河南省名校联盟2022届高三英语高考冲刺压轴（一）试题（Word解析版）

2022年全国高考冲刺压轴卷(一)英语注意事项:1.本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatistheman’sfavoriteprogram?A.Sports.B.History.C.Nature.2.Whatwillthemandoforthewoman?A.Callforanambulance.B.Dealwithanaccident.C.Lendhisphonetoher.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofwearingtheseatbelt?A.Unimportant.B.Comfortable.C.Necessary.4.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Excited.B.Scared.C.Amused.5.Whodoesthelaptopbelongto?A.Tom.B.Jack.C.Alice.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howmanystopsaretherebeforethemangetstohisdestination?A.Ten.B.Twelve.C.Fourteen.7.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.OntheGreatWall.B.Inastore.C.Onabus.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatdoesthemanaskforatfirst?\nA.Orangejuice.B.Icecream.C.Friedchicken.9WhatdoesthemansayabouttheFrenchfries?A.Theyarecold.B.Theyaretasty.C.Theyaretoohot.10.Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Oldfriends.B.Husbandandwife.C.Waitressandcustomer.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatdidthemandolastweek?A.Hemadeareservationforaroom.B.Helivedinthehotelfortwodays.C.HetraveledtoSeattlewithhiswife.12.Whatistheman’sroomlike?A.Ithasabarinside.B.Ithastwobaths.C.Ithastwinbeds.13.Whereisthecafeteria?A.Onthesecondfloor.B.Ontheeighthfloor.C.Onthetopfloor.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Toaskfordirections.B.Torecommendahoteltohim.C.Toinvitehimtogosightseeing.15.WhereistheRoyalHotel?A.Nearthefirstcrossing.B.Oppositethepostoffice.C.Atthesecondtrafficlight.16.HowwillthewomangototheRoyalHotel?A.Bytaxi.B.Onfoot.C.Bybus.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdidtheearliestformofthebluesfunctionasamongslaves?A.Timing.B.Communication.C.Rulesforsurvival.18.Whatdidthebluesstartoutwith?A.Humanvoices.B.Musicalinstruments.C.Birds’sounds.19.WhatisBessieSmith?A.Apopularpianist.B.Agreathistorian.C.Afamousbluessinger.20.WhendidBessieSmithpassaway?A.In1894.B.In1937.C.In1980.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAbsolutelyUnputdownableBooksYouHavetoRead\nFlowersforAlgernonDanielKeyesIfyou’reseekingafastread,trythisshortstorybyDanielKeyes.He’llshowyouhowapersonwhoismentallydisabledfeelswhilegoingfromasimplegatekeeperatabakery,whoseIQislessthan60,toagenius(天才)andthemostintelligentpersonontheplanet.Inasituationlikethis,isitpossibletoovercomeyourfearanddealwithloneliness?DanielKeyesoffershisanswertothisquestion.ACertainSmileFrancoiseSaganIfyoudon’tenjoythrillersorsci-fiandstoriesaboutdragon-ridingdetectives,andifyou’relongingforsomethingcomforting,slowandgentle,thisbeautifullittlebookbyFrancoiseSaganisjustwhatyouneed.It’sapleasantexceptionamongtraditionalromancenovels:you’llfindalloftheadvantagesofhigh-qualityliteraturehere.Andyes,it’sarealpage-turner.OrphansoftheSkyRobertA.HeinleinAgiantgenerationshipissailingwithoutguidancethroughthedepthsoftheuniverse.Itspassengershavelongforgottentheoutsideworldandbelievedinapre-technologicalculturemarkedbysuperstition(迷信).ThisnovelbroughtHeinleinwiderecognition,andwillgraspyoutightandwon’tletyougoformonthsorevenyearsafterward.Arewe,thedigitalgeneration,differentfromthepassengersofthatimaginaryspaceship?95PoundsofHopeAnnaGavaldaReferringtoarealperson’sexperiences,thislittlepoeticstoryisaboutthemainthingsinlife;choiceswemake,thepowerofloveanddevotion.Thestoryofathirteen-year-oldboywhoonedayhastogatherallhisstrengthandcourageandtakeasteptowardsadulthoodprovesonceagainthatdreamsdocometrue.Afterall,nomatterhowmanypoundswehave,we’realltryingnottolosehope.1.Whosebooktellsthestoryofamentallydisabledperson?A.DanielKeyes’s.B.AnnaGavalda’s.C.FrancoiseSagan’s.D.RobertA.Heinlein’s.2.WhatkindofbookmightOrphansoftheSkybe?\nAAhistorybook.B.Asciencefiction.C.Adetectivestory.D.Aromancenovel.3.Whatisspecialabout95PoundsofHope?A.Itbringsitsauthorhighpraise.B.Itisjustintendedforadultreaders.C.Itisabouthowtoovercomefear.D.Itisbasedontruelifeexperiences.【1~3题答案】【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本令人爱不释手的书。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据FlowersforAlgernon部分“He’llshowyouhowapersonwhoismentallydisabledfeelswhilegoingfromasimplegatekeeperatabakery,whoseIQislessthan60,toagenius(天才)andthemostintelligentpersonontheplanet.(他将向你展示一个智障人士如何从一个智商低于60的面包房看门人变成一个天才，一个地球上最聪明的人。)”可知，DanielKeyes的书是关于一个智力障碍人士的故事。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据OrphansoftheSky部分“Agiantgenerationshipissailingwithoutguidancethroughthedepthsoftheuniverse.(一艘巨大的世代船在没有向导的情况下航行在宇宙深处。)”可知，本书是讲述一艘太空船行驶在太空深处时发生的故事，再结合后文的“Arewe,thedigitalgeneration,differentfromthepassengersofthatimaginaryspaceship?(我们，数字一代，与想象中的宇宙飞船上的乘客不同吗?)”可推断，这是一部科幻小说。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据95PoundsofHope部分“Referringtoarealperson’sexperiences,thislittlepoeticstoryisaboutthemainthingsinlife;(关于一个真实的人的经历，这个诗意的小故事是关于生活中的主要事情；)”可知，这本书是作者根据真人的真实经历写的，这是它与其他三本书不同的地方。故选D。BSchoolgardeninghasbecomeverypopularduringthecoronavirushealthcrisis,withfamiliesandteacherssayingitshands-onlessonscanbeusedtoteachmanysubjects.Findingthemoneytokeepa\nschoolgardengoingcanbetough.Someexpertsandteachers,however,arefindingcreativewaystomakeitwork.SusanHobartisaretiredteacheratLakeViewElementarySchoolinMadison,Wiscon.Shemanagestheschool’slargegardenwith12raisedbeds.“Schoolgardensareagreatwaytogetstudentsoutsidewithapurpose.Gardeninghelpscalmthestudentsandgivesthemawholedifferentperspective(思维方式)theywouldn’thavejustsittingatdesks,”shesays.Eachspring,theschool’sprogramgetsplantseedlings(秧苗)grownthroughatrainingprogramatanearbyprison.Achurchgroupcomesduringspringbreaktopreparethegardenforthechildren’sreturn.Overthesummer,avolunteertakescareofthegarden.“Ifwehadtobuytheseedlings,they’dcost$3eachandwecouldneveraffordthat,”Hobartsays.“Ifyoutakealookatyourrelationshipsandthecommunityaroundyouandthenallthewidernetworksoutthere,thereareplentyofcreativewaystofindhelp.”TobyAdamsdirectstheNewYorkBotanicalGarden’sEdibleAcademy,whereschoolchildrenlearnaboutgrowingfood.Hesaysthattherehasbeenanotherincreaseininterestinschoolgardenssincethestartofthisyear.Schoolgardenscanteachlessonsinhealth,science,socialstudies,andevenartsclasses.Forschoolswithoutspaceforevenasmallgarden,turningtolocalbotanicalgardensandparkscansometimesbetheanswer.“WearelocatedintheBronx,wheretherearebasicallywall-to-wallsix-storyapartments.There’slimitedspace,andit’shardtofindagoodplacetogather30kids,”saysAdams.Hethinksthatgardensdonothavetotakeupalargeareaoutdoors.“Itcouldbeacontainergardenandthereareallkindsofgardens,”hesays.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph1referto?A.Raisingmoney.B.Ahealthguideline.C.Teachinglessons.D.Schoolgardening.5.WhatdoSusanHobart’swordsinparagraph2suggest?A.Schoolgardeningisbeneficialtostudents.B.Gardensarecommonlyseeninmostschools.C.Studentsshouldthinktwicebeforegardening.D.Managingschoolgardenscostsmuchmoney.6.HowdoesLakeViewElementarySchoolmanageitsgarden?\nA.Byexpandingitscampus.B.Bygettingsocialsupport.C.Byrelyingonstudentsonly.D.Bycollectingmoremoney.7.WhatistheproblemwiththeBronx’sschoolgardening?A.Lackofspace.B.Littleexperience.C.Poormanagement.D.Students’indifference.【4~7题答案】【答案】4.D5.A6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过具体事例介绍了推行校园园艺所面临的问题及其应对方法。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Schoolgardeninghasbecomeverypopular…(校园园艺已经变得很受欢迎)”及“Findingthemoneytokeepaschoolgardengoingcanbetough.(找到资金来维持学校园艺的运转可能很困难)”可知，画线词指代“校园园艺”，即划线词所在句子意为“然而，一些专家和教师正在寻找创造性的方法使校园园艺发挥作用”。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段SusanHobart所说的话“Schoolgardensareagreatwaytogetstudentsoutsidewithapurpose.Gardeninghelpscalmthestudentsandgivesthemawholedifferentperspective(思维方式)theywouldn’thavejustsittingatdesks(创建校园花园是让孩子们去户外的好方法。园艺帮助学生保持镇静，让他们获得一个完全不同的思维方式，这是他们在教室里无法获得的)”推知，SusanHobart的话主要表明校园园艺对学生有益。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Eachspring,theschool’sprogramgetsplantseedlings(秧苗)grownthroughatrainingprogramatanearbyprison.Achurchgroupcomesduringspringbreaktopreparethegardenforthechildren’sreturn.Overthesummer,avolunteertakescareofthegarden.(每年春天，学校的项目都会通过附近监狱的培训项目种植秧苗。一个教会团体在春假期间来为孩子们的归来准备花园。整个夏天，一名志愿者负责照料花园)”及“Ifyoutakealookatyourrelationshipsandthecommunityaroundyouandthenallthewidernetworksoutthere,thereareplentyofcreativewaystofindhelp.(如果你看看你的人际关系和你周围的社区，然后看看所有更广泛的网络，有很多创造性的方法来寻求帮助)”可知，LakeViewElementarySchool通过寻求\n社会支持来经营和管理学校的花园。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“WearelocatedintheBronx,wheretherearebasicallywall-torwallsixstoryapartments.There’slimitedspace…(我们位于布朗克斯区，那里基本上都是六层楼的公寓。空间有限)”可知，theBronx的校园园艺所面临的问题是缺少进行园艺活动的空间。故选A。CDasiaTaylorhasjuicedaboutthreebeetsinthelast18months.Therootvegetablesshe’sfoundprovidetheperfectdye(染料)forherinvention;suture(缝合)threadthatchangescolor,frombrightredtodarkpurple,whenasurgicalwoundbecomesinfected(感染的).The17-year-oldstudentatIowaCityWestHighSchoolbeganworkingontheprojectinOctober2019,afterherchemistryteacherCarolynWallingsharedinformationaboutstate-widesciencefairswiththeclass.Asshedevelopedhersutures,shewonawardsatseveralregionalsciencefairs,beforeadvancingtothenationalstage.Healthyhumanskinisnaturallyacidic,withapHaroundfive.Butwhenawoundbecomesinfected,itspHgoesuptoaboutnine.ChangesinpHcanbedetectedwithoutelectronics;manyfruitsandvegetablesarenaturalindicatorsthatchangecoloratdifferentpHlevels.“IfoundthatbeetschangedcolorattheperfectpHpoint,”saysTaylor.BrightredbeetjuiceturnsdarkpurpleatapHofnine.“That’sperfectforaninfectedwound.”Next,Taylorhadtofindasuturethreadthatwouldholdthedye.Shefoundtendifferentmaterials,includingstandardsuturethread,andtestedthem,forhowwelltheypickedupandheldthedye,andwhetherthedyechangedcolorwhenitspHchanged.Shefoundthatacotton-polyesterblend(涤棉混纺)checkedalltheboxes.Afterfiveminutesunderaninfection-likepH,thecotton-polyesterthreadchangesfrombrightredtodarkpurple.KathrynChu,thedirectoroftheCenterforGlobalSurgeryatStellenboschUniversityinSouthAfrica,focusesonimprovingequitableaccesstosurgicalcare.“Ithinkit’samazingthatthisyounghighschoolscientistwasinspiredtoworkonasolutiontoaddressthisproblem,”thesurgeonwritesinanemail.“Aproductthatcoulddetectearlysurgicalsiteinfectionswouldbeextremelyvaluable.”8.WhydidDasiaTaylorbegintoworkonherinvention?A.Toentersciencefairs.B.Tosellrootvegetables.\nC.Tomakejuicetodrink.D.Todoherteacher’sresearch.9.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph3?A.Toexplainhowhumanbodyfunctionswell.B.Toprovidescientificsupportfortheinvention.C.Toprovethepossibilityofavoidinginfection.D.Toshowthesignificanceofthesuturethread.10.WhatdidDasiaTaylordotogetasuturethreadtoholdthedye?A.Sheproducedanewthread.B.SheturnedtoKathrynChu.C.Shetesteddifferentmaterials.D.Shemixedtenthreadmaterials.11.WhatcanweknowaboutKathrynChu?A.Sheshowsinventorsanewresearchdirection.B.ShewasinspiredbyDasiaTaylortocontribute.C.Sheonceoverlookedtheaccesstosurgicalcare.D.ShespeakshighlyofDasiaTaylor’sinvention.【8~11题答案】【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了高中生DasiaTaylor如何发明一种可用于诊断手术伤口是否感染的缝合线。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The17-yearoldstudentatIowaCityWestHighSchoolbeganworkingontheprojectinOctober2019,afterherchemistryteacherCarolynWalingsharedinformationaboutstate-widesciencefairswiththeclass.(在她的化学老师卡罗琳·瓦林与全班分享了全州科学博览会的信息后，这位17岁的爱荷华市西部高中学生于2019年10月开始从事该项目)”可知，DasiaTaylor开始着手她的发明是为了参加科学展。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。通读第三段“Healthyhumanskinisnaturallyacidic,withapHaroundfive.Butwhenawoundbecomesinfected,itspHgoesuptoaboutnine.ChangesinpHcanbedetectedwithoutelectronics;manyfruitsandvegetablesarenaturalindicatorsthatchangecoloratdifferentpHlevels.(健康的人类皮肤自然呈酸性，pH值在5左右。但当伤口被感染时，其pH值会上升到9左右。\npH值的变化可以在没有电子设备的情况下检测到；许多水果和蔬菜是自然指示剂，在不同的pH值下会改变颜色)”可知，本段主要介绍了DasiaTaylor的发明所基于的科学知识。由此推知，第三段主要是为该发明提供了科学支撑。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Next,Taylorhadtofindasuturethreadthatwouldholdthedye.Shefoundtendifferentmaterials,includingstandardsuturethread,andtestedthem.(接下来，泰勒必须找到一条缝合线来固定染料。她找到了十种不同的材料，包括标准缝合线，并进行了测试)”可知，为了找到合适的缝合线，DasiaTaylor测试了不同材质的线。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Ithinkit’samazingthatthisyounghighschoolscientistwasinspiredtoworkonasolutiontoaddressthisproblem,”thesurgeonwritesinanemail.“Aproductthatcoulddetectearlysurgicalsiteinfectionswouldbeextremelyvaluable.”(“我认为，这位年轻的高中科学家受到启发，致力于解决这个问题，这很令人惊讶，”这位外科医生在一封电子邮件中写道。“一种能够检测出早期手术部位感染的产品将非常有价值。”)”可推知，KathrynChu高度赞扬了DasiaTaylor的发明。故选D项。DHumanactivityhasshrunkthesizeofwildanimalstheworldover,andyetrecentresearchhasfoundmanymammals(哺乳动物)livingnearcitieshavebecomesteadilylarger,bothinlengthandinweight.“Thatwasn’twhatweexpectedtofindatall,”saysRobertGuralnick,whostudiesbiodiversityinformaticsattheFloridaMuseum.Expandingurbanenvironmentsgrowmuchhotterthannaturalhabitats(生长环境),andwarmertemperaturesusuallybenefitmammalsthathaveasmaller,moreenergy-savingfigure—aprincipleofbiologyknownasBergmann’srule.Astheworldgrowswarmer,somescientistshaveworriedthatmammalslivingnearcitiesaresupposedtogrowsmaller,possiblyreducingtheirfitnessasaspeciesand,nodoubt,thefitnessofbeingthreateners(威胁者),too.Butevenwithclimatechange,thatmightnothappen.Asitturnsout,there’sanotherfactorindeterminingamammal’ssizethatmightcompetewithorevengobeyondtemperature,andthatisfood.Inandaroundcitieswithlargepopulations,wherehigh-energyhumanfoodsaremorewidelyavailableandhuntersarefewerandfartherinbetween,newresearchdiscoveredthatmostofthe\nmammalspeciesstudiedappeartobegrowinginsize,notshrinking.Accordingtocarefulmeasurementsofmorethan100speciesfromNorthAmerica,gatheredfrommuseumcollectionsoverthepast80years,themainreasonisnotacity’stemperature.Instead,thegreatestincreasesinweightandbodylengthappeartolieamongthosemammalsthatlivenearthemosthumans,regardlessofhowhottheirsurroundingsare.Asclimatechangegrowsworse,thereis,ofcourse,thepossibilitythatthatmightchange,butatleastfornow,itseemsthatwolves,deer,bats,andothermammalsinNorthAmericacouldbeaffectedmorebycitypopulationsthancityclimates.Ifwewanttopreservethemammalsthatexisttodayforthefuture,it’simportantthatweknowhowhumancivilizationisshapingtheirsize,behaviorandwell-being.Inarapidlychangingworld,thatknowledgecouldmeanthedifferencebetweenongoinglifeanddyingout.12.WhatfindingdoesRobertGuralnickconsidersurprising?A.Urbanenvironmentsarehotterthannature.B.Theanimalsinnaturalhabitatsbecomesmaller.C.ManymammalsgrowagainstBergmann’srule.D.Citytemperaturescauseanimalstoshrinkinsize.13.Whydomanymammalslivingnearcitiesgrowinsize?ATheyarewelltakencareofbyzookeepers.B.Theyhavemorefoodsandfewerthreats.C.Theyarecomfortableinwarmerclimates.D.Theycaneasilyhuntwildanimalsforfood.14.Whatareweadvisedtodotoprotecttheexistingmammals?A.Providehealthyfoodtosurroundingmammals.B.Limitthepopulationincitiestoasmallnumber.C.Knowhowhumancivilizationaffectsmammals.D.Helpthemammalsadjusttothechangingclimate.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.HumanActivityHasShrunktheSizeofAnimalsB.GlobalWarmingIsShapingtheFutureofMammals\nC.MammalsinNatureHaveaBetterChancetoSurviveD.ManyMammalsLivingNearCitiesAre.GrowingBigger【12~15题答案】【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，城市周围的哺乳动物的体型在不断变大。本文主要探讨了其变大的原因及人类该如何保护现存的哺乳动物。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“yetrecentresearchhasfoundmanymammals(哺乳动物)livingnearcitieshavebecomesteadilylarger,bothinlengthandinweight.(但是最近的研究发现，许多生活在城市附近的哺乳动物，无论是在长度还是体重上，都在稳步变大)”及第二段“Expandingurbanenvironmentsgrowmuchhotterthannaturalhabitats(生长环境),andwarmertemperaturesusuallybenefitmammalsthathaveasmaller,moreenergy-savingfigure—aprincipleofbiologyknownasBergmann’srule.(不断扩张的城市环境比自然栖息地要热得多，温度升高通常有利于体型较小、更节能的哺乳动物——这是生物学的伯格曼法则)”可知，罗伯特·古拉尔尼克认为，许多哺乳动物的生长与伯格曼法则相悖，这令人惊讶。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Inandaroundcitieswithlargepopulations,wherehigh-energyhumanfoodsaremorewidelyavailableandhuntersarefewerandfartherinbetween,newresearchdiscoveredthatmostofthemammalspeciesstudiedappeartobegrowinginsize,notshrinking.(在人口众多的城市及其周边地区，高能人类食物更为广泛，猎手也越来越少，而且距离也越来越远。新的研究发现，所研究的大多数哺乳动物物种似乎都在增长，而不是缩小)”可知，许多居住在城市附近的哺乳动物体型变大是因为他们有更多的食物且面临的威胁更少。故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是“Ifwewanttopreservethemammalsthatexisttodayforthefuture,it’simportantthatweknowhowhumancivilizationisshapingtheirsize,behaviorandwell-being.(如果我们想为未来保护现存的哺乳动物，重要的是我们知道人类文明是如何塑造它们的体型、行为和福祉)”可知，如果我们想要保护现存的哺乳动物，我们需要努力了解人类文明会如何影响哺乳动物。故选C项。【15题详解】\n主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是文章第一段“yetrecentresearchhasfoundmanymammals(哺乳动物)livingnearcitieshavebecomesteadilylarger,bothinlengthandinweight.(但是最近的研究发现，生活在城市附近的许多哺乳动物无论在长度还是体重上都在稳步增长)”可知，文章主要是围绕“城市周围的哺乳动物的体型变大”展开的。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FourQualitiesThatMakeYouAttractivetoOthersThereissomethingmanypeoplegetswrongaboutattraction.___16___Therealityisthatattractionusuallyhasmoretodowithpersonalitycharacteristicsthanappearance.Whatfollowsarefourqualitiesthatcanmakeyouhighlyattractivetoothers.Havecontroloveryouremotions(情绪).It’snoteasytoalwayshavecontroloveryouremotions.Andpeoplewhodoareextremelyattractive.Havecontroloveryouremotionssothatyouremotionsdon’tcontrolyou.Allowyourselftothinkaboutwhatyou’regoingtosay.___17___Laughatyourself.It’snotwhathappenstousthatmakesusfeelstressed.___18___Everytimeyoulaughatyourself,youdecidetominimizesomethingthatcouldaffectyounegatively.Laughingatyourselfisanattractivequality,asitmeansyoudon’ttakeyourselftooseriously.___19___Whenyoushowyourwarmth,peopleseeyouasrespectfulandfriendly.Also,theyseeyouassomeoneapproachable.Awarmpersonsayshellotoandcaresaboutyouafteryourlongandtoughday.Thisqualityisimportantforyoutobuildmeaningfulrelationships.Giveplentyofspace.Thesecrettolong-lastingrelationshipsisspace,becausetimeaparthelpseachpartnerrechargeandbringpositiveenergyintotherelationship.___20___Theydon’tletothersbreathe.Instead,thosewholetothershavetheirspacewhentheyneeditareextremelyattractive.A.Bewarm.B.Controllingpeopleareunattractive.C.Don’tbetooquicktoshowwarmth.D.It’showwereacttoitthataffectsus.E.Theyshoulddevelopasenseofhumor.F.Takeyourtimetocooldownandreorganizeyourthoughts.G.Theythinktheyhavetolookbeautifultobeacceptedbyothers.\n【16~20题答案】【答案】16.G17.F18.D19.A20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让个人具有魅力的四种个性特征。【16题详解】根据上文“Thereissomethingmanypeoplegetswrongaboutattraction.”(很多人对于吸引力的看法是错误的。)和下文“Therealityisthatattractionusuallyhasmoretodowithpersonalitycharacteristicsthanappearance.”(事实上，吸引力通常更多地与个性特征有关，而不是外表)可知，中间要有一个过渡句，表明很多人的错误看法是什么。选项G“他们认为他们必须看起来漂亮才能被别人接受。”和上下文意思连贯。故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Havecontroloveryouremotionssothatyouremotionsdon’tcontrolyou.Allowyourselftothinkaboutwhatyou’regoingtosay.”(为了不让你的情绪控制你，你要控制住你的情绪。允许你自己去想想你要说的话。)可知，这里作者建议人们要学会冷静，管理情绪。选项F“花点时间冷静下来，重新组织你的想法。”和上文意思一致。故选F。【18题详解】根据上文“It’snotwhathappenstousthatmakesusfeelstressed.”(不是发生在我们身上的事情让我们感到压力。)和下文“Everytimeyoulaughatyourself,youdecidetominimizesomethingthatcouldaffectyounegatively.”(每次你对自己笑笑，你都决定使影响你的消极情绪最小化。)可知，中间要说明影响我们的是什么。选项D“影响我们的是我们如何应对发生在我们身上的事情。”和上下文意思一致。故选D。【19题详解】根据下文“Whenyoushowyourwarmth,peopleseeyouasrespectfulandfriendly.Also,theyseeyouassomeoneapproachable.”(当你表现出你的热情时，人们会认为你是有礼貌和友好的。而且，他们也会认为你是一个平易近人的人。)可知，这一段作者建议要做一个热情的、可以给人带去温暖的人。选项A“要做一个温暖的人。”和下文意思一致。故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“Giveplentyofspace.”(要给与足够的空间。)可知，这一段作者建议要给别人足够的空间才会有吸引力。选项B“控制欲强的人没有吸引力。”和上文意思一致。故选B。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)\n第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OneKenyanwoman,NzambiMatee,sawmuchplasticwastearound.Tiredof___21___andwaitingforthegovernmenttosolvealltheproblemsrelatedtoplastic___22___,shedecidedtotakeaction—shewasreferringtostartinghercompany,GjengeMakers.Atfirst,herteamwouldsortand___23___:plasticwastetootherrecyclingcompanies.Whenthey___24___morethanthecompaniescouldtake,___25___,theybegantothinkoutsidethebox.Mixingplasticwithsand,theydiscoveredawayto___26___plasticbricks.They’reseventimesasstrongasconcretebutweighhalfasmuch.Evenbetter,they’remore___27___thantraditionalbricks,costingonlyaboutatenthasmuch.“HereinNairobi,wegenerateabout500tonsofplasticwasteeverydayandonlyasmallpartofthatis___28___,”Nzambisaid.“___29___,mostfactorieshavetopayto____30____thewaste,butnowwehavemadethemfreeofthe____31____.”Theseinnovative____32____arebeingusedtomakedriveways,sidewalksandroads,butNzambi’s____33____istoonedaycreatesomebricksthatcanbeusedinbuildingconstruction.Butnow,hercompanyisalreadymakingahuge____34____.“Werightnowhavetheabilityto____35____1,000to1,500bricksaday,”Nzambisaid.“Sofarwehaverecycled20tonsofplastic,andweare____36____pushingthatfigureto50bytheendofnextyear.”PartofGjengeMakers’taskisto____37____wastepollutionfirstinKenyaandtheninAfricaasawhole,buttheirlong-termgoalsareevenmore____38____.AccordingtoNzambi,theywantto____39____otherpeopleorcompaniestodo____40____thingsindifferentplaces.21A.cheeringupB.sittingaroundC.celebratingD.participating22.A.marketB.priceC.pollutionD.design23.A.oweB.sellC.showD.lend24.A.cleanedB.donatedC.consumedD.collected25.A.howeverB.besidesC.otherwiseD.instead26.A.markB.pileC.createD.move27.A.affordableB.powerfulC.flexibleD.complex\n28.A.hiddenB.recycledC.calculatedD.studied29.A.OriginallyB.FortunatelyC.SuddenlyD.Hopefully30.A.putupB.giveawayC.dealwithD.takein31.A.hobbyB.problemC.trickD.competition32.A.giftsB.factoriesC.bricksD.buildings33.A.chanceB.permissionC.wayD.goal34.A.conclusionB.debateC.differenceD.comparison35.A.buryB.replaceC.throwD.produce36.A.consideringB.postponingC.missingD.avoiding37.A.ignoreB.mentionC.analyzeD.reduce38.A.ambitiousB.controversialC.randomD.steady39.A.forceB.motivateC.warnD.forbid40.A.easyB.safeC.fairD.similar【21~40题答案】【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.D25.A26.C27.A28.B29.A30.C31.B32.C33.D34.C35.D36.A37.D38.A39.B40.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。一位名叫NzambiMatee的女士创建了一家公司，她率领公司人员使用塑料垃圾生产一种质优价廉的砖块。此举将塑料垃圾变废为宝，从而减少了环境污染。【21题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：厌倦了坐着等着政府解决所有与塑料污染有关的问题，她决定采取行动——她指的是创办自己的公司——GjengeMakers。A.cheeringup振作起来；B.sittingaround闲坐着；C.celebrating庆祝；D.participating参加。根据“waitingforthegovernmenttosolvealltheproblemsrelatedtoplastic___2___,”可知，NzambiMatee厌倦了闲坐着(sittingaround)，等待着政府解决问题。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：厌倦了坐着等着政府解决所有与塑料污染有关的问题，她决定采\n取行动——她指的是创办自己的公司——GjengeMakers。A.market市场；B.price价格；C.pollution污染；D.design设计。根据“OneKenyanwoman,NzambiMatee,sawmuchplasticwastearound.”可知，Nzambi解决的是关于塑料污染(pollution)的问题。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，她的团队会将塑料垃圾分类并出售给其他回收公司。A.owe欠；B.sell出售；C.show展示；D.lend借出。根据“plasticwastetootherrecyclingcompanies.”可知，最开始的时候，Nzambi是将塑料垃圾出售(sell)给其他回收公司。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他们收集的东西超过这些公司所能接受的时候，他们开始跳出思维定势。A.cleaned清洁；B.donated捐赠；C.consumed消耗；D.collected收集。根据“Atfirst,herteamwouldsortand___3___:plasticwastetootherrecyclingcompanies.”可知，他们只是收集(collected)的塑料垃圾。故选D。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他们收集的东西超过这些公司所能接受的时候，他们开始跳出思维定势。A.however然而；B.besides此外；C.otherwise然而；D.instead代替。根据“theybegantothinkoutsidethebox.”可知，前后句之间为转折关系。然而(however)，当他们收集的塑料垃圾超过回收公司能够接受的量的时候，他们开始跳出常规思维。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们将塑料和沙子混合，发现了一种制造塑料砖的方法。A.mark做标记；B.pile堆积；C.create创造；D.move移动。根据“Mixingplasticwithsand,theydiscoveredaway”可知，他们发现了一种制造(create)塑料砖块的方法。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更妙的是，它们比传统砖更实惠，成本只有传统砖的十分之一左右。A.affordable实惠的；B.powerful强有力的；C.flexible灵活的；D.complex复杂的。根据“costingonlyaboutatenthasmuch.”可知，他们创造的塑料砖块比传统的砖块更实惠(affordable)，故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在内罗毕，我们每天产生大约500吨塑料垃圾，只有一小部分被回收，”Nzambi说。A.hidden隐藏；B.recycled回收；C.calculated计算；D.studied研究。根据“HereinNairobi,wegenerateabout500tonsofplasticwasteeveryday”可知，只有很少部\n分的塑料垃圾被回收利用(recycled)。故选B。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，大多数工厂都要花钱处理垃圾，但现在我们已经让他们摆脱了这个问题。A.Originally最初；B.Fortunately幸运地；C.Suddenly突然；D.Hopefully怀着希望地。根据“mostfactorieshavetopayto___10___thewaste,”可知，最初(Originally)，大部分工厂不得不付费处理垃圾。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：起初，大多数工厂都要花钱处理垃圾，但现在我们已经让他们摆脱了这个问题。A.putup张贴；B.giveaway赠送；C.dealwith处理；D.takein接受。根据“mostfactorieshavetopay”可知，大部分工厂不得不付费处理(dealwith)垃圾。故选C。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，大多数工厂都要花钱处理垃圾，但现在我们已经让他们摆脱了这个问题。A.hobby爱好；B.problem问题；C.trick把戏；D.competition竞争。根据“mostfactorieshavetopayto___10___thewaste,”可知，Nzambi的公司帮助他们解决了需要付费处理垃圾的问题(problem)。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些创新砖被用于制造汽车车道、人行道和道路，但Nzambi的目标是有一天制造出一些可以用于建筑施工的砖。A.gifts礼物；B.factories工厂；C.bricks砖块；D.buildings建筑物。根据“Mixingplasticwithsand,theydiscoveredawayto___6___plasticbricks.”可知，这些创新的塑料砖块(bricks)被用来建造车道、人行道和道路。故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些创新砖被用于制造汽车车道、人行道和道路，但Nzambi的目标是有一天制造出一些可以用于建筑施工的砖。A.chance机会；B.permission允许；C.way方法；D.goal目标。根据“onedaycreatesomebricksthatcanbeusedinbuildingconstruction.”可知，Nzambi的目标(goal)是有一天创造出一些可以用于建筑施工的砖块。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在，她的公司现在已经在发挥巨大的作用了。A.conclusion结论；B.debate争论；C.difference不同；D.comparison比较。makeadifference起作用。根据““Werightnowhavetheabilityto___15___1,000to1,500bricksaday,”Nzambisaid.“Sofarwehaverecycled20tonsofplastic,andweare___16___pushingthatfigureto50bytheendofnext\nyear.””可知，Nzambi的公司现在已经在发挥巨大的作用(difference)了。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们现在有能力每天生产1000到1500块砖，”Nzambi说。A.bury埋葬；B.replace取代；C.throw扔；D.produce生产。根据“1,000to1,500bricksaday,”可知，Nzambi的公司现在有能力每天生产(produce)1000到1500块砖。故选D。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，我们已经回收了20吨塑料，我们正在考虑到明年年底将这一数字提高到50吨。A.considering考虑；B.postponing推迟；C.missing错过；D.avoiding避免。根据“thatfigureto50bytheendofnextyear.”可知，Nzambi正在考虑(considering)到明年年底把这个产量提高。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：GjengeMakers的部分任务是首先在肯尼亚减少废物污染，然后在整个非洲，但是他们的长期目标更加雄心勃勃。A.ignore忽视；B.mention提及；C.analyze分析；D.reduce减少。根据“PartofGjengeMakers’task”可知，GjengeMakers公司的部分使命是首先减少(reduce)肯尼亚的垃圾污染，然后减少整个非洲的垃圾污染。故选D。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：GjengeMakers的部分任务是首先在肯尼亚减少废物污染，然后在整个非洲，但是他们的长期目标更加雄心勃勃。A.ambitious雄心勃勃的；B.controversial有争议的；C.random随机的；D.steady稳定的。根据“AccordingtoNzambi,theywantto___19___otherpeopleorcompaniestodo___20___thingsindifferentplaces.”可知，他们有更加雄心勃勃的(ambitious)长远目标。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：据Nzambi说，他们想要激励其他人或公司在不同的地方做类似的事情。A.force强迫；B.motivate激励；C.warn警告；D.forbid禁止。他们想激励(motivate)其他人或公司在不同的地方做类似的事情。故选B。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：据Nzambi说，他们想要激励其他人或公司在不同的地方做类似的事情。A.easy容易的；B.safe安全的；C.fair公平的；D.similar相似的。根据“indifferentplaces.”可知，他们想激励其他人或公司在不同的地方做类似的(similar)事情。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)\n阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LushanNationalPark,inthesouthofJiujiangCity,JiangxiProvince,isawell-knowntouristattractionbothinChinaandabroad.Ithasappealed___41___countlessvisitorsonaccountofitsnaturalviewsandculturalrelics.Thenationalparkcoversanareaof500squarekilometersandhasmorethan90mountainpeaks(山峰).ThetallestoneoftheseisHanyangPeakwhichhasa___42___(high)of1,473.4meters.Thepark-owesitsreputationtoits___43___(wonder),elegantandimpressivehighlightssuchaswaterfallsandrocks.Thereare12mainscenicareas,togetherwith37attractions.Themajor___44___(spot)includeWulaoFeng,SandieSpring,etc.WulaoFeng,___45___islocatedinthesoutheastofLushan,is1,436metersabovesealevel.Itsfiveparallelmountainpeaksonceformedasingleone,andstandingonthetop,youwill___46___(reward)withanamazingviewofthedistantmountains,trees,lakes,andaseeminglyendlesssky.SandieSpring___47___(lie)belowWulaoFenganddropsthroughthreeroughtiers(层)withafallof155meters.Theupperpartislikesnow___48___(fall)downtothepond;themiddlereachwandersandtwists,dancingintheair;thelowerlevellookslikeadragonrunninginthepond.Thisisthought___49___(be)thebestoftheLushanwaterfalls.Itissaidthatyouarenot____50____truevisitorhereifyoumissSandieSpring.【41~50题答案】【答案】41.to42.height43.wonderful44.spots45.which46.berewarded47.lies48.falling49.tobe50.a【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了庐山风景区的概况以及两个重要景点—五老峰和三叠泉。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：它以其自然景观和文物吸引了无数游客。固定短语appealto“对……有吸引力”，to为介词。故填to。\n【42题详解】考查名词。句意：其中最高的是汉阳峰，海拔1473.4米。固定搭配haveaheightof“海拔是……”。故填height。【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：公园因其美妙、优雅和令人印象深刻的亮点而闻名，如瀑布和岩石。此处与后面形容词elegantandimpressive是并列成分，应用形容词wonderful，修饰后面名词，作前置定语。故填wonderful。44题详解】考查名词复数。句意：主要景点包括五老峰、三叠泉等。根据WulaoFeng,SandieSpring,etc.可知，此处用spots“景点”的复数形式，作主语。故填spots。【45题详解】考查定语从句。句意：五老峰位于庐山东南部，海拔1436米。此句为非限制性定语从句。先行词WulaoFeng，在从句作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。【46题详解】考查动词语态。句意：它的五座平行山峰曾经形成了一座山峰，站在山顶上，你会看到远处的山脉、树木、湖泊和看似无边无际的天空。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，动词reward与主语you构成被动关系，应用被动语态，前有will，后接berewarded。故填berewarded。【47题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：三叠泉位于五老峰下方，以155米的落差穿过三个粗糙的层。分析句子结构，此处作谓语动词，结合上下文语境，动词用一般现在时，主语SandieSpring是单数，谓语动词用单数。故填lies。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：上面的部分就像雪落在池塘里。分析句子结构，此处用非谓语动词，与前面名词snow构成主动关系，用现在分词形式，作后置定语。故填falling。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这被认为是庐山瀑布中最好的。分析句子结构，bethought后接不定式，作主语补足语。故填tobe。【50题详解】考查冠词。句意：据说，如果你想念桑迪·斯普林，你就不是一个真正的访客。此处泛指“一个真正的访客”，用不定冠词，true是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。\n第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Lastweek,ourclassholdsadiscussionaboutthatafamilyshouldownacarornot.Herearetheresults.Manystudentsthinkit’snecessaryforafamilytoowningacarbecauseit’sconvenient,fastorcomfortable.Withacar,familymembercangotomanyplacestogetheratanytime.Acarisespeciallyimportantwhenafamilyfacesemergencies.Oncontrary,somestudentsthinkthatbuyingacarisunnecessaryforafamily.Afamilyhastopayalotoftokeepacaringoodcondition.Beside,parkingcarscanbereallyannoyed.Inmyopinion,afamilyshouldthinkcarefulbeforebuyingacar.【51题答案】【答案】1.holds→held2.that→whether3.owning→own4.or→and5.member→members6.在on后加the7.删除of8.Beside改为Besides9.annoyed→annoying10.careful→carefully【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了作者所在班级在上周举行了一场关于一个家庭是否应该拥有汽车的讨论。【详解】1.考查动词时态。句意：上周，我们班就一个家庭是否应该拥有汽车进行了讨论。根\n据Lastweek，可知此处谓语动词hold用一般过去时态。故将holds改为held。2.考查宾语从句。句意：上周，我们班就一个家庭是否应该拥有汽车进行了讨论。分析句子结构，此句为宾语从句，根据ornot，可知用连接词whether“是否”，引导宾语从句。故将that改为whether。3.考查非谓语动词。句意：许多学生认为一个家庭拥有一辆汽车是必要的，因为它方便、快捷、舒适。分析句子结构，此句为it作形式主语，不定式to加动词原形作真正主语，toown符合题意。故将owning改为own。4.考查连词。句意：许多学生认为一个家庭拥有一辆汽车是必要的，因为它方便、快捷、舒适。根据句意，此处表达“因为它方便、快捷、舒适”，构成并列关系，用连词and连接。故将or改为and。5.考查名词单复数。句意：有了车，家人可以随时一起去很多地方。根据常识和family家人，后面名词member应该用复数形式。故将member改为members。6.考查固定搭配。句意：相反，一些学生认为买车对一个家庭来说是没有必要的。onthecontrary相反，固定搭配。故在on后加the。7.考查介词。句意：一个家庭要花很多钱才能使汽车保持良好状态。分析句子结构，alotof后应加名词，此处没有名词，可知此处用alot作动词pay的宾语，表示“很多钱”，所以此处介词of是多余的。故将of删除。8.考查副词。句意：此外，停车真的很烦人。根据句意，可知此处表达“此外”，用连词副词besides。故将Beside改为Besides。9.考查形容词。句意：此外，停车真的很烦人。此处修饰主语parkingcars，指物，用annoying“令人烦恼的”，作表语，符合题意。故将annoyed改为annoying。10.考查副词。句意：在我看来，一个家庭在买车之前应该仔细考虑。分析句子结构，此处修饰前面动词think，用副词形式作状语，carefully仔细地。故将careful改为carefully。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华，上周参加了你市组织的英语话剧比赛(EnglishDramaCompetition)并取得了较好的成绩。你的外教Mr.White此前给予了你很多帮助和鼓励，请你给他写封电子邮件表达谢意。内容包括：1.告知好消息；2.感谢他的帮助和鼓励；\n3.邀请他到你家做客。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【52题答案】【答案】DearMr.White,I’mgladtotellyouthatIperformedwellintheEnglishDramaCompetitionheldinourcitylastweek.Undoubtedly,Ishouldextendmysinceregratitudetoyou.Honestlyspeaking,Icouldn’thavedonesuchagoodjobwithoutyourhelpandencouragement.EverytimeIpractisedmypart,youaccompaniedme,pointedoutwhereIcouldimprove,andtoldmehowtodoitbetter.Feelingdiscouraged,Icouldgetanencouraginghug,whichinspiredmealot.Thankstoyou,Imademybestperformance.I’mwonderingifitisconvenientforyoutocometomyhomesothatIcancookauthenticChinesefoodforyouasatreat.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。上周参加了考生所在市组织的英语话剧比赛(EnglishDramaCompetition)并取得了较好的成绩。考生的外教Mr.White此前给予了考生很多帮助和鼓励，请考生给他写封电子邮件表达谢意。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：glad→delighted诚挚的：sincere→genuine帮助：help→assist表示：extend→express2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Honestlyspeaking,Icouldn’thavedonesuchagoodjobwithoutyourhelpand\nencouragement.拓展句：Honestlyspeaking,Icouldn’thavedonesuchagoodjobifIdidn'thaveyourhelpandencouragement.【点睛】【高分句型1】EverytimeIpractisedmypart,youaccompaniedme,pointedoutwhereIcouldimprove,andtoldmehowtodoitbetter.(运用了everytime引导的时间状语从句和where引导的宾语从句)【高分句型2】I’mwonderingifitisconvenientforyoutocometomyhomesothatIcancookauthenticChinesefoodforyouasatreat.(运用了sothat引导的状语从句)听力答案：1～5ACCBB6～10BCABA11～15ACCAB16～20ABACB