河南省中原名校联盟2022届高三英语9月教学质量检测试题（附解析）

河南省中原名校联盟2022届高三上学期9月教学质量检测英语考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本试卷主要命题范围：高考范围。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Seeashow.B.Gethismoneyback.C.Orderaticket.2.Whendoesthemanplantoarriveattheairport?A.At2:00.B.At2:30.C.At4:30.3.Whydoesthemantalkwiththewoman?A.Todiscussabookwithher.B.Topresentheraprize.C.Tointerviewher.4.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atouristattraction.B.Arunningtiger.C.Ahistoricalstory.5.Whatmadethewomansurprised?A.Theman’sdiet.B.Theman’sweightloss.C.Theman’slifestyle.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatpositionmightthewomanapplyfor?A.Anassistant.B.Adirector.C.Asalesperson.7.Howdoesthemanlikeworkingonaship?,A.Interesting.B.Boring.C.Challenging.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatisthespecialfortoday?A.Thechips.B.Thesteak.C.Thechicken.9.Whattypeofbreaddoesthewomanwant?A.Italian.B.Wholewheat.C.Honeywheat.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inalibrary.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inadininghall.11.Howmanysubjectreportshasthemanfinished?A.2.B.3.C.4.12.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Lendherabook.B.Giveherahand.C.Havelunchtogether.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodoforhim?A.Askforleave.B.Confirmhisflight.C.Drivehimtotheairport.14.Whenistheman’sflight?A.OnSundaymorning.B.OnMondaymorning.C.OnWednesdayafternoon.15.Whatislikelytobetherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple.B.Workmates.C.Classmates.16.Whatisthemanprobablygoingtodonext?A.Makeaphonecall.B.Findaparkinglot.C.Visithisneighbor.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?A.Newemployees.B.Departmentdirectors.C.Somevisitors.18.Whatcomesfirstinthespeaker’sopinion?A.Fullknowledgeabouttheproducts.B.Theinterpersonalrelationship.C.Agoodplanforthefuture.19.Whichactivityisarrangedintheafternoon?A.Gettingtoknowthecustomers.B.Learningthecompanyrules.C.Visitingtheworkshops.20.Whatdoesthespeakeradvisethelistenerstodo?A.Offersomesuggestions.B.Keeplearning.C.Preparesomequestions.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）,阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AViennaConcerts2021Everyday,onetothreedozenViennaconcertsarestaged.YoucanusethischecklisttofindafantasticViennaconcertthatisworthitsmoney.ViennaChamberOrchestraTheViennaChamberOrchestrahasexistedformorethan70years.TheinternationalreputationoftheViennaChamberOrchestraisdocumentedbyworldwidetours.Thelengthis65minutes.Date:20thJuneLocation:Minoritenkirehe,Minoritenplatz1,1010ViennaTickets:30EurosperadultandfreeadmissionforchildrenViennaPhilharmonicOrchestraIn2021,famousconductorGustavoDudamelwillleadtheViennaPhilharmonicOrchestra.Expectanamazingshowwithtopqualityclassicalmusicandfireworks.Theconcertlastsoneandahalfhours.Youhavetoarriveatleast20minutesearlytofindaplacetosit.Date:4thand5thOctoberLocation:SchonbrunnPalace,palacegardens,infrontofNaptunefountain,SchonbrunnerSchlossstrasse47,1130Vienna.Tickets:30Euros（students,childrenandseniorcitizenswillreceivea10%discountperticket）MozartPianoSonatas（奏鸣曲）OnSaturdaysandSundays,theSt.Peter’schurchopensitsbasementtoasmallgroupofMozartfans.Insimplebutelegantsurroundings,internationalpianistsperformMozartpianosonatasonaSteinwaypiano.Theconcertsstartintheearlyeveningandlast90minutes.Date:throughouttheyearLocation:St.Peter’sbasement,Petersplatz1,1010ViennaTickets:29Eurosforadultsand16Eurosforchildrenbetween8and14（childrenbelow8canenterforfree.）Vivaldi:TheFourSeasonsTopointoutVivaldi’sconnectiontoVienna,theItalianviolinistlivedinthecityforsometime,andeventuallydiedthere.Closertowherehewasburied,thechurchSt.CharlesBorromeoregularly,stagesTheFourSeasons,Vivaldi’smainwork.Theconcertsstartat8:15pmonweekendsandlast60minutes.Peoplecanarriveandenteranytimeduringtheperformance.Date:throughouttheyearLocation:ChurchSt.CharlesBorromeo（Karlskirche）,Kreuzherrengase1,1040ViennaTickets:25Eurosforallages（freecancellation24hoursbeforetheevent）1.Foracouplewiththeir10-year-oldchild,whichisthecheapest?A.MozartPianoSonatas.B.ViennaChamberOrchestra.C.Vivaldi:TheFourSeasons.D.ViennaPhilharmonicOrchestra.2.WhatdotheViennaPhilharmonicOrchestraandMozartPianoSonatashaveincommon?A.Theylastoneandahalfhours.B.Theyareheldinclosedsurroundings.C.Theyofferadiscountforstudentsandtheaged.D.Theyaresuitableforpeoplewhopreferpopmusic.3.Whatcanweknowabouttheconcert—TheFourSeasons?A.Itforbidspeopletoenterafter8:15pm.B.ItdescribesVivaldi’sstoriesrelatedtoVienna.C.Itallowsyoutoreturnyourticketforfreeadayinadvance.D.ItwascreatedbytheChurchSt.CharlesBorromeotomemorizeVivaldi.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了维也纳2021四个音乐会的举办的时间、地点和票价情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个音乐会中介绍“Tickets:30Eurosperadultandfreeadmissionforchildren(门票：人30欧元，儿童免费入场)”和其他音乐会的价格进行比较可知，一对夫妻和他们十岁的孩子，只需要花费60欧元。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个音乐会“Theconcertlastsoneandahalfhours.(音乐会持续一个半小时。)”和第三个音乐会“Theconcertsstartintheearlyeveningandlast90minutes.(音乐会在傍晚开始，持续90分钟。)”可知，这两个音乐会每次持续的时间都是九十分钟。故选A。,【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一个音乐会介绍中的“25Eurosforallages（freecancellation24hoursbeforetheevent）(所有年龄25欧元(活动前24小时免费取消))”可知，该音乐会可以在二十四小时之内退款。故选C。BAmaverickdescribesapersonwhothinksindependently.Amaverickrefusestofollowthecustomsorrulesofagrouptowhichheorshebelongs.IntheUS,amaverickisoftenadmiredforhisorherfreespirit,althoughotherswhobelongtothemaverick’sgroupmaynotlikethemaverick’sindependentways.Butwheredidtheword“maverick”comefrom?Earlyinthe1800s,amannamedSamuelAugustusMavericksettleddowninTexas,whichwasaplaceofwide-openland,richsoil,cattleranches(牛场)andcowboys.Astheyearspassed,Mr.Maverickincreasedhisproperty(财产)inTexas.Beforelong,heownedhugepiecesoflandthatweregoodforraisingcattle.Buthehadnocattle.Hewasn’tarancher.Oneday,amancametoSamuelMavericktopayhimanolddebt.Butthemandidn’thaveenoughmoney.SoheofferedMr.Maverick400headofcattle.Mr.Maverickacceptedthem,buthedidn’treallywantthem.Hesimplyputthecattleonhislandtoeatandcareforthemselves.Itwasnotlongbeforethecowsreproduced(繁殖).Thecalvesgrewandhadmorecalves.Soon,hundredsofcowsandcalvesmovedfreelyacrossSamuelMaverick’sland.Theyalsomovedacrossthelandofnearbyranchowners.ItwasatraditionamongranchersintheWesttoputamarkofownershiponnewborncalves.Theyburnedthenameoftheirranchintotheanimal’sskinwithahotiron.Theironmadeaclearmarkcalleda“brand”.Brandsallowedrancherstoeasilyseewhoownedwhichcattle.SamuelMaverickrefusedtobrandhiscalves.“WhyshouldI?”heasked.Ifalltheothercattleownersbrandedtheirs,thenthosewithoutabrandbelongedtohim.Andthisishowtheword“maverick”enteredtheAmericanlanguage.Itmeantacalfwithoutabrand.Astimepassed,theword“maverick”tookonawidermeaning.Itcametomeanapersonwhowastooindependenttofollowevenhisorherowngroup.4WhydidthemangiveSamuelMaverick400headofcattle?,A.Togetsomemoney.B.Toreturnwhatheowedhim.C.Tobuysomeofhisland.D.Toaskhimtoraisethem.5.Howcouldtherancherseasilyknowwhothecattlebelongedto?A.Throughthebrandonthecattle.B.Throughthenameofthecattle.C.Throughtheappearanceofthecattle.D.Throughthelandonwhichthecattlestayed.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutSamuelAugustusMaverickfromthetext?A.HewasborninTexas.B.Hetookgoodcareofallhiscattle.C.Hedidn’treallywanttoacceptthecattle.D.HefollowedthetraditionofranchersintheWest.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howtobecomeanindependentthinker.B.“Maverick”meansacalfwithoutabrand.C.ThelifestoryofSamuelAugustusMaverick.D.Howtheword“maverick”gotintoAmericanEnglish.【答案】4.B5.A6.C7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了“maverick”这个单词是如何进入美国英语词汇的，它的来源和其含义的演变情况。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中第一句话“Oneday，amancametoSamuelMavericktopayhimanolddebt.SoheofferedMr.Maverick400headofcattle.”（一天，一个人来找塞缪尔·马弗里克，要他偿还一笔旧债）可知那个人给SamuelMaverick四百头牛是用于还债的。故选B。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中的第二、三、四句话“Theyburnedthenameoftheirranchintotheanimal'sskinwithahotiron.Theironmadeaclearmarkcalleda‘brand’.Brandsallowedrancherstoeasilyseewhoownedwhichcattle.”（他们用热熨斗把他们农场的名字烙在动物的皮肤上。熨斗上有一个清晰的标记，叫做“品牌”。品牌让牧场主很容易看到谁拥有哪头牛）可知，用烙铁给牛打上烙印是为了区分牛归属何人。故选A。【6题详解】,细节理解题。根据第四段中的第二、三、四句话“Butthemandidn'thaveenoughmoney.SoheofferedMr.Maverick400headofcattle.Mr.Maverickacceptedthem,buthedidn'treallywantthem.”（但是这个人没有足够的钱。所以他给了马弗里克400头牛。Maverick先生接受了他们，但他并不真正想要它们）可知，Mr.Maverick并不愿意接受这些牛。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文，如第二段“Butwheredidtheword“maverick”comefrom?（但是maverick来自哪里呢？）”和最后一段中的第三、四句话“Astimepassed,theword‘maverick’tookonawidermeaning.Itcametomeanapersonwhowastooindependenttofollowevenhisorherowngroup”（随着时间的推移，“特立独行”一词有了更广泛的含义。这意味着一个人太过独立，甚至连自己的团队都无法跟随）可知，本文主要叙述“maverick”如何进入美国英语的。故D。【点睛】细节理解题属直接解答性问题，是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低难度的送分题。但由于考试所占的比例很大，应特别引起注意。本类试题主要考查我们对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能力。问题包括询问人(who)、物(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(cause)、结果(effect)、文中的数据(data)等。注意以下两点：一、对应性正确答案应与文中的细节一一对应，即，找到对应点。二、准确性此类题更多地倾向于将题目中的信息与原文有关细节信息进行语义上的转换，在转换过程中，做题时易犯的错误是未注意到转换的准确性，常常将细节信息中的范围、程度、语义色彩等改变，从而导致错误。CEarthquakecandisruptwhales’huntingforfoodforuptoayearaccordingtoanewstudy.OnNovember14,2016,theKaikouraearthquakestruckNewZealand’sSouthIsland,causingadestructivetsunami.Underthesurface,theearthquakecausedstrongcurrentsthatsweptawayandmostlykilledoffdiverseecosystemsofcreatureslivingalongtheKaikouraunderwatercanyon.Asaresult,whaleshadtodivedeeperandlongertofindfood—“amajorshift”intheirbehavior,saysco-authorLizSlooten,amarinebiologistattheUniversityofOtagoinNewZealand.Theimpactearthquakeshaveonlandanimalshasbeenwelldocumented,butscientistsknowrelativelylittleaboutwhathappensunderwater.Suchresearchisimportantforgovernmentagencies,whichmayneedtotakerecentearthquakesintoconsiderationwhenconsideringfishingquotas,（限额）,notesRochelleConstantine,amarinemammalecologistattheUniversityofAuckland.Thecanyon’supperreachesarerichincreatures,supplyingfoodforthefishthatmakeupthewhales’diet.Sowhenthesesmallerlifeformswerewashedaway,ithad“severeconsequencesforthecommunityaroundthere”,saysstudyco-authorWillRayment.“Thateffectflowedallthewaythroughthefoodchain.”Aspartoftheirongoingstudy,thescientistsweretracking42individualwhales.Aftertheearthquake,inall,theteammanagedtorecorddataon40whales,showingthattheabundanceofwhalesinthegeneralareadidn’tchangeaftertheearthquake.However,thewhaleschangedhowtheyusedtheirhabitat.Ayearaftertheearthquake,theresearchersobservedthewhalesreturningtotheirprevioussurface-breathingintervals.Thiscouldhavebeenbecausethecommunitiesofanimalsthatmakeupthewhales’foodbegantorecover.“Itgivesyouanideaofhowresilient（有复原力的）thesedeep-seacommunitiesare,”saysRayment.Butheandhiscolleagueswillcontinuelong-termmonitoringtoseeifthereareeffectstheymissed.Whaleactivityintheareahadalreadybeendeclining,thoughit’sunknownwhetheritisduetonaturalchangesinfoodabundance,whale-watchingtourism,fishing,orwarmingoceantemperatures.“ThereissomethinggoingoninKaikoura,”saysRayment.8.WhathappenedaftertheKaikouraearthquakeintheKaikouracanyon?A.Severaldestructivetsunamisstruckthearea.B.Whaleshadtoswimtootheroceanstofindfood.C.NearlyallmarinecreaturesinKaikourawerekilledoff.D.Strongcurrentswashedawaymanysmallercreatures.9.Whichisoneofthefindingsofthestudy?A.Earthquakescanmakeiteasierforwhalestofindfood.B.Thewhaleschangedtheirhabitataftertheearthquake.C.Itusuallytakeswhalesayeartoadapttotheirnewdiet.D.Thenumberofwhalesintheareadroppedsharplyafterthequake.10.WhatdoesRochelleConstantinethinkofthestudy?A.Itcanhelpgovernmentagenciestomakesomedecisionsaboutfishing.B.Itcanhelpgovernmentagenciestosolveproblemsinthefishingindustry.,C.Itisabreakthroughinresearchonwhathappensunderwaterafteranearthquake.D.Itoffersadetaileddescriptionoftheimpactearthquakehaveonmarinemammals.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.SomethingisaffectingthewhaleactivityinKaikoura.B.Fishingquotashavebeenincreasinginrecentyears.C.Theteammissedsomeeffectsintheresearchprocess.D.Thescientistswillcontinuestudyingearthquakes.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明地震引起的强海流冲走或者毁灭Kaikoura水下峡谷里的浮游生物，迫使生活在该水域的鲸鱼为了觅食不得不改变它们的栖息地。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Underthesurface,theearthquakecausedstrongcurrentsthatsweptawayandmostlykilledoffdiverseecosystemsofcreatureslivingalongtheKaikouraunderwatercanyon.(在地表下，地震造成了强烈的水流，冲走并摧毁了凯库拉水下峡谷沿线的各种生物生态系统。)”可知，该地震造成的强流冲走了许多小的生物。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段中的“However,thewhaleschangedhowtheyusedtheirhabitat.(然而，鲸鱼改变了它们使用栖息地的方式。)”可知，该地震后鲸鱼改变了它们的栖息地。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Suchresearchisimportantforgovernmentagencies,whichmayneedtotakerecentearthquakesintoconsiderationwhenconsideringfishingquotas（限额）(这样的研究对政府机构来说很重要，政府机构在考虑捕捞配额时可能需要考虑最近的地震)”可知，该研究结果能够有助于政府部门对海上捕鱼作出一些决定。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“ThereissomethinggoingoninKaikoura(凯库拉发生了一些事)”结合该段前面的说明，可知有潜在的某东西影响着鲸鱼在该水域的活动。故选A。DTheCOVID-19vaccination（接种疫苗）rateintheUShasfallentonewlowsinrecentweeks,threateningPresidentJoeBiden’sgoalofhaving70percentofAmericanadultswithatleastoneshot,byJuly4.WithjustlessthanonemonthfromJuly4,thecurrentvaccinationratewillputtheUSatsomewherebetween67percentand68percentoftheadultpopulationwithatleastonedose（剂量）byIndependenceDay.Toreach70percentbyJuly4,around1.6percentofthepopulationneedstogettheirfirstdoseperweekfromnowuntilJuly4.TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention（CDC）reportedlastweekthat63percentofadultshadreceivedtheirfirstdoseofaCOVID-19vaccine.Thatwasupslightlyfrom62percentfromthereportaweekbefore.Theadditional1percentofadultscompletingtheirfirstdoseisthelowestsincetheCDCstartedtrackingthevaccinationrateinmid-February.Onaverage,fewerthan1millionshotsaregivenoutperday,adeclineofmorethantwo-thirdsfromthepeakof3.4millioninApril,TheWashingtonPostreported.InSouthCarolina,about71,000residentsgotashotintheweekleadinguptoJune3,comparedtoahighofnearly300,000inoneweekinearlyApril,accordingtodatafromtheCDC.TheslowdownismoreprominentacrosstheSouthandMidwest.Twelvestateshaveseenvaccinationsfallto15dailyshotsper10,000residents.LessthanaquarterofblackAmericanshadreceivedtheirfirstCOVID-19shotasofJune7.JamesHildreth,CEOofMeharryMedicalCollege,toldPolitico,“Weneedtomakeastrongerefforttobringthevaccinetothecommunities,ratherthanrelyingonthecommunitiestocometovaccinationcenters.”Thesharpdeclineinvaccinationbeganinmid-AprilwhenfederalofficialstemporarilystoppedtheuseoftheJohnson＆Johnsonvaccinewhiletheyinvestigatedrareblood-clotting（凝血）reactions.The“low-hangingfruit—thosepeoplewhoabsolutelywanttogetvaccinatedwithoutyoutellingthemanything”havealreadybeenvaccinated,whichhasledtotheslowdown,DrAnthonyFauci,directoroftheNationalInstituteofAllergyandInfectiousDiseases,saidonaWhiteHouse-organizedcallwithcommunityleaderslastweek,accordingtothePost.12.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.DrAnthonyFauciisinchargeoftheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.B.InSouthCarolina,about300,000residentsgotashotintheweekleadinguptoJune3C.Inmid-AprilfederalofficialstemporarilysuspendedtheJohnson＆Johnsonvaccine.,D.LessthanonefourthofAmericanshadreceivedtheirfirstCOVID-19shotbyJune7.13.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“prominent”inPara.5?A.Meaningful.B.Obvious.C.Inspiring.D.Complex.14.HowcanAmericaincreasetheCOVID-19vaccinationrateaccordingtoJamesHildreth?A.Bygivingthevaccineshotatthecommunities.B.Byofferingthevaccinetothepublicforfree.C.Byfrequentlyinformingthepublicofthevaccine.D.Byurgingthecommunitiestocometovaccinationcenters.15Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Bidenwishestohave70%ofadultswithoneshotbyJuly4B.CDChasbeentrackingthevaccinationratesincemid-FebruaryC.SomeAmericansneedtogetvaccinatedwithouttellingthemtoD.Biden’sJuly4thvaccinegoalmaybemissed【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了拜登对于新冠疫苗全民接种的目标到七月四日难以实现的情况。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Thesharpdeclineinvaccinationbeganinmid-AprilwhenfederalofficialstemporarilystoppedtheuseoftheJohnson＆Johnsonvaccinewhiletheyinvestigatedrareblood-clotting（凝血）reactions.”（疫苗接种率的急剧下降始于4月中旬，当时联邦官员在调查罕见的凝血反应时暂时停止了强生疫苗的使用。）由此可知，4月中旬，联邦官员暂时中止了强生公司的疫苗接种。故选C项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Twelvestateshaveseenvaccinationsfallto15dailyshotsper10,000residents;Alabamahadjustfourpeopleper10,000residentsgetvaccinatedlastweek”（十二个州的疫苗接种率已经下降到每10000居民每天注射15次剂;阿拉巴马州上周每10000居民只有4人接种疫苗）可知，南部和中西部地区的下降率更为明显，所以划线词是“突出的，显著的”意思。故选B项。,【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Weneedtomakeastrongerefforttobringthevaccinetothecommunities,ratherthanrelyingonthecommunitiestocometovaccinationcenters”（我们需要做出更大的努力，将疫苗带到社区，而不是依赖社区将接种人员带到接种中心）可知通过到社区注射疫苗可以提高注射率。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文尤其是第一段中的“TheCOVID-19vaccinationrateintheUShasfallentonewlowsinrecentweeks,threateningPresidentJoeBiden'sgoalofhaving70percentofAmericanadultswithatleastoneshotbyJuly4”（最近几周，美国COVID-19疫苗接种率降至新低，威胁到乔·拜登总统的目标，即在7月4日之前让70%的美国成年人至少接种一次疫苗）可知，短文的最佳标题为“拜登七月四日注射疫苗目标可能落空”。故选D项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Aroundtheworld,peopleareleavingtheirsmalltownsandvillagesforbigcities.___16___Howcanwemakeourcitesmorelivableforsomanypeople?___17___Thesecitieswilluse5Gnetworksandthe“internetofthings（IoT）”tomakeeverydaylifemoreconvenientandsafer.PlaceslikeBostonandSanDiego,intheUnitedStates,andAmsterdam,intheNetherlands,areusingsmarttechnologytoimprovecitylife.___18___SanDiego,meanwhile,usessensor-packedstreetlightswhichcantrackactivitiesaroundthem,whilealsomonitoringtemperature,humidity（湿度）andothercharacteristicsoftheair.InAmsterdam,trafficflowandenergyusagearemonitoredandadjustedusingreal-timedatagatheredfromsensorsaroundthecity.Smartcitieswillbeinteractive,allowingpeopletofeellikethey’reshapingtheirenvironment,insteadofjustexistinginit.“Oneofthemostimportantreasonstohaveasmartcityisthatwecanactuallycommunicatewithourenvironmentinawaythatweneverhaveinthepast,”MrinaliniIngram,headofthe“SmartCity”initiative（倡议）attelecomcompanyVerizon,toldTechRepublic.___19___Byusingsensorsand5Gnetworkstomonitorwaterandelectricityuse,citymanagerscanfigureouthowtobetterdistributeandsavetheseresources.Ofcourse,itwilltaketimeandmoneytoturnourcurrentcitiesintothesmartonesofthefuture.,___20___China,forexample,isinvestinginsomecitiestomakethemsmarter.Itwon’tbelonguntilevenmorecitiesstarttodeveloptheirownsmartinfrastructure（基础设施）.A.Smartcitieswillalsoallowustosaveresources.B.Theanswerliesinusingtechnologytocreatesmartcities.C.Theansweristhatourlifeisfullofwisdom,skillsandtechnology.D.Over60percentoftheworld’spopulationisexpectedtoliveincitiesby2050.E.Asmartcityneedsnetworks,communicationequipmentandinformationresources.F.Butaswe’vealreadyseen,placesaroundtheworldareusingsmarttechnologyinsmallways.G.InBostonsmarttrashcanscaninformcleaningworkerswhentheyarefullandneedtobeemptied.【答案】16.D17.B18.G19.A20.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了通过网络建设智能城市，智能城市的一些特征和与人互动的情况。【16题详解】根据前面一句“Aroundtheworld,peopleareleavingtheirsmalltownsandvillagesforbigcities.”（在世界各地，人们正离开自己的小城镇和村庄，前往大城市。）提到世界上人们正离开小城镇和村庄到大城市去，而该句用具体数字说明了这一点。D项“预计到2050年，全球60%以上的人口将居住在城市。”故选D。【17题详解】根据上面一句“Howcanwemakeourcitesmorelivableforsomanypeople?”（我们如何才能使我们的城市更适合这么多人居住？）是一个问句，B项“答案在于利用科技创造智慧城市。”，该句子正好回答了相关的问题，故选B。【18题详解】空格后“SanDiego,meanwhile,usessensor-packedstreetlightswhichcantrackactivitiesaroundthem,whilealsomonitoringtemperature,humidity（湿度）andothercharacteristicsoftheair.InAmsterdam,trafficflowandenergyusagearemonitoredandadjustedusingreal-timedatagatheredfromsensorsaroundthecity.”（与此同时，圣地亚哥使用装有传感器的路灯，可以跟踪周围的活动，同时监测温度、湿度(湿度）在阿姆斯特丹，交通流量和能源使用通过从城市周围传感器收集的实时数据进行监测和调整。）根据该段举出了几个智能城市的情况，可知说明Boston某些智能系统运用情况。G,项“在波士顿，智能垃圾桶可以在装满垃圾需要清空时通知清洁工人。”故选G。【19题详解】空格后“Byusingsensorsand5Gnetworkstomonitorwaterandelectricityuse,citymanagerscanfigureouthowtobetterdistributeandsavetheseresources.”（通过使用传感器和5G网络监控水和电的使用，城市管理者可以找出如何更好地分配和节约这些资源。），可知该段涉及监测水电使用和节约资源情况。A项“智慧城市也将让我们节约资源。”符合题意。故选A。【20题详解】空格前一句“Ofcourse,itwilltaketimeandmoneytoturnourcurrentcitiesintothesmartonesofthefuture.”（当然，将我们现有的城市转变为未来的智能城市需要时间和金钱。）说明转化为智能城市需要时间和资金的情况，而答案句子应该是转折句，F项“但正如我们已经看到的，世界各地都在小规模地使用智能技术。”符合题意。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IfirstheardaboutseveralcasesofcoronavirusinJanuary,2020.ButIdidnot___21___theoutbreaktohavesuchasuddenandpowerfuleffectontherestoftheworld.InMarch,towardstheendofwinterquarter,itwas___22___thatwewouldtakeallthefinalsonline.Itwasunexpected,andalluniversityteachersandstudentswere___23___.Duetothecoronaviruspandemic,ourUniversityofCaliforniaatSanDiego（UCSD）student-runfreedentalclinicsareclosed___24___,andmostresearchlaboratoriesareonlyopenfor____25____personnel.Thus,Ihavehadalotmoresparetimethanbefore,___26___mostoftheeventshavebeenswitchedtobeheldonline.To___27___time,Ilearnedtofollow___28___tomakedifferentdishes.Theperiodofquarantine（隔离）hasbecomeatimewhenIcanlearnsomenewlife___29___.Besidescooking,Ihavebeen___30___anewhobby—playingpuzzles.Atfirst,solvingapuzzlewasjustawayformeto___31___endurance（忍耐性）andpatience.ThenIrealizedthatIlearnedmuchmorethanthat.WhenI___32___1,000piecesofapuzzleonthetable,I___33___notbuyingasimplerone.IsuddenlyrealizedhowimpatientIwasthatIcouldn’tevenfocusonsuchasimplertask.Electronicdeviceshavebeentrainingmetoconstantlystareatablinking（闪烁）screenand,___34___whatIwasdoing.Idecidedtosolveapuzzlewhile___35___devicesforseveralhours,andenjoyonesimpletasklikealittlechild.WhenIstartedtolookfordifferentpiecestoseeiftheycouldfitinalarger___36___,Istartedtolookforshortcuts.Itriedtocollectpuzzleswithsimilarpatternsorcolorsand___37___theiredges.Duringthistime,Islowlyforgotallthemadnessand___38___ofquarantinelife.EverytimeIgotonepieceintherightplace,Iwas___39___awardedbysuchasmallsuccessandmotivatedtokeepontrying.Itwassurprisingandunexpectedformetoreceivesomuch___40___fromfocusingonsolvingpuzzles.21.A.encourageB.expectC.requireD.remind22.A.announcedB.promisedC.hopedD.discovered23.A.unhappyB.unfortunateC.uninterestedD.unprepared24.A.occasionallyB.formallyC.temporarilyD.gradually25.A.devotedB.eagerC.excellentD.limited26.A.unlessB.beforeC.sinceD.though27.A.treasureB.killC.wasteD.save28.A.schedulesB.ordersC.targetsD.recipes29.A.secretsB.tracksC.skillsD.lessons30.A.exploringB.spreadingC.reviewingD.doubting31.A.supportB.practiseC.recommendD.appreciate32.A.brokeupB.handedinC.pouredoutD.putaway33.A.imaginedB.permittedC.advisedD.regretted34.A.forgetB.guessC.rememberD.emphasize35.A.puttingupwithB.stayingawayfromC.watchingoutforD.takingcontrolof36.A.basketB.posterC.pictureD.board37.A.touchB.removeC.drawD.compare38.A.dangerB.boredomC.excitementD.amazement,39.A.mentallyB.physicallyC.strangelyD.passively40.A.troubleB.joyfulnessC.responsibilityD.praise【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.D26.C27.B28.D29.C30.A31.B32.C33.D34.A35.B36.C37.D38.B39.A40.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。本文叙述了作者由于处于新冠肺炎的流行隔离期，她学习了一些诸如烹调等新的生活技巧。本文主要是作者探索了新的嗜好即玩拼图的情况。拼图锻炼了作者的忍耐性和耐心，同时也需要智慧和技巧。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我没想到这次疫情会对世界其他地区产生如此突然和强大的影响。A.encourage鼓励；B.expect期待，料想；C.require要求；D.remind提醒。根据后文“theoutbreaktohavesuchasuddenandpowerfuleffectontherestoftheworld”可知，作者没有预料（expect）这流行病的爆发会对世界上其他地方产生如此突然而又巨大的影响。故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三月，临近冬季季末，我们宣布所有的期末考试都将在网上进行。A.announced宣布；B.promised承诺；C.hoped希望；D.discovered发现。根据后文“thatwewouldtakeallthefinalsonline”可知指宣布（announced）我们将在网上进行期末考试。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是出乎意料的，所有的大学老师和学生都没有做好准备。A.unhappy不开心的；B.unfortunate不幸的；C.uninterested不感兴趣的；D.unprepared无准备的。结合上文“Itwasunexpected”这一举措出乎意料，因为所有大学教职工和学生都没有做好准备（unprepared）。故选D。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：由于冠状病毒大流行，我们的加州大学圣地亚哥分校学生开办的免费牙科诊所暂时关闭，大多数研究实验室只对有限的人员开放。A.occasionally偶尔；B.formally正式地；C.temporarily暂时地；D.gradually逐渐地。根据上文“Duetothecoronaviruspandemic”可知，因为疫情，由学生经营的免费的牙科诊所暂时（temporarily）关闭了。故选C。,【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于冠状病毒大流行，我们的加州大学圣地亚哥分校学生开办的免费牙科诊所暂时关闭，大多数研究实验室只对有限的人员开放。A.devoted投入的；B.eager热切地；C.excellent卓越的；D.limited有限的。结合常识可知由于疫情，大多数研究实验室也仅仅对有限的（limited）人员开放。故选D。【26题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：因此，我比以前有了更多的空闲时间，因为大多数活动都改在网上举行了。A.unless除非；B.before在……之前；C.since自从，因为；D.though虽然。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用since。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了消磨时间，我学着按照食谱做不同的菜。A.treasure珍爱；B.kill杀死；C.waste浪费；D.save拯救。根据后文“time”可知指为了消磨（kill）时光，作者跟着菜谱学习制作不同的菜肴。故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了消磨时间，我学着按照食谱做不同的菜。A.schedules时间表；B.orders订单；C.targets目标；D.recipes食谱。结合后文“tomakedifferentdishes”可知作者为了消磨时光，跟着菜谱（recipes）学习制作不同的菜肴。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：隔离期已经成为我可以学习一些新的生活技能的时间。A.secrets秘密；B.tracks轨道；C.skills技能；D.lessons课程。根据上文提到作者学习做菜可知，隔离期间已经变成了作者学习一些新的生活技能（skills）的时间。故选C。【30题详解】，考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了烹饪，我一直在探索一个新的爱好——玩谜题。A.exploring探索；B.spreading传播；C.reviewing回顾；D.doubting怀疑。结合后文“anewhobby—playingpuzzles”指探索了（exploring）一项新的嗜好——玩拼图游戏。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，解谜对我来说只是锻炼耐力和耐心的一种方式。A.support支持；B.practise练习；C.recommend推荐；D.appreciate欣赏。根据后文“enduranceandpatience”可知作者完成拼图仅仅是练习（practise）忍耐性和耐心的一种方式。故选B。【32题详解】,考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我把1000个拼图倒在桌子上时，我后悔没有买一个更简单的。A.brokeup打破；B.handedin递上；C.pouredout诉说，倾倒；D.putaway放好。根据后文“1,000piecesofapuzzleonthetable”指把拼图倒在桌子上。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我把1000个拼图倒在桌子上时，我后悔没有买一个更简单的。A.imagined想象；B.permitted允许；C.advised建议；D.regretted后悔。根据后文“notbuyingasimplerone”可知作者后悔（regretted）没有买比较简单的一个，1000个零件太多了。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：电子设备训练我不断地盯着一个闪烁的屏幕，忘记我在做什么。A.forget忘记；B.guess猜测；C.remember记得；D.emphasize强调。结合后文“enjoyonesimpletasklikealittlechild.”可知，长时间看着电子设备，让作者忘记（forget）在做的事情。故选A。【35题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决定在远离电子设备几个小时的时间里解决一个难题，并像小孩子一样享受一项简单的任务。A.puttingupwith忍受；B.stayingawayfrom远离；C.watchingoutfor注意；D.takingcontrolof控制。根据后文“devicesforseveralhours,andenjoyonesimpletasklikealittlechild”可知作者决定避开（stayingawayfrom）电子设备几个小时去拼图。故选B。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我开始寻找不同的拼图片，看看它们是否能放进一张更大的图片里时，我开始寻找捷径。A.basket篮子；B.poster海报；C.picture图片；D.board木板。结合常识和上文“WhenIstartedtolookfordifferentpiecestoseeiftheycouldfitinalarger”可知作者开始看着不同的拼图块看是否能把它们拼在一个大的图片（picture）里。故选C。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试着收集有相似图案或颜色的拼图，并比较出它们的边缘。A.touch触碰；B.remove去除；C.draw画；D.compare比较。结合常识和上文“Itriedtocollectpuzzleswithsimilarpatternsorcolorsand”可知作者尝试着收集有相似图案或者颜色的拼图并比较（compare）它们的边缘。故选D。【38题详解】,考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这段时间里，我慢慢忘记了所有隔离生活的疯狂和无聊。A.danger危险；B.boredom无聊，厌倦；C.excitement激动；D.amazement惊异。结合上文“Islowlyforgotallthemadnessand”指慢慢忘记所有隔离生活的疯狂和无聊。故选B。【39题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：每次我把一件东西放在正确的地方，小小的成功就会给我精神上的奖励，激励我继续努力。A.mentally心理地；B.physically身体上地；C.strangely奇怪地；D.passively被动地。根据后文“awardedbysuchasmallsuccessandmotivatedtokeepontrying”可知每次把一块放在正确的位置，作者在精神上（mentally）被这小的成功所奖励。故选A。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，从专注于解决谜题中获得如此多的乐趣是令人惊讶和意外的。A.trouble麻烦；B.joyfulness快乐；C.responsibility责任；D.praise赞美。结合上文可知，全神贯注拼图让作者得到那么多快乐（joyfulness）是令人惊讶和意想不到的。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AsthebusdroveacrossSydneyHarborBridge,thecity’sfamousSydneyOperaHouse___41___（come）intosight.Whiteasapearl,asifnumerousseashellslinedtheshores,thegreatbuildingseemedtobloomlikeagracefullotus（荷花）.Theskyabovematched___42___（it）beauty.TheironstructureofSydneyBridgelookedlikeagiant’sarm,embracingtheoperahouse,crowningitthejewelofthesea.Theboat-rideafterwardswas___43___（extreme）amazingaswell.Platesoffood,drinksandvariousdessertsprovidedafeastfit___44___aking.Theboatthattransportedpassengersglidedthroughthewater,___45___（send）ribbonsofwavesandgentleripples（涟漪）throughthesea.Thequietharbor’smixofhills,housesandbeautifulshipsgavetheairapleasantharmony.TheUniversityofSydneywasanotherharbour.Itwastheplace___46___thefamousHarryPotterserieswasshot.Thetoweringancientbuildings,withtheirfantasticcarvings,gaveme___47___magicalfeelingintheafternoonsun.Theirbeautywasmatchedonlybytheblossomingrosesontheground,makingtheuniversityquite___48___（enjoy）forstudying.Another___49___（attract）wasBondiBeach.Thewhitesandwasmadesmoothbythewaves.Thebluesea-linewasmetwithon-goingwaves,bluewater,clearskiesandlaughingpeople.Ihadmyslippers____50____（put）on,soIwalkeddownintotheshallowstofeelthesandand,waterflowovermyfeet.Asthebrightsuncastmyshadowuponthesand,Irealizedthatthisunforgettablelandhadmadeadeepimpressiononmyheart.【答案】41.came42.its43.extremely44.for45.sending46.where47.a48.enjoyable49.attraction50.put【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在悉尼海边观赏游览的所见所闻所感。【41题详解】考查动词时态。句意：当巴士驶过悉尼海港大桥时，这座城市著名的悉尼歌剧院映入眼帘。根据前面的“drove”，可知发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填came。【42题详解】考查代词。句意：悉尼大桥的铁结构就像一个巨人的手臂，拥抱着悉尼歌剧院，使它成为海上的明珠。形容词性物主代词修饰后面的名词“beauty”。故填its。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：之后的划船活动也非常棒。此处是副词修饰后面的形容词“amazing”。故填extremely。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：一盘盘的食物、饮料和各种甜点构成了一场国王般的盛宴。根据短语befitforsb（适合某人）可知应该填介词for。故填for。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：载着乘客的小船在水中滑行，在海面上荡起阵阵涟漪。boat与send之间是主动关系，用现在分词短语作状语，故填sending。【46题详解】考查定语从句。句意：著名的《哈利波特》系列电影就是在这里拍摄的。关系词指代先行词place并在从句中作地点状语。故填where。,【47题详解】考查冠词。句意：在午后的阳光下，高耸的古建筑和它们奇异的雕刻给了我一种神奇的感觉。根据feeling是可数名词，此处泛指“一种神奇的感觉”，且形容词magical发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。【48题详解】考查形容词。句意：它们的美丽只有地上盛开的玫瑰能与之相媲美，这使得大学的学习十分愉快。此处是形容词作宾语补足语。故填enjoyable。【49题详解】考查名词。句意：另一个吸引人的地方是邦迪海滩。根据前面another以及该词作主语可知应该用可数名词单数。故填attraction。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我穿上了拖鞋，走到浅滩里，感受沙子和水从我的脚上流过。根据slippers与put之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词。此处是过去分词作宾语补足语。故填put。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Youre-mailreachedmeyesterday,andIfeelgreatlyhonoredtosharemyseniorlifewithyou.Tobeginwith,asaseniorstudent,lifeismeaningfullyduetothegoalthatistosucceedintheCollegeEntranceExamination.Apartofstudy,Ioftenplayfootballwithmyfriendsattheweekend.Takeexercisecanmakemefeelrelaxed,whatcanrefreshmymind.Whatimpressesmyselfmostisthefriendshipformedintheperiod.Knowingmealotandwitnessingallofmyemotions,andfriendsinhighschoolaremybestone.I’meagerbeadmittedintoawell-knownuniversitynextyear.Thus,Iworkedveryhardforit,andImustlearnasmanyasIcantoachievemygoal.,【答案】1.meaningfully→meaningful2.of→from3.Take→Taking4.what→which5.myself→me6.去掉and7.one→ones8.eager后接to9.worked→work10.many→much【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。短文中作者与来信者分享了自己的高三生活。【详解】1.考查形容词。句意：首先，作为一名高三的学生，生活是有意义的，因为目标是在高考中成功。形容词meaningful作表语。故meaningfully改为meaningful。2.考查固定短语。句意：除了学习，我经常在周末和我的朋友踢足球。apartfrom“除了”为固定短语。故of改为from。3.考查动名词。句意：锻炼可以使我感到放松，这可以使我头脑清醒。本句为动名词作主语。故Take改为Taking。4.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：锻炼可以使我感到放松，这可以使我头脑清醒。引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，指代整个主句内容，关系代词为which。故what改为which。5.考查代词。句意：给我印象最深的是那段时期的友谊。impress后接人称代词宾格作宾语。故myself改为me。6.考查连词。句意：高中同学很了解我，见证了我所有的情绪，高中的朋友是我最好的朋友。分析句子可知，本句只有一个谓语，而Knowingmealotandwitnessingallofmyemotions为现在分词作状语。所以本句不是并列句，and多余。故去掉and。7.考查代词。句意：高中同学很了解我，见证了我所有的情绪，高中的朋友是我最好的朋友。根据“friends”可知，本句用ones代指friends。故one改为ones。8.考查动词不定式。句意：我渴望明年能被一所知名大学录取。beeagertodosth“渴望做某事”。故eager后接to。,9.考查时态。句意：因此，我非常努力地工作，我必须尽可能多学，以达到我的目标。本句在陈述现在的情况，用一般现在时。故worked改为work。10.考查固定搭配。句意：因此，我非常努力地工作，我必须尽可能多学，以达到我的目标。asmuchas表示程度，asmanyas表示“数目”上的比较（多达......）。根据句意可知，本句应asmuchas表示程度，而非表示数量。故many改为much。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是学生会主席李华，你所在的城市刚发布了《电动自行车安全管理条例》。请你代表学生会写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们在骑电动自行车时佩戴头盔。内容包括：1.骑行者缺乏安全意识；2.说明佩戴头盔的好处；3.呼吁同学们在骑电动车时佩戴头盔。注意：1.词数100左右，可以适当增加细节，行文连贯；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dearfellowstudents,Aregulationhasbeenissuedrecentlythatallcitizensshallwearahelmetwhileridinganelectricbicycle._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyou!TheStudentUnion【答案】Dearfellowstudents,Aregulationhasbeenissuedrecentlythatallcitizensshallwearahelmetwhileridinganelectricbicycle.Itisasadbutcommonphenomenonthattrafficaccidentshappenfrequently,whichposesagreatthreattopeople'ssafety—thatofelectricbicycleridersinparticular.Asforthepossiblereasons,thelackofsafetyawarenessisamajorone.Therefore,toppriorityshouldbegiventowearinghelmetsifwearetoguaranteethesafetyofourlife.Helmetscanundoubtedlyprotectourheadfrombeingstruckdirectlywhenaccidentshappen,whichcansaveourlife,I'mappealingtoallthestudentsofourschoolwhouseelectricbicyclestoobeytheregulationandmakeeveryefforttoputsafetyinthefirstplacebywearinghelmets.Thankyou!TheStudentUnion【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表学生会写一封倡议书，呼吁同学们在骑电动自行车时佩戴头盔。【详解】词汇积累规章：regulation→rule最近：recently→lately威胁：threat→harm无疑地：undoubtedly=surely2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Asforthepossiblereasons,thelackofsafetyawarenessisamajorone.拓展句：Asforthepossiblereasons,itisthelackofsafetyawarenessthatisamajorone.【点睛】[高分句型1]Aregulationhasbeenissuedrecentlythatallcitizensshallwearahelmetwhileridinganelectricbicycle.(运用了that引导的同位语从句)[高分句型2]Itisasadbutcommonphenomenonthattrafficaccidentshappenfrequently,whichposesagreatthreattopeople'ssafety—thatofelectricbicycleridersinparticular.(运用了that引导的主语从句和which引导的非限定性定语从句)