湖北省襄阳市2021-2022高二英语上学期元月期末调研试卷（Word版带解析）

机密★启用前襄阳市2022年元月高二年级调研考试英语试卷本试卷全卷满分150分。考试时间120分钟。★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatcanweinferfromthewoman?A.Thethemeparkisnearby.B.Shedoesn'tknowaboutthethemepark.C.There'ssomethingwrongwithherears.2.Whattimewillthemangotothelectureprobably?A.At5：00onWednesday.B.At6：00onThursday.C.At8：00onFriday.3.Howmuchwillthemanpayifbuyinganewone?A.$25.B.$50,C.$90.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhervisit?A.Boring.B.Wonderful.C.Adventurous.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Ajob.B.Aninterview.C.Thesalary.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheguides?A.Considerate.B.Responsible.C,Unfriendly.7.Whatisthepurposeofthisman'stelephoneinterview?,A.Todomarketresearch.B.Torecommendedtouristroutes.C.Toreplytotouristcomplaints.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhyisAlicesoanxious?A.Herpoorhealth.B.Thesurgerysheneeds.C.Herfather’shealthproblem.9.Whatisthedoctor'sadvice?A.Topayattentiontoadjustingdiet.B.Togiveupdrinking.C.Tocontrolbloodpressure.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthewomandowithheroldclothes?A.Shedonatesthem.B.Sheputsthemintherecycling.C.Shemakesthemintosomethingelse.11.Whatcanwelearnabouttheman?A.Hereallylikesnewclothes.B.Heusuallydonatesclothestotheneedy.C.Hehasnointerestintablesandbeds.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthrowingawaylargethings?A.Reasonable.B.Wasteful.C.Necessary.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhichcountrywasTaylor'slatestbooksetin?A.Egypt.B.Morocco.C.SouthAfrica.14.WhatwasthemostterriblethingthateverhappenedtoTaylor?A.Hiscarbrokedowninthedesert.B.Hegotlostinthedesert.C.Hedidn'tbringwaterinthedesert.15.WhatdoesTaylordoinhissparetime?A.Hewritesnovels.B.Herelaxesathome.C.Hetakespartinvarioussocialactivities.16.Whatdoesheintendtodointhefuture?A.Keepcreatingnovels.B.Devotehimselftoahistorybook.C.Makeatourroundtheworld.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WhatweretheresearcherstryingtolearnaboutintheFlowerGardens?A.Thefishandothercreatures.B.Thedepthoftheocean.,C.Theuseofanunderwaterequipment.18.Whatdidthemanenjoymostintheproject?A.Collectinginformation.B.Divingintothewater.C.Workingwithascientist.19.Whydidtheauthorfeelafraidwhenfirstdivingintothesea?A.Becausethereweretoomanycolorfulfish.B.Becausehelefttheteam.C.Becausehewasfarfromland.20.Whatdoesthewriterwanttobeinthefuture?A.Ascientist.B.Acomputeroperator.C.Aprofessionalresearcher.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AChamonix,France1924TheGameswerefirstknownasthe“InternationalWinterSportsWeek”.Itwasn'tuntil1925thattheywereofficiallynamedtheOlympicWinterGames.TwodaysbeforetheClosingCeremony,theInternationalOlympicCommittee（CJOC）wasapprovedastheofficialorganizingcommittee.St.Moritz,Swiss1928&1948UnseasonablewarmweathercreateddisorderwiththeeventsattheSwissAlpineresort,whileNorwaycontinuedtolead.SonjaHenie,just15,combinedgracewithathleticabilitytowinthefirstofthreeOlympicgoldmedalsinwomen'sfigureskating.Japansentitsfirstdelegation（代表团）---sixskiersandoneofficial.TheSwissresort（度假胜地）hostedforthesecondtime,the5thWinterGames,favoredasaneutralvenuefollowingWorldWarⅡ.GermanyandJapanwerenotallowedtoparticipate,whilesingle-personsled（雪橇）racingwasheldforthefirsttimesincethepreviousSt.MoritzGames.Grenoble,France1968The“snowyGames”attractedonlyabout70,000spectatorsonthegroundbecause500millionviewerschosetowatchthemontelevision.Womenwereforcedtotakegender（性别）testsforthefirsttimeintheOlympics.Sapporo,Japan1972AtthefirstWinterOlympicsheldinAsia,anargumentoveramateurstatuscametotheboilwhentheIOCbannedAustrianskistarKarlSchranzfromtheGamesbecausehehadbeenpaidforappearinginaskimaker'sadvertisement.AmericanfigureskaterJanetLynnsettledforwomen'sbronzebutwontheheartsofthelocalaudiencewhilehotelmanagerFranciscoFernandezOchoastagedasurprisevictoryinthemen'sslalom（回转赛）forSpain'sfirstgoldmedallistinthe11thWinterOlympics.21.WhichdelegationdidthebestinthefirsttwoWinterOlympics?A.France.B.Norway.C.Spain.D.Switzerland.22.Whyweretheresofewaudienceatthe1968WinterOlympics?A.Duetotheinfluenceofwar.B.Forunseasonablewarmweather.C.Becauseofthepopularityoftelevision.,D.Becausewomenwerenotallowedtocompete.23.WhenwasthefirstWinterOlympicsheldinAsia?A.In1924.B.In1928.C.In1968.D.In1972.BBeforearrivinginChina,IhadreadvariousbooksrelatingtoChina,famousChinesenovelsaswellasnon-fictionandtheseedsofmyfascinationweresown.Therefore,whenIarrivedIcouldn'thavebeenmoreexcitedtobelivinginthishugehistoricallyandculturallyrichcountry.Thefood,thelandmarks,thefantasticcitiesandeverydaylife—Iwasburningtoexplore.Yetdespitemyenthusiasm,learningChinesehadn'tevenenteredmymind.Thiswasn'tignoranceorlaziness，butratherfrightatthethoughtofattemptingtolearnwhatisregardedasthemostdifficultlanguageintheworld.Inmymind,theChineselanguagewastheprivilegeofthehighlyintelligent.However,afterayearinChinaIbegantofeeluncomfortablewithhowmanyChinesepeoplecouldspeakEnglishandyetIcouldn'tevenspeakthemostbasicChinese.WiththesefactorsinmindandathirstforanewchallengeIdeterminedtobeginmylanguagejourney.InthetwoyearssincestartingtolearnIhavemademeasurableprogress.Ifounditlessdifficultthanthought.WhenspeakingtonativeChinesespeakersinChinesetheyalmostalwaysunderstandme,IhavealsonotfoundittoodifficulttoremembercharactersandIamnowevenabletowriteover400characters.Ifindstudyingthelanguagerelaxingandrewarding.Inspiteofmyprogress,ithasstillbeenthechallengethathastakenalotofhardworkandcommitment.ThethingIfindmostdiscouragingislisteningsincenativespeakerstalkatsuchaspeed,Ican'talwaysunderstandwhat'sbeensaid,butmyweeklyonlinelanguageexchangeshelpwiththis.Furthermore,thereisalongwaytogobeforeIreachmygoaloffluency.Thekeytoprogressistobepatientandpersistent.MybiggestharvestfromlearningChineseisthatit'snotonlyreachablebutcanalsobeenjoyable.LearningChinesenotonlyhelpedmeinday-to-daylife,butdeepenedmyculturalunderstandingofsuchadiverseandinterestingcountry.NowmyonlyregretisthatIdidn'tstartearlier.24.Whichcanbestdescribetheauthor'soriginalimpressionaboutlearningChinese?A.Boring.B.Demanding.C.Pleasant.D.Discouraging.25.WhathastheauthorfoundwhilelearningChinese?A.SpeakingChineseisthemostdifficult.B.ManyChinesespeakfluentEnglish.C.Itisn'tastoughasheonceassumed.D.Itisbeyondhispowertolearncharacters.26.Whatdoesparagraph5mainlytellus?A.ImportanceoflearningChinese.B.Barriersoflearninganewlanguage.C.Significantprogresstheauthorhasmade.D.CertaindifficultiestheauthormetinlearningChinese.27.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Anewopinioninlearning.B.Theauthor'sjourneyoflearningChinese.,C.ExploringthejoyoflearningChinese.D.Thevalueoflearninganewlanguage.CYoungpeoplespendinghoursstaringatscreensmeanshalftheworldmayneedglasseswithin30years.Phonedevicesandcomputerscreensaretoblamefortherisingriskofshort-sightednessamongchildrenandyoungadults,sayscientists.Researchershavefoundhighlevelsoflookingataphoneortabletislinkedwitharounda30percenthigherriskofshortsightedness,alsoknownasmyopia（近视）.Butwhenitiscombinedwithexcessivecomputeruse,thatriskrosetoaround80percent.Researchersfearthatthiscouldmeanthatby2050,halftheworldorfivebillionpeoplecouldbeshort-sighted.Theauthorsexaminedmorethan3,000studiesinvestigatingsmartdeviceexposureandmyopiainchildrenandyoungadultsagedbetweenthreemonthsoldand33yearsold.In2019,theWHOrecommendedchildrenundertwoshouldnothaveanyscreentimeandchildrenagedtwotofiveshouldhavenomorethanonehouradayofsedentaryscreentime.Butinthesameyear,aCensusWidesurveyof2,000Britishfamiliesfoundchildrenwerespendinganaverageof23hoursaweekstaringatscreens.NumerousstudieshavealsosuggestedthatnumberhasvastlyincreasedduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.ProfessorBourneatAngliaRuskinUniversitysaid,“Aroundhalftheglobalpopulationisexpectedtohavemyopiaby2050.soitisahealthconcernthatisescalatingquickly.”“Ourstudyisthemostcomprehensiveyetonthisissueandshowsapotentiallinkbetweenscreentimeandmyopiainyoungpeople.Thisresearchcomesatatimewhenourchildrenhavebeenspendingmoretimethaneverlookingatscreensforlongperiods,duetoschoolclosures,anditisclearthaturgentresearchisneededtofurtherunderstandhowexposuretodigitaldevicescanaffectoureyesandvision，”addedhe.28.Whatarethereasonsformyopiainhalfofthepopulationinthefuture?A.Duetoschoolclosures.B.Overburdenedwithschoolwork.C.Lackofexerciseandself-control.D.Thepopularizationofelectronicequipment.29.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedwords“escalating”inparagraph5?A.Worsening.B.Spreading.C.Changing.D.Researching.30.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Tostressthefutureprospectsofthisstudy.B.Torevealthecontentsandmethodsofthestudy.C.Tohighlightthepracticalsignificanceofthisstudy.D.Toexplaintherelationshipbetweenscreentimeandvision.31.Inwhichsectionofanewspapercanwereadthetext?A.Health.B.Bookreview.C.Travel.D.Sports.DTechnologyislikelytoplayabigpartinreachingitsclimategoalsinthefuture.Fusionistheprocessthatfiresthesun.Butsomeexpertssayitcouldsomedaypowerourhomes.Fusionhappenswhenthenuclei（核）oftwoatomsaresubjectedtoextremeheat.Thisleadstotheformationofanewlargeratomandlargeamountsofenergy.Oneproblemistheprocessitselfrequiresalargeamountofenergy.,Developersofthetechnologyhaven'tyetperformedafusionreactionthatreleasesmoreenergythanitrequires.Inaddition,runninganelectricpowerplantoffusionwouldrequiretheresultingheattobecontainedinaneconomicalway.Advancednuclearplantswouldbesmallerthantoday'smassivenuclearreactors.Expertssaytheycouldbeusedinruralareasandcouldtakeoverforwindandsolarpowerwhenthesungoesdownorthewinddies.Butadvancednuclearreactorsaredifficultandcostlytobuild.Criticssaytheywouldalsocreatemorewaste.Andtheywouldrunonuranium（铀）,whichcouldmakesomeadvancedreactorsmoreappealingtomilitants（激进分子）seekingmaterialstomakeweapons.Currently,thereare15directaircaptureplantsoperatingworldwide,gettingCOdirectlyfromtheairandputsthegasunderground.Thecostsarecurrentlyhigh.Butsupporterssaythosecostswillfallasthetechnologyimproves.Theyalsosaytaxbreaksforbusinessescouldhelpthetechnology.Butcriticssayofferinglargecreditscouldactuallyleadtomoreplantscontinuingtoburnfossilfuels.Hydrogen（氢）canbemixedwithnaturalgastomakeacleaner-burningfuel.Thiscouldpowerafuelcellvehicle.Suchavehiclewouldreleaseenvironmentallyfriendlywatervapors.So-calledcleanhydrogencanbeproducedusingenergymethodssuchaswindandsolar.Butthosemethodsaremorecostlythan“greyhydrogen”,whichismadewithfossilfuels.Geothermalpowerplantscaptureheatupto370degreesCelsiusfarbelowtheearth'ssurface.Theheatcreatessteamthatcanturnturbines（涡轮机）toproduceelectricity.Butthetechnologywouldneedtogreatlyexpandtobecomeamajoralternativetofossilfuels.32.Howdoestheauthordevelopthepassage?A.Byanalyzingthecost.B.Byintroducingthevalues.C.Byweighingthepositiveandnegative.D.Byfollowingtheorderofgreatimportance.33.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.CarbonCaptureisinthetheoreticalstage.B.Nuclearfusionhasbeenwidelyusedinfamilies.C.Greyhydrogenbelongstoenvironmentalprotectionenergy.D.Theadvancednuclearplantshavehiddendangersofmakingweapons.34.Whattechnologyissuitableforcountrieshavingtheheatintheinterior（内部）oftheearth?A.Geothermalpower.B.CarbonCapture.C.AdvancedNuclear.D.FusionandHydrogen.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NewIssuesFacingClimateGoalsB.DevelopNewEnergyAccordingtoLocalConditionsC.WhatAretheFutureDevelopmentGoalsofCleanEnergy?D.WhichTechnologiesCouldHelptheWorldReachItsClimateGoals?第一节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Animmigrantisapersonwhohascometolivepermanentlyinacountrythatisnottheirown.Morethan145millionimmigrantsliveoutsidetheirnativecountries.,36Somepeoplemovebecauseofwar,politicaloreconomicproblems,ornaturaldisasterssuchasearthquakesandfloods.Someimmigrantsmovetobewithfamilymembers，tomarry.ortofindbetterlivingconditions.Whereareimmigrantsmovingfrom?37OneofthelargestimmigrationflowsisfromLatinAmericaandAsiatotheUnitedStates.AnotherimmigrantflowisfromEasternEurope,theformerSovietrepublicsandNorthAfricatowestEurope.38IncountriessuchasSaudiArabia,90%ofthetotalpopulationisnowforeignborn.Whenimmigrantsarriveinanewcountry,theyoftenliveinurbanneighborhoods.Asaresultofimmigration,manycityneighborhoodschange.39Forexample,thehistoricEsquilinoneighborhoodinRomeisnowthehomeofalargenumberofChineseimmigrants.TherearealsomanynewimmigrantsfromAlbanian,Moldova,Bulgaria,andUkraine.InsomeschoolsinAthens,50%ofthechildrenareforeignborn.40InLosAngeles,37%ofthepopulationisforeignborn,andchildreninthepublicschoolsspeak82differentlanguages.InNewYork,40%ofthepopulationisforeign,andchildrenspeak140differentlanguagesintheschools.A.Andwhatcountriesaretheymovingto?B.Immigrantsmovetoothercountriesfordifferentreasons.C.ImmigrantshavecontributedtoBritishcultureinmanyways.D.Immigrantsopennewstores,restaurants,andotherbusinesses.E.ManyimmigrantsalsomovefromAfricaandAsiatotheMiddleEast.F.Moreover,LosAngeleshasatrackrecordofsuccessfullyacceptingimmigrants.G.LosAngelesandNewYorkaretwocitiesintheUSwithverylargeimmigrantpopulations.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。RadenisalibrarianinIndonesia'sJavaisland.Sheis41bookstochildreninexchangefortrashtheycollectina（n）42waytocleanuptheenvironmentandgetthekidstoreadmore.Eachweekdaysheridesherthree-wheelerwithbooksforchildreninMuntangvillagetoexchangeforplasticcups,bagsandother43thatshecarriesback.Sheishelpinginculcate（灌输）44inthekidsandmakethem45oftheenvironment.Assoonasshe46,littlechildren,many47bytheirmothers,surroundher“TrashLibrary',demandingbooks48.TheyareallcarryingtrashbagsandRaden'sthree-wheelerquicklyfillsupwiththemasthebooks49out.She's50thekidsaregoingtospendlesstimeononlinegamesasaresult.She51about100kgofwasteeachweek,whichisthensortedoutbyhercolleaguesandsentfor52orsold.Shehas6,000bookstolendandwantstotakethemobile53toneighboringareastoo.KevinAlamsyah,an11-year-oldreader,54forwastelyinginthevillage."Whenthereistoomuchtrash,ourenvironmentwillbecomedirtyandit'snothealthy.That'swhyIlookfortrashtoborrowabook,”hesays.Theliteracy（读写能力）rateforabove-15-year-oldsinIndonesiaisaround96percent,butthepandemicwill55morethan80%of15-year-oldsbelowtheminimumreadingproficiency（熟练）level.41.A.publishingB.promotingC.lendingD.recommending42.A.freshB.flexibleC.oldD.generous43.A.giftsB.stuffC.wasteD.issues,44.A.knowledgeB.readingC.businessD.writing45.A.capableB.hopefulC.awareD.careful46.A.showsupB.takesupC.showsoffD.bringsout47.A.cheatedB.accompaniedC.forcedD.organized48.A.quietlyB.hardlyC.slowlyD.loudly49.A.runB.breakC.giveD.fly50.A.generousB.doubtfulC.gratefulD.overjoyed51.A.collectsB.pickedC.purchasedD.ordered52.A.showing.B.recyclingC.returningD.reserving53.A.wheelerB.spaceC.serviceD.system54.A.searchesB.preparesC.providesD.wishes55.A.desireB.leaveC.designD.cure第二节(共17小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Twoscientists,Germany'sBenjaminListandScotland-bornDavidMacMillan,havewonthe2021NobelPrizeinChemistryfor56(develop)amolecule-building(分子建构)toolthatcanproducemanyimportantcompoundsina“greener"way.Theprocessofmakingmolecules57(require)thelinkingofindividualatomstogetherinspecificpositions.Thiscanbeveryslowanddifficult.Formanyyears,chemistsonlyusedeithercomplexenzymes(酶)58metalcatalysts(催化剂).Thatallchangedin2000,whenListandMacMillan59(independence)reportedthatsmallorganicmoleculescanbeusedtodothesamejob.Theprocesshasmadetheproductionofsomedrugsmuch60(easy).Itnotedthatan61(estimate)35percentoftheworld'stotalGDP,insomewayinvolveschemicalcatalysis.Speakingafterthe62(announce),Listsaidtheawardcameasa“hugesurprise”.HesaidatthebeginninghedidnotknowthatMacMillanwasworkingonthesamesubject,andhethoughthiseffortmightturnouttobe,whathecalled,63“stupididea”.MacMillansaidthestartofhiscatalysisworkwasaprettysimpleidea64reallysparkedalotofdifferentresearch.Headded,“Thepartwe'rejustsoproudofisthatyoudon'thavetohavehugeamountsofequipmentandmoney65(do)finethingsinchemistry.第四部分写作(共两节，满分4。分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，向你校美国友好学校麦克曼高中校报投稿，介绍你当地的有特色的文化场所。内容包括：1.简介.2.组织系动情况；3.你的参与。注意:"1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。,......第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thereisnoschoolequaltoadecent（体面的）homeandnoteacherequaltoavirtuousparent.Therearetwotypicalexamples：Edison'smotherandourmother.Asyouallknow?ThomasEdisonisoneofthemostoutstandingscientistsandinventorsintheworld.Unbelievably,youngTomwasinschoolforonlythreemonths.Itissaidthathelikedtoaskstrangequestions,manyofwhichhavenothingtodowithlearning.Histeacherdidn'tunderstandwhyhehadsomanystrangequestions.Hedidn'twanttoteachTomanymore.HeaskedTom'smothertotaketheboyhome.Tom'smothertaughthimtoreadandwrite,andshefoundhimtobeaverygoodpupil.Helearnedveryfastandbecameveryinterestedinscience.ItwasshewhoplayedanimportantroleinEdison'sgrowth.Althoughwecan'tcomparewithEdison,ourmotherplayedamoreimportantroleinourgrowththanhismother.OurdadwasanEnglishteacherwhotaughthighschoolstudents.Formanyyears,hehadbeencautiousandconscientious（认真的）towardswork.Momstayedhomeandhomeschooledtheirfourchildren.ThreeofushadnotroubleinlearningbutmysisterCatherinestillcouldnotreadbyfifthgrade,andworsestill,didnotevenknowthealphabet（字母表）.MymotherdidsomeresearchandfoundthatCatherinehadsomesortoflearningdisability.ShesentCatherinetoapublicschooltogetsomehelp.Catherinemademanyfriendsatschoolandamazedeveryonewithhergiftfortellingcreativestoriesinclass,butshestillcouldn'tmasterreadingskills.Afterallthetestingwasdone,theschoolhadmyparentscomein.Theyweretoldthatbasedonthetestresults,theyshouldjusttakeCatherinehome,whichwasverysimilartoEdison'sexperience.However,thebiggestdifferenceisthatEdisonwasnotstupid,andmysisterreallyhadlearningdisabilities.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；,2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。.......,,,,,,