江苏省常州市部分学校2021-2022学年七年级上学期期中质量调研数学【试卷 答案】

2021~2022学年第一学期期中质量调研2021.11七年级数学试题注意事项：1．本场考试时间为90分钟，全卷100分。2．考生应将答案全部填写在答题卡相应位置上，答在本试卷上无效。一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）1．身份证号码32010619621118××××告诉我们很多信息，其中32、01、06所属的省（直辖市、自治区）、市、县（县级市、区）的编码，1962、11、18是出生的年、月、日；某人身份证号码是32110219810911××××，则此人出生的月份是（）A．8B．10C．9D．112．在数，0，，9，－0.1，8844.43，－32％中，其中负数有（）A．2个B．3个C．4个D．5个3．下列各数：－1，，0，3.14，，4.112112112…，其中无理数有（）A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个4．下列代数式中，单项式的是（　　）A．B．C．D．5．下列各组中的两项不属于同类项的是（　　）A．和B．和C．和D．和6．下列计算正确的是（　　）A．B．C．D．bOa7．如图，在数轴上有a、b两数，式子：①，②，③，④，⑤，⑥；其中结果为正的式子有（）A．1个B．2个C．3个D．4个8．古希腊著名的毕达哥拉斯学派把1、3、6、10…这样的数称为“三角形数”，而把1、4、9、16…这样的数称为“正方形数”．从下图中可以发现，任何一个大于1的“正方形数”都可以看作两个相邻“三角形数”之和．下列等式中，符合这一规律的是（）A．13=3+10B．25=9+16C．36=15+21D．49=18+31二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）9．若将向东行驶3km，记作＋3km，则向西行驶2km应记作． 10．的倒数是　　　；的相反数是　　　．11．单项式－ab2c3的系数是　　　；多项式－2x3－3x＋1的次数是　　　．12．比较大小：　　；　　（填“＞”、“＜”、或“＝”符号）．13．北京奥运会国家体育场“鸟巢”的建筑面积为258000平方米，那么258000平方米，用科学记数法可表示为平方米．14．小明在电脑上每分钟录入汉字60个，小明的妈妈每分钟录入汉字50个，如果要录入个汉字，那么妈妈比小明多用分钟．15．如图，是计算机程序计算，若开始输入x=－1，则最后输出的结果是．16．在数轴上，点A表示数－1，A、B两点之间的距离为3，则点B表示数　　．17．若三个非零有理数a，b，c满足，则　　．18．已知在纸面上有一数轴，折叠纸面，数轴上－2表示的点与7表示的点重合．若数轴上A、B两点之间的距离为2021（A在B的左侧），且A、B两点经以上方法折叠后重合，则A点表示的数是．三、计算题（每小题4分，共16分）19.（1）（2）（3）（4）四、计算与化简（20题每小题5分，21题6分，共16分）20.（1）（2）21.先化简，再求值：，其中，． 五、解答题（本大题共4小题，22题6分，23题、24题各8分，25题10分，共32分）22．已知一个多项式与的和是．（1）求这个多项式？（2）若代数式的值是5，求这个多项式的值？23．有一批试剂，每瓶标准剂量为250毫升，现抽取8瓶样品进行检测，结果如下（单位：毫升）：256，248，253，260，244，255，235，242．（1）根据标准剂量，用正、负数记数填表；原剂量256248253260244255235242与标准的差距（2）这8瓶样品试剂的总剂量是多少？（3）若增加或者减少每瓶试剂剂量的人工费10元/毫升，问8瓶样品试剂再加工制作成标准剂量需要多少人工费？24．如图，用三种大小不同的六个正方形和一个缺角的长方形拼成大长方形ABCD，其中GH=1，HM=3，设BF=a.（1）用含a的代数式表示CN=cm，DN=cm.（2）用含a的代数式表示大长方形ABCD的周长. 25．【阅读理解】 一般地，数轴上表示数m和数n的两点A、B之间的距离等于m、n两数差的绝对值，即AB=．例如，数轴上表示3和－1的两点A、B之间的距离是AB=；表示－3和2两点C、D之间的距离是CD=．【知识运用】（1）若数轴上表示数a的点位于－4与2之间，求+的值；01234-1-2-3-4-5（2）数轴上一点表示数a，若+=8，求a的值；01234-1-2-3-4-5（3）如图， A、B为数轴上两点，点 A所表示的数为－20，点 B所表示的数为 40．现有一只电子蚂蚁 P从点 B出发，以 5个单位每秒的速度向左运动，设P运动时间为t秒，当  t为何值时， P、A、 B三点中恰有某两点距离是另两点距离的两倍？ 2021学年第一学期期中质量调研七年级数学试卷参考答案一、选择题（本大题共8小题，每小题2分，共16分）1．C2．C3．A4．D5．D6．C7．B8．C二、填空题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）9．-2km10．-3311．-1312．>>13．2.58×10514．（m50-m60）15．-1116．-4或217．-118．-1008三、计算题（每小题4分，共16分）19．（1）=-10-4+8-3·······························································1分=-17+8······························································3分=-9·····························································4分（2）=2-2×2×2······························································1分=2-8······························································3分=-6······························································4分（3）=(1-5/6+1/4)×(-48)·······························································1分=-48+5/6×48-1/4×48······························································2分=-48+40-12······························································3分=-20······························································4分（4）=-9×5-4÷4·····························································2分=-45-1·····························································3分=-46····························································4分四、计算化简（第20题每小题5分，第21题6分共16分）20．（1）=(-1+2-5)a···························································3分=-4a···························································5分（2）=2x+2y-3x+3y··························································3分=-x+5y···························································5分21．=3x2-7xy-2x2+6xy························································2分=x2-xy··························································4分x2-xy=(-2)2-(-2)×1/2··························································5分=4+1=5·························································6分五、解答题（第22题6分，第23、24题各8分，第25题10分）22．（1）3b-2-(-2a-3b+1)··························································1分=3b-2+2a+3b-1··························································2分=2a+6b-3··························································3分（2）=2(a+3b)-3·························································4分=2×5-3························································5分=7························································6分23．（1）+6-2+3+10-6+5-15-8···········································2分（2）=250×8+(+6-2+3+10-6+5-15-8)=2000-7=1993(毫升)························································4分 答：·······················································5分（3）|+6|+|-2|+|+3|+|+10|+|-6|+|+5|+|-15|+|-8|=6+2+3+10+6+5+15+8=55(毫升)························································6分50×10=550（元）························································7分答：·························································8分24．（1）（a+1）3a·······················································2分（2）DC=CN+DN=a+1+3a=4a+1·······················································3分BC=a×2+(a+1)×3=2a+3a+3=5a+3······················································4分C长ABCD=(4a+1+5a+3)*2··························································6分=18a+8··························································8分25．（1）|a+4|+|a-2|=6··························································2分（2）(8-6)÷2=1a=-4-1=-5··························································3分a=2+1=3························································4分（3）468182436·························································10分