山西省吕梁地区2022届高三英语上学期第一次阶段性测试试题

2022-2022学年吕梁市高三第一次阶段性测试题英语（本试卷满分150分，考试时间150分钟。答案一律写在答题卡上）注意事项：1.本试题卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。2.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写好自己的姓名、准考证号、考号等信息。3.考试作答时，请将答案正确填写在答题上，写在试题上无效。4.考试结束后，请将答题卡上交。第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A84，ChanngCrosrfioadbyHefeneHanff192pageSrLittleBrownUKviaLBS,S10.36HanffwasinscarchofclassieBririshEiteraturetitlesthatshehadbeenunabletofindinNewYorkCitywhenshenoticedanadinTheSaturdayReviewofLiterature.Shefirstcontactedtheshopin1949anditfelltoDoeltofulfilherrequests,Intime,along-distancefriendshipdevelopedintheformoftwenty-yearcorrespondence(通信)betweenthetwoand.betweenHanflandotherstaffmembersaswell，withaneschangeofChristmaspackages，birthdaygiftsandfoodparcelstohelpwiththepost-WorldWarIIfoodshortagesinBritain,FoolbyChristopherMoore311pages.williamMorrow.＄26.99InFoolChristopherMooretakesonShakespeare,Witharetellingof“KingLearn”throughtheeyesofLear'sfoolnamedPocket.Theplotandcastofcharactersareborrowedmoreorlessfromtheoriginal,withseveralMooreianadditions-asecondfool,namedDrooL,andarefrain-11-(叠句）thatcouldcomeinforanyadapterofShakespeare,"There'salwaysaWoodyghost".AThousandSplendidSunsbyKhaledHosseinl372pages.Btoomsbury，$24,93MariamisonlyfifteenwhensheissenttoKabultomarryroughRasheed,whoisthirtyyearshersenior.Nearlytwodecadeslater,inaclimateofgrowingunrest,tragedystrikesfifteen-year-oldLaila,whomustleaveherhomeandjoinMariam'sunhappyhousehold.LailaandMariamaretofindcomfortineachothertostruggleagainststarvation,crueltyandfearinadesperatelife.Theirfriendshipgrowsasdeepasthebondbetweensistersandasstrongasthetiesbetweenmotheranddaughter.cuttingforStonebyAbrahamVerghese541pages.Knopf.$26.95Likehismaincharacter,MarionStone,AbrahamVergheseisadoctorborninEthiopiawhoimmigratedtotheUnitedStates.Marionandhistwinbrother,Shuva,wereleftaloneatbirthwhentheirmotherdied,andtheirfather,adoctor,disappeared.Fleeinganactofpoliticalviolence,MarionlandsinNewYork,atacharityhospitalcalledOurLadyofPerpetualSuccour,wheretheeventsthathappenforcehimtofacehispast.1.Whichtwobooksmainlyfocusonfriendship?A.FoolandCuttingforStone.B.84,CharingCrossRoadandFool.C.CuttingforStoneandAThousandSplendidSuns.D.84,CharingCrossRoadandAThousandSplendidSuns.2.Whichbookisthebestchoicetolearnmoreabout"KingLear"?A.84,CharingCrossRoad.RFool.B.FoodC.AThousandSplendidSuns.D.CuttingforStone.3.WhatdoweknowaboutShivafromthepassage?A.HeisMariam'shusband.B.HeisLaila'smother.C.HeisVerghese'stwinbrother.D.HeisMarion'stwinbrother.4.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?-11-A.CuttingforStoneispublishedbyWilliamMorrow.B.AbrahamVerghesewasnotbornintheUSA.C.AThousandSplendidSunsisabookabouthistory.D.Foolisthethinnestbookandcoststhemost.BWhereshouldanadventuroustouristgo?Afteryou'vedonesightseeinginLondon,shoppinginNewYorktastedthelocalfoodinParis,anddancedtoyourheart'scontentattheBraziliancarnival,whereelsecanyougo?Whatexotictouristdestinationawaitsyou?Well,Antarcticasoundsliketheholidayofalifetime!It'sconsideredthelastgreatwildnessonEarth.Justafewscientistsinresearchstationssharetheicylandscapewithpenguinsandotheranimalswhichcancopewiththelowtemperatures.TourismbeganinAntarcticainthe1950sandit'sstillsmallscale.About37,000touristsareexpectedtherethisseason,butmanywon'tevenleavetheboat.TheBBC'sJulietRixvisitedthefrozencontinentandaskedherselfifsheshouldbethereatall,causingpotentialproblemstosuchasensitiveenvironment.Hertourguideadmittedthatallvisitorsleaveafootprintandtheyallgotothesameplaces,theaccessiblecoastline,whichisalsowherethepenguinsandsealsgotobreed.Butsomepeoplebelievethatifcarefullycontrolled,tourismcanbegoodforAntarctica.Ithasnonativepopulationanditneedsadvocates.Visitorstotheicycontinentmightbereadytosupportandeventofunditspreservation.Andthey'relikelytoengageinthediscussionaboutglobalwarming,whichhasledtothemeltingofglaciers.AccordingtoRix,guidelinesarefollowedwhenyou'reabouttosetfootinAntarcticaandtouristshavetodisinfect(消毒)theirbootstomakesurenoalienspeciesareintroduced.Andonceonland,there'snoeatingorsmoking.Rocks,bonefragments-nothingshouldbetakenasasouvenirandnothingshouldbeleftbehind.TouristsfortunateenoughtovisittheAntarcticamustbeawarethatthisisnottheirhomeandkeeptheirfingerscrossedthatfuturegenerationswillalsobe-11-abletoenjoysuchbreathtakingviews.5．Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.TheAntarcticahasbecomethebestplaceforpeopletotravelB.onlyscientistscanbeallowedtogotoAntarcticaC.AntarcticaislessaffectedbyhumanactivitiesD.noanimalscansurviveinAntarcticaexceptpenguins6.JulietRix'stravelinAntarcticamentionedinthefourthparagraphindicatesthat________.A.governmentsshouldtakemeasurestostoptouristsfromgoingtoAntarcticaB.whethertouristsshouldgotoAntarcticaornotshouldbeconsideredcarefullyC.theanimals-habitatinAntarcticahasbeenseriouslyaffectedbytourismD.onlyjournalistsbegintopayattentiontotheenvironmentalprotectioninAntarctica7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disinfect”inthesixthparagaphprabablymean?A.Clean.B.Move.C.Remove.D.Change.CMostheroesarenotsuper.Theydon'tappearincomicbooks,ontelevision，orinmovies.Theyjustdowhattheybelieveneedstobedonetomaketheirworldabetterplace.BikeBatmanisoneofthem.BikeBatmanisa30-year-oldmarriedengineerwholivesinSeattle,Washington.He'sacyclistwhoalsobuysandsellsbikesasahobby.Aboutthreeyearsago,hewaslookingforabikeforhiswife.HefoundoneonCraigslist,awebsitewherepeoplelistthingstheywanttosell.Asheoftendoes,healsolookedatBikeIndex,apopularwebsitethatallowsuserstoregistertheirbikesandpostreportswhenthey’retaken.Thebike,whichhewasconsideringpurchasing,clearlymatchedonereportedstolenonBikeIndex.Thenhecalledthepersonwhoclaimedtobethebike’sownerandarrangedtomeethim—supposedlytocompletethesale.Whenthetwomenmet,BikeBatmantoldthethief,“You’vegottwooptions.Youcanwaituntilapolice-11-officergetshere,oryoucanjustgetoutofhere.”Youcanimaginewhatthethiefdid.Afterthatfirstsuccess,BikeBatmandevelopedasaferroutine.WhenheseesquestionablebikeadsonCraigslist,hecross-referencestheimagewithbikesreportedonBikeIndex.Oncehehasconfirmeditwiththeowner,hearrangesameet-upwiththethiefandwillcalltheSeattlepolicedepartmentsothatofficerscanparticipateintheaction.Inmorethanhalfofthe22casesinwhichhehasgotbackandreturnedbikes,thethieveshavebeenarrested.Inonecase,BikeBatmanevenhelpedafamilyrecoverawiderangeofprizedpossessionsthatsuspectshadstolenduringahomeburglary.Hisnicknamecamefromadiscussionwithapoliceofficerwhosuggestedhebecalled“RobinHood”.Sincehewasn’texactlystealingfromtherichandgivingtothepoor,“Batman”seemedabetterfit.Theideaofasuperheropunishingcriminalsfeelsprettysillytohim,butthemainreasonhecontinueshisworkistokeepupSeattle’sreputationasafriendlycity.8.BikeBatmanis.A.asuperhero.B.awebsitemanager.C.aSeattlecitizen.D.apoliceofficer.9.WhatBikeBatmandiscoversaquestionablebike,bewillfirst.A.contacttheownerofthestolenbike.B.lookupthebike’sinformationonBikeIndex.C.lallthepolicedepartment.D.arrangetomeetthethief.10.BikeBatmanhelpfindthelostbikesto.A.becomefamous.B.helppoorpeople.C.punishbikethieves.D.buildafriendlycity.11.Fromthepassage,welearnthat.A.BikeBatmanfeltrelievedtoseethethievesarrested.B.BikeBatmanbeganhisgooddeedsbyaccident.C.thepolicefailedtoperformtheirduties.-11-D.thethievesrefusedtoreturnthebikes.DScientistshavediscoveredwhytheMonaLisa'sexpressionlookssodifferentdifferentpeopledifferenttimes.Forcenturies,artloverscriticshavebeenconfusedbyanddebatedtheLeonardoDaVincipainting'sgazeslightsmile.ButnewresearchfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFranciscohasshed__new__lightontheshiningandseeminglychangingfaceoftheMonaLisa.Throughexperiments,theydiscoveredthatouremotionsreallydochangehowweseeaneutral(不带感情色彩的)face.DrErikaSiegelandhercolleaguesstudyhowouremotionschangeourperceptions(感知)oftheworldaroundus—evenwhenwearen'tawarethatsomethinghaschangedourfeelings.Thisreliesonthemoderntheoryof“thebrainasinapredictiveorgan,insteadofareactiveone，”saysDrSiegel.Inotherwords,“wehavealifetimeofexperienceandweusethoseexperiencespredictwhatwegoingtoexperiencenext.Weallhaveonedominant(占支配地位的）eyeandonemorepassivenon－dominantone.Ifeacheyeisreceivingdifferentinformation,weonlyconsciouslyperceivewhatdominantonesees.Butnon－dominantsightscanstillenteroursubconscious.Theyshowed43peopletwosetsflashingimagessimultanenously,sothatthedominanteyesawregisteredneutralexpressions,whilenon－dominanteye“saw”flashesofneutral,orsmilingfaces,whichwouldonlysubconsciouslyAfterbeawareof.Afterviewingflashingfaces,theresearchersshowedbeparticipantsoptionsoffacesandaskedthemtopickoutwhichoneshadseen.Whentheirnon－dominanteyeshadseenhappyface,theyweremorelikelytothinktheneutralfacehadactuallybeensmiling,andthesamewastrueforotherexpression.Thismeansthat“ifyouseeMonaLisaafteryouhavejusthadascreaming-11-fightwithyourhusband,you'regoingtoseethepaintingdifferently.”saysDrSiegel.“Butifyou'rehavingthetimeofyourlifeattheLouvre,you'regoingtoseethemysterioussmile，”sheadds.“Wearethearchitectsofourownexperience.Ourbrainmakespredictionsaboutwhatitexpectstoseeandusesinformationfromtheworldtoupdateitsexpectations，”DrSiegelsays.12.WhatisthepurposeofDrSiegel5sresearch?A.Todiscoverwhypeopleperceivethesamethingdifferently.B.TohelpappreciatetheMenaLisa.C.Towinadehate.D.Totellasmilingfacefromaneutralface.13.Whichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningto"shednewlight"inParagraph3?A.Madesomethingbright.B.Pridednewexplanations.C.Addedlight-coloredpaints.D.Increasedamomountofnatuurallight.14.Whydidtheresearchersshowtheparticipantstwosetsofflashingimages?A.Toplayagame.B.Topickouttheirdominantandnon-dominanteyes.C.Tolengthentheeffectofthenon-dominanteyes.D.Toprovideimagesofmoreexpressions.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebeattitleforthetext?A.EffectsofEmotionsB.SwinghMiringC.AMysisteriousRescarehD.IsMdnaLisaSmiling?第二节（共5小题；毎小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选項中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Thescienceofpapermakingaddressthemethoda,equipment,useetomakepaperandcardboard,therebeingusedwidelyforprinting,andpackagingamongmanyotherpurposesandusefulproducts.Todayalmostallpaperisproducedusingindustrial,16-11-Themethodofmanual(手工的)papermakingverylittleovertime,despiteadvancesintechnologies,17.Separatetheusefulfibrefromtherestofrawmaterials.Beatdownthefibreintopulp(纸浆).Adjustthecolor,chemical,biological,andotherpropertiesofthepaper.Screen(筛选)theresultingliquid.Pressanddrytogettheactualpaper.18Itismadeofstainlessmaterialsandsetintheawoodenframesimilartothatofawindow.Thencompletelybetheitintheliquidanddrawitout.Waterisremovedandthewetmatoffibeislaidontopofadampcloth.Thefairlydampfiberisthendried.Finally,thepaperisthencuttothedesiredshapeandpacked.Thewoodonframeiscalleda“deckle”(定纸框)。19The“deckleedges”areoneoftheindicationsthatthepaperwasmadebyhand.Deckle-edgedpaperisoccasionallyimitatedtodaytocreateimpressionofold-fashionedhuxury.20Itisalsousedinpaperfactoriestocheekthequalityoftheproductionprocess.The“handsheets”madeaccordingtoTAPPIStandardT205aretestedforpapercharacteristcssuchasbrightness,strengh,anddegreeofsizing.A.Screeningthefibreinvolvesusingaspecialnet.B.Theprocessofpapermakingisreallycomplicated.C.Itleavestheedgesofthepaperisslightlyirregularandwavy.D.Inlaboratorieshandmadepaperispreparedtostudypapermaking.E.However,traditionalpapermakinginAsiausestheinnerskinfibresofplants.F.Theprocessofmanufacturinghandmadepapercanbegenetalizedintofivesteps.G.Buthandmadepaperisstillappreciatedforitsdistinctiveuniquenessandtheskilledcraft.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）第一节完形填空（共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Attheveryyoungageofsix,myLifewasthrownintoadownwardspiral(旋涡)ofconstantpain,surgeries,sadnessanddeprasion,Iwasacar21onmywayhome,beinghitbyatruck.Myleftlegget_22betweenthewheels.Iwasleftwithanexposed-11-bone,lotsofpainandthe23memoriesofthosefewmoments,whichwerrforever24inraymind.AtfirstIspentayearandhalfinthe25.IhaddressingseveryFridayand26nightsanddays.I'msuremostofyoudon'tknowthisbecauseI'veprobablynever27thiswithanyone.PeoplehavequestionedsomanytimesandIeveptuallygot28;Ijustworeclothesthatcould29myleg.Icouldn'tdothisinschoolbecausewehada30andofcourseIwasbulliedbysomeandcallednames,31inprimaryschool.Scarsshouldn'tdefineaperson.Myscarsaremyproof(证明)ofmy32.ManyyearslaterIhavechanged-Ibegantoloveandaccesptmyself.I33whatIwantandIamhappymyselfmyself.Ihavealwaysrisenabovemycircumstanceandmy34hasneverstoppedmefrompursuing(追求)mydreams.Itmayhave35medownbutitnevertookmy36away.Youdon'tknowwhatI've37butIhavebeenandcontinuetobe38forbeingmyself,sowhenyouseeme39,don'tbequicktojudge.JustbegladformebecauseI'mdefinitely40.IammorethanmylegandIammorethanwhatpeoplechoosetosee.21.A.exhibitionB.accidentC.tripD.company22.A.operatedB.examinedC.trappedD.lost23.A.sillyB.terrifyingC.fonfttanlD.brief24.A.plantelB.forgottenC.destroyedD.changed25.A.waitingroomB.hospitalC.schoolD.bedroom26.A.strangeB.raidC.lonelyD.painful27.A.experieneedB.enjoyedC.tastedD.shared28.A.fedupB.wornoutC.cheeredupD.knockedout29.A.protectB.coverC.decorateD.warm30.A.lessonB.classC.unifornD.teacher31.A.personallyB.formallyC.especiallyD.luckily32.A.knowledgeB.strengthC.shortcomingD.illness33.A.drinkB.watchC.wearD.buy-11-34.A.handB.eyeC.mouthD.leg35.A.wroteB.pushedC.slewedD.cut36.A.lifeB.hopeC.healthD.money37.A.gonethroughB.talkedaboutC.caredforD.handedin38.A.cheatedB.followedC.quetionedD.loved39.A.araileB.sleepC.dieD.drive40.A.sorryB.disappointedC.proudD.happy第二节（共10小题；毎题1.5分，满15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everyoneknowsthatregularexerciseisgoodforthebody.Butexerciseisalsooneofthemosteffective41(way)toimporoveyourmentalhealth.Regularexercisecanhaveaprofoundlypoitiveinfluence42depression,anxiety,andmore.Italsorelievesstreet,43(help)yousleepbetter,andmakesyoufeelhappy.Researchindicatesthatnomatterhowoldyouareorhowfityouare,youcanlearntouseexerciseasa44(power)tooltofeelbetter.Sure,exercisecanimporoveyourphysicalhealth,improveyourwaisrline,45evenaddyearstoyourlife.Sopeoplewhoexercise46(regular)teedtodosobecauseitgivethemanenormoussenseofwell-being.Theyfeelmoreenergeticthroughouttheday,sleep47(well)atnight,havesharpermemories,andfeelmorerelaxedandpositiveabout48(they)andtheirlives.Andit'salsopowerfulmedicineformanymentalhealthchallenges.Wonderingjusthowactiveyouneedtobetogetamentalhealthboost?It'sprobablynotasyouthink.Youdon'tneed49(devote)hoursoutofyourbusyday,trainatthegym,orrunmile.Youcangainall50physicalandmentalhealthbenefitsofexercisewith30-minuteofmoderatefivetimesaweek.Two15-minuteoreventhree10-minuteexercisesessionscanalsoworkjustaswell.第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10处；每处1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，清你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。-11-增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。刪除:把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均只限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Igotuplatelyyesterdaybecausemyalarnclockdidn'tling.Withnotimeforthebreakfast,Irushedoutofmyhouse.Ihadintendedtocatch7:30subway,andIdidn'tmakeit.Havealittletimeieft,Itakeataxiinstead.Iarrivedattheschoolonlyfind,withgreatsadnessmixedwithsomerelief,thatthesctoolwhereshouldhavebeenfullofstudentswasempty.ItwasSaturday.Hovever,ourillluckshowednosignofcomingattheend.WhenIreturnedhome,Ifoundmyselflockout.Ihadforgottentobringthekey.Justmyluck!第二节书面表达（满分25分)假设你是高三学生李华，写信建议你的美国朋友Tom参加爱21世纪学生英文报(21stCenturyTeens)为外国人举办的2022“最美中国（AmazingChina)手机摄影大赛。信的内容包括：1.作品内容栗求；2.提交时间和方式；3.表示愿意提供帮助。注意：1.词数不少于100；2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。-11-