马雷罗(LinoMarrero)发明KineticKickz2.0的过程。【4题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句“Duringabreakinpractice,Linodiscoveredthathissmartphonewasdeadandhedidn’thaveacharger.(在一次训练休息时，利诺发现他的智能手机没电了，而且他没有充电器)”和第三段第一句“ThatmomentledLinotoinventtheKineticKickz2.0(这一时刻促使Lino发明了KineticKickz2.0)”可知，是Lino训练时手机没电了，又没带充电器，那个场景下促使他发明了KineticKickz2.0。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“It’ssomethinglikearechargeablebatterythatfitsintothesole(鞋底)ofashoe,collectingenergyproducedfromwalking.(它就像一个可充电电池，安装在鞋底，收集行走产生的能量)”可知，KineticKickz2.0可以收集行走产生的能量。故选D项。【6题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“It’susuallybeenabouthelpingotherpeople,forme.(它对我来说，这通常是为了帮助别人)”和他的各种发明可知，他是一个有责任心和有创造了的人。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章第一段提出来自德克萨斯州弗里斯科的14岁的利诺·马雷罗(LinoMarrero)灵感迸发时正在足球场上，然后详细介绍了他发明的KineticKickz2.0。由此可知，本文主要讲述了一个有创造力的男孩的故事。故选B项。CProductplacementisaformofadvertisinginwhichacompanypaysadirectortoplaceitsproductonthesetofamovieorTVshow.Itisn’tnew.Theoldestexamplesdateallthewaybacktotheinventionofmotionpictures,whentheLeverBrothers’SunlightSoapappearedintheLumierefilmsin1896.Butasstreaminghasbecomemorepopular,productplacementshavebecomeanevenmoreattractiveoptionforadvertisersnow.Whenwatchingwebvideos,mostconsumerseitherskiporignoretheadvertisementsthatrunbeforethevideostarts.Soasadvertisersstruggletoreachconsumers,theyareincreasinglyturningtoproductplacement,spendingadvertisingbudgetstogettheiradvertisementsintomediacontentinwaysthatcan’tbeskippedorignored.Studieshaveshowntheyincreaseviewers’awarenessofproductsandtheirpositiveattitudestowardthem.Notallproductplacementsareeffective,though.Thosethatseemtoinfluenceviewersthemostarethosethatstrikethecarefulbalancebetweenbeingnoticeableandnottooboring.Viewerstendtobeturnedoffiftheproductplacementistoonoticable,aswhenacharacterintheshowholdstheproductandtalksaboutit.Viewersaremostinfluencedbyproductplacementsinwhichtheproductorbrandnameisspokenbyoneofthecharactersbutnotshown.Alsoviewersmaybemoreattractedtoproductplacementsthatappearearlierinashowormovie.Becausewebecomemoreengagedintheplotandcharactersofashowormovieasitprogresses.Ifaplacementappearsattheclimax—themomentwhenourattentionisfixedonwhatwillhappennext—we’reeitherlesslikelytonoticetheplacementormorelikelytobeannoyedifwedonoticeit.Withincreasingonlineviewersandbetterdesignedproductplacement,perhapsadvertiserswillconsiderproductplacementtheirfirstchoiceanddecreasetheirspendingontraditionaladvertising, likeTVandprintads.8.Whatcanweknowaboutproductplacement?A.Itispopularnowadays.B.Itmakesstreamingattractive.C.ItfirstappearedinTVshows.D.Itaimstomakevideosinteresting.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inparagraph2referto?A.Advertisments.B.Videos.C.Advertisers.D.Consumers.10.Whichisthemosteffectiveproductplacementinamovie?A.Theproductisshownbeforethemovieison.B.Theproductappearsinaconversationattheclimax.C.Theproductisinthecharacter’shandatthebeginning.D.Theproductismentionednotlongafterthemovieison.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Productplacement:afuturetrendforadvertisingB.Productplacement:anewdrivingforcebehindmoviesC.Productplacement:amirroroftheadvertisementhistoryD.Productplacement:aperfectcompaniontoonlinevideos【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了植入式广告是未来的广告趋势，同时讨论了什么样的植入式广告效果更好。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Butasstreaminghasbecomemorepopular,productplacementshavebecomeanevenmoreattractiveoptionforadvertisersnow.”(但随着流媒体越来越受欢迎，植入式广告对广告商来说也变得更具吸引力。)可知，植入式广告现在很流行。故选A。【9题详解】指代猜测题。根据第二段“Soasadvertisersstruggletoreachconsumers,theyareincreasinglyturningtoproductplacement,spendingadvertisingbudgetstogettheiradvertisementsintomediacontentinwaysthatcan’tbeskippedorignored.”(因此，随着广告商努力接近消费者，他们越来越多地转向植入式广告，将广告预算投入到媒体内容中，使其不能被跳过或忽视。)可知，they 指代前面的advertisers“广告商”。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Alsoviewersmaybemoreattractedtoproductplacementsthatappearearlierinashowormovie.”(观众也可能更容易被电视剧或电影中较早出现的植入式广告所吸引。)可知，电影中最有效的植入式广告是电影上映后不久。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Withincreasingonlineviewersandbetterdesignedproductplacement,perhapsadvertiserswillconsiderproductplacementtheirfirstchoiceanddecreasetheirspendingontraditionaladvertising,likeTVandprintads.”(随着越来越多的在线观众和设计更好的植入式广告，也许广告商会把植入式广告作为他们的第一选择，减少在传统广告上的支出，比如电视和平面广告。)可知，文章主要介绍了植入式广告是未来的广告趋势，同时讨论了什么样的植入式广告效果更好。由此可知，A项“植入式广告：广告的未来趋势”最适合做标题。故选A。DWhatwouldyouthinkisthemostplentifulman-madematerialonearth?Steel,plastic,glass?Theanswerisconcrete.Andwhileit’sanincrediblyusefulmaterialexistingeverywhere,theenergyintensiveprocessofmakingconcretereleasesmassiveamountsofCO2intotheatmosphere,anditsmaincomponent,whichisamixtureofrocks,sand,waterandmostimportantly,cement(水泥)toglueitaltogether,isresponsiblefor7percentofglobalCO2emissions,leavingahugecarbonfootprint.Butwithoutcement,concretedoesn’tholdupskyscrapers.Whatiftherewasawaythatinsteadofreleasingcarbondioxide,concretecouldtrapitforever?CarbonCureiskindofthebrainsofthetechnology.Thisinnovationputscarbondioxideintotheconcreteasit’sbeingmixed.Whentheconcretehardens,thoseotherwiseharmfulemissionsaretrappedforever,beforetheyevenreachouratmosphere.ChristieGamble,partoftheteambehindCarbonCure’stechnology,explained,“WeactuallytransformtheCO2intoamineral,andtherealsellingpointisthatthemineralitselfimprovesthecompressive(压缩的)strengthfortheconcrete,whichmeansproducerslikeThomasConcretecanuselesscementintheirmixturesandstillachievethesamestrengthwithfeweremissions.CompressiontestsprovethattheconcretemadewithCarbonCureisjustashardyasthe traditionalstuff.Ifwecanreduce5percentofthecarbonfootprintoftheconcreteindustry,that’sasignificantchangefromwherewe’rerightnow.Ultimately,ifthistechnologywasemployedacrosstheglobe,wecouldreduceabout700megatonsofCO2everyyear,whichisthesameastaking150millioncarsofftheroadeveryyear.It’sgoingtochangethewaytheconcreteindustrydoesthings.ThoughcompaniespaytouseCarbonCureandbuyCO2fromafactory,theysavemoneybyusinglessoftheirmostexpensivecement.12.What’sthemainfocusonconcreteinparagraph2?A.Itsmakeup.B.Itsseriousairpollution.C.Itsdailyuse.D.Itsproducingprocess.13.HowdoesCarbonCurework?A.ByaddinganewmineraltoCO2.B.Byhardeningtheconcretemorequickly.C.Byimprovingthequalityofthecement.D.Bytrappingcarbondioxideintheconcrete.14.Inwhatwaydoestheauthorillustratetheeco-benefitofCarbonCure?A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.D.Byprovidingevidence.15.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Topresentaproblem.B.Toexplainaprocess.C.Toadvocateanaction.D.Tointroduceasolution.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了混泥土是地球上最多产的人造材料，它的产生给人类带来了好处，但也有一些环境问题。文章也提出了解决混泥土产生碳排放的方法。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段话“mostimportantly,cement(水泥)toglueitaltogether,isresponsiblefor7percentofglobalCO2emissions,leavingahugecarbonfootprint.(最重要的是，将其粘合在一起的水泥，占全球二氧化碳排放量的7%，留下了巨大的碳足迹。)”可知，构成混泥土重要的成分之一——水泥，会排放二氧化碳，对环境有影响，故选B项。【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段话“CarbonCureiskindofthebrainsofthetechnology.Thisinnovationputscarbondioxideintotheconcreteasit’sbeingmixed.Whentheconcretehardens,thoseotherwiseharmfulemissionsaretrappedforever,beforetheyevenreachouratmosphere.(碳疗是技术的大脑。这项创新在混凝土混合的过程中把二氧化碳加入到混凝土中。当混凝土变硬时，那些本来有害的排放物甚至在进入我们的大气层之前就被永远截留了。)”可知，CarbonCure把碳在排放之前截留了，故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段话“Ifwecanreduce5percentofthecarbonfootprintoftheconcreteindustry,that’sasignificantchangefromwherewe’rerightnow.Ultimately,ifthistechnologywasemployedacrosstheglobe,wecouldreduceabout700megatonsofCO2everyyear,whichisthesameastaking150millioncarsofftheroadeveryyear.(如果我们能减少混凝土行业5%的碳足迹，那将是一个巨大的改变。最终，如果这项技术在全球范围内应用，我们每年可以减少大约7亿吨的二氧化碳，这相当于每年减少1.5亿辆汽车。)”可知，作者通过比较前后的变化来论证CarbonCure给我们带来的好处。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段话“Whatiftherewasawaythatinsteadofreleasingcarbondioxide,concretecouldtrapitforever?(有没有一种方法可以让混凝土永远困住二氧化碳，而不是释放二氧化碳呢?)”可知，文章通过引出问题到中间提出解决方法，主要是告诉读者我们可以解决混泥土碳排放的方法。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheLondonUndergroundistheoldestundergroundtrainnetworkintheworld.Openedin1863,thereareatotalofelevenlines,270stationsandover400kmoftrack.____16____Itcarriesabout3millionpassengerseveryday.Thedeepeststationsareover60metresbelowthesurface,however,55%ofthetracksrunaboveit.Inthe1830sLondon’sauthoritieshadtheideaoflinkingthecentreofLondonwiththelargetrainstationswhichwerelocatedfartheraway.____17____Woodencarriageswerepoweredbysteamengine.Thesystemoftracksgraduallyexpanded.Bytheendofthe19thcenturymostlinesusedelectricitytopowerthetrains. TheLondonUndergroundnormallyoperatesdailybetween5a.m.andmidnight.Somelinesstayopenthroughoutthenightonspecialoccasions,likeNewYear’sEve.LondonUndergroundstationscangetverycrowdedduringtheweekdayrushhours.____18____Thewell-knownsymboloftheLondonUnderground,aredcirclewithabluebar,wasdevelopedatthebeginningofthe20thcenturyandhasnotchangedmuchsincethen.____19____Manyoriginalstationshavebeenrestoredandlooksimilartothewaytheydidoveracenturyago.____20____BecausethewaterleveloftheThamesisconstantlyontherise,thousandsofcubicmetresofwatermustbepumpedoutofsomeoftheundergroundstationseveryday.Althoughsomanypeopleusetheundergroundeveryday,thesafetyrecordofthesystemisverygood.A.In1863thefirstundergroundrailwayopened.B.Twodifferenttypesoftrainstravelacrossthecity.C.Thatmakesitthethirdlongestsubwaysystemintheworld.D.Overthedecadesundergroundstationshavebeenmodernized.E.Eventhoughthesystemissolarge,trainsusuallyrunontime.F.TheLondonUndergroundalsofacesenvironmentalproblems.GSomeofLondon’sUndergroundstationshaveaspecialarchitecturalvalue.【答案】16.C17.A18.E19.G20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了伦敦地铁建造历史以及发展情况。【16题详解】根据上文“TheLondonUndergroundistheoldestundergroundtrainnetworkintheworld.Openedin1863,thereareatotalofelevenlines,270stationsandover400kmoftrack.(伦敦地铁是世界上最古老的地铁网络。1863年开通，共有11条线路，270个车站和400多公里的轨道)”以及后文“Itcarriesabout3millionpassengerseveryday.Thedeepeststationsareover60metresbelowthesurface,however,55%ofthetracksrunaboveit.(它每天运送大约300万名乘客。最深的车站在地表以下60米以上，然而，55%的铁轨在地表以上)”可知，上文提到了伦敦地铁的长度，故本句承接上文对它进行评价：世界上第三长的地铁系统。故C选项“这使它成为世界上第三长的地铁系统”符合语境，故选C。 【17题详解】根据上文“Inthe1830sLondon’sauthoritieshadtheideaoflinkingthecentreofLondonwiththelargetrainstationswhichwerelocatedfartheraway.(在19世纪30年代，伦敦当局有一个想法，将伦敦市中心与位于更远的大型火车站连接起来)”以及后文“Woodencarriageswerepoweredbysteamengine.Thesystemoftracksgraduallyexpanded.Bytheendofthe19thcenturymostlinesusedelectricitytopowerthetrains.(木制车厢由蒸汽机驱动。铁路系统逐渐扩大。到19世纪末，大多数线路都使用电力为火车提供动力)”可知，本句具体说明伦敦当局是如何把市中心和火车站连接起来的：第一条地下铁路。故A选项“1863年第一条地下铁路开通了”符合语境，故选A。【18题详解】根据上文“TheLondonUndergroundnormallyoperatesdailybetween5a.m.andmidnight.Somelinesstayopenthroughoutthenightonspecialoccasions,likeNewYear’sEve.LondonUndergroundstationscangetverycrowdedduringtheweekdayrushhours.(伦敦地铁通常每天早上5点到午夜运营。在一些特殊场合，比如除夕，一些线路会彻夜开放。伦敦地铁站在工作日的高峰时间会非常拥挤)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明地铁的运行状况。故E选项“即使这个系统如此庞大，列车通常还是准点运行”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据上文“Thewell-knownsymboloftheLondonUnderground,aredcirclewithabluebar,wasdevelopedatthebeginningofthe20thcenturyandhasnotchangedmuchsincethen.(著名的伦敦地铁标志，红圈蓝条，是20世纪初开发出来的，从那时起就没有太大的变化)”以及后文“Manyoriginalstationshavebeenrestoredandlooksimilartothewaytheydidoveracenturyago.(许多原来的车站已被修复，看起来与一个多世纪前的样子相似)”可知，后文提到了原来的车站被修复后看起来与一个多世纪前的样子相似，说明一些地铁站具有一些特殊的建筑价值，所以被复原成了原来的样子。故G选项“伦敦的一些地铁站具有特殊的建筑价值”符合语境，故选G。【20题详解】根据后文“BecausethewaterleveloftheThamesisconstantlyontherise,thousandsofcubicmetresofwatermustbepumpedoutofsomeoftheundergroundstationseveryday.(由于泰晤士河的水位不断上升，每天必须从一些地铁站抽出数千立方米的水)”可知，本段主要是关于伦敦地铁面临的环境方面的问题。故F选项“伦敦地铁也面临着环境问题”符合语境，故选F。 第三部分语言运用（共三节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Nevercriticizesomeoneuntilyouhavewalkedinamileintheirshoes.Duringthepast25years,I’veoftenfoundthatthesayinghashelpedmesee____21____fromadifferentview.OnceIwasonmywaytoapartywithseveral____22____.Aswewereleavingtheoffice,wemetanotherone,Wendy,whohad____23____plannedtoattendtheevent.Weaskedhertogotogether,butshe____24____ourinvitationrudely.Theotherswerequiteannoyedandclearly____25____withWendy’sbehavior.____26____howtiredWendyappeared,Icommentedthatperhapsweshouldpardonher.Shewasobviouslyhavinga____27____day,anditwasn’tworthholdingagrudge(恶意)againstherifweweren’t____28____ofwhatledtoherunusualbehavior.Aweeklater,I____29____thatWendyhadaseriousillness.Wendywasn’tbeingrudetous_____30_____.Whetherit’safamilymemberwholetme_____31_____,afriendwhodoesn’tkeephis_____32_____,oradifficultworkmate,thesaying_____33_____me.Althoughit’snotalwayseasyto_____34_____,I’vebeenabletogetridofalotof_____35_____overtheyearsbyfocusingonit.21.A.faultsB.situationsC.complaintsD.evidences22.A.customersB.fellowsC.neighborsD.relatives23.A.justB.seldomC.previouslyD.quickly24.A.refusedB.acceptedC.suspectedD.ignored25.A.angryB.strictC.worriedD.pleased26.A.RespondingtoB.ReflectingonC.ApartfromD.Intermsof27.A.busyB.luckyC.goodD.bad28.A.afraidB.awareC.proudD.fond29.A.learnedB.realizedC.determinedD.concluded30.A.byaccidentB.ondutyC.onpurposeD.inreturn31.A.outB.inC.downD.off32.A.judgmentB.dignityC.balanceD.promise33.A.honorsB.disturbsC.guidesD.comforts 34.A.persuadeB.achieveC.forgiveD.calculate35.A.habitsB.dangerC.ideasD.annoyance【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.A25.A26.B27.D28.B29.A30.C31.C32.D33.C34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者受到一句话的指导，在面对生活中令人不快、烦闷的情况时，懂得换位思考，从而避免了很多不必要的负面情绪。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我经常发现，曾经贴在冰箱上的话会帮助我以不同的视角观察形势。A.faults错误；B.situations形势；C.complaints抱怨；D.evidence证据。根据下文“Theotherswerequiteannoyedandclearly_5___withWendy’sbehaviour.”和“Shewasobviouslyhavinga____7____day,anditwasn’tworthholdingagrudge(恶意)againstherifweweren’t__8__ofwhatledtoherunusualbehaviour.”可知，作者的确不同于其他人对待令人生气的事情的态度，懂得换位思考，换个角度考虑问题。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我正要和几个同事一起去参加派对。A.customers顾客；B.fellows同事；C.neighbors邻居；D.relatives亲戚。根据后文“Aswewereleavingtheoffice,wemetanotherone,”可知，与作者同行的是她的同事。故选B项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：温蒂之前还打算参加这次活动。A.just刚刚；B.seldom很少；C.previously之前；D.quickly快速地。根据后文“Weaskedhertogotogether,”可知，温蒂在与作者相遇之前，应当原本是打算一道去参加活动的。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们让她和我们一起走，但是她粗暴地拒绝了我们的邀请。A.refused拒绝；B.accepted接受；C.suspected怀疑；D.ignored忽略。根据空前“Weaskedhertogotogeher,but...”可知，原本我们是约好一起去派对的，可令我们意想不到的是，温蒂却临时变卦，且态度粗暴地回应我们。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他同事非常恼火，对她的行为感到很气愤。A.angry生的；B.strict严格的；C.worried担忧的；D.pleased高兴的。根据前文“Theotherswerequite annoyed”可知，温蒂如此粗暴的态度，我的几位同事应该感到生气。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我回想起温蒂当时很疲惫，所以我说也许我们应当原谅她。A.Resondingto回应；B.Reflectingon回想；C.Apartfrom除了；D.Intermsof就……而言。根据后文“Icommentedthatperhapsweshouldforgiveher.”可知，作者此时应当是与温蒂分开之后，回想起她当时的精神状态，试着理解她如此反常的态度。故选B项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显她今天过得很糟糕。A.busy忙碌；B.lucky幸运的；C.good好的；D.bad坏的。根据前文“Icommentedthatperhapsweshouldforgiveher.”可知，作者此时应当是换位思考，猜想温蒂应当是工作累了一天，因此导致她发脾气，认为她的行为是事出有因。故选D项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果我们没有意识到她的反常行为的原因，就不值得对她心怀不满。A.afraid害怕的；B.aware意识到的；C.proud骄傲的；D.fond喜爱的。根据下文“Aweeklater,I__9__thatWendyhadaseriousillness.”可知，作者认为不明白温蒂反常行为背后的原因，只是心中愤懑是没有意义的。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一周之后，我得知温蒂患了严重的疾病。A.learned得知；B.realized意识到；C.determined决心；D.concluded下结论。根据后文“Wendyhadaseriousillness.”可知，作者得知了温蒂生病的消息，终于明白了她上次行为反常的原因了。故选A项。【30题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：温蒂并非故意对我们态度粗鲁。A.byaccident意外地；B.onduty值班；C.onpurpose故意；D.inreturn作为回报。根据前文“Weaskedhertogotogether,butshe__4___ouriniationroughly(粗暴地).”可知，作者也就明白了温蒂当时并非是对我们粗鲁，而是因为得知自己患重病的消息而心烦意乱。故选C项。【31题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：无论是让我们失望的家人，还是背叛我们信任的朋友，抑或是一个很难相处的同事，这些话都会为我指明方向。A.out向外；B.in里面；C.down向下；D.off离开。letsbdown意为“让某人感到失望”。根据后文“afriendwhobetrayed(背叛)my__12__oradifficultworkmate”都指让我们感到生气的身边的人。故选C项。 【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论是让我们失望的家人，还是背叛我们信任的朋友，抑或是一个很难相处的同事，这些话都会为我指明方向。A.judgment判断；B.dignity尊严；C.balance平衡；D.promise承诺。根据后文“oradifficultworkmate”可知，作者列举了生活中我们亲近的人也许会非常让我们恼火生气，难相处的同事和背信弃义的朋友，这些都需要我们以不同的角度和释然的态度看待。keepone’spromise意为“信守承诺”，故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论是让我们失望的家人，还是背叛我们信任的朋友，抑或是一个很难相处的同事，这些话都会为我指明方向。A.honors尊敬；B.disturbs打扰；C.guides指引；D.comforts安慰。根据前文“I’veoftenfoundthatthemessageusedtobeonmyfridgehashelpedmesee__1__fromadifferentview.”可知，冰箱上的标语一直指导作者摆脱生活中的烦恼。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管做到这一点并不容易，但这些年以来，我都能够专注于这个具有魔力的句子而摆脱烦恼和不满的情绪。A.persuade说服；B.achieve实现；C.forgive原谅；D.calculate计算。根据后文“I’vebeenabletogetridofalotof__15___overtheyearsbyfocusingonit.”和转折连词although可知，尽管换位思考，不动辄批评他人并不容易作者这些年还是通过这种方式，成功地消除了很多生活中很难原谅的烦闷不满和生气等内心负能量。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管做到这一点并不容易，但这些年以来，我都能够专注于它而摆脱烦恼和不满的情绪。A.habits习惯；B.danger危险；C.ideas想法；D.annoyance烦恼。根据前文“Theotherswerequiteannoyedandclearly___5___withWendy’sbehaviour.__6___howtiredWendyappeared,Icommentedthatperhapsweshouldforgiveher.”可知，作者遇到令人不快的情况时，并不会像其他人立刻心生烦闷和不满，而懂得换位思考，体谅他人，从而避免负能量。故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。GrainBuds,orXiaoman,the____36____(eight)ofthe24solartermsofayear,usuallyfallsonMay21,markingthe____37____(arrive)ofhotsummeranddownpours. JustlikeitsEnglishname“GrainBuds”,Xiaomanisaperiodoftimewhenthegrainsareabouttoripenbutarenotquitethereyet,____38____isalsoreferredtoasthewaterfallinthesouthernareaofChina.Iftherainfallissufficient,thefollowingseasonofriceplanting____39____(guarantee).Whenitarrives,rainfallincreasesacrossthecountryandtemperature____40____(gap)betweennorthandsouthnarrow.Duringtheperiod,wavesofwheatarebright,pomegranateareredasfires,andlotusbudsstandupright,____41____(create)acharmingearlysummerscene.Theflavor(气味)forthisperiodoftimecombinessweetandbitterness.Cherrywithsweetandjuicytasteis____42____(definite)thebestchoiceforthebeginningofsummer.Bitterherbs,richindiversifiedvitaminsandmineralsubstances,are____43____mustduringthesummerperiod.Xiaoman,alwaysused____44____ametaphorforthebeststateoflifeinChineseculture,_____45_____(indicate)weshouldmaintainaconstantstateofbalanceinthecharacterandattitudetowardslife.【答案】36.eighth37.arrival38.which39.willbeguaranteed40.gaps41.creating42.definitely43.a44.as45.indicates【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国二十四节气中的小满，介绍了小满的象征意义以及所孕育的生活态度。【36题详解】考查序数词。句意：谷蕾，或称小满，是二十四节气中的第八节气，通常在5月21日，标志着炎热的夏季和暴雨的到来。根据下文的“ofthe24solartermsofayear”可知，空处指的是第八个节气，所以用序数词形式。故填eighth。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：谷蕾，或称小满，是二十四节气中的第八节气，通常在5月21日，标志着炎热的夏季和暴雨的到来。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处为名词形式。故填arrival。【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：小满，就像它的英文名字“谷蕾”一样，是指谷物即将成熟但尚未成熟的时期，也被称为中国南方的瀑布。句中先行词为“aperiodoftime”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。【39题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：如果雨量充足，下一季的水稻种植就有保障。if引导的从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时；主语thefollowingseasonofriceplanting和guarantee之间存在被动关系，所以空处为一般将来时的被动语态。故填willbeguaranteed。【40题详解】考查名词复数。句意：当它到来时，全国的降雨量增加，南北之间的温度差距缩小。本句为一般现在时，根据本句的谓语动词narrow可知，主语为复数形式。故填gaps。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这一时期，麦浪如潮，石榴红如火，荷花挺拔，创造了景色迷人的初夏场景。表示主句一句话所带来的自然而然的结果，所以用v-ing形式，作结果状语。故填creating。【42题详解】考查副词。句意：香甜多汁的樱桃绝对是初夏的最佳选择。修饰整个句子，用副词形式。故填definitely。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：苦中草药富含多种维生素和矿物质，是夏季的必备品。must为名词时，表示“一件必须做的事情或必备品”，为可数名词，且以辅音音素开头，所以其前用不定冠词a。故填a。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：在中国文化中，“小满”常被比喻为一种最好的生活状态，它表明我们应该在性格和生活态度上保持一种恒定的平衡状态。固定短语：beusedas“被当做……”。故填as。【45题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在中国文化中，“小满”常被比喻为一种最好的生活状态，它表明我们应该在性格和生活态度上保持一种恒定的平衡状态。根据上下文可知，空处为一般现在时；主语Xiaoman为单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填indicates。 第三节单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）根据首字母和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。46.Anothersimpleformofpoemthata______(业余爱好者)caneasilywriteisthecinquain.（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】amateursmateurs【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：另一种业余爱好者很容易写的简单的诗歌形式是五首诗。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“业余爱好者”可知应填名词amateur，作主语，前文没有冠词，用复数形式。故填amateurs。47.Theguestswouldbearrivingsoon，soClaired______(让某人离开)Tonyfortherestofthenight.（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】dismissedismissed【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：客人们很快就要到了，所以克莱尔让托尼离开了一晚上。根据汉语提示“让某人离开”，以及上文would可知此处应填谓语动词的一般过去时形式，故填dismissed。48.Iwassoe_____________________(热情的)abouttheideaofgoingalongwiththemthatIsecretlywentaboardhisship(根据中英文提示单词拼写)【答案】enthusiastic【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我很想和他们一起去，所以我偷偷上了他的船。结合首字母和汉语提示，表示“热情的”为形容词enthusiastic，在句中作表语。故填enthusiastic。49.Itseggsh______(孵出；破壳)afterabouttendays,andthenthebabyplatypusnursesfromitsmotherlikeallothermammals.（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】hatchatch【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：鸭嘴兽的蛋大约10天后孵化，然后幼兽像其他哺乳动物一样从母亲那里哺育。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示“孵出；破壳”可知应填动词hatch，结合后文nurses可知为一般现在时，主语为eggs，谓语用原形。故填hatch。 50.Governmentsneedtoconsidermakingp________(政策)andtakingappropriateactionsandmeasurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.（根据中英文提示填空）【答案】policies【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：政府需要考虑制定相应政策、采取合理方法和措施来减少温室气体的排放。分析句子可知，空白处作making的宾语，需要名词，应使用policy表示“政策”，而这里的政策显然指一系列政策，应使用复数形式。故填policies。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）51.假定你是李华，你校英文报拟举办英语诗歌创作比赛，现向同学们征集优秀作品。请你用英语写一则通知，内容包括：1.活动目的；2.具体要求（主题、语言、词数等）；3.截稿日期及投稿方式。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Notice________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:NoticeAimedatfuelingstudents’enthusiasmforlearningEnglishandenrichingourschoollife,theEnglishPoetryWritingCompetitionistobeheldbytheSchoolEnglishNewspaperthismonth.Requirementsareasfollows:Firstly,allentriesmusthaveapositivetheme.Also,itisadvisedtousecreativeandrichexpressionstoconveyyourtruefeelingswithamaximumof100words.Pleasesubmityourworkstoenglishnewspaper163.combeforeMay30,2022.Lookingforwardtoyouractiveparticipation.【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，你校英文报拟举办英语诗歌创作比赛，现向同学们征集优秀作品。请你用英语写一则通知。【详解】1.词汇积累激发：fuel→inspire主题：theme→topic建议：advise→suggest表达：convey→express2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Aimedatfuelingstudents’enthusiasmforlearningEnglishandenrichingourschoollife,theEnglishPoetryWritingCompetitionistobeheldbytheSchoolEnglishNewspaperthismonth.拓展句：TheEnglishPoetryWritingCompetitionistobeheldbytheSchoolEnglishNewspaperthismonth,whoseaimistofuelstudents’enthusiasmforlearningEnglishandenrichingourschoollife.【点睛】[高分句型1]Aimedatfuelingstudents’enthusiasmforlearningEnglishandenrichingourschoollife,theEnglishPoetryWritingCompetitionistobeheldbytheSchoolEnglishNewspaperthismonth.(运用了过去分词作状语)[高分句型2]Also,itisadvisedtousecreativeandrichexpressionstoconveyyourtruefeelingswithamaximumof100words.(运用了it作形式主语)第二节（满分25分）52.阅读下面短文，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。KelseyGillandandherhusbandwereshoppingatPetSmart,lookingforacompanyforoneoftheirdogs,anddecidedtogoandseeiftheyhadanyadoptablecatsthatday.ThepastfewtimeswhenthecouplewenttoPetSmart,therehadn’tbeenany.Butthatdaytheyweredelightedtoseetwoadorablecatshangingout.Theywereonlygoingtolook—buttheirdogPaisleighhadotherplans.AssoonasPaisleighsawoneofthecats,Oliver,shewascompletelyattractedbyhim.Theinstantthetwointeractedthroughtheglass,theyseemedtohaveaspecialconnectionrightoffthebat.“WhenIsawthewaytheyreactedtogether,myhusbandlookedatmeandsaid,‘Babe,it’sanorangecat,isn’tthatwhatyou’vebeenwanting?’Everythinginmesaid,‘YES!Please,let’stakehimhome!’”GillandwasworriedabouthowOliverwouldfitinwiththefamily’stwoothercats,though,and sothecoupleleftPetSmartwithoutOliver,muchtoPaisleigh’sdisappointment.Thatnight,Gillandcouldn’tstopthinkingaboutOliver.ThewayheandPaisleighconnectedhadbeensuchmagic,andshebegantothinkthatmaybehewasmeanttobeapartoftheirfamily.“IthoughtaboutthatsweetkittyallnightlongandwhenIwoke…IwantedtogobacktoPetSmarttoseeifhewasstillthere,”Gillandsaid.“Myhusbandwasallforit.WegotdressedandwenttoPetSmart,wetookourowncagebecauseweknewwewerebringinghimhomeifhewasstillthere.”Luckily,Oliverwasstillthereandavailableforadoption.DuetoCOVID-19,thecouplewasn’tabletodoameetandgreetwithOliverbeforeadoptinghim,buttheydecideditdidn’tmatter.TheywentwithPaisleigh’sinnerfeelingsandtookhimhome.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Themomenttheygothome,theyletOliveroutofhiscagetomeetPaisleigh.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Tothejoyofthecouple,Oliverfittedinwiththeotherpetssoquickly.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Themomenttheygothome,theyletOliveroutofhiscagetomeetPaisleigh.Thepairwerejustasdelightedasthey’dbeenatPetSmartthedaybefore.OlivercamerightoutofhiscageandrightovertoPaisleighwithoutanyhesitationasifhehadknownherhiswholelife.Atfirstshejustwantedtolickalloverhimbuthedidn’tmindatall.Theyspentthenextfewhourstogetherbeforewelettheotheranimalsintomeet.Tothejoyofthecouple,Oliverfittedinwiththeotherpetssoquickly.Theirotherpetsquickly acceptedhimasamemberofthepack,andPaisleighwasabsolutelyoverjoyedthatOliverwasbroughthome.It’scrazythatOliverissolovingandsharessomanycharacteristicsthatPaisleighdoes.They’relikeamatchmadeinheaven.GillandandherhusbandaregratefulthattheybroughtPaisleightoPetSmartthatdaysothatshecouldaccidentallychoosetheirnewestfamilymember.【解析】【导语】本文讲述了KelseyGilland和丈夫在PetSmart购物，为他们的一只狗寻找一个玩伴儿，并决定去看看他们是否有可以收养的猫。其中一只叫做Oliver的猫和他们的狗Paisleigh很投缘，但考虑到这只猫与家中的两只猫可能相处不好，就没买它。回家之后，Gilland觉得那只猫注定要成为他们家的一员，又返回去把Oliver带回家。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“他们一到家，就把Oliver从笼子里放了出来，去见Paisleigh。”可知，第一段可描写Oliver和Paisleigh见面后的场景。②由第二段首句内容“令这对夫妇高兴的是，Oliver很快就和其他宠物融为一体了。”可知，第二段可描写Oliver和其他宠物愉快生活，以及带给Gilland一家的欢乐。2.续写线索：Oliver和Paisleigh见面——Oliver和Paisleigh愉快玩耍——Oliver和其他宠物见面——Oliver和其他宠物和睦相处——Gilland和丈夫很高兴，决定再去寻觅投缘的宠物3.词汇激活行为类①舔：lick/lap②带着：bring/take③选择：choose/select情绪类①感谢：showone’sappreciation/showone’sgratitude/begrateful②高兴：delighted/overjoyed【点睛】[高分句型1]OlivercamerightoutofhiscageandrightovertoPaisleighwithoutanyhesitationasifhehadknownherhiswholelife.（此句使用了asif引导的虚拟语气）[高分句型2]It’scrazythatOliverissolovingandsharessomanycharacteristicsthatPaisleighdoes.（此句使用了形式主语it和so…that句型）听力答案：1-5BCAAC6-10ACABA11-15ACBBC16-20BCABC