湖北省咸宁市2021-2022学年高一英语下学期期末考试试卷（Word版带解析）

湖北省咸宁市2021~2022学年度下学期期末考试高一英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoesthewomancomefrom?A.Spain.B.TheUnitedStates.C.Mexico.2.Whatisthecorrectordernumberforthepurpleteapot?A.TP12SF.B.TP12FS.C.PT12FS.3.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Buycoldmedicine.B.Openadrugstore.C.Comehomeearlier.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inazoo.B.Inamuseum.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A.TeachherFrench.B.Takethecoursewithher.C.TellthestoriesinEnglish.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）\n听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisweekend?ASatisfying.B.Tiring.C.Boring.7.WhatistheItaliancitylike?A.Modernwithtallbuildings.B.Ancientwithalonghistory.C.Crowdedwithheavytraffic.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhodidNancyhavedinnerwith?A.Ablindman.B.Anoldman.C.Anofficer.9.HowdidNancyfeelwhenallthelightswentout?A.Nervous.B.Annoyed.C.Surprised.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.What’sBrettjustdoing?ABuyingane-bookreader.B.Readingane-book.C.Downloadinge-books.11.Whatadvantageofthee-bookreaderdoesBrettmention?A.Thelargestoragespace.B.Thelowcostinthelongterm.C.Thedecreaseintheuseofpaper.12.WhydoesFionarefusetobuyane-bookreader?A.Shedoesn’treadmuch.B.Shelikesprintedbooksbetter.C.Shehasenoughbookstoread.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13What’stheman’sdream?A.Tobeanartist.B.Tobeateacher.C.Tobeascientist.14.WhatdoweknowaboutCopernicus’theory?A.Itprovedthattheearthwasstill.B.ItwasinfluencedbyNewtonandEinstein.C.Itisthebasisofideasabouttheuniversetoday.15.WhatwasthoughttobethecenteroftheuniverseatthetimeofCopernicus?\nA.Theearth.B.Thesun.C.God.6.WhydidCopernicuspublishhistheorywhenhewasdying?A.Hewasn’tsureofhistheoryuntilthen.B.Hewasafraidofbeingpunished.c.Hisfriendstoldhimnottopublishit.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdifferencedoesthespeakertalkaboutfirst?A.Weather.B.Trafficrules.C.Thefood.18.WhatdoesthespeakerthinkoftheweatherinLondon?A.Changeable.B.Great.C.Uncomfortable.19.Whendoesthespeakerfinishworknow?A.At5p.m.B.At8:30p.m.C.At9p.m.20.WheredidthespeakerusetogoonFridayeveninginAmerica?A.Totheclub.B.Tothegym.C.Totherestaurant.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAfternoonteatraditionsdatebackto1840Britain.Themealtendstocombinesweetandtastydishesalongsidesomedelicioustea.Herearesomehotelsofferingthemostwonderfulafternoonteas.ThePlaza,NewYorkCityThePlazahasbeenknownforyearsforitsafternoonteaofferings.YoucanorderteaslikeEnglishbreakfast,Chinesegreentea,andoolongtea.Youcanselectavarietyofpastries(糕点)andsandwichesthatwillallbeservedonelegantchina.TajMahalPalaceHotel,Mumbai,IndiaThishotelispopularwithaparticulargroupofpeopleforitsafternoontea.YoucanseeshipsontheharborontheArabianseaandlocalIndiandishesareservedalongwithtraditionalEnglishteatimefavorites.FairmontEmpressHotel,Victoria,CanadaFairmontEmpressHotelservesupto21differentteas.Afternoonteaisservedinthehotelthat\nincludeslivemusicplayedonthebabygrandpiano.Theirteatimetraditionhasexistedsince1908andservesabout80,000guestsperyear.VictoriaFallsHotel,ZimbabweVictoriaFallsHotelinZimbabwe,servedonalovelyoutdoorterrace(露天平台),isamemberoftheleadinghotelsoftheworld.IthasamazingviewsofVictoriaFallsBridge.Itwasbuiltin1904bytheBritishandfeaturesbeautifullawnsandgardensrightbytheZambeziRiver.Afternoonteaisservedfrom3pmuntil6pm.1.InwhichhotelcanyouenjoyChinesetea?A.ThePlaza.B.TajMahalPalaceHotel.C.FairmontEmpressHotel.D.VictoriaFallsHotel.2.WhatcanpeopledoinFairmontEmpressHotel?A.Trylocaltraditionaldishes.B.Tastevariousdeliciouscakes.C.Selectavarietyofpastries.D.Enjoydifferentteasandlivemusic.3.WhatisspecialaboutVictoriaFallsHotel?A.Ithasvarietiesofteas.B.Ithasconvenienttransportation.C.Ithasbeautifulscenery.D.Itisthebirthplaceofafternoontea.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了一些提供最美味的下午茶的酒店。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据ThePlaza,NewYorkCity部分的“YoucanorderteaslikeEnglishbreakfast,Chinesegreentea,andoolongtea.(您可以点英式早餐、中国绿茶、乌龙茶等茶。)”可知，在ThePlaza可以喝到中国茶，故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据FairmontEmpressHotel,Victoria,Canada部分的“FairmontEmpressHotelservesupto21differentteas.Afternoonteaisservedinthehotelthatincludeslivemusicplayedonthebabygrandpiano.(FairmontEmpress酒店提供多达21种不同的茶。酒店提供下午茶，包括在小型钢琴上演奏现场音乐。)”可知，人们在FairmontEmpress酒店可以享受不同的茶和现场音乐。故选D。【3题详解】\n细节理解题。根据VictoriaFallsHotel,Zimbabwe部分的“IthasamazingviewsofVictoriaFallsBridge.(在这里可以看到维多利亚瀑布大桥的迷人景色。)”可知，FairmontEmpress酒店的特别之处在于它有美丽的风景。故选C。BWhenwethinkof10-year-oldgirls,thefirstthingsthatcometomindmaybeballet,kitchenscienceexperimentsandcrazyphotofaces.There’saspecialbondbetweenyounggirlsandtheirmomsbeforelifefillsupwithmoredemandingschoolwork,careerchoicesandthestressofbeingagrown-up.ForJoycePhillips,takingonadultemotionscamesoonerthanexpected.HermotherwasdiagnosedwithbreastcancerwhenJoycewas10yearsold.ThethoughtoflosinghermotheratsuchayoungagemusthavebeentroublingJoyce.Butinsteadofwaitingouttheprocessonthesidelines,Joycedecidedtojointhefightagainstcancersothatotherkidswouldn’thavetoexperiencethepainshewasgoingthrough.Joycelovestosew.Shewantedtomakesomethingtosellandalsoadvertiseherneedforhelp.Whiletryingtopiecetogetherasolution,shehitupontheubiquitouscoffeecup.Peopleeverywhereseemtobeonthegointhemorningwiththeircupoftake-outcoffee.SoJoycedesignedacoffeecupsleeveandcreatedhernonprofitCozysfortheCure.Itwasahit.Today,Joycehasraisedover$120,000tohelpfundbreastcancerresearch.Itallstartedwithadesiretohelp.Sheletsusknoweachofushastheabilitytomakeadifference,nomatterhowoldorhowyoung.Joyce’smotherwonherfightwithcancer,butunfortunately,manymorewomenandmotherswillbeaffected.WithkidslikeJoyceintheircorner,perhapsthenextbesttreatmentwillcomealittlesooner,saveafewmorelives,andmeansmothersanddaughterswillhavealittlemoretimetohavefuntogether.4.Howdoestheauthorfindthechildhoodofnormalgirls?A.Carefree.B.Stressful.C.Demanding.D.Challenging.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ubiquitous”inparagraph3mean?A.Rare.B.Visibleeverywhere.C.Special.D.Meaningful.6.WhatisthemoneyraisedbyJoyceusedfor?\nA.Hermother’sbreastcancer.B.Morewomenandmothers.C.Doctorswhosufferwithcancer.D.Theresearchofbreastcancer.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TurningWasteintoWealthB.TrueLoveIsUnconquerableC.TurningToughNewsintoHopeD.TimeandTideWaitforNoMan【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了JoycePhillips10岁时，母亲被诊断出患有乳腺癌。但Joyce并没有在一旁等待这个过程，而是决定加入与癌症的斗争，这样其他孩子就不必经历她正在经历的痛苦。她成立了一个慈善组织，筹集了超过12万美元，用于资助乳腺癌研究。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Whenwethinkof10-year-oldgirls,thefirstthingsthatcometomindmaybeballet,kitchenscienceexperimentsandcrazyphotofaces.(当我们想到10岁的女孩时，首先想到的可能是芭蕾舞、厨房科学实验和疯狂的照片脸)”可推知，作者认为正常女孩的童年是无忧无虑。故选A。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“Peopleeverywhereseemtobeonthegointhemorningwiththeircupoftake-outcoffee.(每个地方的人早上似乎都带着一杯外卖咖啡忙个不停)”可知，咖啡杯普遍存在。故画线词意思是“普遍存在”。故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Today,Joycehasraisedover$120,000tohelpfundbreastcancerresearch.(如今，乔伊斯已经筹集了超过12万美元，用于资助乳腺癌研究)”可知，乔伊斯筹集的钱用于乳腺癌的研究。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章主要讲述了JoycePhillips10岁时，母亲被诊断出患有乳腺癌。但Joyce并没有在一旁等待这个过程，而是决定加入与癌症的斗争，这样其他孩子就不必经历她正在经历的痛苦。她成立了一个慈善组织，筹集了超过12万美元，用于资助乳腺癌研究。可知，B选项“真爱是不可征服的”最符合文章标题。故选B。CWhenisthecorrecttimetousethearticle(冠词)“a”and“an”?Weknow“abike”and“an\napple”.Butisit“aURL”or“anURL”?Whatexactlyistherule?Despitetheconfusiononwhentousethesetwowords,theruleregardingtheiruseisactuallyquitesimple.Thebasicruleforusing“a”inasentenceis:Use“a”beforewords,orlettersthatbeginwithasoundofaconsonant(辅音字母),regardlessoftheirspelling,suchasadog,auniversity,aCBSnewsreport.Theimportantpartisthesoundofthewordthatfollows,notnecessarilytheletterwithwhichitstarts.Theaboveexampleshavewordsthatbeginwithvowels(元音字母)andconsonants,butweuse“a”forallofthembecausetheybeginwiththesoundofaconsonant.“An”isusedbeforewords,orlettersthatbeginwithavowelsound,regardlessoftheirspelling,suchasanidea,anhonor,anHTMLdocument.Theruleonlybecomestrickywhenyouhaveavowelwithaconsonantsoundoraconsonantwithavowelsound.Whenyoucomeacrossthese,ignorewhatthefirstletterisandjustlistentothesoundthatitmakes.Whatifanadjective(形容词)isaddedinfrontofanoun(名词)?Somepeoplearen’tsurehowtoapplythisrulewhenanadjectiveappearsbeforethenounbeingreferredto.Thesamerulestillapplies.“A”isusedbeforewordsstartinginconsonantsoundsand“an”isusedbeforewordsstartingwithvowelsounds.Itdoesn’tmatterifthewordisanadjective,anoun,oranythingelse;theruleisexactlythesame.8.What’sthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Tobringupthetopic.B.Tobringforwardasuggestion.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofrules.D.Totellthebackgroundofthetext.9.Whatdeterminesthechoicebetween“a”and“an”?A.Thefirstletterofthenoun.B.Thespellingsofthenoun.C.Thefirstletterafterthem.D.Thefirstsoundafterthem.10.Whatcanbelearntabouttherulementionedinthetext?A.Itvariesfromcontexttocontext.B.Itconfusesonlynativespeakers.C.Itissimplebutsometimestricky.D.Itisnotincommonusegrammatically.11.Howisthetextmainlydeveloped?A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.Bygivingexplanationsandexamples.C.Byapplyingpreviousdata.D.Bybringingoutthefactsandreasons.\n【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了不定冠词a和an的使用规则。【8题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“Whenisthecorrecttimetousethearticle(冠词)“a”and“an”?Weknow“abike”and“anapple”.Butisit“aURL”or“anURL”?Whatexactlyistherule?Despitetheconfusiononwhentousethesetwowords,theruleregardingtheiruseisactuallyquitesimple.(什么时候正确使用冠词“a”和“an”？我们知道“abike”和“anapple”。但是“aURL”和“anURL”谁对呢？规则到底是什么？尽管在何时使用这两个词上存在混淆，但关于它们的使用规则实际上相当简单)”可知，第一段通过示例表明人们在a和an的运用上存在问题，引出全文话题——a和an的运用规则。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Theimportantpartisthesoundofthewordthatfollows,notnecessarilytheletterwithwhichitstarts.(重要的部分是后面单词的发音，而不一定是它开头的字母)”和最后一段中的““A”isusedbeforewordsstartinginconsonantsoundsand“an”isusedbeforewordsstartingwithvowelsounds.(“A”用在辅音开头的单词之前，“an”用在元音开头的单词之前)”可知，“a”和“an”之间的选择取决于它们之后的第一个发音是辅音还是元音。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Despitetheconfusiononwhentousethesetwowords,theruleregardingtheiruseisactuallyquitesimple.(尽管在何时使用“a”和“an”这两个词上存在混淆，但关于它们的使用规则实际上相当简单)”可知，针对何时正确使用“a”和“an”，虽然有时使用时会存在棘手的问题，但使用规则实际上相当简单。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。由第二段“Thebasicruleforusing“a”inasentenceis:Use“a”beforewords,orlettersthatbeginwithasoundofaconsonant(辅音字母),regardlessoftheirspelling,suchasadog,auniversity,aCBSnewsreport.(在句子中使用“a”的基本规则是：在以辅音开头的单词或字母之前使用“a”，无论其拼写如何，例如adog、auniversity、aCBSnewsreport)”和第四段““An”isusedbeforewords,orlettersthatbeginwithavowelsound,regardlessoftheirspelling,suchasanidea,anhonor,anHTMLdocument.(“An\n”用在以元音开头的单词或字母前，无论其拼写如何，例如anidea、anhonor、anHTMLdocument)”及其它用示例进行解释说明的段落可知，作者通过给出解释和示例来讲明“a”和“an”的运用规则。故选B项。DAcrossvastareasofthetropics(热带地区)fromSoutheastAsiatoAfrica,forestshavebeencutdowninrecentdecades,butatleastinsomeareasreforestationeffortshavebeenmadetotakeincarbon(碳).Itremainstobeseen,however,whetherthesenewlyplantedforestswillmanagetosurviveinthefaceofchangingclimate,whichwillbringmoreintenseheat,lengtheneddroughts,andoccasionalwildfires.Tofindout,scientistsfromtheUniversityofHongKongdecidedtorunhundredsofcomputermodelstoexplorevariousresultsunderdifferentconditions.Thekeyaimofthestudywastoseeifcarbonstoredintheseregrownforestswouldremainlockedup,andtheyhavefoundthiswilllikelybethecaseevenunderthemostsevereclimateconditions.“Ourcomputermodelsshowinmanypartsofthetropicsreforestationisworthit,becausethesenewforestsshouldbeabletosurviveuntiltheendofthecenturyandcontinuetostoreextracarbonfromtheatmosphereintheprocess,”explainsJedKaplan,aprofessorattheuniversity.However,theroleofnewlyplantedforestsasacarboncollectorinthetropicswillhaveonlyalimitedeffectonclimatechange,especiallybecausemanyexistingforestsinthetropicswillstruggleinthefaceofrisingtemperaturesandarealreadylosingtheirabilitytostorecarbon,“Massivetreeplantingwon’tbeenoughtoavoidclimatedisaster,butitcanplayarole.Andifdonewithbiodiversityandthepeoplewhocalltheseforestshome,reforestationcanhavemanybenefits,”saysAlexanderKoch,theotherauthorofthestudy.“Sofarwehaveonlybeenabletolookatcarbon,butotheraspectssuchasbiodiversityinrestoredforestsarealsoimpactedbyclimatechange.Assessingthoseimpactswillbethenextstep,”headds.12.Whatisthediscoveryofthestudy?A.Changingclimatewillbringaboutmanynaturaldisasters.B.Reforestationisofgreatbenefittobiodiversityinthetropics.C.Regrownforestswillstorecarboneveninthefaceofclimatechange.D.Thechanceofnewlyplantedforestssurvivingtoughconditionsisslim.\n13.What’sJedKaplan’sattitudetowardsreforestation?AWorried.B.Doubtful.C.Disappointed.D.Favourable.14.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph5?A.Reforestationisuselessinstoppingclimatechange.B.Moremeasuresshouldbetakenaswellasreforestation.C.Thecarbonintheatmospherewillincreaseinthefuture.D.Existingforestscannolongertakeincarbonfromtheair.15.Whatcanwelearnaboutthestudy?A.Ittakesallthefactorsintoaccount.B.Itstillneedstobefurtherimproved.C.Itfailstoachievetheexpectedresult.D.Itprovidesawaytoavoidclimatechange.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项研究表明重造森林可以吸收二氧化碳，但作用有限。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“Thekeyaimofthestudywastoseeifcarbonstoredintheseregrownforestswouldremainlockedup,andtheyhavefoundthiswilllikelybethecaseevenunderthemostsevereclimateconditions.(这项研究的主要目的是观察这些再生森林中储存的碳是否会被锁定，他们发现，即使在最恶劣的气候条件下，再生森林也会储存碳)”可知，即使面临气候变化，再生森林也会储存碳。故选C项。【13题详解】推理判断题。由第四段JedKaplan说的话“Ourcomputermodelsshowinmanypartsofthetropicsreforestationisworthit,becausethesenewforestsshouldbeabletosurviveuntiltheendofthecenturyandcontinuetostoreextracarbonfromtheatmosphereintheprocess(我们的计算机模型表明，在热带的许多地区，重新造林是值得的，因为这些新森林应该能够生存到本世纪末，并在这个过程中继续从大气中储存额外的碳)”可知，JedKaplan认为再造森林能够储存碳，是值得的行为，可得出他对重新造林持“支持的（Favourable）”态度。故选D项。\n【14题详解】推理判断题。由第五段中的“However,theroleofnewlyplantedforestsasacarboncollectorinthetropicswillhaveonlyalimitedeffectonclimatechange(然而，热带地区新种植的森林作为碳收集器的作用对气候变化的影响有限)”和AlexanderKoch说的话“Massivetreeplantingwon’tbeenoughtoavoidclimatedisaster,butitcanplayarole.Andifdonewithbiodiversityandthepeoplewhocalltheseforestshome,reforestationcanhavemanybenefit(大规模植树不足以避免气候灾害，但它可以发挥作用。如果重新造林是利用生物多样性和那些称这些森林为家的人来完成的，那么重新造林可以带来很多好处)”可知，重新造林碳吸收作用有限，AlexanderKoch认为还需利用生物多样性和人类的行动，可得出除重新造林外，还应采取更多措施。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Sofarwehaveonlybeenabletolookatcarbon,butotheraspectssuchasbiodiversityinrestoredforestsarealsoimpactedbyclimatechange.Assessingthoseimpactswillbethenextstep(到目前为止，我们只能研究碳，恢复森林的其他方面（如生物多样性）也受到气候变化的影响。评估这些影响将是下一步。)”可知，目前只能研究碳，研究恢复森林的其他方面是下一步研究重点，可得出该研究仍需进一步改进。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyoneisnervouswhentheygotoaninterviewforanewjob.However,beingwell-preparedfortheinterviewcanreallyreduceyourstresslevel.___16___.“___17___.”Theinterviewer’spurposeinaskingthisquestionistogetinformationrelatedtoworkandjobopenings.Somepeoplemakethemistakeoftakingthisrequestliterallyandansweringbygivingtheirlifehistory.Infact,thebestpointstofocusonwhenansweringthisquestionarepastworkexperience,education,andsocialactivities.Ofthesethree,workexperiencecarriesalotmoreweight.“Whydoyouwanttoworkforthiscompany?”___18___,youarelettingtheinterviewerknowthatyouhaven’tdonemuchresearchaboutthecompanyorthejobyouarebeinginterviewedfor.Intervieweeswhocangivedetailedanswersaboutthebenefitsofworkingforaparticularcompanymakeamuchbetterimpressiononinterviewers.“Whatareyourstrengthsandwhatisyourbiggestweakness?”Peoplehaveahardtimeanswering\nthefirstquestionbecauseitfeelslikeboasting(吹嘘)insomeways.___19___.Thesecondquestionposesaproblembecausetheanswerneedstobeaweaknessthatsoundslikeastrength.Agoodtiptokeepinmindistomentionhowyouaretryingtoimprove.Afinalsuggestionforpreparingforaninterviewistogointotheinterviewwithyourownquestionstoask.___20___.A.TellmeaboutyourselfB.ButaninterviewhasnotimetobeshyC.Forinstance,answerquestionsrelatetofamilyD.Ifyoudon’thaveananswerreadyforthisquestionE.Byaskingquestionsaboutthecompany,youareshowinginterestforthejobF.ProbablythemostfrequentlyaskedquestionsinanyjobinterviewareasfollowsG.Ifyoudon’tfeelcomfortablegivingsuchpersonalinformation,thensimplydon’t【答案】16.F17.A18.D19.B20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是每个人参加新工作面试时都很紧张。然而，为面试做好充分准备真的可以减少你的压力水平，接下来主要讲到了面试时的几个问题及回答。【16题详解】由下文第三段首句“‘Whydoyouwanttoworkforthiscompany?’(你为什么想在这家公司工作？)”和第四段首句“‘Whatareyourstrengthsandwhatisyourbiggestweakness?’(你的优点是什么，最大的缺点是什么？)”可知，下文在讲面试中常遇到的几个问题，引起下文，F选项“可能在任何面试中最常见的问题如下”引出面试中常出现的几个问题这个话题。故选F项。【17题详解】由下文“Somepeoplemakethemistakeoftakingthisrequestliterallyandansweringbygivingtheirlifehistory.Infact,thebestpointstofocusonwhenansweringthisquestionarepastworkexperience,education,andsocialactivities.(有些人错误地从字面上理解了这个请求，并给出了他们的生活史。事实上，在回答这个问题时，最好关注过去的工作经验、教育和社会活动)”可知，个人生活史、过去的工作经验、教育和社会活动都与个人信息相关，可得出面试官问的问题与你的个人信息相关，承接下文，A选项“跟我说说你自己”切题。故选A项。【18题详解】针对“‘Whydoyouwanttoworkforthiscompany?’(你为什么想在这家公司工作？)”这个问题，\nD选项“如果你还没有准备好回答这个问题”表明如果面试者没准备好回答这个问题会出现的不利情况，即出现下文“youarelettingtheinterviewerknowthatyouhaven’tdonemuchresearchaboutthecompanyorthejobyouarebeinginterviewedfor(你是在让面试官知道你没有对公司或你面试的工作做太多研究)”的这种不利情况。故选D项。【19题详解】B选项“但是面试没有时间害羞”与上文“‘Whatareyourstrengthsandwhatisyourbiggestweakness?’Peoplehaveahardtimeansweringthefirstquestionbecauseitfeelslikeboasting(吹嘘)insomeways.(‘你的优点是什么，最大的缺点是什么？’人们很难回答第一个问题，因为在某些方面这感觉像是在吹嘘)”形成转折关系，表明面试时间紧张，就算你在面试中吹嘘也没关系。故选B项。【20题详解】由上文“Afinalsuggestionforpreparingforaninterviewistogointotheinterviewwithyourownquestionstoask.(准备面试的最后一个建议是，带着你自己的问题去面试)”可知，上文作者建议带着你自己的问题去面试，承接上文，E选项“通过询问有关公司的问题，你表现出对这份工作的兴趣”是带着你自己的问题去面试的具体例子及好处。故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In2020,13-year-oldAdeolaOlagbegicaughtarareillness,andhadasuccessfuloperation.___21___,Adeolaisnowoutofhospital.Whilehewas___22___,hefoundoutthathewasqualifiedfora(n)___23___toaskforadreamwishfromMake-A-WishFoundation.WhilemanyteenswouldchooseaDisneytripormeetafavouritefigure,Adeola___24___chosetofeedthehomeless.TheMake-A-WishFoundationisfamousforbrighteningthelivesofchildren___25___illnessesbyrealizingtheirwishes.Awishalwaysincludeshavingsomethingorgoingsomewhere.However,Adeola’swishtogivecameasa___26___totheorganization,asAdeola’s___27___wishwasthefirstofitskindintheorganization’s35-yearhistory.“Whenhesoeasilyofferstohelpothers,youjusthavetosay,that’sa(n)___28___youngman,”saidLinda,anofficialoftheorganization.Shewas___29___withtheteen’skindnessandsenseof___30___.\nAdeolathinkshispastexperiences___31___withhisfamilyintheircommunityarewhat___32___himtomakethegivingwish.Whendecidingwhattodowiththe___33___chance,theonethingthatwasthemostimportanttohimwasthathiswishhadalong-lasting___34___.“Mymomalwayssaysit’sluckytobesomeone___35___,soIjustwantedtodosomethingforotherpeopletomakeitlastlonger,”Adeolaexplained.21.A.NaturallyB.HopefullyC.ThankfullyD.Frankly22.A.recoveringB.practicingC.preparingD.fighting23.A.interviewB.opportunityC.goalD.promise24.A.insteadB.thereforeC.moreoverD.anyway25.A.gettingoffB.takingonC.lookingthroughD.sufferingfrom26.A.pleasureB.successC.surpriseD.disappointment27.A.formalB.generousC.excitingD.curious28.A.excellentB.terribleC.capableD.confident29.A.confusedB.affectedC.impressedD.strict30.A.honourB.humourC.reliefD.responsibility31.A.designingB.exploringC.volunteeringD.exercising32.A.permitsB.forcesC.remindsD.inspires33.A.normalB.unexpectedC.strangeD.different34A.memoryB.benefitC.appreciationD.impact35.A.helpfulB.meaningfulC.powerfulD.amazing【答案】21.C22.A23.B24.A25.D26.C27.B28.C29.C30.D31.C32.D33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是13岁的AdeolaOlagbegi向许愿基金会申请愿望的时候选择了帮助无家可归的人，这让这个组织很惊讶，文中也讲到了Adeola选择这个愿望的原因。\n【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，Adeola现在已经出院。A.Naturally自然地；B.Hopefully有希望地；C.Thankfully值得庆幸的是；D.Frankly坦白地。由后文的“Adeolaisnowoutofhospital”可知，Adeola现在已经出院，这是值得庆幸的，故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在康复期间，他发现自己有机会向许愿基金会（Make-A-WishFoundation）许愿。A.recovering恢复、康复；B.practicing练习；C.preparing准备；D.fighting战斗。由上文的“hadasuccessfuloperation”和“Adeolaisnowoutofhospital”可知，他出院后在康复期间，他发现自己有资格向许愿基金会（Make-A-WishFoundation）许愿。故选A。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在康复期间，他发现自己有机会向许愿基金会（Make-A-WishFoundation）许愿。A.interview面试；B.opportunity机会；C.goal目标；D.promise承诺。由后文的“toaskforadreamwishfromMake-A-WishFoundation”可知，他发现自己有机会向许愿基金会许愿，故选B。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：许多青少年会选择去迪士尼旅行或见最喜欢的人物，而Adeola却选择了给无家可归的人提供食物。A.instead反而；B.therefore因此；C.moreover此外；D.anyway无论如何。由上文的“manyteenswouldchooseaDisneytripormeetafavouritefigure”和后文的“chosetofeedthehomeless”可知，句子表示“许多青少年会选择去迪士尼旅行或遇到最喜欢的人物，而亚伯拉罕却选择了给无家可归的人提供食物”，空格处意为“反而”，故选A。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：许愿基金会通过实现生病的孩子们的愿望，给他们的生活带来光明，这一点为人们所熟知。A.gettingoff下车；B.takingon呈现；C.lookingthrough浏览；D.sufferingfrom遭受、患病。由后文的“illnesses”可知，此处表示“生病的孩子”，故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Adeola的愿望让该组织感到意外，因为Adeola的慷慨愿望是该组织35年历史上的首次。A.pleasure快乐；B.success成功；C.surprise意外之事；D.disappointment失望。由后文的“asAdeola’s___7___wishwasthefirstofitskindintheorganization’s35-yearhistory”可知，Adeola的愿望让该组织感到意外，故选C。\n【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Adeola的愿望让该组织感到意外，因为阿黛奥拉的慷慨愿望是该组织35年历史上的首次。A.formal正式的；B.generous慷慨的；C.exciting令人激动的；D.curious好奇的。由第一段的“Adeola___4___chosetofeedthehomeless”可知，他的愿望很慷慨，故选B。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当他如此轻易地提出帮助别人时，你只需要说，这是一个有能力的年轻人，”该组织的官员琳达(Linda)说。A.excellent优秀的；B.terrible糟糕的；C.capable有能力的；D.confident自信的。由上文的“hesoeasilyofferstohelpothers”可知，他如此轻易地提出帮助别人，他是一个有能力的年轻人，故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个青少年的善良和责任感给她留下了深刻的印象。A.confused困惑的；B.affected被（外界因素）影响的，打动的；C.impressed印象深刻的；D.strict严格的。由后文的“withtheteen’skindnessandsenseof___10___”可知，这个青少年的善良和责任感给Linda留下了深刻的印象，故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个青少年的善良和责任感给她留下了深刻的印象。A.honour荣幸；B.humour幽默；C.relief宽慰；D.responsibility责任。由第4空后的“chosetofeedthehomeless”可知，这个青少年有责任感，故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adeola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他实现捐赠愿望的原因。A.designing设计；B.exploring探索；C.volunteering自愿做；D.exercising练习。由后文的“withhisfamilyintheircommunity”可知，他和家人在社区做志愿者，故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adeola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他实现捐赠愿望的原因。A.permits允许；B.forces强迫；C.reminds提醒；D.inspires激励。由上文的“hispastexperiences___11___withhisfamilyintheircommunity”和后文的“tomakethegivingwish”可知，Adeola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是激励他实现捐赠愿望的原因。故选D。\n【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当决定如何处理这个意外的机会时，对他来说最重要的一件事是，他的愿望具有持久的影响。A.normal正常的；B.unexpected出乎意料的；C.strange奇怪的；D.different不同的。根据第一段的“Whilehewas___2___,hefoundoutthathewasqualifiedfora(n)___3___toaskforadreamwishfromMake-A-WishFoundation”可知，他可以要求一个愿望是一个出乎意料的机会，故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当决定如何处理这个意外的机会时，对他来说最重要的一件事是，他的愿望具有持久的影响。A.memory记忆；B.benefit利益；C.appreciation感激；D.impact影响。由后文的“dosomethingforotherpeople”可知，为他人做点事情，这是对他人有影响的，故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Adeola解释说:“我妈妈总是说，能成为一个乐于助人的人是一件很幸运的事，所以我只是想为别人做些事情，让这种感觉持续得更久。”A.helpful有帮助的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.powerful强大的；D.amazing令人惊异的。由后文的“dosomethingforotherpeople”可知，他为他人做点事情，也就是他是对他人有帮助的，故选A。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThreeChineseastronautsoftheShenzhou-13mannedspaceship,___36___completedtheirsix-monthspacestationmission,returnedtotheEarthsafelyonApril16.“ThemissionmarksthatChinahascompletedthe___37___(confirm)ofkeytechnologiesofitsspacestationandalso___38___(set)arecordforChineseastronauts’durationinorbit,”saidtheChinaMannedSpaceAgency(CMSA).Shenzhou-13’sreturncapsule,___39___(carry)astronautsZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfu,toucheddownattheDongfenglandingsiteinnorthChina’sInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegion.TheShenzhou-13mannedmissionwas___40___completesuccess,theCMSAannounced.Afterthereturncapsulelandedsuccessfully,thegroundsearchteamarrivedatthelandingsite.Themedicalstaffconfirmedthattheastronautswere___41___goodhealth.Threeastronauts___42___(lift)onebyonebygroundworkersandplacedontochairsinfrontofthecapsule.Theylooked___43___(relax)andwavedtothegroundcrew.\nFromseparatingfromthespacestationtoreturntotheEarth,thejourneytookonlyoverninehours,thefirsttimeforaChinesemannedspaceship___44___(use)the“rapidreturnmode”.Itshortenedtheflight___45___(main)byreducingtravelingcirclesaroundtheorbit,accordingtotheCMSA.【答案】36.who37.confirmation38.sets39.carrying40.a41.in42.werelifted43.relaxed44.touse45.mainly【解析】【导语】本文是一篇报道，文章介绍中国神舟13号载人飞船的三名宇航员完成空间站任务之后，安全返回地球的情况。【36题详解】考查定语从句。句意：4月16日，中国神舟13号载人飞船的三名宇航员完成了为期六个月的空间站任务，安全返回地球。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用关系词引导定语从句，先行词为ThreeChineseastronauts，先行词在从句中充当主语，指人，因此需要使用关系代词who，故填who。【37题详解】考查名词。句意：中国载人航天机构(CMSA)表示:“这次任务标志着中国完成了空间站关键技术的确认，也创造了中国宇航员在轨时间的记录。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用名词做complete的宾语，“firm(确认)”名词形式为“confirmation”，故填confirmation。【38题详解】考查一般现在时。句意：中国载人航天机构CMSA表示：“这次任务标志着中国完成了空间站关键技术的确认，也创造了中国宇航员在轨时间的记录。根据所给句子分析可知，此句中“set(创造……记录)”通过andalso与谓语“marks(标志着……)”构成并列关系，表示一般事实，因此需要使用一般现在时。故填sets。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：神舟13\n号返回舱载着宇航员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光福在中国北部内蒙古自治区的东风着陆点着陆。根据所给句子分析可知，此处carry为非谓语动词作状语，主语Shenzhou-13’sreturncapsule(神州13号返回舱)与carry是主动关系，与谓语动词toucheddown同时反生，因此需要使用现在分词的主动形式，故填carrying。【40题详解】考查冠词。句意：中国航天局宣布，神舟十三号载人航天任务圆满成功。根据所给句子分析可知，此句中“success”表示“一件成功事件”是可数名词，complete首字母的发音为辅音音素。因此此处使用不定冠词a，故填a。【41题详解】考查介词搭配。句意：返回舱成功着陆后，地面搜索队到达着陆点。医务人员证实，宇航员健康状况良好。根据短语“ingoodhealth”意为“身体状况良好”可知此处需要使用介词in构成固定搭配。故填in。【42题详解】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：三名宇航员被地面工作人员一个接一个地抬到太空舱前面的椅子上。根据所给句子分析可知，主语“Threeastronauts(三名宇航员)”是复数形式，并且与动词lift是被动关系，结合句意可知，这一动作发生在过去，因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态形式were+过分分词，故填werelifted。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：他们看上去很放松，并向地勤人员挥手致意。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用形容词作look的表语，表示主语人—They(他们)看起来放松，因此需要使用-ed形容词形式，故填relaxed。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从空间站分离到返回地球，整个过程只用了9个多小时，这是中国载人飞船首次采用“快速返回模式”。根据所给句子分析可知，此处use为非谓语动与thefirsttime构成固定结构thefirsttimetodosth.意为“第一次做……”，因此需要使用不定式形式，故填touse。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：据CMSA称，它主要通过减少在轨道上的运行周期来缩短飞行时间。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用副词作状语，意为“主要”通过缩短飞行时间，“main(主要的)”副词形式为“mainly”，故填mainly。\n第四部分写作（共两节；满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.暑假即将来临，某中学生英文报面向中学生征稿，主题为“中学生暑假应该学习的新技能”。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.你想学习的新技能及原因；2.你的新技能学习计划。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。TheNewSkillIWanttoLearn_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】TheNewSkillIWanttoLearnThenewskillthatIwanttolearninsummervacationiscooking.Asweallknow,cookingisthemostbasiclifeskill.Learningtocookformiddleschoolstudentscanpreparethemforanindependentlifeinsocietyaftergraduation.Cookingathomeishealthierandcheaperthaneatingoutororderingtake-out.Iplantolearntocookwithmymotherathomeduringthesummervacation.Icanwatchhercook,memorizethestepsofcooking,andpracticeitmyself.Ibelievethatwithmymother’shelp,Icancertainlylearntocookinthesummervacation.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇关于“中学生暑假应该学习的新技能”的英语短文，内容包括：1.你想学习的新技能及原因；2.你的新技能学习计划。【详解】1.词汇积累假期：vacation→holiday基本的：basic→fundamental记住：memorize→bearinmind肯定：certainly→undoubtedly2.句式拓展\n简单句变复合句原句：Iplantolearntocookwithmymotherathomeduringthesummervacation.Icanwatchhercook,memorizethestepsofcooking,andpracticeitmyself.拓展句：Iplantolearntocookwithmymotherathomeduringthesummervacation,whenIcanwatchhercook,memorizethestepsofcooking,andpracticeitmyself.【点睛】[高分句型1]ThenewskillthatIwanttolearninsummervacationiscooking.(运用了that引导的定语从句)[高分句型2]Asweallknow,cookingisthemostbasiclifeskill.(运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句)第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Manyyearsago,therelivedawealthymaninabigcitywhowantedtodosomethinggood.Raisedinasmallvillage,hemadeuphismindtohelpthepeopleinhistown.Butbeforedoingso,hewantedtodoanexperimenttofindoutwhohadthequalificationforhishelp.Sosecretlyheputaverylargestoneinthemiddleofthemainroadwhichledtothetown.Thenhestoodbehindatreewaitingandwatching.Severalminuteslater,anoldmancamealongwithhiscow,“Whoputthestoneinthecenteroftheroad?”saidtheoldman,buthedidn’ttrytomovethestoneaway.Hepassedaroundthestonewithsomedifficultiesandcontinuedonhisway.Anothermancamealonganddidthesamething;thenanothercame,andanother.Allofthemcomplainedaboutthestoneinthecenteroftheroadbutnobodytriedtomoveit.Thoughtherichmanwasalittledisappointedwithwhathehadseen,hestillchosetowaitlonger.Inhisheart,hewouldn’tliketobelievethatnoonewoulddosomethingwiththestone.Therefore,hewentonwaitingandwatching.Laterintheafternoon,ayoungmancamealong.Hesawthestoneandsaid,“Itwillbedarkatnight.Somepeoplewhowillcomealonglaterinthedarkaremorelikelytofalloverthestoneandgethurt.”Thentheyoungmanbegantomovethestone.Obviously,itwasabigandheavystone.Inspiteofthis,hepushedandpulledandtriedeverythinghecouldtomoveitoutoftheroad.Finally,hishardworkpaidoff.Buttohissurprise,underthestone,hefoundabagfullofmoney,alongwithapieceofpaperreading,“Thismoneyisforthepersonwhomovesthestonefromtheroad.Thepersondeservesmyhelp.”\n注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Theyoungmanwassurprisedtoseethemoney._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Followingtheyoungman,therichmancameintoahouse.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Theyoungmanwassurprisedtoseethemoney.Hewonderedwhoputabagfullofmoneyunderastoneandwantedtothanktheowner.Heshoutedtotheopenarea,“Whosemoneyisthis?”,butnooneanswered.Aftersomeminutes,becauseitwasgettingdarkeranddarker,hegaveupsearchinganddeterminedtogobackwiththemoney.Therichmanwantedtoseewhattheyoungmanwoulddowiththemoney.Followingtheyoungman,therichmancameintoahouse.Thehousewasacarehome,wheremanyoldpeoplelived.Theoldwereveryhappytoseetheyoungman.Oneofthemasked,“Whyareyoucomingheresolate?”Theyoungmanreplied,“Today,Ifoundabagfullofmoneyunderastone.Irememberyoulacksomenecessities,soIwanttogiveyousomemoney.”Theoldthankedhim.Seeingthis,therichmanfeltthateverythinghedidtodaywasworthwhile.【解析】【导语】本文十一篇记叙文，以人物为线索展开。文章主要讲述了一个有钱人想为他城镇里的居民做一些好事，但是首先，他想看看他们是否值得他帮助，所以在路中间放了一个大石头，只有移开路中间石头的人才会拿到钱，所以只有帮助别人的人才会值得别人帮助，因此，如果我们乐善好施，我们也会有个好的结果。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“年轻人看到钱很惊讶。”可知，第一段可描写年轻人看到钱后的反应，他想找到主人，但寻找无果，只能带钱回去。\n②由第二段首句内容“跟着那个年轻人，那个富人走进了一所房子。”可知，第二段可描写年轻人用钱帮助养老院的老人，富人看到这一幕很欣慰。2.续写线索：年轻人发现钱诧异——年轻人寻找主人——年轻人带钱回去——富人跟随——年轻人帮助老人——富人欣慰3.词汇激活行为类①想要做某事：wanttodosth./feellikedoingsth.②回答：answer/respond③决心做某事：determinedtodosth./makeupone’smindtodosth.情绪类①感谢：thank/showgratitudeto②高兴的：happy/delighted/pleased【点睛】[高分句型1]Hewonderedwhoputabagfullofmoneyunderastoneandwantedtothanktheowner.(运用了who引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Thehousewasacarehome,wheremanyoldpeoplelived.(运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)