中考英语词汇归类复习

中考英语词汇归类复习 <br />一、从用法上复习归纳词汇，过语法关 <br />英语词汇大多具有本身词义外，还有其语法功能，我们在复习 <br />时就不要把着眼点单纯放在单词记忆上，而 要从它们的语法功能上 <br />去把握它们。 如在复习动词时我们就要根据它们变化形式多、 搭配活 <br />跃等特点，从它们 的用法上进行分类记忆。这样，既可记住词汇， <br />又可攻克语法难关。 <br /> 1. 宾语不同，意义也不同 <br />英语中有些动词可同时后接不定式和动名词作宾语，但意义不 <br />同。它们是高考试题的考查重点。这类词主 要有： <br /> go on doing( 继续干同一件事 ) go on to do( 接着去干另一件 <br />事) <br /> stop doing sth.( 停止正在干的事 ) stop to do sth.( 停下来 <br />去干某事 ) <br /> regret doing( 后悔干了某事 ) regret to do( 相当于 be sorry <br />to do) <br /> forget/remember doing( 忘记/ 记得已做过的事 ) <br />forget/rem-ember to do( 忘记/ 记得要干的事 ) <br /> mean doing( 意味着干⋯ ) mean to do( 想干⋯ )try doing( 尝试 <br />做) try to do( 设法做 ) <br /> (95 高考)&quot;You were brave enough to raise objections at the <br />meeting.&quot;&quot;Well,now I regret_____ ___that.&quot; <br /> A.to do B.to be doing C.to have done D.having done <br /> (92 高考)&quot;I usually go there by train.&quot;&quot;Why <br />not____________by boat for a change?&quot; <br /> A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going <br /> (87 高考)They would not allow him_________across the line. <br />A.to risk going B.risking going C.for risk to go D.risk going <br /> 2. 都可接宾语和宾补，形式却不同 <br />某些动词如 forbid,advise,allow,permit,admit,consider 等 <br />直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词，但接宾补时 ，宾补要用不定式。 <br />如： We forbid smoking here.( 宾语 )We forbid you to smoke <br />here.( 宾补)You are forbidden to smoke here.( 主补) <br /> 3. 宾语不同、语态不同，意义却相同 <br />有些词如 need,require,want,deserve 等后可接不定式 ( 要用 <br />被动形式 ) ，可接动名词 ( 要用主动形式表被 动意义 ) ，可与 <br />worth,worthy 一并记忆。两种形式意义相同。 如：The room requires <br />to be cleaned/cleaning. <br /> (85 高考)This sentence needs______________. A.an <br />improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved <br /> 4. 只接不定式作宾语的词和词组 <br />只接不定式作宾语的词和词组有： <br />decide,expect,refuse,wish,hope,order,promise,pretend,offer, <br />happen,seem,make up one&#039;s mind,used,be about,be able,have 等。 <br />如：(89 高考)She pretended_______me when I passed by. A.not to <br />see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen <br /> 5. 只接动名词作宾语的词和词组 <br />只接动名词作宾语的词和词组： <br />mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,escape,keep,suggest,appreciate,practi <br />se,delay,finish,feel like,look forward to,can&#039;t <br />help,keep(on),miss,be usedto,excuse,be worth,imagine ,put <br />off,give up 等。如： <br /> (92 高考)I would appreciate_________back this <br />afternoon.A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.you are <br />calling <br /> (87 高考)The squirrel was lucky that it just <br />missed______.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to <br />catch <br /> 6. 系动词 <br />系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语，这类词 <br />有： <br />表感观的系动词： <br />look,sound,taste,smell,feel,seem,appear( 这些词用形容词作表 <br />语) <br />表变化的系动词： bee,get,turn,grow,make,e,go,fall,run 表 <br />依旧的系动词： remain,keep,...