福建省福州市2022届高三下学期3月一模试题英语（Word版带解析）

2022年3月福州市高中毕业班质量检测英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15B.£9.18C.£9.151.Whyistheman’sphonebroken?A.Thebatterydied.B.Ithaswaterdamage.C.Hedroppeditontheground.2.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Turnonafan.B.Leavetheoffice.C.Setoffthealarm.3.Howmanypeoplewillbeatdinner?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.4.Whatkeptthewomanawakelastnight?A.Thestorm.B.Thetemperature.C.Therepairsofthepower.5.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Eatingvegetables.B.Shoppingforfruit.C.Pickingflowers.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whydoesthewomancall?A.Tobookatable.B.Torescheduleaninterview.C.Toapplyforapart-time,job.7.Whatwillthewomandoat2:30thisafternoon?A.Attendaclass.B.Meetthemanager.C.Workinarestaurant.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthegirl?ASheisalwaysbored.B.Shemissesherfamily.C.Sheisbusythisweekend.9.Whendidthegirlseeherfamilylasttime?A.Onaholiday.B.Onherbirthday.C.Atarelative’swedding.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?A.Childeducation.B.Petmanagement.C.Noisedisturbance.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakers’newneighbors?A.Theyhavethreekids.B.Theyhaveabigapartment.C.Theyoftenkeeptheirdogsin.12.Howwillthespeakersprobablydealwiththeproblem?A.Speakwiththeirneighbors.B.Talkwiththeotherresidents.C.Sendamessagetotheirneighbors.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inastudio.B.Inalibrary.C.Inamuseum.14.WhendidRonaldmeetAnsel?A.Whilefishingonaboat.B.Whilewalkingthroughthewoods.C.Whilerelaxingonthetopofamountain.15.WhatmadeRonaldwanttolearnfromAnsel?A.Thatheknewthebestspots.BThathehadapassionforart.C.Thathehadawealthofinformation.16.WhoisRonald?A.Adesigner.B.Aphotographer.C.Anhistorian.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowdidtheDoggerlandpeoplemakealiving?A.Byhunting.B.Byfarming.C.Bytrading.18.WhooftenfindtheevidenceofDoggerland?,A.Scientists.B.Fishermen.C.Historians.19.Whichmodernissuedoresearcherswarnusabout?A.Climatechange.B.Immigration(移民).C.Pollution.20Whatisthemainsubjectofthetalk?A.TheUK’sancientfloodstories.B.ThedangeroffloodingintheUK.C.AncientfloodedlandofftheUKcoast.第二部分阅读（共两节、满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWiththeattractivesceneryandthepossibilityofamonster(怪物)sighting,LochNessistheoneofthoseraredestinationsthatengageseveryone.UrquhartCastleCapturedbyEdward1in1296,thisprizedcastlechangedhandsbetweentheScotsandEnglishonseveraloccasions.Thoughruinedtoday,it’sstillpossibletoclimbtheGrantTowerandvisitthebattlementsandprisoncells.Acafeandvisitorcentreoffermodernfacilitiesinhistoricsurroundings.TheLochNessCentreForthosewhowishtodigestthecompletehistoryofLochNess,thiscentreisparticularlygoodatdocumentingthehistoryofthismysteriousstretchofwater,includingmanyattemptstosearchforNessie,theinfamousmonster.Italsoholdscuriousartifacts(古器物)suchasthedivingsuitwornbyLloydScottwhenheundertookhisunderwatermarathon.TheClansmanCentreAtthesouthendofLochNess,thisattractionuncoversthetruthsurrounding18th-centuryfamilylife.AudiencemembersgettheopportunitytoputonHighlanddressandthere’sademonstrationonhowweaponswereused.ThepresentationstakeplacewithintherecreatedinteriorofaHighlandhouse,addingatmosphereandauthenticity(真实).SouthLochNessTrailThis36-milerouteinviteshikersalongthequietersouthsideofLochNess,passingthroughthreevillages,andtakingintheFallsofFoyers.Walkershikeamixofminorroadsandforesttracks,withhighlightsincludingSuidheViewpoint(amountainousviewat1,200feet).Ifitsoundstooeasygoing,,thenconsidertheLochNess360°Trailinsteadforamorechallenging,80-mileroute.1.WhichplacebestsuitsvisitorsinterestedinNessie?A.UrquhartCastle.B.TheLochNessCentre.C.TheClansmanCentre.D.SouthLochNessTrail.2.WhatisspecialabouttheClansmanCentre?A.Itprovidesagenuinescene.B.Itdisplaysfascinatingscenery.C.Itexhibitsentertainingartifacts.D.Itpossessesmodernconveniences.3.Whichofthefollowingwouldatouristchooseifhewantstochallengehimself?A.SeekingtheFallsofFoyers.B.Walkingalongthequieterside.C.HikingtheLochNess360°Trail.D.Searchingamixofminorroadsandtracks.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍有着迷人的风景和怪物的可能性的尼斯湖各景点。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段“ForthosewhowishtodigestthecompletehistoryofLochNess,thiscentreisparticularlygoodatdocumentingthehistoryofthismysteriousstretchofwater,includingmanyattemptstosearchforNessie,theinfamousmonster.”（对于那些想了解尼斯湖水的完整历史的人来说，这个中心尤其擅长记录这片神秘水域的历史，包括许多寻找臭名昭著的尼斯湖水怪的尝试。）可知，TheLochNessCentre最适合对尼斯湖水怪感兴趣的游客。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章第四段“AudiencemembersgettheopportunitytoputonHighlanddressandthere’sademonstrationonhowweaponswereused.ThepresentationstakeplacewithintherecreatedinteriorofaHighlandhouse,addingatmosphereandauthenticity.”（观众们有机会穿上高地服装，还有一场关于如何使用武器的演示。这些展示会在一栋高地住宅的内部重建中进行，增加了气氛和真实性。）可知，在TheClansmanCentre中，尽量在揭示了18世纪家庭生活的真相，布置还原当时情景。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Walkershikeamixofminorroadsandforesttracks,withhighlightsincludingSuidheViewpoint(amountainousviewat1,200feet).Ifitsoundstooeasygoing,then,considertheLochNess360°Trailinsteadforamorechallenging,80-mileroute.”（步行者徒步行走的地方有小道和林间小路，亮点包括SuidheViewpoint（海拔1200英尺的山景）。如果听起来太随和，那么考虑LochNess360°Trail，这是一个更有挑战性的80英里的路线。）可知，LochNess360°Trail更具有挑战性。故选C项。BTracyGarrettwastheMrFix-itofavillagewhereIlivedfortwoyears.Iheardaboutmysteriousdoingsofhislatewife,Minnie.Therewerestoriesofsomeonewhohadgotintotroubleaproperamountofmoneywouldcure,andeachendedonthesamestrangenote:“Minnieisinhockagain.”Itriedtotalkwithlocalstosolvethemystery.Butatanewcomer’sspyingcuriosity,thevillagersalwaysavoidedtheissuewithNewEnglandreservation.Itleftmecompletelyinthedark.SoonIbeganhavingtroublesofmyown.Mydaughterhadanexpensiveoperation,butthemoneyIhadcountedondidn’tcomein.OnedayGarrettcametofixmysink,whichneverworkedproperly.Workingsilentlyforawhile,helookedatmeandsaid,“Understandyou’vebeenhavingalittletrouble.”Iwasfeelingbitter,butstilltalkeditout.“Thenit’stimeyoumetMinnie,”hesaiddecisively.Ifeltabitscaredandwaspreparedforanything,butallthathappenedwasthathetookoutatired-looking$1000bank-note.Roughlyprintedonitwas:MINNIE.“AllyoudoistakeMinnietothebankandputherupforloanforanyamountupto$1000.Youpaythebanktheirregularrateofinterest,andthenMinniecomesbacktome.”Hecontinued.“Minnielovedthisvillage,andshewantedtokeeponhelpingpeopleaftershewasgone.”Ibegantounderstandwhythetownfolkhadbeensosecretive.Theydidn’tknowwhetherIcouldbetrustedwithasecretsoprecious.ThoughImovedawaylater,IwouldliketobelieveMinnieisstillincirculation(流通).Minniestrikesmeasthekindofwomanwhogoesonforever.4.WhowasTracyGarrett?A.Abanker.B.Adoctor.C.Arepairman.D.Agardener.5.WhatisPara.2mainlyabout?A.LittlewasreservedforMinnie.B.“I”failedtouncoverthemystery.C.Thelocalswerecuriousaboutnewcomers.D.Minniewastalkedaboutalotinthe,village.6.Howdid“I”getoutofthetrouble?A.HetookMinnietothebank.B.HeturnedtoGarrettforhelp.C.HeborrowedmoneyfromMinnie.D.HeloanedonMinnie’sguarantee.7.Whichofthefollowingbestconveysthemessage?A.Kindnessisthekeythatunlockstheheart.B.Hewhoplantskindnessgatherslove.C.Alittlekindnessgoesalongway.D.Itisingivingthatwereceive.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述作者在困境中的得到已去世的Minnie夫人帮助的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“TracyGarrettwastheMrFix-itofavillagewhereIlivedfortwoyears.”（TracyGarrett是我住了两年的一个村子里的修理工。）以及后文“OnedayGarrettcametofixmysink,”（有一天Garrett来修我的水槽）可知，Garrett是一个修理工。故选C项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第二段“Itriedtotalkwithlocalstosolvethemystery.Butatanewcomer’sspyingcuriosity,thevillagersalwaysavoidedtheissuewithNewEnglandreservation.Itleftmecompletelyinthedark.”（我试图与当地人交谈以解开谜团。但在一个新来者的窥探好奇心下，村民们总是用新英格兰的保留意见的传统来回避问题。这让我完全不知所措。）可知，第二段主要讲作者试图解谜，但是当地村民故意避开，结果作者一无所获。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段““AllyoudoistakeMinnietothebankandputherupforloanforanyamountupto$1000.Youpaythebanktheirregularrateofinterest,andthenMinniecomesbacktome.”Hecontinued.“Minnielovedthisvillage,andshewantedtokeeponhelpingpeopleaftershewasgone.””（“你要做的就是把Minnie带到银行，让她贷款，金额不超过1000美元。你向银行支付他们的正常利率，然后Minnie回到我身边。”他接着说。“Minnie喜欢这个村子，她想在离开后继续帮助人们。”）可知，作者后面是用Minnie的名义保证，到银行贷到款而解决问题的。故选D项。,【7题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段“ThoughImovedawaylater,IwouldliketobelieveMinnieisstillincirculation.Minniestrikesmeasthekindofwomanwhogoesonforever.”（虽然我后来搬走了，但我还是相信Minnie还在流通。Minnie给我留下的印象是，她是一个永远还存活着的女人。）可知，作者通过这件事，永远记住了Minnie，记住了她的友善和恩惠。所以推断Minnie将永远铭记在她帮助过人的心里并受爱戴。所以B项Hewhoplantskindnessgatherslove（种下善意的人会得到爱）符合题意。故选B项。CWhenIsteppedintotheSamcheongParkLibraryinSeoul,Isawthefuture.Thesimplebuildinghadaniceselectionofbooksandacafewherereaderscouldenjoycoffeewhilegazingattheleavesoutside.Itwasspecificallydesignedwithoutanylatesttechnology.“What’ssoinnovativeaboutthat?”alibrarianinTorontoaskedwhenIshowedherpictures.Innovationtohermeantdigitaltechnology,like3Dprinters.“Whycouldn’ttheybothbeinnovative?”Iasked.Weareconstantlytoldthatinnovationisthemostimportantforceinoureconomy,withoutwhichwewouldbeleftbehind.Butthatfearofmissingouthasledustofallintothefalsetrappingsofinnovationovertrulyinnovativeideasthatmaybesimplerandmoreeffective.Thismindsetimpliesthatifyoujustbuythenewthing,youhaveinnovated!Eachyear,businessesandindividualsrunaroundlikebrokentoyrobots,tryingtofigureouttheirstrategyforthelatestbuzzwordequipment.Atbest,thisisawasteofresources.Devicesarebought,usedandabandoned,asthetechnology’scapabilitiesfallshortofitspromise.Butatitsworst,thisapproachcantrulycausedamage.Schoolscutfieldtripstopurchasetabletswithfewprovenbenefits.CompaniesthatappliedA.I.intohiringhaveactuallystrengthenedgenderandracialprejudices.Trueinnovationisn’tjustsomemagicdevices.Itisacontinuingprocessofreflectionandreassessment,whichoftenmeansadopting“old”ideasandtoolsinanewcontext,orevenreturningtomethodsthatworkedinthepast.Adjustedproperly,theserearview(后视的)innovationshaveprovedastransformativeasnoveltechnologies.LooknofartherthanthestreetsofNewYork,whichhavebeenredesignedrecentlytoaccommodatecyclistswithcar-freezones.Theideaisn’tnew.Itwascreatedhalfacenturyago,withtheaimofbringingcitiesbacktotheirresidents.Andwhilee-readersaleshavebeenexploding,,Penguinjustannounceditwouldpublishtinyprintedbooks,anidealsolutionforamarketdemandingbothconvenienceandphysicality.8.Whyisalibrarianmentioned?A.Tosetanexample.B.Tociteanauthority.C.Tomakeaprediction.D.Topresentanargument.9.Whatdoestheunderlined“buzzword”meaninPara.3?A.Fashionable.B.Affordable.C.Practical.D.Imaginative.10.Whatdoesthewriteragreewithaboutinnovation?A.Wastedresourcesleadtoinnovation.B.Magicdevicesencourageinnovation.C.Innovationshouldbehuman-centered.D.Thepoweroftechnologyisundervalued.11.Whatisprobablythebesttitleofthetext?A.InnovationIsNotThatExpensiveB.FutureLiesinReturningtothePastC.SomeBestIdeasAreintheRearviewMirrorD.Innovation:theMostImportantForceinEconomy【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是什么是真正的创新。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的““What’ssoinnovativeaboutthat?”alibrarianinTorontoaskedwhenIshowedherpictures.Innovationtohermeantdigitaltechnology,like3Dprinters.“Whycouldn’ttheybothbeinnovative?”Iasked.(“这有什么创新之处?”当我给多伦多的一位图书管理员看照片时，她问道。对她来说，创新意味着数字技术，比如3D打印机。“为什么它们不能都创新呢?”我问。)”可知，作者和这位图书管理员对创新的看法不一致，因此提到图书管理员的目的是为了提出论点，即到底什么是真正的创新，答案是Topresentanargument，故选D。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Thismindsetimpliesthatifyoujustbuythenewthing,youhaveinnovated!(这种心态意味着，如果你只是买了新东西，你就已经创新了！)”,可知，很多人认为如果买了新的东西，就意味着创新了，因此每年，企业和个人都试图为最新的时髦设备制定策略，因此划线词buzzword的意思是“时髦的”，即Fashionable，故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Itisacontinuingprocessofreflectionandreassessment,whichoftenmeansadopting“old”ideasandtoolsinanewcontext,orevenreturningtomethodsthatworkedinthepast.(这是一个不断反思和重新评估的过程，这通常意味着在新的环境中采用“旧的”思想和工具，甚至回到过去有效的方法。)”可知，创新是要在新环境中用不断反思，用“旧的”思想和工具，也就是要以人为本，故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第二段的“Trueinnovationisn’tjustsomemagicdevices.Itisacontinuingprocessofreflectionandreassessment,whichoftenmeansadopting“old”ideasandtoolsinanewcontext,orevenreturningtomethodsthatworkedinthepast.Adjustedproperly,theserearview(后视的)innovationshaveprovedastransformativeasnoveltechnologies.(真正的创新不只是一些神奇的设备。这是一个不断反思和重新评估的过程，这通常意味着在新的环境中采用“旧的”思想和工具，甚至回到过去有效的方法。经过适当调整，这些后视镜创新被证明与新技术一样具有变革性。)”可知，本文主要论述的是什么是真正的创新，即用过去的方法，根据环境进行反思和重新评估，也就不会那么昂贵，因此A选项“InnovationIsNotThatExpensive(创新不是那么昂贵的)”，故选A。DEyesaresaidtobethewindowtothesoul—butresearchersatGoogleseethemasindicatorsofaperson’shealth.AstudysuggeststhatGoogle’scomputerscanpredictwhethersomeoneisatriskofaheartattackbyanalyzingaphotographoftheirretina(视网膜).Theresearchreliedonaconvolutionalneuralnetwork,atypeofdeep-learningalgorithm(算法)thatistransforminghowbiologistsanalyseimages.Google’sapproachispartofawaveofnewdeep-learningapplicationsthataremakingimageprocessingeasierandcouldevenidentifyoverlookedbiologicalphenomena.Theapproachtookoffinthetechsectoraround2012,butscientistsstruggledtoapplythenetworkstobiology,inpartbecauseofculturaldifferencesbetweenfields.“Takeagroupofsmartbiologistsandputtheminaroomofsmartcomputerscientistsandtheywilltalktwodifferentlanguagestoeachother,andhavedifferentmindsets,”saysDaphneKoller,chiefcomputingofficeratCalico.,However,throughyearsofstudy,somescientistshaveseenashiftthathasneverhappenedbeforeinhowwellmachinelearningcanaccomplishbiologicaltasksthathavetodowithimaging.Othersaremostexcitedbytheideathatanalysingimageswithconvolutionalneuralnetworkscouldunknowinglyrevealunnoticeablebiologicalphenomena,encouragingbiologiststoaskquestionstheymightnothaveconsideredbefore.Suchdiscoveriescouldhelptoadvancediseaseresearch.Ifdeeplearningcanrevealmarkersofcancerinanindividualcell,itcouldhelptobringaboutnewassumptionsabouthowcancerspreads.Othermachine-learningexpertsinbiologyhavesettheirsightsonnewfrontiers,nowthatconvolutionalneuralnetworksaretakingflightforimageprocessing.“Imagingisimportant,butsoischemistryandmolecular(分子)data,”saysAlexWolf,acomputationalbiologist.Wolfhopestoimproveneuralnetworkssothattheycananalysegeneexpression.“Ithinktherewillbeaverybigbreakthroughinthenextfewyears,”hesays.12.Whatdoweknowaboutaconvolutionalneuralnetwork?A.Itcanpredictdiseases.B.Itisalearningmachine.C.Itcantransformimages.D.Itisanimageprocessor.13.WhatcanweinferfromDaphneKoller’swords?A.Barriersexistincertainfields.B.Scientistshavedifferentresearchaims.C.Characterspreventscientificcooperation.D.Technicallimitationisthebiggestchallenge.14.Withfurtherstudyofconvolutionalneuralnetworks,______.A.manybiologicalquestionsgetansweredB.itdrivesbiologiststoexplorethefieldwidelyC.imageanalysiscangoonwithoutbeingnoticedD.manydeep-learningapplicationshavebeenimproved15.Whatisimpliedinthelastparagraph?A.Neuralnetworksarepromising.B.Itisconvenienttoprocessimages.C.Itisnecessarytoworkonnewfrontiers.D.Analyzinggeneexpressionisimperfect.【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述卷积神经网络在图像处理领域的兴起和应用。,【12题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段“Eyesaresaidtobethewindowtothesoul—butresearchersatGoogleseethemasindicatorsofaperson’shealth.AstudysuggeststhatGoogle’scomputerscanpredictwhethersomeoneisatriskofaheartattackbyanalyzingaphotographoftheirretina”（据说眼睛是通向灵魂的窗口，但谷歌的研究人员将其视为一个人健康的指标。一项研究表明，谷歌的计算机可以通过分析一个人的视网膜照片来预测他是否有心脏病发作的风险）以及第二段“Theresearchreliedonaconvolutionalneuralnetwork,atypeofdeep-learningalgorithmthatistransforminghowbiologistsanalyseimages.Google’sapproachispartofawaveofnewdeep-learningapplicationsthataremakingimageprocessingeasierandcouldevenidentifyoverlookedbiologicalphenomena.”（这项研究依赖于卷积神经网络，这是一种深度学习算法，正在改变生物学家分析图像的方式。谷歌的方法是新一轮深度学习应用程序的一部分，这些应用程序使图像处理变得更容易，甚至可以识别被忽视的生物现象。）可知，aconvolutionalneuralnetwork是一种深度学习算法，可用来帮助预测人是否有疾病。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段“Theapproachtookoffinthetechsectoraround2012,butscientistsstruggledtoapplythenetworkstobiology,inpartbecauseofculturaldifferencesbetweenfields.”（这种方法在2012年左右在科技领域开始流行，但科学家们难以将这种网络应用于生物学，部分原因是不同领域之间的文化差异。）可推知，后文DaphneKoller举例的那一段话就是为了说明论证前面culturaldifferencesbetweenfields，说明在不同领域会存在的文化不同，形成交流障碍。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段“Othersaremostexcitedbytheideathatanalysingimageswithconvolutionalneuralnetworkscouldunknowinglyrevealunnoticeablebiologicalphenomena,encouragingbiologiststoaskquestionstheymightnothaveconsideredbefore.”（另一些人则最为兴奋的是，使用卷积神经网络分析图像可能会在不知不觉中揭示不可见的生物现象，从而鼓励生物学家提出他们以前可能没有考虑过的问题。）可推知，卷积神经网络分析图像可能会让生物学家更深入广泛地探索他们的领域。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段““Imagingisimportant,butsoischemistryandmoleculardata,”saysAlexWolf,acomputationalbiologist.Wolfhopestoimproveneuralnetworkssothattheycan,analysegeneexpression.“Ithinktherewillbeaverybigbreakthroughinthenextfewyears,”hesays.”（“成像很重要，但化学和分子数据也很重要，”计算生物学家亚历克斯·沃尔夫说。沃尔夫希望改进神经网络，使其能够分析基因表达。“我认为未来几年将会有一个非常大的突破，”他说。）可推知，神经网络将有一个很有钱途的将来。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouhavebeendiagnosedwithpanicdisorder,thenyouhavelikelyexperiencedconstantfearandanxiety.Researchhasshownthatusingrelaxationtechniquescanhelpreducenervousness.Somecommontechniquesincludebreathingexercisesoryoga.___16___Anotherpowerfuloneisvisualization,whichcanhelpyourelievestress.Itinvolvesusingmentalimagerytoachieveamorerelaxedstateofmind.Similartodaydreaming,visualizationisaccomplishedthroughtheuseofyourimagination.Therearereasonswhyvisualizationcanhelpyoucopewithpanicdisorderorpanicattacks.___17___Whenexperiencingapanicattack,yourmindmayfocusontheworry,theworstthingsthatcanhappenandotherconcernsthatonlyaddtoyoursenseoffearfulness.Visualizationworkstoexpandyourabilitytorelaxbyfocusingyourmindonmorecalmingimages.Beforevisualization,makesureyourenvironmentissetupforyourcomfort.Tobetterrelax,getridofanydistractions(干扰),suchasphones,petsorTV.___18___Removeanyheavyjewelryorrestrictingclothing.Getreadytorelaxbyeithersittingorlyingdowninapositionthatfeelsmostcomfortabletoyou.___19___Feelfreetochangeittobettersuityourneedsandimagination.___20___Throughregularpractice,youwillmoreeasilybeabletousevisualizationwhenyoureallyneedit,suchaswhenyoustartfeelingthephysicalsymptomsofpanicandanxiety.A.Takeyourtimeandslowlyopenyoureyes.B.Thenyoumaybeginyourvisualizationexercise.C.Ifthescenedoesn’tfityou,tryyourownvisualization.D.Theyarerelativelyeasytolearnandcanbepracticeddaily.E.Considerhowyourthoughtswanderwhenyoufeelpanicoranxiety.F.Trytofindaquietplacewhereyouwillmostlikelybeundisturbed.G.Togetbetteratvisualization,trypracticingatleastseveraltimesaday.,【答案】16.D17.E18.F19.C20.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有助于缓解紧张的放松技巧——视觉化。【16题详解】上文“Somecommontechniquesincludebreathingexercisesoryoga.（一些常见的技巧包括呼吸练习或瑜伽。）”说明常见的放松技巧有呼吸练习或瑜伽，结合常识可知，这些都是人们普遍使用的放松技巧，容易上手并可每天练习，D项“Theyarerelativelyeasytolearnandcanbepracticeddaily.（它们相对容易学习，可以每天练习。）”与上文构成顺承关系，且句中“They”指代上文“breathingexercisesoryoga”，上下文语意连贯。故选D项。【17题详解】上文“Therearereasonswhyvisualizationcanhelpyoucopewithpanicdisorderorpanicattacks.（视觉化能帮助你应对恐慌症或恐慌发作是有原因的。）”提出视觉化有助于应对恐慌症或恐慌发作是有原因的，根据逻辑常识可知，下文应说明具体原因是什么，E项“Considerhowyourthoughtswanderwhenyoufeelpanicoranxiety（想想当你感到恐慌或焦虑时，你的思想是如何游离的。）”与下文“Whenexperiencingapanicattack,yourmindmayfocusontheworry,…”（当经历恐慌发作时……）一起解释了视觉化为什么能应对恐慌症，上下文语意连贯。故选E项。【18题详解】由上文“Beforevisualization,makesureyourenvironmentissetupforyourcomfort.Tobetterrelax,getridofanydistractions,suchasphones,petsorTV.（在进行视觉化之前，请确保您的环境设置得舒适。为了更好地放松，摆脱任何干扰，比如电话、宠物或电视。）”可知，该段为说明与环境有关的内容，F项“Trytofindaquietplacewhereyouwillmostlikelybeundisturbed”（尽量找一个安静的地方，你很可能不会被打扰。）为对上文内容的总结，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。【19题详解】上文“Getreadytorelaxbyeithersittingorlyingdowninapositionthatfeelsmostcomfortabletoyou.（准备好放松，要么坐着，要么躺着，找一个你觉得最舒服的姿势。）”说明要选择合适的场景，结合下文“Feelfreetochangeittobettersuityourneedsandimagination.（您可以随意更改它，以更好地满足您的需求和想象。）”中“changeit”可推知，设空句中场景不合适，C项“Ifthescenedoesn’tfityou,tryyourownvisualization.（如果这个场景不适合你，试试你自己的想象。）”与此推论一致，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。,【20题详解】下文“Throughregularpractice,youwillmoreeasilybeabletousevisualizationwhenyoureallyneedit,…（通过定期的练习，当你真的需要时，你会更容易地使用视觉化……）”提到定期的练习，G项“Togetbetteratvisualization,trypracticingatleastseveraltimesaday.（为了更好地视觉化，试着每天至少练习几次。）”讲要定期训练，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onceuponatime,myfatherandIgotlostinaforestinFrance.Imusthavebeenabouttwelveorthirteen.Anyway,itwasbeforethetimewhenmostpeople___21___amobilephone.ItwasintheLoireValley.Abouthalfanhour,mydad___22___thetruth.“Oh,itseemsthatwe’relost.”Wewalkedaroundandaroundincircles,tryingtofindthepath,___23___withnoluck.Icouldtellmydadwasstartingto___24___,evenashewastryingtohideitfromme.Wehadbeenintheforestforhoursthenandbothknewmymomwouldbeinastateofabsolute___25___.Atschool,IhadjustbeentoldthestoryofthehikerswhohaddiedinthewildernessandIfounditeasyto___26___thatwouldbeourfatetoo.“Ifwekeepgoingina___27___linewe’llgetoutofhere,”mydadsaid.Andhewasright.___28___weheardthesoundofcarsand___29___amainroad.Wewereelevenmilesfromthevillagewherewehad___30___,butatleastwehadsignposts.AndIoftenthinkofthatstrategy,whenIamtotally___31___—literallyormetaphorically(比喻).IthoughtofitwhenIwasinthemiddleofa___32___,whenmyheartbeatrapidlywith___33___anddidn’tknowhowIcouldcarryonliving.Walkingonefootinfrontoftheother,inthesame___34___,willalwaysgetyoufurtherthanrunningaroundincircles.It’saboutthe___35___tokeepwalkingforward.21.A.ownedB.borrowedC.inventedD.promoted22.A.revealedB.realizedC.toldD.faced23.A.allB.ifC.yetD.so24.A.complainB.eruptC.regretD.panic25.A.terrorB.angerC.disappointmentD.loss26.A.decideB.announceC.imagineD.clarify27.A.simpleB.shortC.straightD.similar,28.A.RegularlyB.EventuallyC.SurprisinglyD.Generally29.A.choseB.missedC.followedD.reached30.A.setoffB.passedC.calledatD.lived31.A.lostB.sensitiveC.angryD.stuck32.A.termB.raceC.performanceD.breakdown33.A.excitementB.surpriseC.fearD.interest34.A.wayB.cycleC.directionD.distance35.A.ambitionB.determinationC.inspirationD.cooperation【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.D25.A26.C27.C28.B29.D30.A31.A32.D33.C34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过描述作者和父亲一次在森林里迷路的经历，告诉我们在面临困境的时候，保持同一个方向，有继续前进的决心，总能走出困境。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论如何，那是在大多数人拥有手机之前。A.owned拥有；B.borrowed借来；C.invented发明；D.promoted促进。根据后文“amobilephone”指拥有手机，应用own。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大约半个小时后，我爸爸意识到了事实。A.revealed揭露；B.realized意识到；C.told告诉；D.faced面对。根据后文宾语thetruth指父亲认识到了他们迷路的事实。故选B。【23题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们绕着圈子走了又走，试图找到那条路，但运气不佳。A.all全部；B.if如果；C.yet然而；D.so所以。根据后文“withnoluck”可知他们没有找到路，前后文为转折关系，应用yet。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我能看出我爸爸开始恐慌了，尽管他试图瞒着我。A.complain抱怨；B.erupt喷发；C.regret后悔；D.panic恐慌。根据后文“Wehadbeenintheforestfor,hours”可知父子俩在森林里迷路了，父亲开始恐慌。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们在森林里待了好几个小时，都知道妈妈肯定处于极度恐惧的状态。A.terror惊恐；B.anger愤怒；C.disappointment失望；D.loss损失。根据上文“Wehadbeenintheforestforhours”可知父子俩在森林里迷路了，母亲肯定很担心害怕。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校的时候，我刚听人讲过那些死在荒野里的徒步旅行者的故事，我发现很容易想象我们的命运也会是这样。A.decide决定；B.announce宣布；C.imagine想象；D.clarify澄清。根据上文“IhadjustbeentoldthestoryofthehikerswhohaddiedinthewildernessandIfounditeasyto”可知，作者听人讲过那些死在荒野里的徒步旅行者的故事，所以很容易想象他们的命运也会是这样。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“如果我们继续走直线，我们就能离开这里，”爸爸说。A.simple简单的；B.short短暂的；C.straight直的；D.similar相似的。根据后文“linewe’llgetoutofhere”可知沿着走直线就能走出森林，故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后我们听到了汽车的声音，来到了一条主要道路上。A.Regularly定期地；B.Eventually终于；C.Surprisingly惊人地；D.Generally通常。根据后文“weheardthesoundofcars”可知作者和父亲最后走出了森林，故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后我们听到了汽车的声音，来到了一条主要道路上。A.chose选择；B.missed错过；C.followed跟随；D.reached到达。根据后文“amainroad”他们到达了主路上。故选D。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们离出发的那个村子已有11英里了，但至少还有路标。A.setoff出发；B.passed通过；C.calledat拜访；D.lived居住。根据上文“Wewereelevenmilesfromthevillagewherewehad”可知，他们出来后发现离出发的那个村子已有11英里了，故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我完全迷失的时候，我经常会想到这个策略——不管是字面上的还是隐喻上的。A.lost迷路的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.angry愤怒的；D.stuck,被困的。呼应上文“Oh,itseemsthatwe’relost.”指他们在森林里迷路的经历。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在崩溃的时候，当我的心因恐惧而快速跳动，我不知道我该如何继续生活时，我想到了它。A.term时期；B.race比赛；C.performance表现；D.breakdown崩溃。根据后文“howIcouldcarryonliving”可知不知继续生活，说明处在崩溃的时候，故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在崩溃的时候，当我的心因恐惧而快速跳动，我不知道我该如何继续生活时，我想到了它。A.excitement激动；B.surprise惊讶；C.fear恐惧；D.interest兴趣。根据后文“howIcouldcarryonliving”可知，崩溃的时候，心跳因恐惧而加快。故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在同一个方向上，一只脚走在另一只脚的前面，总比原地打转走得更远。A.way方法；B.cycle循环；C.direction方向；D.distance距离。结合上文作者和父亲是靠着走直线走出森林的，可知此处指保持同一个方向。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：重要的是继续前进的决心。A.ambition抱负；B.determination决心；C.inspiration灵感；D.cooperation合作。根据后文“tokeepwalkingforward”可知出走困境靠的是继续前进的决心。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ourancestorsdiditoutofnecessity,butwearereturningtotheirwaysoutofadesiretopreservetheplanet___36___futuregenerations.ClaireJacksoninvestigatesthereturnofourmake-do-and-mendanditturnsoutthat“fast”fashionhasbeenreplacedbya“slow”fashion___37___(move).Reportsthat300,000tonsof___38___(use)clothingendsupinUKlandfilleveryyearhaveledtoacomebackofmake-do-and-mend,encouragingincreasingnumbersofpeopletotakearenewedinterestinmaintenance,___39___(buy)second-handandtochoosequalityoverquantity.“Thereusedtobeafeelingofshameattachedtowearingsecond-handclothes”reflectsAnita,Taylor,ashopowner.“We’renowmeetingpeople___40___aresourcingtheirclothesfromagenciessuchasours,havingcommittedtonotbuyinganythingnewforayear.”Indaysgoneby,wearinga___41___(visible)mendedjacketwouldhavebeenconsideredanembarrassment,butnowitmaybeprizedfor___42___(it)beautyandpracticality.Despitethegrowinginterestinmending,basicsewingskills—particularlyamongyoungergenerations—___43___(be)surprisinglyscarce(不足的).Ifyoureallycan’tfixsomething,youcanalwaysrepurposeit.Bytheway,it’sall___44___matteroftaste.Nomatter____45____mymother-in-lawmaysay,Ihappentolikemysilverbraceletmadeoutofanoldforkverymuch.【答案】36.for37.movement38.used39.tobuy40.who##that41.visibly42.its43.are44.a45.what【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了“快”时尚已经被“慢”时尚运动所取代。在过去，穿着一件明显修补过的夹克会被认为是一件尴尬的事，但现在它可能因为它的美丽和实用而受到珍视。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：我们的祖先这样做是出于必要，但我们现在回到他们的方式，是出于为后代保护地球的愿望。空格后跟名词作宾语，表示“为了”应用介词for。故填for。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：克莱尔·杰克逊在调查了“修修补补”时尚的回归后发现，“快”时尚已经被“慢”时尚运动所取代。作介词by的宾语，表示“运动”应用movement，不定冠词提示用单数。故填movement。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：据报道，英国每年有30,万吨的旧衣服被扔进垃圾填埋场，这导致了“修修补补”的风潮卷土重来，鼓励越来越多的人重新对保养产生兴趣，购买二手衣服，并选择质量而非数量。修饰后文名词clothing应用形容词used，表示“旧的”，作定语。故填used。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，英国每年有30万吨的旧衣服被扔进垃圾填埋场，这导致了“修修补补”的风潮卷土重来，鼓励越来越多的人重新对保养产生兴趣，购买二手衣服，并选择质量而非数量。此处为短语encouragesb.todosth.，不定式与totake，tochoose并列作宾补。故填tobuy。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：“我们现在遇到一些人，他们从我们这样的机构采购衣服，他们已经承诺一年内不买任何新衣服。”此处为定语从句修饰先行词people，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：在过去，穿着一件明显修补过的夹克会被认为是一件尴尬的事，但现在它可能因为它的美丽和实用而受到珍视。修饰后文形容词mended应用副词visibly。故填visibly。【42题详解】考查代词。句意：在过去，穿着一件明显修补过的夹克会被认为是一件尴尬的事，但现在它可能因为它的美丽和实用而受到珍视。修饰后文beautyandpracticality应用形容词性物主代词its作定语。故填its。【43题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：尽管人们对缝补的兴趣越来越大，但基本的缝纫技能——尤其是在年轻一代中——却出奇地稀缺。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为basicsewingskills，be用复数。故填are。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：顺便说一下，这完全是品味的问题。结合句意，表示“……问题”短语为amatterof。故填a。【45题详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论我岳母说什么，我碰巧很喜欢我用一把旧叉子做的银手镯。say后缺少宾语，意思为“什么”。引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用Nomatterwhat。故填what。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）,第一节（满分15分）46.假设你是李华，你校即将举办以“福文化”为主题的中外学生交流活动，正在招募志愿者，请你根据以下内容，写一封申请信。1.写信目的；2.自我介绍；3.希望获准。注意：1.词数80左右；2.信件开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数；3.不得出现真实姓名和学校名字；4.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearSir,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,LiHua【答案】DearSirI’mwritingtoapplytobeavolunteerfortheactivitycalled“ChinaFuCulture”inourschool.IthinkIamqualifiedforthisjob.Firstofall,IamfluentinbothChineseandEnglish,whichisbeneficialforintroducingChineseFuculture.Inaddition,sinceIenteredseniorhighschoolIhavetakenpartinmanyvoluntaryactivitiesinwhichIperformedwellandgainedrichexperience.Furthermore,Iamgoodatpapercutting,ifIamluckyenoughtobechosenasavolunteer,Icanteachthemhowtomakepaper-cut.Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldoffermetheopportunity.I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,,LiHua【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章要求考生李华写信申请成为“福文化”为主题的中外学生交流活动的志愿者。【详解】1.词汇积累此外：inaddition→what’smore参加：takepartin→joinin擅长于：begoodat→dowellin机会：opportunity→chance2.句式拓展简单句变复合句简单句:I’mwritingtoapplytobeavolunteerfortheactivitycalled“ChinaFuCulture”inourschool.复合句:I’mwritingtoapplytobeavolunteerfortheactivitywhichiscalled“ChinaFuCulture”inourschool.【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstofall,IamfluentinbothChineseandEnglish,whichisbeneficialforintroducingChineseFuculture.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）【高分句型2】Furthermore,Iamgoodatpapercutting,ifIamluckyenoughtobechosenasavolunteer,Icanteachthemhowtomakepaper-cut.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasmytwelfthbirthday,andwhatIreallywantedmostwasanewbicycle.ButIknewthatmyfamilycouldn’taffordone,soIsettledforabedsidetablewithlockabledrawers,asafeplacetokeepmyprivatestuff.Wewenttothecharityshopwherewefoundanolddarkone.Itdidn’tlooktoocool,butIthoughtthatIwouldpaintittomakeitlookbetter.Afterwetookithome,Iwasgettingreadytopaintit.WhenIpulledthedrawersout.Ifeltsomethingstucktotheback.Ireachedinalltheway,andguesswhat?Asealedbagwithsomepapersinit.WhenIopenedthebag,Irealizedthatthepaperswereofficialdocuments.And,wrappedinthem,wereabunchoftenandtwentydollarbills!Talkaboutfindingatreasure!Andonmybirthday!“Isthissomekindofjoke?”Isaidaloud.Iwentaheadandreadthepapers,anditturnedouttobeawill.Someoldladywasleavinghersavingsforhersonandgrandchildren.Mymindwasgoingcrazy.WasItheluckiesttwelve-year-oldever?WiththismoneyIcouldbuythecoolestbicycle.Whoknows?Ibegancounting.WhenIreachedathousanddollars,mymotherwasknockingonmybedroomdoor.Iquicklyclosedthedrawerwiththemoneyinit.“Doyouwantsomehelp?Iseverythingallright?”sheasked.No,everythingwasnotright.Actually,mystomachwasgrowling(低吼).“I’mokay,”Ilied.Whenmymotherleftmyroom,Ilayonmybed,startingthinking.Whatadilemma(窘境)!IwishedthereweresomeoneIcouldtalkwith.CouldIkeepitandgetallkindsofstuffformeandmyfamily?Itwouldn’tbetoobadformetokeepit,ifIsharedit...right?Thoughtsranthroughmymind.ButIreallydidn’tneedsomeoneelsetogivemetheanswer.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Ifinallymadeadecisionandcalledmyparentsintomybedroom.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thoughsurprised,theshopownerhelpedfindthefamily’stelephonenumber.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Ifinallymadeadecisionandcalledmyparentsintomybedroom.WhenmyparentssawwhatIhadfoundinthedrawertheywerewide-eyedandspeechless!Then,theyreadthepaperscarefullyandweremovedtotears.Whentheyasked,“Whatshouldwedo?”Isaid,“Let’stakeitbacktothestoreandfindherfamily.”Myfathernoddedwithasmileonhisfaceandmymotherhuggedmewarmly,saying“Youaremypride,dear.”IfeltveryhappybecauseIalreadyknewrightfromwrong.,Wecollectedallthemoneyandpapersatonce,puttingtheminthedrawer.Werushedtothecharityshopwiththedrawerinthehopetofindtheownerassoonaspossible.Thoughsurprised,theshopownerhelpedfindthefamily’stelephonenumber.Withinafewminutes,thefamilyallcameover.WhenIshowedthemwhatIhadfoundinthedrawer,theycouldn’tbelievetheireyes.Theparentshadtearsintheireyes.Theywerestillsadaboutthelady’sdeathandthefatherhadjustlosthisjob.Itwaseasytoseethatmyactofhonestygavethemhope.Theyshowedmesinceregratitudefromthebottomoftheirhearts.Infact,Ihadneverfeltbetterbefore.NonewbicyclecouldhavemademefeltasgoodaboutmyselfasIfeltthatdaybecauseIpassedaveryimportanttest—alostandfoundtestofmyowncharacter.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在12岁生日时，父母给他买了一个二手的床头柜作为生日礼物，作者发现在床头柜里有以前主人的遗书和很多现金，经过一番思想斗争之后，作者和家人一起把钱还给了去世老人的家人们。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我终于做了决定，把父母叫到我的卧室。”可知，第一段可描写作者与父母分享这件事后，他们做出归还东西的经过。②由第二段首句内容“店主虽然很惊讶，但还是帮他找到了这家人的电话号码。”可知，第二段可描写作者与那一家人见面的经过以及个人的深切感受。2.续写线索：做出决定——父母的表扬——寻找失主——失主的感激——个人感悟3.词汇激活行为类①着急去：rushto/hurryto②归还：takesth.back/returnsth.③拥抱：embrace/holdinone'sarms情绪类①感动落泪：bemovedtotears/betouchedtotears②感谢：showsinceregratitude//begrateful【点睛】[高分句型1]WhenmyparentssawwhatIhadfoundinthedrawertheywerewide-eyedandspeechless!（由when引导的时间状语从句和what引导的宾语从句）[高分句型2]Wecollectedallthemoneyandpapersatonce,puttingtheminthedrawer.,（使用现在分词作伴随状语）[高分句型3]Itwaseasytoseethatmyactofhonestygavethemhope.（由that引导的主语从句）