北京市重点中学2022学年高二英语下学期开学测试试卷

北京市重点中学2022-2022学年高二英语下学期开学测试试卷一、单选：（共40小题，每小题1分，满分40分）1.Itwas1969______theAmericanastronautssucceededinlandingonthemoon.A.thatB.whenC.onwhichD.which2.Thestudents’ages______15to18.A.rangeB.rangedC.rangefromD.rangesfrom3.______,we’llgocamping.A.WeatherpermitsB.IfweatherwillpermitC.WeatherpermittingD.Weatherpermitted4.______,wewouldhavenotfinishedtheworkontime.A.Ifyoudidn’thelpusB.WithoutyourhelpC.Ifyouhaven’thelpedupD.Ifyouwouldn’thelpus5.Youcangoout______youpromisetobebackbefore11o'clock.A.asfarasB.sofarasC.evenifD.as/solongas6.Theview______manyscientistsholdis______toomuchemissionofcarbondioxideisdestructive.A．which；whichB．that；thatC．that；whichD．what；that7.I______thismanwithreceivingstolengoods.A．accusedB．scoldedC．chargedD．blamed8.Whatwedidresulted______failure,______IthinkI’malsoresponsible.A．in；towhichB．from；forwhichC．in；forwhichD．from；towhich9.Chinashouldbecomeagloballeaderinenergyefficiencyby2050______nuclearpowerislikelytoaccountforatleasthalfofthecountry’senergy.A．onwhichB．thatC．whenD．forwhich10.--Theprojecthasbeenheldupbyasuddenchangeintemperatureforaweek.--I’mafraidtheterribleweatherwill______forsometime.A．keepbackB．keepupC．keepoutD．keepon11.Fewpeopleknowthefact______wasnotuntil1936thatbasketballbecamearegularpartoftheOlympicGames.A．itthatB．thatitC．thatD．it12.--I'llneverunderstandhowit______thathestillinsistedongoingtherealoneafterbeingtoldaboutthepossibledanger.--Don'tworry.Hejustlikestakingadventure.A．cameaboutB．cameacrossC．cameoutD．cameup13.TherearemanythingsthatIcan't______goingabroad,ofwhichistheignoranceofthelocals.A．keepupwithB．comeupwithC．putupwithD．catchupwith14.Ihopeyoucanstudyhardandmasterasmuchknowledgeaspossible;otherwiseyou'llhaveto-12-\nliveahardlife______.A．nowandthenB．atthemomentC．inawordD．asaconsequence15.Hebeingachildof______intelligence，expectingtoomuchofhimwillmakehimnervous.A．averageB．slightC．strangeD．different16.--Shecouldn'thavedonethatsortofthing.--Whatevershedidwasreasonable,______towhatyoudid.Besides,it'snoneofyourbusiness.Getdownto______yourlessons.A．comparing;doingB．comparing;doC．compared;doingD．compared;do17.--HowaboutvisitingInternationalHorticulturalEXPO2022inXi’anthisweekend?--______.Idon’tmind.A.ByallmeansB.Iamsorry.IwillbebusythisweekendC.ItisuptoyouD.I’mnotsure.Ihavetocheckmyschedule18.--ShallIturnontheTV,Mom?--No.Youshouldbequiet______wakeupyoursleepingbrother.A.sonotastoB.soasnottoC.soastonotD.notsoasto19.Themathsteacherdemandedthatallthestudents_____theexaminationpaperwithinoneandahalfhours.A.finishB.finishedC.wouldfinishD.couldfinish20.Notonly_____greatthoughtsbutalsotheyexpresstheirthoughtsinwordswhichpowerfullyinfluenceourmindsandemotions.A.didgreatwritershaveB.greatwritershadC.greatwritershaveD.dogreatwritershave21.Themanreceivedaticketforspeeding.He______havedrivensofast.A.can’tB.wouldn’tC.shouldn’tD.mustn’t22.HeisastudentatOxfordUniversity,______foradegreeincomputerscience.A.studiedB.studyingC.beingstudiedD.tostudy23.Shoppersfledthestreetin______aftertwobombsexplodedinthecentralpartofthecity.A.dangerB.surpriseC.troubleD.panic24.--Thetowerwehadvisited3monthsbeforewasburnttothegroundlastnight.--______Whatonearthwerethefiremendoingthen?A.Howcome?B.Absolutely!C.Anythingwrong?D.I’mfrightened.25.Thecandidatewasabouttogetinthecar______suddenlyamanwithamaskappeared-12-\nandshotathim.A.whileB.afterC.asD.when26.--Peter,let’scheckwhatwestillhaveleft.--Well,itisnouse______thetotallossbeforethetyphoonleaves.A.evaluatingB.toevaluateC.evaluateD.havingevaluated27.Themanwasbusypreparinglunchinthekitchen,hiswife_____comfortablyinthesofawatchingTV.A.toseatB.seatingC.seatedD.wasseated28.Foodsafety_____tocustomers,whichshouldbetheminimumrequirementforthefoodindustry.A.guaranteesB.isguaranteedC.isguaranteeingD.guaranteed29.--Whatamess!Whatareyoudoing?--I’m_____thedrawerlookingforthesweater.A.goingthroughB.glancingthroughC.breakingthroughD.gettingthrough30.Wavingtoherfamilyontheplatform,_____.A.sorrowfilledthegirl’smindB.thegirlcouldnotholdbacktearsofsorrowC.theparentswatchedthetrainleavingslowlyD.thetrainbegantomoveslowly31.Fiveminutesearly,______wecouldhavecaughtthelasttrain.A.orB.butC.andD.so32.--DoyouknowwhenPeteriscoming?--He______4:00.A.saysB.hassaidC.hadsaidD.said33.Leaveyourkeywithaneighbor______youlockyourselfoutoneday.A.eversinceB.evenifC.soonafterD.incase34.______atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidn’twanttoeatthereagain.A.EatenB.TohaveeatenC.HavingeatenD.Havingbeeneaten35.______othergoodstudents,theteacherthinks,Hankis______student.A.Comparedwith;amostsatisfiedB.Comparedto;themostsatisfiedC.Comparedto;thesatisfyingD.Comparedwith;amoresatisfying36.Thereareagreat______flowersshownintheparkand______peoplegotohavealookA.plentyof;manyB.diversityof;manyC.diverse;manyaD.diversity;afew37.Idon’tthink______possibletomasteraforeignlanguagewithoutmuchmemorywork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it38.Thefootballmatchwassaid______inRome,butitwasheldinLondonatlast.-12-\nA.tohavebeenheldB.tobeholdingC.toholdD.tohaveheld39.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered______thefirstcomputer.A.tohaveinventedB.inventingC.toinventD.havinginvented40.Ihate______whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.A.itB.thatC.theseD.them二、完形填空：（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）Itiscommonlybelievedthatschooliswherepeoplegotogeteducation.__41__,ithasbeensaidthattodaychildren__42__theireducationtogotoschool.The__43__betweenschoolingandeducationsuggestedbythisisimportant.Educationis__44__,comparedwithschooling.Educationknowsno__45__.Itcantakeplace__46__,whetherintheshoweroronthejob,whetherinakitchenoronatractor.Itincludesboththe__47__learningthattakesplaceinschoolsandthewholeuniverseoflearningoutofclass.__48__theexperienceofschoolingcanbeknowninadvance,educationquiteoftenproduces__49__.Achancetalkwitha__50__mayleadtoapersontodiscoverhow__51__heknowsofanothercountry.Peopleobtaineducationfrom__52__on.Education,__53__,isavery__54__andunlimitedterm.Itislifelongexperiencethatstartslong__55__thestartofschool,andonethatshouldbeanecessarypartofone’sentirelife.Schooling,ontheotherhand,isa__56__experience,whosestylechanges__57__fromonewaytothenext.Throughoutacountry,childrenarriveatschoolatthesametime,take__58__seats,usesimilartextbooks,dohomework,and__59__,andsoon.Schoolinghasusuallybeen__60__bytheedgesofthesubjectsbeingtaught.41.A.ThenB.HoweverC.ThusD.Therefore42.A.understandB.needC.enjoyD.interrupt43.A.differenceB.importanceC.useD.problem44.A.unexpectedB.endlessC.countlessD.simple45.A.answersB.waysC.edgesD.meanings46.A.anywhereB.anywhereelseC.somewhereD.somewhereelse47.A.part–timeB.publicC.standardD.strict-12-\n48.A.IfB.BecauseC.SoD.Though49.A.prideB.surprisesC.knowledgeD.progress50.A.neighborB.friendC.foreignerD.teacher51.A.wonderfullyB.wellC.greatlyD.little52.A.babiesB.grown–upsC.womenD.men53.A.stillB.nextC.thenD.yet54.A.longB.broadC.narrowD.short55.A.thatB.whenC.afterD.before56.A.basicB.strictC.finalD.irregular57.A.unusuallyB.differentlyC.littleD.frequently58.A.largeB.newC.fixedD.small59.A.takeexamsB.holdexamsC.markpapersD.readpapers60.A.changedB.limitedC.chosenD.controlled三、阅读理解：（共16小题，每小题2分，共32分）AUnlesswespendmoneytopreventasteroids（小行星）now,onemightcrashintoEarthanddestroylifeasweknowit,somescientistssay.Asteroidsarebiggeronesofthemeteoroids（流星）thatrunacrossthenightsky.Mostorbitthesunfarfromtheearthanddon’tthreatenus.Buttherearealsothousandsofasteroidswhoseorbitsputthemonacollision（碰撞）coursewithEarth.Buy$50millionworthofnewtelescopesrightnow.Thenspend$10millionayearforthenext25yearstofindthepositionofmostofthespacerocks.Bythetimewepickoutakeyone,thescientistssay,we’llhaveawaytochangeitscourse.Somescientistsfavorpushingasteroidsoffcoursewithnuclearweapons.Butthecostwouldn’tbecheap.Isitworthit?Twothingsexpertsconsiderwhenjudginganydangerare:Howlikelytheeventis;Howbadtheresultswillbeiftheeventhappens.ExpertsthinkanasteroidbigenoughtodestroylotsoflivesmightstrikeEarthonceevery500,000years.Soundsprettyrare—butifonedidfall,itwouldbetheendoftheworld-12-\n.“Ifwedon’ttakecareofthesebigasteroids,they’lltakecareofus,”saysonescientist,“It’sthatsimple.”Thecure,though,mightbeworsethanthedisease.DowereallywantfleetsofnuclearweaponssittingaroundonEarth?“Theworldhaslesstofearfromtherocksthanfromagreatnuclearfleetsetagainstthem,”saidaNewYorkTimesarticle.61.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutasteroidsandmeteoroids?A.Theyareheavenlybodiessimilarinnature.B.Theyareheavenlybodiesdifferentinnature.C.Therearemoreasteroidsthanmeteoroids.D.Asteroidsaremoresecretthanmeteoroids.62.WhatdoscientistssayaboutthecollisionofanasteroidwithEarth?A.Itisveryunlikelybutthedangerexists.B.Suchacollisionmighthappenonceevery25years.C.It’sstilltooearlytosaywhethersuchacollisionmighthappen.D.CollisionsofasteroidswithEarthhappenmoreoftenthanexpected.63.Whatdopeoplethinkofthesuggestionofusingnuclearweaponstochangethecourseofasteroids?A.Itsoundspracticalbutmaynotsolvetheproblem.B.Itmaycreatemoreproblemsthanitmightsolve.C.ItisawasteofmoneybecauseacollisionwithEarthisveryunlikely.D.Furtherresearchshouldbedonebeforeitprovesworkable.64.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat.A.whilepushingasteroidsoffcoursenuclearweaponswoulddestroytheworld.B.asteroidsrunningacrossthenightskyarelikelytohitEarthinthenearfutureC.theworryaboutasteroidscanbelefttofurthergenerationssinceit’sunlikelytohappeninourtime.D.workablewaysstillhavetobefoundtopreventacollisionofasteroidswithEarth-12-\nBDoyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatit’spainful?Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.Duringthehourswhenyoulabourthroughyourwork,youmaysaythatyou’re“hot”.That’strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethatpeakcomesduringtheforenoon.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologues（自言自语）as“Getup,John!You’llbelateforworkagain!”ThepossibleexplanationtothetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.Youcan’tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanmakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp.Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou’resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteract（打乱）yourcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon’tchangeyourcycle,butyou’llgetupsteamandworkbetteratyourlowpoint.Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithayawn（呵欠）andstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,doroutine（常规的）workintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyforyoursharperhours.65.Whichofthefollowingcausesfamilyquarrels?A.Notknowingeachother’senergycycle.B.Familiarmonologues.C.Achangeinafamilymember’senergycycle.D.Attemptstocontroltheenergyofotherfamilymembers-12-\n66.Ifyouwanttoworkbetteratyourlowpointinthemorning,youshould.A.changeyourenergycycleB.overcomeyourlazinessC.getupearlythanusualD.gotobedearlier67.Youareadvisedtorisewithayawnandstretchbecauseitwill.A.helptokeepyourenergyfortheday’sworkB.helpyoutocontrolyourtemperearlyinthedayC.enableyoutogetyourenergyonyourroutineworkD.keepyourenergycycleundercontrolallday68.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ChangeYourHabitsB.SaveYourEnergyC.DailyEnergyCycleD.Temperature—and—EnergyPeakCScientistshavediscoveredagene（基因）thatplaysaroleinviolence（暴力）inmenill-treatedinchildhood.Thediscoverycouldexplainwhysomeexperienceunhappychildhoodsandgoontonormallives,whileothersturntoviolence,crimeofantisocialdeeds.Butitwillalsorestartanotherargument.TerrieMoffittandAvshalomCaspireportinSciencetodaythatonecommonformofageneinthebrainmakesmenmorelikelytobeviolent—butonlyiftheyhaveexperiencedcrueltyorrejectioninchildhood.Theresearchersfollowedupthelifehistoriesof442boysborninNewZealandin1972.Ofthese,154hadbeenill-treatedinthefirst10years,33ofthembadly.Theyhadeitherexperiencedsexualattack,beatingsorrejectionbymotherorstepparents.Ofthe154children,55hadalessactivevariant（变异体）ofagenecalledMAOA,and99hadthemoreactivevariant.The55boysweremorethantwiceaslikelytohavebeenintroublethantheotherill-treatedgroup.Theymadeup12%ofthetotal,butwereresponsiblefor44%ofallcrimesfromamongthe442boys.ProfMoffittthoughta“violence”genehadnotbeendiscovered.Boyswiththelessactiveformwhowerenotill-treatedduringchildhoodlivednormallives.“Itisverycommoninthepopulation.Onethirdofushaveit.”shesaid,“Sothegenedoesn’tdomuchofanything,itdoesn’tcauseanytroubleinanyway,unlesswe-12-\narealsoill-treated”.Thegenemightalsoshowtheabilitytobearmentalstress.Thearmyorthepolicemightexaminetheapplicants（申请人）toseeiftheyhavethemoreactiveform.Butthediscoveryalsoraisestheargumentthatpeoplewiththelessactiveformofthegenecouldbesocialdangers,tobetreatedwithmedicine.“Thisresearchcaneasilyleadpeopletofixsocialproblemsthroughmedicaltreatment,”saidDavidKingoftheUKGeneAlertGroup.69.Accordingtothepassage,thelessactivevariantofthegene.A.willtotallydeterminemen’scharacterandbehaviorB.alwaysleadstotrouble-makingC.mightberesponsibleforboys’baddeedsD.playsnoroleinchildren’sdevelopment70.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthosemenwhohavestrongerabilitytobearmentalstressusually.A.havethemoreactivevariantofgeneB.havethelessactivevariantofthegeneC.hadill-treatedchildhoodD.hadnoill-treatedchildhood71.Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthat.A.onefifthofthepopulationcarrythelessactivevariant.B.boyswiththelessactivevariantwillnotlivenormallivesC.allthepeopleagreewiththeideaof“violence”geneD.thelessactivevariantandill-treatedexperiencecontributetoviolence72.DavidKing’swordsinthelastparagraphimpliesthat.A.heagreeswiththeresearchfindingsofthegeneMAOAB.hedoesn’tbelievethepossibleroleofthelessactivevariantC.heconsidersthattheresearchisofnogreatimportanceD.hethinksthefindingstosolvethesocialproblemstoosimpleDBeijinghasstartedabattletogetridof“Chinglish”(ChineseEnglish).The-12-\n“Languagemandarins”ofBeijinghavedecidedthatChinglishisadiseaseforChina’smodernizingclaimandmustbeobliteratedbeforethecityhoststheOlympicGamesin2022.AroadsignontheAvenueofEternalPeace（Chang’anStreet）,forexample,advised:“ToTakeNoticeofSafe;TheSlipperyareVeryCrafty,”awarningthatthesidewalkwasslippery.AnothersigninaBeijingparkreads:“Littlegrassissmilingslightly,pleasewalkonsidewalk“.LiHonghai,thecityofficialinchargeofthebattle,said,“Linguisticperfection(语言美)isbecomingincreasinglyimportantwiththeriseinthenumberoftheforeignersflowingintothecity.”However,noteveryonesharesthedisdain（蔑视）oftheBeijinggovernmentforthemixedlanguage.“Thechoiceofwordsisprettymuch.Onecaneitherchoosetheverbs,adverbs,nounsorwhateveronelikes,”explainedoneHongKonglinguistonanInternetwebsite.SomanyexamplesexistthatseveralInternetsiteshavebeensetuptocollectChinglishphrases.ManycomefromEnglishinstructionsonpackagessuchasacandlemarkedwith“Keepthiscandleoutofchildren”andamodelboat--curiouslynamedPoshSailboat--whichmeans“Pleasedon’tplaceitindustyplay.”IfthebattleagainstChinglishissuccessful,ChinesewillalsoturntheirattentiontotheEnglish-languageversionsofnewspapers,whichplayanevenmoreimportantroleinteachingrightEnglish.73.Theunderlinedword“obliterated”refersto.A.removedB.exploitedC.translatedD.beautified74.Fromthepassage,weknowthat.A.everyonesharesthedisdainforthemixedlanguageB.allthepeopledon’tsharethedisdainforthemixedlanguageC.ChinglishusuallycommunicatesinmanycasesD.severalInternetsiteshavebeensetuptocleartheChinglishphrases75.WecaninferthattheEnglish-languageversionsofnewspapers.A.shouldbeindutytoteachnormalEnglish-12-\nB.shouldreportthebattleaboveC.shouldbepaidmoreattentiontoD.shouldcollectmoreChinglishphrases76.WhichofthefollowingsignsisChinglish?Keepoffthegrass,please.Watchyourstep.Slipperysidewalk.ABNosmoking,please.Touristsdonotenter.CD四、选择短语填空：（共8小题，每小题1分，共8分）compare…with…,onbehalfof,takerisks,onthewhole,behometo,quantitiesof,glarethrough,beopposedto,varyfrom…to…,goup1.__________everyonehere,mayIwishyouaveryhappyretirement.2.Huge__________oilwerespillingintothesea.3.__________,Ithoughtthefilmwasprettygood.4.Mostofus__________theplanputforwardbyMr.Smithonthemeeting.5.Couldyouplease__________thesefiguresformetomakesureeverythingiscorrect?6.Youhavenorightto__________withotherpeople’slives.7.Theland__________agreatmanyrareplantsandanimals.8.Researchers__________livingconditionsinLondon________thoseinothercities.-12-\n答案：一、单选1—5BCCBD6—10BCCCB11—15BACDA16—20CCBAD21—25CBDAD26—30ACBAB31—35CDDCD36—40BDAAA二、完形填空41---45BDABC46---50ACDBC51---55DACBD56---60ACCAB三、阅读理解61—64AABD65--68ACAC69—72CADD73—76ABAC四、短语填空1.Onbehalfof2.quantitiesof3.Onthewhole4.wereopposed5.glancethrough6.takerisks7.ishometo8.compared…with…-12-