广东省东莞市2022-2023学年高二英语上学期期末试题（Word版附解析）

2022-2023学年度第一学期期末教学质量检查高二英语(本试卷共四大部分，满分150分;考试时间120分钟)第一部分听力(共两节;满分20分)第一节听力理解(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)共两小段，每段播放两遍。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听第1段对话，回答第1～2题。1.HowoldwasTomwhenhefirststartedtoplaysoccer?A.Fouryearsold.B.Sixyearsold.C.Sevenyearsold.2.WhatisTom’sjobnow?A.Aplayer.B.Acoach.C.Areporter.听第2段对话，回答第3～5题。3.Whosebirthdayiscomingthisweek?A.David.B.Cindy.C.Jane.4.Whatwillthespeakersbuyintheend?A.Anewwatch.B.Somechocolate.C.Agrammarbook.5.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Salesmanandcustomer. 第二节听取信息(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)听下面一段独白。请从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入答题卡标号为6～10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。TheIceHotelinRussiaHowitbeganBornin1989ina(n)6heldinatown.Howitisbuilt1,000tonsoficeand7tonsofsnow.Anareaofover5,500squaremeters.Preparationsbeginin8anditisopenforbusinessbymid-December.Whatitislike36rooms,includingeight9Sleepingbags,glovesandwinterhats.Visitorswill10afterasinglenight.第二部分阅读理解(共两节;满分37.5分)第一节(共10小题;每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文全科试题免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A“Ageisjustanumber”isasayingthatsomepeoplemightdisagreewith,butforhealthyandfitgreat-grandmotherAnneSheppard,nothingcouldbemoretrue.At100yearsold,Annecankick,crunchanddofullpush-ups.Andsheisalwaysexercisingwithotherfitnessfanswhoarealmost70yearsherjuniorinthegym.SouthMelbourne-bornAnneworkedatthelocalclothingfactorywhileherhusbandMaxwasawayatworkwiththearmy.Whenthecoupleretiredin1981,theysigneduptotheirlocalgym,whereAnneisstillamember40yearslater.“Ifeelstrongerandfitterthanbefore!”AnnesaysinaninterviewfromhergyminMelbourne.Shehasjustfinishedarigoroustrainingclass—oneoffivegroupcoursessheattendsthroughouttheweek.“IjustloveitandIwanttokeepgoingaslongasIcan,”shesmiles.“It’spartofmylifenow—myhusbandhaspassedawayandnowI’monmyown.ThegymismysecondfamilyandI’dbelostwithoutthem.”“Anneisasuperstar—nomatterwhereshegoes,everyoneisattractedtoher!Iknowsheinspiresustodowhateverwesetourmindsto.We’realljealousbecausewewanttogetto100yearsoldandbelikeher,”saysJan,afriendofAnneinthegym. ExercisehasalwaysbeenanimportantpartoflifeforAnne.Despitegoingtothegymthreedaysaweek,Annealsokeepsactiveinotherways,andregularlywalkstoandfromthelocalsupermarket.LifehasnowslowedalittlebitforAnne.Asforhernextpersonalbest,hergoalistokeepgoingtothegym.That’showAnneenjoysherlife.1.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tosummarizethepassage.B.Tointroducethemaincharacter.C.Toexplainthemeaningofasaying.D.Toaskforbackgroundinformation.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutAnneinParagraph2?A.Sheusedtoworkwithherhusbandinthearmy.B.Shetakesexerciseasanimportantpartofherlife.C.Shebecameamemberofthelocalgym70yearsago.D.Shestoppedexercisingafterherhusbandpassedaway.3.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Anne,EnjoyingHerSlowLifeB.Anne,anAttractiveGymCoachC.Anne,a100-year-oldFitnessLoverD.Anne,ComingtoHerNextPersonalBest【答案】1.B2.B3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了一位100岁了依然热爱健身的老人AnneSheppard。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“‘Ageisjustanumber’isasayingthatsomepeoplemightdisagreewith,butforhealthyandfitgreat-grandmotherAnneSheppard,nothingcouldbemoretrue.(‘年龄只是一个数字’这句话有些人可能不同意，但对于健康的曾祖母AnneSheppard来说，没有什么比这更真实的了。)”以及下文对AnneSheppard的详细介绍可知，第一段的目的是引出文章要介绍的人物AnneSheppard。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“‘IjustloveitandIwanttokeepgoingaslongasIcan,’she smiles.‘It’spartofmylifenow—myhusbandhaspassedawayandnowI’monmyown.ThegymismysecondfamilyandI’dbelostwithoutthem.’(‘我很喜欢它，只要我能，我就会一直坚持下去。’她微笑着说：‘这是我现在生活的一部分——我丈夫去世了，现在我独自一人。健身房就是我的第二个家，如果没有他们，我会很失落的。’)”可知，健身成为AnneSheppard生活中重要的一部分。故选B。【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“‘Ageisjustanumber’isasayingthatsomepeoplemightdisagreewith,butforhealthyandfitgreat-grandmotherAnneSheppard,nothingcouldbemoretrue.(‘年龄只是一个数字’这句话有些人可能不同意，但对于健康的曾祖母AnneSheppard来说，没有什么比这更真实的了。)”以及下文对AnneSheppard这位100岁了还在坚持健身的老人的详细介绍，可知本文主要介绍100岁还在健身锻炼的老人AnneSheppard，由此可知，C选项“Anne,a100-year-oldFitnessLover(Anne，一个100岁的健身爱好者)”能够概括文章内容，适合作为文章标题。故选C。B“Regrets,I’vehadafew.Butstill,Ikeepgoingforwardwiththem,”apopstarsanginhissongin1969.Theideaofthesongisattractive:what’sdoneisdone,soweshouldtreatregretsproperlyandmoveon.Somepeopletakeastepfurther.Theysaytheyhavenoregretsatallandthatlifeshouldbelivedwithoutlookingback.Itiseasiersaidthandone,though.In2020,ProfessorGrahamlaunchedtheWorldRegretSurvey,thelargestsurveyonthetopiceverundertaken.Withhisresearchteam,Grahamaskedmorethan15,000peoplein105countries,“Howoftendoyoulookbackonyourlifeandwishyouhaddonethingsdifferently?”78percentofthemsaidthatregretsareatleastanoccasionalpartoftheirlife;roughly21percentsaidtheyfeelregretfulallthetime.Only1percentsaidtheyneverfeelregretful.Ifyoubelongtothe“noregrets”group,youmightthinkthatallregretsarethesourceofunhappiness.Althoughfillingyourlifewithregretsisindeedbadforyou,goingtotheotherextrememaybeevenworse.Togetridofyourregretsdoesn’tfreeyoufromshameorsorrow.Instead,itleadsyoutomakethesamemistakesagainandagain.Totrulygetoverourguiltrequiresthatweputregretsintheirproperplace.Yourregretscanteachyoutobecomesmarterandmoresuccessful-ifyouletit.First,makealistofyourregrets,notehowyouwanttochangeyourbehavior,andoutlineyourresolutionsgoingforward.Next,listallthe waysthatyoucaninvestinyourownskillsandgetstartedrightnow.Lifeisajourneyfullofpleasuresandpains.Toliveitwellandfullymeanslearningfromeverybitofit,includingthemistakes,andmovingforward.4.Whatcanwelearnfromthesonginthefirstparagraph?A.Thesingerdidn’thaveanyregret.B.Thesingerfoundregretsattractive.C.Weshouldlivealifewithoutregrets.D.Weshouldstillmoveonwithregrets.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“goingtotheotherextreme”inParagraph3mean?A.Havingnoregretsatall.B.Makingthesamemistakes.C.Gettingridofunhappiness.D.Feelingregretfulinyourlife.6.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsregrets?A.Unconcerned.B.Doubtful.C.Objective.D.Negative.【答案】4.D5.A6.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。生活中会有很多遗憾。太多遗憾会影响生活，但是没有遗憾的生活也不完整，我们应该从中吸取教训，继续前行，让自己的人生更成功。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句““Regrets,I’vehadafew.Butstill,Ikeepgoingforwardwiththem,”apopstarsanginhissongin1969.Theideaofthesongisattractive:what’sdoneisdone,soweshouldtreatregretsproperlyandmoveon.(“遗憾，我有过一些。但我仍然和他们一起前进。”1969年，一位流行歌手在他的歌曲中唱道。这首歌的想法很吸引人:已经发生的事情已经发生了，所以我们应该正确对待遗憾，继续前进。)”可知，歌手认为我们应该带着遗憾前进。故选D项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线部分前句“Althoughfillingyourlifewithregretsisindeedbadforyou(虽然让你的生活充满遗憾确实对你不好)”可知，“尽管生活充满遗憾不好”，“gototheother extreme”字面意思是“走另一个极端”，此处指生活充满遗憾的另一个极端，即生活中没有遗憾，所以后面的主句“…maybeevenworse”表示“（但是）生活没有遗憾是更糟糕的”。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其最后一段“Lifeisajourneyfullofpleasuresandpains.Toliveitwellandfullymeanslearningfromeverybitofit,includingthemistakes,andmovingforward.(人生是一段充满快乐和痛苦的旅程。要想活得好、活得充实，就意味着要从每一点生活中学习，包括错误，然后继续前进。)”可知，作者认为，生活中会有痛苦的遗憾，但是我们也要从中学习，继续前行。因此作者对于“遗憾”的态度是客观的。故选C项。CSincethe1920s,thesci-fi(科幻小说)writershavepromisedusthataself-drivingcarcangofastandtakeustoworkwhilewereadthenews.Butthisvisionhasprovedtobemorechallengingtoperforminpracticethanintheory.Theso-calledadvanceddriverassistancesystemhasbeenequippedinsomeelectriccars.Butitisnotwhatwouldbeconsideredself-driving.Thepresentautomaticpilottoolcanhelpyoustayinyourlaneonthehighway.However,accordingtoadrivingstandardsorganization,it’sjustgradedtobeLevel2onthefive-stagesystemofautomation.Level5wouldbeafullself-drivingexperiencewithhandsoffthesteeringwheel(方向盘).Wearen’tthereyet.Butthat’sintheUnitedStates.Lookfartherandthefutureiscloser.“IfyoulookatChina,thebigcitieslikeShanghaiandShenzhenaretestingself-drivingcarsinpassengerstransportation,”saysGeorgeSimpson,directoroftheCenterforAutomotiveResearchinDuisburg,Germany.Theself-drivingtaxis,whicharerunbyChineseautoandtechgiants,arepartofacountrywideplantoincreasethesalesofLevel4vehiclestoabout20percentby2030.Theyallowdriverstoswitchoffmentallywhilestillrequiringthemtokeeptheirhandsonornearthewheel.WhatworksinChinamightnotworkelsewhere,becauseofdifferingattitudestowardshowdatashouldbeused,admitsSimpson.Chinesecitizensmightacceptthatthejourneysoftheirvehiclesaretrackedandanalyzedtoimprovetrafficflows.ButAmericansareconcernedabouttheirprivacy,sotheyareunwillingtoagreewiththattracking.Privacyconcernsmaydelaythepromiseinthesci-fithatfreesyoufromdrivingonyourwayhomeortowork.Selfdrivingcarsmustconstantlygeneratedatafromtheirsensorsandsoftwareto makedrivingdecisions,ortheywouldcrash.7.Whatcanweinferaboutadvanceddriverassistancesystem?A.Itallowsdrivers’handsoffthewheel.B.Itisconsideredtobefullself-driving.C.Ithasbeenavailableinsomeelectriccars.D.ItisgradedLevel5ontheautomationsystem.8.Whatisthepresentsituationofself-drivinginChina?A.Itisgoingthroughtestinsomebigcities.B.Passengerstransportationreliesonself-driving.C.ItislessdevelopedthanthatintheUnitedStates.D.Thesalesofself-drivingcarshaveincreasedto20%.9.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbycomparingChinesewithAmericans?A.Theimportanceofdata.B.Differentattitudesondatause.C.ThegoodattitudesofAmericans.D.TheprivacyconcernsofChinese.10.Inwhatcolumnofanewspapermaythispassagebefound?A.Health.B.Advertisement.C.Education.D.Technology.【答案】7.C8.A9.B10.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了无人驾驶汽车的发展阶段以及中美在无人驾驶汽车发展方面的差异。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句话“Theso-calledadvanceddriverassistancesystemhasbeenequippedinsomeelectriccars.(在一些电动汽车中配备了所谓的高级驾驶员辅助系统)”可推知，先进的自动驾驶系统已经安装在了一些电动车中。故选C。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话““IfyoulookatChina,thebigcitieslikeShanghaiandShenzhenaretestingself-drivingcarsinpassengerstransportation,”saysGeorgeSimpson,director oftheCenterforAutomotiveResearchinDuisburg,Germany.(德国杜伊斯堡汽车研究中心主任乔治·辛普森表示：“如果你看看中国，像上海和深圳这样的大城市正在测试自动驾驶汽车在客运中的应用。”)”可知，中国现在正在大城市的客运中测试自动驾驶汽车。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句话“WhatworksinChinamightnotworkelsewhere,becauseofdifferingattitudestowardshowdatashouldbeused,admitsSimpson.(辛普森承认，由于对如何使用数据的态度不同，在中国有效的方法在其他地方可能行不通)”可知，作者想通过比较中国人和美国人来展示中国和美国对待数据使用的态度是不同的。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了无人驾驶汽车的发展阶段以及中美在无人驾驶汽车发展方面的差异。由此可推知，我们可能在报纸关于科技的版面找到这篇文章。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouareanew-comertotheUSA,youmayfindthatyournameishardforthelocalpeopletopronounce.Itoftenbringsinconvenienceandevencausessometroubles.____11____Herearesomepracticalsuggestionsforyou.MakeyournameeasierWhenyouareapplyingforajoborattendingapresentation,writedownthephoneticspellingnexttoyourname.Thiswillmakeyournamemucheasier.Frommyownexperience,mynewfriendsfindthismethoduseful.Whentheysee“Ilincha[ee-lean-ka]”,theycanfollowtheguidancecorrectly.____12____ActinarightwayIfyournameisbeingmispronounced,neverremainquietorquestionwhytheycan’tpronounceitcorrectly.____13____.Instead,youcanbehavepolitelybyofferingtherightpronunciationtoyourfriends.Justpolitelyshowthemhowtosayyournameright.Andthen,youcanevenstartinterestingconversationsaboutthemeaningofyourname.____14____Remember,youshouldn’tchangeyournametofitin.Takemeasanexample.PeopleoftenaskmeifIhaveanickname,oriftheycouldjustchangemynameintosomethingeasier.ButIholdtomy ground.Iwouldbetruetomyselfandsay,“No,Iwouldprefertobecalled[ee-lean-ka]asthiscarriesgreatmeaningformne.”____15____.Weshouldallloveandcelebrateeachofournames.Therefore,beproudofyournameandspeakupforyourself.A.BepatientandkindB.StaytruetoyourselfC.Anddon’tblamethemforthemistake,eitherD.YoumaywonderhowtohandlesuchproblemsE.Asaresult,theycanpronouncemynameeasilyF.What’smore,weshouldalsolearnaboutlocalcultureG.Hopefully,thesuggestionsabovewillbringyouconfidence【答案】11.D12.E13.C14.B15.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个让美国人把刚到美国的人的名字念正确的建议。【11题详解】根据上文“Ifyouareanew-comertotheUSA,youmayfindthatyournameishardforthelocalpeopletopronounce.Itoftenbringsinconvenienceandevencausessometroubles.(如果你刚来美国，你可能会发现你的名字对当地人来说很难发音。它经常带来不便，甚至引起一些麻烦)”和下文“Herearesomepracticalsuggestionsforyou.(这里有一些实用的建议给你)”可知，我们的名字有时对美国人来说很难发音，这常常带来不便甚至引起麻烦，但这是有方法可以解决的。由此推迟，空处陈述人们想知道解决这些问题的方法。D项“Youmaywonderhowtohandlesuchproblems(你可能想知道如何处理这样的问题)”符合题意，选项中的problems指代上文“inconvenienceandevencausessometroubles.”。故选D。【12题详解】空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“Whentheysee“Ilincha[ee-lean-ka]”,theycanfollowtheguidancecorrectly.(当他们看到“Ilincha[eeleanka]”时，他们可以正确地念出名字)”可知，在名字旁标注了语音拼音后，人们就能按照语音拼音的指导念，这样人们就能把名字读正确了。E项“Asaresult,theycanpronouncemynameeasily(因此，他们可以很容易地念出我的名字)”符合题意，与上文形成因果关系。故选E。 【13题详解】根据上文“Ifyournameisbeingmispronounced,neverremainquietorquestionwhytheycan’tpronounceitcorrectly.(如果你的名字被读错了，永远不要保持沉默或质疑他们为什么不能正确地发音)”可知，当名字被读错时，不要沉默或质疑他人。下文“Instead,youcanbehavepolitelybyofferingtherightpronunciationtoyourfriends.(相反，你可以礼貌地告诉你的朋友正确的发音)”指出我们应该礼貌行事。由此推知，空处承接上文，继续列举错误的行为。C项“Anddon’tblamethemforthemistake,either(也不要因为这样的错误而责备他们)”符合题意。故选C。【14题详解】空处为本段小标题，根据下文“Remember,youshouldn’tchangeyournametofitin.Takemeasanexample.PeopleoftenaskmeifIhaveanickname,oriftheycouldjustchangemynameintosomethingeasier.ButIholdtomyground.Iwouldbetruetomyselfandsay,“No,Iwouldprefertobecalled[ee-lean-ka]asthiscarriesgreatmeaningforme.”(记住，你不应该为了迎合别人而改名字。以我为例。人们经常问我是否有昵称，或者他们是否可以把我的名字改成更简单的名字。但我坚持自己的立场。我会诚实地对自己说:“不，我更喜欢被称为[ee-lean-ka]，因为这对我来说意义重大。”)”可知，本段的建议是坚持自己的立场，不要为了迎合他人轻易改变自己的名字。B项“Staytruetoyourself(忠于自己)”可以作为本段小标题，呼应下文的“betruetomyself”。故选B。【15题详解】空处位于末段，为总结性句子，应具有高度概括性，结合选项可知，G项“Hopefully,thesuggestionsabovewillbringyouconfidence(希望上面的建议能给你带来信心)”符合题意，选项中的thesuggestionsabove指上文提到的三条建议。故选G。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节;满分37.5分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Itwasthissummerthateverythingbroke.SofarI’dhadadeadradio,a(n)____16____TVandashakingtable.Thelatestproblemwasthatmymobilephonedidn’twork.Itwasa30milesroundtriptotheonlyopenmobilephoneshopbutImadethedrive.Thisseemedtobethe____17____straw(稻草)forme.AndIwasfeelingbothstressedand____18____atthatmoment.Afterhavingmy____19____fixed,Istarteddrivinghome.Suddenly,ayellowbutterfly ____20____infrontofmyspeedingcar.IknewImusthavecrusheditagainstthefrontwindshield.Ifeltterriblebecausebutterflieshadaspecial____21____forme.Eversincemymotherdied30yearsago,theyhave____22____meofherlove.Ipulledoverbytheroadsideasquicklyaspossibleto____23____thebutterfly.Itlayflatagainstthefrontwindshield,but____24____itlookedundamaged.AssoonasIeasedmyfingerdowntowardsit,ittookflight_____25_____.Itswungaroundmyheadandthenflewawaywithits_____26_____wingsshininginthesun.TearsfilledmyeyesandI_____27_____mymotherforthissurprise.Thisbutterflywasagentlereminderofherloveatthe_____28_____time.Lifeisfullofstressandstruggles._____29_____wearelovedandwearehopedtolivealifeoffaithandjoy.Whenitcomestothe_____30_____oflife,weshouldkeepgoingonwithasmilingfaceandahappyheart.16.A.brokenB.agedC.cheapD.small17.A.onlyB.lastC.softD.long18.A.depressedB.motivatedC.astonishedD.inspired19.A.carB.radioC.tableD.phone20.A.stayedB.movedC.flewD.slid21.A.eventB.purposeC.meaningD.problem22A.warnedB.informedC.convincedD.reminded23.A.studyB.graspC.checkD.bury24.A.initiallyB.fortunatelyC.suddenlyD.naturally25.A.afterallB.atonceC.ontimeD.inturn26.A.foldedB.injuredC.darkD.golden27.A.thoughtofB.turnedtoC.waitedforD.learnedfrom28.A.busyB.exactC.toughD.normal29.A.OtherwiseB.MoreoverC.ThereforeD.However30.A.standardB.journeyC.qualityD.goal【答案】16.A17.B18.A19.D20.C21.C22.D23.C24.B25.B26.D27.A28.B29.D30.B 【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者最近生活不顺，修完手机回家途中，偶遇一只蝴蝶后想起了去世的母亲，作者感到被爱，重拾生活信心。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，我的收音机坏了，电视机坏了，桌子也在摇晃。A.broken破损的、出了毛病的；B.aged年迈的；C.cheap便宜的；D.small小的。呼应上文的“Itwasthissummerthateverythingbroke.(一切都是在这个夏天坏的)”讲电视机坏了。故选A项。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这似乎让我忍无可忍了。A.only唯一的；B.last最后的；C.soft柔软的；D.long漫长的。由上文的“Itwasthissummerthateverythingbroke.SofarI’dhadadeadradio,a(n)____1____TVandashakingtable.Thelatestproblemwasthatmymobilephonedidn’twork.Itwasa30milesroundtriptotheonlyopenmobilephoneshop(一切都是在这个夏天坏的。到目前为止，我的收音机坏了，电视机坏了，桌子也在摇晃。最新的问题是我的手机坏了。这是一次30英里的往返旅行，前往唯一一家开放的手机商店)”可知，作者这个夏天生活不顺，什么都坏了，手机也坏了，要跑去好远的地方修理，作者感到忍无可忍了，thelaststraw(忍无可忍)。故选B项。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那一刻我感到既紧张又沮丧。A.depressed沮丧的；B.motivated有动机的；C.astonished惊讶的；D.inspired受到启发的。由上文语境可知，作者这个夏天生活不顺，什么都坏了，手机也坏了，要跑去好远的地方修理，作者心情应该是沮丧的。故选A项。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：修好手机后，我开始开车回家。A.car汽车；B.radio收音机；C.table桌子；D.phone手机。呼应上文的“Itwasa30milesroundtriptotheonlyopenmobilephoneshopbutImadethedrive.(这是一次30英里的往返旅行，前往唯一一家开放的手机商店，但我还是开车去了)”讲开车去修手机，现在修完手机回家。故选D项。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，一只黄色的蝴蝶飞到我超速行驶的汽车前面。A.stayed呆；B.moved移动；C.flew飞；D.slid滑行。由下文的“IknewImusthavecrusheditagainstthefront windshield.(我知道我一定会让它撞在前挡风玻璃上的)”可知，一只黄色的蝴蝶飞到作者行驶的车前。故选C项。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我觉得很可怕，因为蝴蝶对我有着特殊的意义。A.event事件；B.purpose意图；C.meaning意义；D.problem问题。由下文的“Thisbutterflywasagentlereminderofherlove(这只蝴蝶温柔地提醒着母亲的爱)”可知，蝴蝶对作者有着特殊的意义。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从我母亲30年前去世以来，它们一直让我想起她的爱。A.warned警告；B.informed通知；C.convinced使确信；D.reminded提醒。呼应下文的“Thisbutterflywasagentlereminderofherlove(这只蝴蝶温柔地提醒着母亲的爱)”讲蝴蝶让作者想起母亲对自己的爱。故选D项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我尽可能快地把车停在路边，查看蝴蝶。A.study学习；B.grasp掌握；C.check检查、查看；D.bury埋葬。由下文的“Itlayflatagainstthefrontwindshield,but____9____itlookedundamaged.(它停留在前挡风玻璃上，但……它看起来完好无损)”可知，作者停车查看蝴蝶是否安好。故选C项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：它停留在前挡风玻璃上，但幸运的是它看起来完好无损。A.initially最初；B.fortunately幸运的是；C.suddenly突然；D.naturally自然地。由下文的“itlookedundamaged”可知，蝴蝶没事，这是一件幸运的事情。故选B项。【25题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我一把手指朝它放下来，它就立刻飞走了。A.afterall毕竟；B.atonce立刻；C.ontime准时；D.inturn依次。由上文的“ittookflight”和常识可知，大体而言，对于陌生人类的靠近，动物会被惊走，可得出作者的举动让蝴蝶立刻飞走了。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它绕着我的头旋转，然后飞走了，金色的翅膀在阳光下闪闪发光。A.folded折叠的；B.injured受伤的；C.dark黑暗的；D.golden金色的、金黄色的。由上文的“ayellowbutterfly(一只黄色的蝴蝶)”和下文的“shininginthesun”可知，此时蝴蝶翅膀应该是金色的。故选D项。【27题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：眼泪充满了我的眼睛，我想到了我的母亲，因为这个惊喜。A.thoughtof想到；B.turnedto求助于；C.waitedfor等待；D.learnedfrom从……中学习。呼应下文的“Thisbutterflywasagentlereminderofherlove(这只蝴蝶温柔地提醒着母亲的爱)”讲这只蝴蝶让作者想起了母亲。故选A项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这只蝴蝶正是在这个时刻温柔地提醒着她的爱。A.busy忙碌的；B.exact准确的、精确的；C.tough艰难的；D.normal正常的。由空后的time可知，此处指“就在这一时刻”，故选B项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们被爱着，我们希望过上充满信仰和欢乐的生活。A.Otherwise否则；B.Moreover而且；C.Therefore因此；D.However然而。空后句子和上文的“Lifeisfullofstressandstruggles.(生活充满压力和挣扎)”是转折关系，用However。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们踏上人生的旅程时，我们应该带着笑脸和快乐的心继续前行。A.standard标准；B.journey旅程；C.quality质量；D.goal目标。呼应下文的“weshouldkeepgoingon”讲在人生的旅程上继续前行。故选B项。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中单词的恰当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为41～50的相应位置。31.Janelookedatthejob________(advertise)andtohersurpriseitreallysuitedher.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】advertised【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：简看了看广告上的那份工作，令她惊讶的是，这份工作真的很适合她。分析可知，空处定语修饰名词job，advertise和job之间是逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填advertised。32.Wearemorethanwillingtocooperate________(sincere)withallthecompaniespresent.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】sincerely【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：我们非常愿意与在场的所有公司真诚合作。空前cooperate是动词，空后sincere为形容词，需要变为副词sincerely修饰cooperate做状语，故填sincerely。33.Iwasdeeply________(disturb)tohearthesorrowfulnews.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】disturbed【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：听到这个悲伤的消息，我深感不安。修饰形容人，说明人I的状态，用-ed形容词disturbed作表语。故填disturbed。34.Toouramazement,thefindingsarecontrary________thecommonbelief.(用适当的词填空)【答案】to【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：令我们惊奇是，这些发现与普遍的看法相反。结合句意，考查短语becontraryto…，表示“与……相反”。故填to。35.Holidayisusuallyatime________everybodytakesabreakfromdailywork.(用适当的词填空)【答案】when【解析】【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：假期通常是每个人从日常工作中休息一下的时间。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句中结构完整，现行词是time，在从句中作时间状语，应用when引导。故填when。36.Thedogwasslightlyhurt,soIappliedsomemedicineto________(it)skin.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】its【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：狗受了点轻伤，所以我在它的皮肤上敷了些药。根据句意，提示词作定语修饰名词skin，应用形容词性物主代词its，意为“它的”。故填its。37.ChinalaunchedShenzhou-14in2022,________(send)3taikonautstospace.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】sending【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年，中国发射了神舟十四号，派出3名宇航员前往太空。分析句子可知，设空处在句子中做伴随状语，非谓语动词send和逻辑主语China 之间是主动关系，应填现在分词形式。故填sending。38.Bytheendoflastmonth,China________(build)1.7million5Gbasestations.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】hadbuilt【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：截至上月底，中国已建成170万个5G基站。设空处在句中作谓语动词，由句中的时间状语“Bytheendoflastmonth”可知此句应用过去完成时态，故填hadbuilt。39.Itsurprisedus________ourforeignteachercanreciteTangpoems.(用适当的词填空)【答案】that【解析】【详解】考查主语从句。句意：让我们惊讶的是，我们的外教会背诵唐诗。it是形式主语，后面从句是主语从句，从句成分和句意完整，用that引导。故填that。40.Theyareproudtobe________firstgenerationintheirfamilytoattendcollege.(用适当的词填空)【答案】the【解析】【详解】考查定冠词。句意：他们为成为家里第一代上大学而感到自豪。分析句意可知，空格应该填写定冠词，因为序数词前总是有定冠词，而first“第一”为序数词。故填the。第四部分写作(共三节;满分55分)第一节句子考查(第51～54小题每空0.5分，第55～57小题每题3分，满分15分)根据下面各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。41.Myfatherhasbecomeamanagerwho________(主管，掌管)theadministrationofacompany.(根据汉语提示完成句子)【答案】isinchargeof【解析】【详解】考查时态和短语。句意：我父亲已经成为一名经理，负责一家公司的行政管理。主管，掌管为“beinchargeof”，定语从句在陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语为amanager，谓语为isinchargeof。故填isinchargeof。42.Ourcity,Dongguan,ismadeupof4sub-districtsand28towns.(同义句改写) Ourcity,Dongguan,________4sub-districtsand28towns.【答案】consistsof##iscomposedof##iscomprisedof【解析】【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：我们的城市，东莞，由4个区和28个镇组成。根据上一句的ismadeupof可知，表示“由……组成”，同义短语是consistof/becomposedof/becomprisedof，是一般现在时，故填consistsof/iscomposedof/iscomprisedof。43.IaskedDad，“Canyoufixmybiketomorrow?”(用间接引语改写)IaskedDad________fixmybikethenextday.【答案】if##whetherhecould【解析】【详解】考查直接引语变间接引语。句意：我问爸爸：“你明天能帮我修自行车吗?”。直接引语为一般疑问句，变成if/whether引导的宾语从句，从句用陈述性语气，再根据“asked”可知，间接引用中用could。故填if/whetherhecould。44.ThesceneryinGuilinisbelievedtobethebestintheworld.(同义句改写)It________thesceneryinGuilinisthebestintheworld.【答案】isbelievedthat【解析】【详解】考查固定句型。句意：据信桂林的风景是世界上最好的。根据题干要求，需把原句改写为同义句，根据所给同义句内容可知，应是用固定句型：itisbelievedthat意为“据信…”符合题意。故填isbelievedthat。45.Iamfondofreadingpoems.Icanlearnalotofbeautifulwordsfrompoems.(用定语从句合并句子)【答案】IamfondofreadingpoemsfromwhichIcanlearnalotofbeautifulwords.【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢读诗，我可以从诗中学到很多美丽的词汇。分析原句可知，第二个分句中的“poems”指第一个分句提到的“poems”，故可将第二个分句改写为一个定语从句，修饰名词poems，关系词在从句中作介词from的宾语，指物，应用关系代词which引导，from可提前，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。故答案是IamfondofreadingpoemsromwhichIcanlearnalotofbeautifulwords.。 46.Hisspiritofdevotionsetshimapartfromotherdoctors.(强调划线部分)【答案】Itishisspiritofdevotionthatsetshimapartfromotherdoctors.【解析】【详解】考查强调句。句意：他的献身精神使他有别于其他医生。强调的结构是“Itis/was被强调部分that/who句子其余部分”，强调内容为物，用that，强调内容为人，用who/that，本句需要强调的划线部分为主语，指物，应用that，且时态为一般现在时。故答案是Itishisspiritofdevotionthatsetshimapartfromotherdoctors.47.最让我获益的是我变得更加自信。(用名词性从句翻译)【答案】ThemostbeneficialthingformeisthatI’vebecomemoreconfident.【解析】【详解】考查表语从句。“最让我获益的”是主语，用themostbeneficialthingforme表示；“是”作系动词，讲述现在情况用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，系动词用单数形式is；“我变得更加自信”处理为表语从句，用连词that引导，强调现在的结果，用现在完成时态，主语“我”用I，谓语“变得”用havebecome，表语“更加自信”用形容词比较级moreconfident。故译为：ThemostbeneficialthingformeisthatI’vebecomemoreconfident.第二节应用文写作(满分15分)48.假如你是李华，你准备参加主题为“环境保护”的演讲比赛，请写一篇演讲稿。内容如下：1.环境保护的意义；2.你的建议。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dearfellowstudents,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dearfellowstudents, Mytopictodayis“EnvironmentalProtection”.Asweallknow,theglobalenvironmentisgettingworseandworse.Itiseveryone’sdutytoprotecttheenvironment.Asstudents,wecandoourpartinenvironmentalprotection.Wehadbetteruselesswaterandelectricity.Whenwegoout,wecantakebusesorridebikesinsteadoftakingtaxis.Besides,wearesupposedtousemorerecycledproductsandtryourbesttosavepapers.Pleasetakeactionrightnow!Thanksforyourlistening.【解析】【导语】这篇书面表达为演讲稿。要求考生以李华的身份，为主题为“环境保护”的演讲比赛写一篇演讲稿。【详解】1.词汇积累责任：duty→responsibility此外：besides→inaddition尽最大努力：tryourbest→doourbest应该：aresupposedto→should2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Itiseveryone’sdutytoprotecttheenvironment.拓展句：Weshouldprotecttheenvironment,whichiseveryone’sduty.【点睛】[高分句型1]Asweallknow,theglobalenvironmentisgettingworseandworse.(运用了as引导非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Whenwegoout,wecantakebusesorridebikesinsteadoftakingtaxis.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)第三节读后续写(满分25分)49.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“Yeah,aBATTLE!”saidWilliam,pullingmyarm.“Youseethat,John?”IlookedupfrommydesktoseeMs.Chowwritingontheboard,“BattleoftheBooks!”Shesmiledandthensaid,“Areyoureadytogointothebattle?Getpreparedforitnextweek!”“Isitareadingcontest?”IwassoexcitedthatIforgottoraisemyhandfirst.“Goodquestion,John!”saidMs.Chow.“Itisnotaraceandyouarenotgoingtobeateachother.Wearenotgoingtoseewhocanreadthefastestorthemostbooks,butyouaregoingtoformateamof threeandthensetareadinggoalforyourteam.Ifyourteammeetyourgoalbytheendofthismonth,youwillgetaprize!”Eventhoughtheprizewassomethingsilly,thatstillsoundedprettygoodtome.IturnedtowardsWilliamimmediately,saying,“Shallwebeteammates?”“Yes,forsure!”hesaid.WilliamandIlikedalotofthesamebooks,sowecouldsetagoaltogether.Thebe1lrangbeforeMs.Chowcouldexplainanymorerules.WilliamandIwereabouttobeginourdiscussionwhenLilypassedmydeskandsaid“Teammates?”toWilliamandme.LilywasagirlfromSpainandshecouldreadsuper-fastinbothEnglishandSpanish!Ifwesetagoallikereadingbooksbyauthorsfromdifferentcountries,shecouldhelptheteamforsure.“Yeah,ofcourse!”WilliamandInodded.Ihadmyteam!Thethreeofussettleddownandstartedadiscussionimmediately,tryingtofigureoutwhatweneededtodotogettheprize.Justthen,IsawmybestfriendTomrunningtowardsmydesk.Icouldclearlyseetheexpectationshininginhiseyes.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右;2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。“John,let’sbeteammates!”Tomsaidtomeexcitedly._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________HearingwhatLilysaid,weagreedwithhersuggestion.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】“John,let’sbeteammates!”Tomsaidtomeexcitedly.HearingwhatTomsaid,Ibowedmyheadinembarrassment,notdaringtomeethiseyesbecauseIdidn’tknowhowtorefusehimpolitely.HewasmybestfriendandIdidn’twanttoruinourfriendship.WilliamandLilyalsofellintosilenceandhadnoideahowtodealwithit.Suddenly,Lilysaidhappily,“wecanturntoMs.Chowforhelp.Ifwereallywanttobeateam,maybeshewillgrantourrequest.”HearingwhatLilysaidweagreedwithhersuggestion.SoweapproachedMs.Chowwhowasgettingreadytoleavetheclassroom.Afterhearingwhatwesaid,shefinallyagreed,butwithoneconditionthatwemustsetahigherreadinggoalforourteamsincewehadfour.Weagreedhappily.Finally,theproblemwassolvedperfectlyandnobodywasheart-broken.Iwasfirmlysurethatwewouldcompleteourreadinggoalandwintheprize.【解析】【导语】本文以读书比赛的活动线索展开，讲述了作者和两个小伙伴组队参加老师组织的读书比赛的活动，这时他最好的朋友也想加入他的队伍，但老师要求只能三人一组。就在作者为难之际，同伴提出了建议，最终完美地解决了组队的问题。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“‘约翰，我们做队友吧。’汤姆激动地对我说”可知，第一段可描写作者的尴尬和不知所措及女同学提出的建议。②由第二段首句内容“听完莉莉的话，我们同意了她的建议。”可知，第二段可描写我们采取的行动及最终解决了组队问题。2.续写线索：组队友——问题——不知所措——提建议——解决问题——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①.低头：bowmyhead/lowermyhead②.破坏：ruin/destroy③.拒绝：refusepolitely/decline情绪类①.开心地：happily/joyfully/delightfully②.伤心的：heart-broken/grieved【点睛】【高分句型1】SoweapproachedMs.Chowwhowasgettingreadytoleavetheclassroom. （运用了who引导的定语从句。）【高分句型2】Afterhearingwhatwesaid,shefinallyagreed,butwithoneconditionthatwemustsetahigherreadinggoalforourteamsincewehadfour.（运用了that引导的同位语从句。）