云南省师范大学附属中学2021届高三高考适应性月考卷（六）英语试题 Word版含解析

英语试卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Conductorandpassenger.B.Ticketsellerandcustomer.C.Husbandandwife.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Linda,wherearetheticketstotheconcert?Ican’tfindthem．W:They’reprobablyinthenight-standdrawer.It’swhereyouputapileofrandomstuff．2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.Performadanceinthestreet.B.Takeadanceclassofpopping.C.Givealockingdancelesson.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Rob.Whatareyoudoingthisweekend?M:I’mgoingtoastreetdancingclassinagym.I’mlearningthestyleofpopping.Therearealsobreakingandlocking.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 WhatdoweknowaboutTesla’snewcar?A.Itsbodyismadeofglass.B.Itstopspeedis248milesperhour.C.Itisakindofelectriccar.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W：Stan，doyouknowTeslahaslaunchedanewcarrecently?M：Yes，actuallyIdidsomeresearchonit．W：Whatdidyoufindout?M：Itstopisallglassanditcango248milesbeforeyouhavetochargeit．4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhydoesHongYinglivealonglife?ASheenjoyshealthylocalfood.B.Sheiswellattendedbyherfamily.C.Shehasa.goodpersonality.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M：Wow，HongYing，comingfromGuangdong，isknownastheoldestpersoninChina．Sheis122yearsold．W：What’sthesecretofherlongevity?M：Accordingtoherfamilyandfriends，sheishumorousandeasytogetalongwith．5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Trustingfoodproducers.B.Payingattentiontofoodlabels.C.Shoppingwithparents.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Doyoureadfoodlabels?W:Idon’treally,butmyfatherisusedtoit.IhategoingshoppingwithhimbecauseIhavetowait forhours.Shouldn’twetrustthepeoplethatmakeourfoodanymore?M:Youshouldtrustthem,butmaybetherearethingsinthefoodthatyoudon’twanttogointoyourbody.W:Yeah,IthinkI’llstartreadinglabelsfromnowon.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Visitacomputerexhibition.B.SurftheInternetaboutarobot.C.Seevideogames.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftherobot?A.Itisintelligent.B.Itisfashionable.C.Itistalkative.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】W：Carl，IheardyouaregoingtoComputex．M：Yes．Itwillbeaninterestingtradeshow．W：Goingtoseesometrendyvideogames?M：No．I’minterestedinaIoTrobot，Zenbo．W：WhatdoesIoTmean?M：ItmeansInternetofThings．W：Oh，sotherobotcouldtalktoothergadgetsinthehouse．M：Yes!Itcoulddoalotofotherthings，liketurningonthedishwasherfromthelivingroom．听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whydoesthemanfeelsleepynow?A.Hedidmuchhomeworkthenightbefore.B.Hespentmuchtimeonthephonethenightbefore. C.Hecan’tputupwiththelecture.9.Whatistheadvicegivenbytheteacher?A.Improvinglearningefficiency.B.HavingapositiveattitudetoEnglishlearning.C.Focusingonthelecture.10.Whichsuggestionmaysoundnoveltotheman?A.Thesecondone.B.Thethirdone.C.Thefirstone.【答案】8.B9.A10.A【解析】【原文】W：AreyouOK，Mike?Youlooklikeyouarealmostfallingasleep．Isthelectureboring?M：Oh，no!Ireallywanttofocusonthelecture，butI’mreallytired．W：Didyousleepatalllastnight?M：Idid．ButIstayeduplatetofinishmyhomework．Ionlyhadaboutfivehours’sleep．W：Ifeelpityforyou，buthomeworkwasn’theavyyesterday．M：Uh，totellyouthetruth，I…W：Youwereplayingwithyourphoneagainwhiledoingyourhomework!M：Ialsohateit，butIcan’tcontrolmyself．W：WhynotfollowourEnglishteacher’sadvicetoimproveyourstudyperformance?First，putthephoneinthelivingroomratherthaninthestudy．Then，dothehomeworkthatdoesn’tinterestyoufirst．Lastbutnotleast，whenyoudoyourhomework，concentrateasmuchaspossible．M：Oh，my!I’veneverreallyconsideredinwhatorderIshoulddomyhomework!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.WhywillthemanquitthepositioninMagicCubeClub?A.Toprepareforrecenttraining.B.Tochallengeanothercompetitor.CTofocusonhisstudy.12.Whendoesthemanhaveameeting?A.At1:10p.m.B.At2:00p.m.C.At1:00p.m. 13.Whatdoesthemanpromisetodo?A.Copythelearningmaterialinthemeeting.B.Fetchthelearningmaterialafterthemeeting.C.Announcethetimeofthemeeting.【答案】11.C12.A13.B【解析】【原文】M：Hello，Mrs.Miranda!W：Hello，George!Headingtothedininghall?M：No，I’vehadlunch．I’mgoingtoMagicCubeClub．W：Competeinanothergame?IheardlasttimeyouwonthefirstplaceintheBlindTwistofourgrade．M：Ihadabetterluckthen．Actually，therewasanotherguyofSeniorOnebetterthanmeinskills．RecentlyIhaven’tpracticed．W：Becauseofthestudypressure?M：Yeah．Intoday’smeeting，I’llquitthevice-presidentoftheclub．TheupcomingSeniorThreeisvitaltome．W：Whenisthemeeting?M：Attenpastone．W：Itisoneo’clocknow．Couldyouhelpmegetthelearningmaterialforthisafternoonfromthecopyroomwhenyoucomebackfromthemeeting?M：Withpleasure．听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhatdidIanMcKellenworkon?A.ThedirectingofTheStoryofChina.B.TheperformanceofShakespeare’sworks.C.ThetranslationofDuFu’spoems.15.WhydidMichaelWoodtraveltoGongyi?A.Tohelpcommonpeoplesufferingfromwar.B.Tosharethepoet’sfascinatingstorieswithpeople. C.Tofindinspirationforhisproduction.16.WhatdoesStephenOwensayaboutDu’spoems?ATheyreflectChineseculture.B.Theyhavepasseddownthroughcenturies.C.Theypossesselegantrhythm.【答案】14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】M：Lily，you’resoabsorbedintheTVprogram．What’son?W：ItisadocumentaryaboutDuFu．M：DuFu?Who’sthat?Couldyoutellmemore?W：HeisoneofthegreatestChinesepoets．Oh，IanMcKellenisabouttorecitesomeofhismasterpieces．Let’sappreciatetogether．M：IanMcKellen!YoumeanthebrilliantBritishactorwho’sfamousfortheperformanceofShakespeare’sworks?W：Youguessedit．M：Ah，McKellen’svoiceiselegantandtherecitaliswonderful．Iwonderwhoitisthathastranslatedsuchbeautifulpoems．W：AmericanSinologistStephenOwen．In2016hecompletedtheeight-year-longprojecttotranslateDuFu’s1,400poemsintoEnglish．M：Doeshealsopresentthedocumentary?W：No．MichaelWooddoesit．HeisanaccomplishedtelevisionhistorianwhoalsodirectedotherChina-relateddocuseriessuchasTheStoryofChinaandTheStoryofChina’sReformandOpeningUp．M：ItseemsthatWoodknowsalotaboutDuFu．W：Hehasreallymadecontributionstothedocumentary．Hevisitedanumberofplacessuchasthepoet’sbirthplaceGongyiinHenanProvince，theTangDynastycapitalChang’an，today’sXi’an，andtheDuFuThatchedCottageinSouthwestChina’sChengduCity．M：Whatdidhedowhilevisiting?W：Hetalkedtoordinarypeople，dancersandmusicians，whohelpedtotellthefascinatingstories ofthepoet．Thesestoriesgivevoicetothepainofcommonfolkscaughtupinwar，famineandnaturaldisastersandthey’vepasseddownthroughcenturies．NowonderStephenOwensaysDu’spoetryhasbecomepartoftheemotionalvocabularyoftheChineseCulture!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whoisthetextprobablyaimedat?A.Policeofficers.B.Customsofficers.C.Travelers.18.Whatisadvisedbythespeaker?A.Communicatingwithcustomsofficers.B.Notbringinganyfruitormeatintoanothercountry.C.Keepinganeyeonbags.19.Whatwillharmacountry’sfarm?A.Thedecreaseofnon-nativeplants.B.Thedietchangeofnativeanimals.C.Theinfluenceofgerms.20.Whyisthecarpetusedbysomecustomsoffices?A.Toridthepotentialdanger.B.Tomatchtheenvironment.C.Toprotecttheground.【答案】17.C18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Thesedays，peoplecantraveleasily．Butthatmeansplants，animalsandgermscantraveleasily，too．Livingthingsfromforeigncountriescanbedangerous．Theycanhurtacountry’snativeplantsandanimals．Socountriesmustprotectthemselves．Whenpeoplegointoacountry，theygothroughcustoms．Customsofficerschecktheirbags．Someevendependonthepolicedogtocheck．Theyaskpeopleaboutfood．Peoplecannotbringanyfruitormeatintothecountry．Eveninsomecountries，instantnoodlesarenotallowed．Sometravelersdon’tliketheserules．Theywanttobringfoodfromtheirhometownwiththem，andtheyarguewithcustomsofficers．Theythinkalittlefruitormeatcan’thurtanything．Butgermscanspreadquickly．Thentheycanhurtacountry’sfarm．Sopeopleshouldobeytherules．Plantsandseedsarealsoaproblem．Non-nativeplantscanhurtnativeplants．Somenon-nativeplantswillgrowveryquicklyandspreadfast．They cankillthenativeplants．Thatcanhurttheanimalsthateatthosenativeplants．Bringingnon-nativeplantsandseedsintoacountryisneveragoodidea．Nowyoumayhaveguessedwhypeoplehavetowalkacrossalongroughcarpetwhentheyentersomecountries．第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ARomeisacitythatsparksathousandmentalimages.FromancientstructuresliketheColosseumorthePantheon,totheSpanishStepsandTreviFountain,totheVatican—nottomentiontonsofpasta.ButwhereshouldyoustaywhilevisitingRome?Trastevereisoneofthebestneighborhoods.Trastevereisfilledwithnarrow,cobblestonealleywaysthatrunpastbuildingsdecoratedwithtangledivy(常春藤).Formanycenturies,Trasteverewasaworking-classdistrict,butinrecentyears,it’sbecomeabohemianhotspotforfoodiesandtouristswantingtoseebeyondRome’sbig-nameattractions.Atnight,youcanmoveinthePiazzadiSantaMaria,enjoyingthenightlife.AndifyouclimbthenearbystepsofGianicoloHill,you’llreachaspotwithviewsacrossRome.BestPlacestoStayinTrastevereBUDGET:HostelTrastevere—Thishostelclosetopublictransporthasagreatoutdoorterrace,acommonareawithshadesailstokeepyoucoolerinsummer,andacheapbuffetbreakfast,aswellasfastWi-Fiandair-conditioning.Roomssleepamaximumoffivepeople.MID-RANGE:Trastevere’sFriends—ThisB&Bisquiet,withspaciousdoublerooms,makingitespeciallypopularwithcouples.Theroomsherearelightandbright,andmostincludeamplewardrobespaceforunpacking.Theownersandstaffareextra-friendly.LUXURY:TrastevereRoyalSuiteTrilussa—ThisluxuryhotelhasviewsovertheTiberRiverandiscentraltoalltheamazingrestaurantsandcafesofTrastevere.Eachroomisuniquelydecoratedwithpaintingsorornatemirrors.Breakfastisincludedinyourroomprice.21.WhycanRomearouserichimagesinmind?A.Becauseofitsgeographicalposition.B.BecauseofitsneighboringTrastevere.C.Becauseofitsbig-nameattractions.D.Becauseofitsconvenienttransportationtoscenicspots. 22.WhatcanpeopledoinTrastevere?A.Eatwithbohemianfoodies.B.Walkonthenarrowstreetslinedwithivy.C.Admirethecultureofworking-classnightlife.D.Haveabird’seyeviewaboutRome.23.WhatisspecialaboutTrastevereRoyalSuiteTrilussa?A.Itpossessesuniquedecorationstyleofeachroom.B.ItofferslargewardrobespaceandfastWi-Fi.C.ItoverlookstheTiberRiverfromanoutdoorplatform.D.Itprovidesacheapbuffetbreakfast.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】本文是应用文。介绍了Trastevere作为罗马的一个行政区，已成为旅游新胜地，而且当地可以提供不同档次的酒店住宿服务。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一、二句“Romeisacitythatsparksathousandmentalimages．FromancientstructuresliketheColosseumorthePantheon，totheSpanishStepsandTreviFountain，totheVatican—nottomentiontonsofpasta．”（罗马是一座能激起上千种想象的城市。从古罗马斗兽场或万神殿，到西班牙台阶和特莱维喷泉，再到梵蒂冈——更不用说数吨意大利面了。）可知，罗马是一座能激发起无数精神意象的城市。它拥有许多吸引人的事物，从古建筑如罗马斗兽场或万神殿，到西班牙台阶和特莱维喷泉，再到梵蒂冈，更不用说各式的意大利面食。另外，文章第二段第二句中的“Rome’sbig-nameattractions”（罗马的知名景点）也是提示。因此罗马之所以能够唤起人们丰富的记忆是因为罗马的著名景点。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“AndifyouclimbthenearbystepsofGianicoloHill，you’llreachaspotwithviewsacrossRome．”（如果你爬上GianicoloHill的台阶，你会看到一个可以俯瞰整个罗马的景点。）可知，登上位于特拉斯特维莱的贾尼科洛山，你可以俯瞰整个罗马。故选D项。【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“Eachroomisuniquelydecoratedwithpaintingsorornatemirrors．”（每个房间都配有独特的绘画或华丽的镜子。）可知，这家酒店的每个房间都有着独特的装修风格。故选A项。BThousandsofbravesoulshaveventuredintotheRockyMountainsforthepastdecade,searchingforatreasurechestfilledwithgold,rubies,emeraldsanddiamonds.Butthatadventurehasfinallycometoanend.Thetreasurehasbeenfound.ForrestFenn,the89-year-oldartandantiquitiescollectorwhocreatedthetreasurehunt,madetheannouncementonhiswebsite.“Itwasunderastarrysky,intheforestedvegetationoftheRockyMountainsandhadnotmovedfromthesitewhereIhiditmorethan10yearsago,”Fennwroteinhisannouncement.Thetreasurewasfoundafewdaysagobyamanwhodidnotwanttobenamed,FenntoldTheSantaFeNewMexican.Thetreasure,estimatedtobeworthover$1million,wasawayforFenntoinspirepeopletoexplorenatureandgivehopetopeopleaffectedbytheGreatRecession,hesaid.Cluesleadingtothetreasure’slocationwereincludedina24-linepoempublishedinFenn’s2010autobiographyTheThrilloftheChase.Fennroughlycalculatedthatasmanyas350,000peoplefromallovertheworldwenthuntingforthetreasure,traversingmountainsandstreams,andenjoyingthemagnificentsceneryalongtheway.Someevenquittheirjobstofullydedicatetheirlivestothehunt.“Icongratulatethethousandsofpeoplewhoparticipatedinthesearchandhopetheywillcontinuetobedrawnbythepromiseofotherdiscoveries,”Fennsaidonhiswebsite.24.Howcanpeoplefindthetreasurechest?A.ByspottingclueshiddeninapoemwrittenbyFenn.B.Byadventuringmountainsandstreams.C.ByplantingvegetablegardensintheRockyMountains.D.Byobservingthestarsinthesky.25.WhatisonereasonforFenn’screatingthishunt?A.Attractingpeopletoappreciatehisautobiography.B.Motivatingpeopletorefreshfromtheeconomicdepression.C.Encouragingpeopletoevaluatetheworthofthetreasure. D.Inspiringpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.26.Whatdidsometreasurehuntersdotoachievesuccess?A.Theychangedtheirnames.B.Theygathered350,000participants.C.Theyexpandedthesearcharoundtheworld.D.Theyabandonedtheirformercareer.27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeForrestFenn?A.Frankandgentle.B.Generousandoptimistic.C.Independentandhumorous.D.Creativeandtolerant.【答案】24.A25.B26.D27.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位美国老人在落基山脉的某处埋藏了一只百宝箱，由此开启了漫长的寻宝之旅。最近，这场寻宝游戏终于落下帷幕，背后的感人故事也被大众所知晓。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“‘Itwasunderastarrysky，intheforestedvegetationoftheRockyMountainsandhadnotmovedfromthesitewhereIhiditmorethan10yearsago，’Fennwroteinhisannouncement.”（它在星空下，在落基山脉茂密的植被中，10多年前我把它藏在那里，至今没有移动过。）可知，寻宝人通过“在山川溪流间冒险”、“开垦菜园”、“观察星象”找不到宝箱，故排除B、C、D三个错误选项，将答案定位到第三段最后一句“Cluesleadingtothetreasure’slocationwereincludedina24-linepoempublishedinFenn’s2010autobiographyTheThrilloftheChase.”（Fenn2010年出版的自传《追逐的快感》中有一首24行诗，其中包含了宝藏所在的线索。）可知，宝箱的寻找线索在Fenn的一首24行诗里。故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“Thetreasure，estimatedtobeworthover$1million，wasawayforFenntoinspirepeopletoexplorenatureandgivehopetopeopleaffectedbytheGreatRecession，hesaid.”（据估计，这一宝藏价值超过100万美元，Fenn希望借此激励人们探索自然，并给受经济大衰退影响的人们带来希望。）可知，Fenn开启这个寻宝活动是为了鼓励人们探索自然，激励人们从经济大萧条中振作起来。故选B。 【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Someevenquittheirjobstofullydedicatetheirlivestothehunt.”可知，有些人甚至辞掉了工作，全身心地投入到了这次寻宝活动中。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Thetreasure，estimatedtobeworthover$1million，wasawayforFenntoinspirepeopletoexplorenatureandgivehopetopeopleaffectedbytheGreatRecession，hesaid.”（据估计，这一宝藏价值超过100万美元，Fenn希望借此激励人们探索自然，并给受经济大衰退影响的人们带来希望。）以及最后一段的““Icongratulatethethousandsofpeoplewhoparticipatedinthesearchandhopetheywillcontinuetobedrawnbythepromiseofotherdiscoveries,”Fennsaidonhiswebsite.”（Fenn在他的网站说“我祝贺参与搜索的数千人，希望他们继续被其他发现所吸引。”）内容，可知，Fenn拿出自己价值不菲的宝物开启了寻宝活动，说明他慷慨大方；他给在经济大萧条时期受挫者的人们带来希望并鼓励人们继续参与到其它寻宝活动中，说明他积极乐观。故选B。【点睛】推理判断题的推断对象主要包括隐含意思、目标读者、观点态度、文章出处、写作意图等。以推断隐含意义的题目居多。推断隐含意义，即要求根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。题干中常含infer（推断），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推断，得出结论）等词语。解此类题，首先找到相关信息，然后细读、理解相关信息的字面意义，最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。如小题4，根据第三段第二句“Thetreasure，estimatedtobeworthover$1million，wasawayforFenntoinspirepeopletoexplorenatureandgivehopetopeopleaffectedbytheGreatRecession，hesaid.”据估计，这一宝藏价值超过100万美元，Fenn希望借此激励人们探索自然，并给受经济大衰退影响的人们带来希望。以及最后一段的内容，可知，Fenn拿出自己价值不菲的宝物开启了寻宝活动，说明他慷慨大方；他给在经济大萧条时期受挫者的人们带来希望并鼓励人们继续参与到其它寻宝活动中，说明他积极乐观。故选B。CHumansarenottheonlyanimalsthatgetdrunk.Birdsthateatalotoffermentedberriesareknowntofalloutoftreesandcrashintowindows.Elkthatoverdoitwithrottingapplesgetstuckintrees.Moosewastedonoverripecrabapplesgettwistedintoswingsets,hammocksandevenChristmaslights. Elephants,though,aretheanimalkingdom’smostwell-knownboozers.Onescientificpaperdescribeselephanttrainersrewardingtheanimalswithbeerandotheralcoholicbeverages,withoneelephantinthe18thcenturysaidtohavedrunk30bottlesofportwineaday.In1974,aherdof150elephantsinIndia,becameextremelyexcitedafterbreakingintoabrewery,thenwentonawildbehaviorthatdestroyedbuildingsandkilledfivepeople.Infact,elephantsarelikelyexceptionallightweightsbecausetheylackakeyenzymethatquicklybreaksdownethanol(乙醇).Humans,chimpanzees,bonobosandgorillashaveanunusuallyhightoleranceforalcoholbecauseofasharedgeneticmutation(突变)thatallowsthemtobreakdownethanol40timesfasterthanotherprimates.Themutationoccurredaround10millionyearsago.Ithappenedatthesametimewithanancestralshiftfromlivingintreestolivingonlandsand,mostlikely,adietricherinfallen,fermentingfruitontheforestfloor.Butmostothermammalsdidnotpossessthemutation,andinsomespecies,includingelephants,dogsandcows,thegeneofbreakingdownalcoholhadlostallfunction.“Itwasfarmorelikelyforsomeanimalsthateattheleafypartofplantsoreatmeattolosethegene,”saidAmandaMelin,amolecularecologistattheUniversityofCalgary.Forestelephantstodayregularlyseekandeatfruit,buttheirancestorsbecamegrasseatersaround8millionyearsago.Evidenceindicatestheythenswitchedtoamixeddietaround1millionyearsago.28.Whathappenedwhenamoosegotdrunk?A.Itgottrappedinaswingset.B.Itfelloutofwindows.C.ItgotashockfromChristmaslights.D.Itknockedintotrees.29.Whatdoweknowaboutelephantsfromthetext?A.Theirancestorsswitchedtoeatgrassaround10millionyearsago.B.TheirrepresentativesofIndiaoncecausedabigdisasterwhiledrunkC.Theyarelightweightsastheyhavenoorgantobreakdownalcohol.D.Theyprefertobetreatedwithplentyofportwineaday.30.Whydochimpanzeestoleratealcoholbetterthanotherprimates?A.Becauseoftheeatinghabits.B.Becauseofthespeedofdigestion.C.Becauseoftheexchangeofenergy.D.Becauseofthemutationofgene. 31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Speciessharethesamegeneticmutation.B.Foodconsumptioninnatureisquitehuge.C.Elephantsreallycan’tholdtheirliquor.D.Plantsandmeataffectthedietsofmammals.【答案】28.A29.B30.D31.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了大象“酒醉”的一些事例，并根据科学依据解释了大象之所以不胜酒力是因为其体内缺乏一种能迅速分解乙醇的酶。【28题详解】细节理解题。第一段中说到“除了人以外，动物也是会喝醉的。”并介绍了三种不同的动物吃了发酵的食物后酒醉的行为表现。结合题干信息定位到第一段最后一句“Moosewastedonoverripecrabapplesgettwistedintoswingsets,hammocksandevenChristmaslights.”吃过熟山楂的麋鹿会被困在秋千架、吊床甚至圣诞彩灯里。可知，驼鹿酒醉后会把自己困在秋千架中。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“In1974,aherdof150elephantsinIndia,becameextremelyexcitedafterbreakingintoabrewery,thenwentonawildbehaviorthatdestroyedbuildingsandkilledfivepeople.”1974年，印度有一群150头大象，闯入一家啤酒厂后变得非常兴奋，随后又进行了野蛮的行为，摧毁了建筑物，造成5人死亡。可知，印度曾经有一群大象曾经因为喝醉酒，而引起了一场大灾难。故选B。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Humans,chimpanzees，bonobosandgorillashaveanunusuallyhightoleranceforalcoholbecauseofasharedgeneticmutation（突变）thatallowsthemtobreakdownethanol40timesfasterthanotherprimates.”可知，人类、黑猩猩、倭黑猩猩和大猩猩对酒精的耐受性非常高，这是因为它们共同拥有一种基因突变，这种突变使它们分解乙醇的速度比其他灵长类快40倍。故选D。【31题详解】 主旨大意题。本文通过大象“酒醉”的一些事例，引出第三段的内容“Infact,elephantsarelikelyexceptionallightweightsbecausetheylackakeyenzymethatquicklybreaksdownethanol（乙醇）.”事实上，大象很可能特别轻，因为它们缺乏一种能够快速分解乙醇的关键酶。解释了大象不胜酒力的原因是缺乏一种能迅速分解乙醇的酶。所以短文的最佳标题为“大象真的酒量不好”。故选C。【点睛】标题猜测题。是主旨大意题的一种，标题应位于文章之首，概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它可以是单词，短语，或句子。确定文章标题，第一，标题要与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容，不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；第三，标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应新颖，概括性强并且精炼。如小题4，本文通过大象“酒醉”的一些事例，引出第三段的内容“Infact,elephantsarelikelyexceptionallightweightsbecausetheylackakeyenzymethatquicklybreaksdownethanol（乙醇）.”事实上，大象很可能特别轻，因为它们缺乏一种能够快速分解乙醇的关键酶。解释了大象不胜酒力的原因是缺乏一种能迅速分解乙醇的酶。所以短文的最佳标题为“大象真的酒量不好”。故选C。DTheyear2020isstormy,butrainbowsareeverywhere.AcrosstheCOVID-19strickenworld,brightandhappyrainbowshavebecomewindowcolorsandchoicesonstoreshelves.TherainbowsstartedappearingalloverItalywithinafewdaysofschoolsclosingforthefirstlockdown,backinMarch.Crayondrawingsweretapedtotheinsideofwindows;poster-paintedbannershungfrombalconies.WhenthepandemiccametoBritain,therainbowscametoo,withtheItalianmessageofpositivitymorphingintothankstotheNHS.Then,duringthemonthsoflockdown,therainbowsmovedinsideourhomes,withacrazeforarrangingbooksbycolourinpursuitofanaestheticallypleasantZoombackground.InAprilthisyear,thelargestcabinhospitalinthePhilippineswascompleted,dividedintosixwardsofdifferentcolors.Thecolorsoftherainbowwerenotonlypleasingtotheeye,butalsoconveyingapositiveandoptimisticspirittopatients.Therainbowisto2020what“keepcalmandcarryon”wasto1939.Andjustas“keepcalmandcarryon”beganasapublicinformationcampaignbutbecameateatowelindustry,whatbeganasagestureofhopeisnowabigbusiness.JohnLewisreportsthatarainbowbaublesnearlyfestivebestseller.TracksuitenthusiastsaresittingoutthesecondlockdowninOliviaRubin’s£150rainbow stripetracksuits.Optimismisthehottestcommodityof2020.Butsomepeopleareirritatedbythewayconsumerculturecommodifiesthehumanexperience,packagingourhopesanddreamsasiftheywerejustanotherproductinthewarehouse.Butthefashioneditor-turned-designerJJMartinsays,“It’sgreattohavethecolourfuldress,butthemagicofarainbowisn’treallyaboutthepotofgold.Whatactuallycountsistheflameyouturnoninsideyourself.”32.Wheremightpeopleseetherainbow?A.IntheItalianmessageofthankstotheNHS.B.Onthebannersoftheschoolsunderlockdown.C.Inthestudywiththebookssortedbycolor.D.OntheoutsideofBritain’slargestcabinhospital.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“irritated”inParagraph6probablymean?A.Fascinated.B.Angered.C.Challenged.D.Embarrassed.34.Whatdothecampaignsin1939andin2020haveincommon?A.Theyhelpedpeopleoutofthelockdown.B.Theyconveyedthankstothemedicalstaff.CTheycametothesameendD.Theydisplayedafeatureofthetowelindustry.35.WhatcanweinferfromwhatJJMartinsaid?A.Therelaxationofmindisequaltowealth.B.ThetracksuitsofOliviaRubinaretobemass-produced.C.Thecommercializationoffeelingsissomewhatreasonable.D.Thesignificanceoftherainbowistoliftpeopleup.【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】本文是议论文。2020 年世界各地饱受疫情折磨，虽然历经风雨，彩虹却随处可见。象征着明亮快乐的彩虹成为了窗边风景和商场货架的首选色彩。这股彩虹热潮不仅向患者表达了积极乐观的精神，也引发了“消费主义将人类情感体验商品化，出售人们的希望和梦想”的热议。当然，彩虹的魔力不只是它背后的经济效益，更在于它让人们内心重燃烈火。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Then,duringthemonthsoflockdown,therainbowsmovedinsideourhomes,withacrazeforarrangingbooksbycolourinpursuitofanaestheticallypleasantZoombackground.(然后，在封锁的几个月里，彩虹搬到了我们的家里面，为了追求美观宜人的Zoom背景，出现了按颜色排列书籍的热潮)”可知，在按颜色排列的书房里，人们可以看到彩虹。故选C。【33题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Optimismisthehottestcommodityof2020..Butsomepeopleare”（乐观是2020年最畅销的商品，但是人们）以及后文“...bythewayconsumerculturecommodifiesthehumanexperience,packagingourhopesanddreamsasiftheywerejustanotherproductinthewarehouse”（被消费文化使人类体验商品化的方式...，把我们的希望和梦想打包出售，仿佛它们只是仓库里的一件普通商品。）可知but表示转折，但有些人对这样的商业化现象感到恼火、生气。故画线词意思为“生气”。A.Fascinated.着迷；B.Angered.生气；C.Challenged.挑战；D.Embarrassed.尴尬。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Therainbowisto2020what“keepcalmandcarryon”wasto1939.Andjustas“keepcalmandcarryon”beganasapublicinformationcampaignbutbecameateatowelindustry,whatbeganasagestureofhopeisnowabigbusiness.(2020年的这道彩虹就好比1939年那张写着“保持冷静，继续前进”的海报。这张海报最早出自一场公众宣传运动，后来却造就了一个（纪念品）茶巾产业。而原本用来传递希望的彩虹，如今同样也成了一档大生意)”可知，1939年和2020年两次宣传运动都有着相同的结局。故选C。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Butthefashioneditor-turned-designerJJMartinsays,“It’sgreattohavethecolourfuldress,butthemagicofarainbowisn’treallyaboutthepotofgold.Whatactuallycountsistheflameyouturnoninsideyourself.”(但时尚编辑出身的设计师JJMartin说：“有一件五颜六色的裙子固然很棒，但彩虹的魔力并不真的只和钱有关。真正重要的是你内心燃起的火焰。”)”可推知，彩虹的重要性在于点燃了人们内心的火焰，使人们重拾信心。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Anoldfriendofminewasintownandorganizedaget-together.AmutualfriendaskedmeifIwasgoing.IanswerednobecauseIwasn’tinterestedinit.___36___However,Ijustrefused.Doyoufeelthatyousometimeshavetolietosparepeople’sfeelings?Isuredo.ButI’mtryingtodoitless.Here’swhy:●___37___Doyoufeelitlikeaminilackofgoodfaitheverytimeyousayawhitelie?Itdoesn’tfeelgoodbecause,atheart,youwanttobehonest.●Youhavetorememberlies.Haveyoueverbeencaughtinalie?Ihave.Itfeelsuntrustworthy.Idon’tknowaboutyou,butmymemoryisnotgoodenoughtoevenrememberallthetruethingsIsay.___38___●Peoplerespectthetruth.Ihadmeanttogotoafriend’shousefordinneronce,butshecalledinthemorningofthedaytocancel.Shesaid,“I’msorrySusiebut...I’mjustsotiredandIneedtodaytorest.”Ididn’tgetangryatthatmoment.___39___Andwehadanicephonecall,instead.●“No”isenough.It’ssoeasytogiveaquick“yes”andhaveregretslater,ormakeupalietogetoutofsomething.Butyoudon’thaveto!Youcansay“no”atthestart.Acalendardoesnotexisttobefilledup___40___Andthere’snoshameindoingwhatyouneed,especiallywhenyou’rehonestaboutit.A.Onthecontrary,herfranknessmademefeelclosertoher.B.Therefore,you’dbetterrememberliesincaseyou’retrapped.C.Lyingmakesyoufeelbad.D.Thespaceinourlivescanbethebestpart.E.Lyingiscostlyandyou’retoobusyforthat.F.Icouldhavemadesomeacceptableexcuse.G.However,Iforgaveherthoughshehadbetrayedme.【答案】36.F37.C38.E39.A40.D【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为何要学会坦诚地拒绝而不是一味地撒谎求全。【36题详解】第一段以事例总起全文，讲述了我因不感兴趣而直接拒绝参加朋友组织的一次聚会。结合选项，F项意为“我本可以编个可让人接受的借口”与下句“However，Ijustrefused．”（然而我却拒绝了）形成转折。故选F项。【37题详解】根据文章结构可知这里需要一个小标题。标题下面的内容提到“Doyoufeelitlikeaminilackofgoodfaitheverytimeyousayawhitelie?Itdoesn’tfeelgoodbecause,atheart,youwanttobehonest.”（每次你说善意的谎言，就像一个小小的诚信缺失。这感觉不太好，因为从内心来说，你想要诚实），结合选项，C项撒谎让你感觉糟糕符合题意。故选C项。【38题详解】根据空前文中的“Itfeelsuntrustworthy”（感觉不可靠的）说明撒谎是要付出代价的；“…mymemoryisnotgoodenoughtoevenrememberallthetruethingsIsay”（我的记忆力不太好，甚至我说的真话都记不住），这里作者暗指：人们都很忙，没时间记那么多事，何况是撒过的谎。另外，小标题“Youhavetorememberlies”中的“haveto”强调代价，而干扰项B项Therefore，you’dbetterrememberliesincaseyou’retrapped．中的“hadbetter”强调建议，而且“rememberlies”与文章主题“少撒谎”相悖。所以E项说谎是付出代价的并且你将忙于其中符合题意。故选E项。【39题详解】本段内容讲述了朋友因身体不适而坦诚地取消了之前的约会。结合空前的句子“Ididn’tgetangryatthatmoment．”（在那时我并没有生气。）以及本空可知，我不但不生气，反而因朋友的坦诚，觉得两个人的关系更加亲近了。前后句子有明显的转折。结合选项，A项相反，他的坦诚让我感到更亲近了，符合题意，故选A项。【40题详解】空前的句子“Acalendardoesnotexisttobefilledup．”与D选项形成语义上的补充，“acalendar”和“thespace”也形成了照应，作者暗指：生活如同一本日历，应该有空白，结合选项D项我们应该有个人空间，符合题意，因此，我们应该学会坦诚地拒绝别人。故选D项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asaresultofadisease,Ilostmyeyesight.Iwasnolongerabletowork.Withsomuchtimeonmyhands___41___,Icouldhavechosentobe___42___lifebeingemptyandwithoutpurpose.___43___,IcreatedtheHugsandHopeClubforSickChildren.Mydisabilitywasanew___44___forme.Ioftenreceivede-mails___45___helpforsickchildren.I’dpostedtheir___46___andpicturesonawebpageinorderto___47___withotherswhowantedtohelpthesekids,too.Myservicebeganasasmall,part-timeeffort.Bythefallof2014,ithad___48___intoafull-timejobandahuge___49___withover500volunteersworldwide.Thewebsite,whichstartedasonepageisnowover150pages.Ouroutreach____50____daily.Theclub’svolunteerhug-giversandhoperestorersmailouthundredsofhappymailstothekidsandprovide____51____neededsupporttotheirparents.NathanandhislittlebrotherPJhavethe____52____BattenDisease.Theirparentsmust____53____the$100,000theyneedeachmonthformedicaltreatmentto____54____theirboys.Aftertheirstorywaspostedonourwebsite,musiciansvolunteeredtodoabig____55____thathelpedtoraisemoney.Wewrotetotelevisionstationsand,____56____,theboyswerefeaturedontheshow"48Hours".Whentheclubbegan,IwashelpingalittleboynamedMichael.Nowhundredsofsufferingfamiliesarepartofthe____57____oflove.Iwantthemtolearnnoonehastoface____58____aloneandthatjoyandhopeare____59____―likepeanutbutter.Whenyouspreadthemaround,youcan’thelpbut____60____gettingsomeonyourself!41.A.approximatelyB.occasionallyC.graduallyD.suddenly42.A.contentwithB.curiousaboutC.depressedaboutD.patientwith43.A.SomehowB.InsteadC.OtherwiseD.Meanwhile44.A.beginningB.painC.anxietyD.warning45.A.affordingB.requestingC.appreciatingD.forcing46.A.advertisementsB.novelsC.storiesD. applications47.A.argueB.compromiseC.liveD.network48.A.dippedB.mushroomedC.runD.broken49.A.organizationB.clinicC.officeD.entertainment50.A.happensB.appearsC.existsD.grows51.A.slightB.limitlessC.noneD.much52.A.sensitiveB.deadlyC.mysteriousD.ordinary53.A.raiseB.abuseC.earnD.donate54.A.feedB.educateC.saveD.comfort55.A.predictionB.researchC.benefitD.experiment56.A.aswellB.asaresultC.allinallD.inreturn57.A.circleB.spiritC.mannerD.swear58.A.debtsB.puzzlesC.commentsD.struggles59.A.stickyB.deliciousC.sweetD.smooth60.A.putupB.giveupC.endupD.takeup【答案】41.D42.C43.B44.A45.B46.C47.D48.B49.A50.D51.D52.B53.A54.C55.C56.B57.A58.D59.A60.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了主人公因病致盲，虽然身患残疾，但并未对生活丧失信心的故事。他创立了爱心俱乐部，通过网上发布生病儿童的故事和家庭背景，引发热心网友的关注并帮助其家庭筹集资金，让众多因病致贫的家庭感受到生活的快乐和希望。【41题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然间有了这么多的时间，我本可以选择消沉的生活，空虚而没有目标。A.approximately大约，近似地；B.occasionally偶尔地；C.gradually逐渐地；D.suddenly突然地。根据前文的“Asaresultofadisease,Ilostmyeyesight.Iwasnolongerabletowork.”可知，文章开篇提及作者失明失去工作，所以这里要表达的意思应为“突然” 有那么多的时间可以支配。故选D项。【42题详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：突然间有了这么多的时间，我本可以选择消沉的生活，空虚而没有目标。A.contentwith对……感到满意；B.curiousabout对……感到好奇；C.depressedabout对……感到沮丧；D.patientwith对……有耐心。上文提到作者失明以及“beingemptyandwithoutpurpose”，因此这里作者想说的是他本可以选择空虚的、没有目标的生活。故选C项。【43题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我为生病的孩子创建了拥抱与希望俱乐部。A.Somehow不知怎么地；B.Instead相反；C.Otherwise否则；D.Meanwhile与此同时。根据前文信息可知，作者本可以因为疾病，选择碌碌无为的生活。这里要表达的意思是，“相反”，我却创办了俱乐部，为生病的儿童提供帮助，与前文形成了转折关系。故选B项。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的残疾对我来说是一个新的开始。A.beginning开始；B.pain痛苦；C.anxiety焦虑；D.warning警示,警告。这里要表达的意思为：残疾生活对于我而言是一个新的“开始”，后文作者的善举给别人和自己带来的改变也说明了这一点。故选A项。【45题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我经常收到请求帮助生病儿童的电子邮件。A.affording提供,给予；B.requesting请求,要求；C.appreciating感谢,欣赏；D.forcing强迫。根据“helpforsickchildren”可知此处表示作者收到为生病的孩子“请求”帮助的电子邮件。requestfor为固定短语，意为“请求”。故选B项。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把他们的故事和照片贴在了一个网页上，以便和那些也想帮助这些孩子的人建立联系。A.advertisements广告；B.novels小说；C.stories故事；D.applications应用,申请。根据后文的句中有原词复现“Aftertheir‘story’waspostedonourwebsite…”，此处与之呼应。故选C项。【47题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把他们的故事和照片贴在了一个网页上，以便和那些也想帮助这些孩子的人建立联系。A.argue争论；辩论；B.compromise妥协；C.live居住；生存；D.network联网。根据前文“I’dpostedtheir　　　6　　　andpicturesonawebpage” 可知，作者把他们帖在网页上，以便和那些也想帮助这些孩子的人“联网”，即建立联系。故选D项。【48题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：到2014年秋，它已经迅速发展成为一项全职工作和一个在全球拥有500多名志愿者的庞大组织。四个词放入原文，形成四个短语。A.dippedinto浸在……里；稍加研究；B.mushroomedinto迅速发展成；C.runinto撞上；偶遇；D.brokeinto闯入，破门而入。根据前文“Myservicebeganasasmall,part-timeeffort.”可知，起初作者的俱乐部规模小，是一份兼职工作，到2014年秋天，它“迅速发展成”我的全职工作。故选B项。。【49题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到2014年秋，它已经迅速发展成为一项全职工作和一个在全球拥有500多名志愿者的庞大组织。A.organization组织；B.clinic诊所；C.office办公室；D.entertainment娱乐。根据前文“ithad　　　8　　　intoafull-timejob”可知，这里指作者创办的俱乐部成为了在全球拥有500多名志愿者的大型“组织”。故选A项。【50题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的服务范围每天都在扩大。A.happens发生；B.appears出现；C.exists存在；D.grows生长；发展。根据前文的“Thewebsite,whichstartedasonepageisnowover150pages.”可知，作者网页上登贴的信息越来越多，说明作者的服务范围每天都在“扩大”。故选D项。【51题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：俱乐部的志愿者们给孩子们寄去了数百封快乐的邮件，并为他们的父母提供了急需的帮助。A.slight轻微的；少量的；B.limitless无限的；C.none一点没有的；D.much许多的。providesupporttosb.为固定短语，意为“为......提供帮助”，此处表示俱乐部的志愿者们为孩子们的父母亲提供了很多帮助。故选D项。【52题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Nathan和他的弟弟PJ得了致命的贝敦氏病。A.sensitive敏感的；B.deadly致命的；C.mysterious神秘的；D.ordinary普通的。根据后文的“Theirparentsmust　　　　13　　　　the$100,000theyneedeachmonthformedicaltreatmentto　　　　14　　　　theirboys.”可知，需要筹款10万美元拯救他们的生命，那么Nathan和他弟弟PJ得的贝敦氏病是致命的。故选B项。【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的父母必须每个月筹集他们需要的10万美元用于医疗，以拯救他们的孩子。A.raise筹集；B.abuse滥用,虐待；C.earn赚得,获得；D.donate捐赠。根据后文的“...musiciansvolunteeredtodoabig　　　　15　　　　thathelpedtoraisemoney.”可知，此处与后文中的“raise”相对应。故选A项。【54题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的父母必须每个月筹集他们需要的10万美元用于医疗，以拯救他们的孩子。A.feed喂养；抚养；B.educate教育；C.save拯救；挽救；D.comfort安慰。上文提到了他们得了致命的疾病，那么筹集资金肯定是为了救治他们俩。故选C项。【55题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的故事在我们的网站上发布后，音乐家们自愿参加了一个大型慈善活动，帮助筹集资金。A.prediction预言；B.research研究；C.benefit利益，好处；D.experiment试验。根据“thathelpedtoraisemoney”此处为了帮助筹集资金，做了一个慈善活动。doabigbenefit为固定短语，意为“做一场大型义演”。故选C项。【56题详解】考查副词短语辨析。句意：我们写信给电视台，结果，这些男孩上了《48小时》节目。A.aswell也，同样地；B.asaresult结果；C.allinall总而言之；D.inreturn作为回报。根据前文的“Wewrotetotelevisionstationsand,”可知，作者给电视台写信，此处承接结构，表示这两个男孩出现在了专题节目《48小时》中。故选B项。【57题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，数百个遭受苦难的家庭成为了爱之圈的一员。A.circle圈，环，循环；B.spirit精神，情绪；C.manner方式；D.swear誓言。前文提到俱乐部建立之初，作者正在帮助一个叫迈克尔的小男孩。而现在，数百个受苦受难的家庭成为了爱心“圈”的一部分。故选A项。【58题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想让他们知道，没有人必须独自面对难事，喜悦和希望就像花生酱一样黏糊糊的。当你把它们到处撒的时候，你自己也会沾上一些！A.debts债务；B.puzzles谜；不解之谜；C.comments评论；D.struggles奋斗；斗争；难事。根据前文的“Nowhundredsofsufferingfamiliesarepartofthe　　　　17　　　　oflove.”可知，数百个受难家庭成为了爱之圈的一员，那么就没人需要独自面对生活中的“难事”。故选D项。【59题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想让他们知道，没有人必须独自面对挣扎，喜悦和希望就像花生酱一样黏糊糊的。当你把它们到处撒的时候，你自己也会沾上一些！A.sticky粘的；粘性的；B.delicious美味的；C.sweet甜的；D.smooth光滑的；顺利的。根据后文的“likepeanutbutter”可知，此处把喜悦和希望比喻为花生酱，花生酱是黏糊糊的。故选A项。【60题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想让他们知道，没有人必须独自面对挣扎，喜悦和希望就像花生酱一样黏糊糊的。当你把它们到处撒的时候，你自己也会沾上一些！A.putup建造；举起；提供；B.giveup放弃；C.endup结束；D.takeup“占据；从事”。前文把喜悦和希望比喻为花生酱，花生酱是黏糊糊的，那么当你把它们到处撒的时候，你自己肯定会沾上一些。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everyhumanculture,withoutexceptionasfarasanyonecantell,producessomeformofmusic.Andyetthemusic___61___humanculturesproducecouldhardlybemorevaried:FromItalianoperatoCroatianKlapatoTuvanthroatsinging,thedifferenttypesofmusicfoundinculturesaroundtheworldstandasatestament(证明)tothe___62___(vary)ofhumancreativity.Musichasnoobviousadaptivefunction,___63___(make)scientistswhostudymusicwonderwhatforcesoriginallygaverisetoit.Ismusican___64___(evolution)adaptation,orisitjustahumaninvention?Theargumentneverstops.Thealternativeisaimed___65___(search)foruniversalsinmusic.ThisiswhatSamMehr,DirectoroftheMusicLabatHarvard,andhiscolleaguesaredoing.Bynow,recordingsamples(样本)from86smallsocieties___66___(collect)bythem.Theyalsoplayed14-secondpiecesofmusic___67___750Internetusersin60countries.Theyfindlistenerscancorrectlyrecognizewhetherasampleisfromadancesong,asoftsongoralovesong.“Itdoesn’tseemtomatter___68___thelistenersarefrom,”saysDr.Mehr.“Theyallseemtoagreewitheachotherquitestrongly.”Whatdoesthatmeanandwhydoesitmatter?“Anystudythat’slookingatcomparisonsoflotsandlotsofcultures,by___69___(it)nature,tellsussomethingabouthumannature,”saysMehr.“It____70____(tell)ussomethingabouthowallhumansarealikeinsomeway.”【答案】61.that/which62.variety/varieties 63.making64.evolutionary65.tosearch66.havebeencollected67.to/for68.where69.its70.tells【解析】本文为说明文。不同的音乐形式证明了人类创造力的多样性；接着引出长久以来的争论：音乐是源于进化的适应，还是只是人类的一项发明？最后得出结论：音乐的形式是多样的，而人们对音乐的理解却有很大的共性。【61题详解】考查定语从句。句意：然而，人类文化所产生的音乐却极为多样：从意大利歌剧到克罗地亚克拉帕再到图瓦喉唱，世界各地文化中发现的不同类型的音乐证明了人类创造力的多样性。此处为定语从句修饰先行词music，先行词在从句中作宾语，指物，故应用关系代词which或that引导。故填that/which。【62题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，人类文化所产生音乐却极为多样：从意大利歌剧到克罗地亚克拉帕再到图瓦喉唱，世界各地文化中发现的不同类型的音乐证明了人类创造力的多样性。结合句意表示“……的多样性”短语为thevariety/varietiesof。故填variety/varieties。【63题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：音乐没有明显的适应功能，这使得研究音乐的科学家们想知道是什么力量最初导致了音乐的产生。分析句子结构可知make在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与上文整个句子构成主动关系，故应用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填making。【64题详解】考查形容词。句意：音乐是一种进化适应，还是仅仅是人类的发明？修饰后文名词adaptation，应用形容词evolutionary，作定语。故填evolutionary。【65题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：另一种选择旨在寻找音乐中的共性。结合句意表示“旨在做某事”可知短语为beaimedtodosth.。故填tosearch。【66题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：到目前为止，他们已经从86个小社会收集了记录样本。根据“by now”可知时态应为现在完成时，且主语recordingsamples和collect之间构成被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为recordingsamples，助动词用have。故填havebeencollected。【67题详解】考查介词。句意：他们还为60个国家的750名互联网用户播放了14秒的音乐。结合句意表示表示“为某人播放音乐”可知短语为playmusicto/forsb.。故填to/for。【68题详解】考查主语从句。句意：“听众来自哪里似乎并不重要，”梅尔博士说。此句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为从句部分，根据上文中的“750Internetusersin60countries”可知，听众是来自60个不同国家的750位网民，因此，该句强调听众的所在地，表示“哪里”应用where。故填where。【69题详解】考查代词。句意：梅尔说:“从本质上讲，任何对大量文化进行比较的研究都能告诉我们一些关于人类本性的事情。”结合句意表示“就其本质而言”短语为byitsnature。故填its。【70题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这项研究告诉我们，在某些方面所有人都是相似的。句子陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填tells。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）71.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。OnMondaymorning,weweretoldafunsportsmeetingwouldheldontheschoolplaygroundonFridayafternoon.Uponhearthenews,I,togetherwithmybestfriend,enteredforthethree-leggedraceexcitedly.Inthenextfewday,wepractisedthegameafterschool.Withourclassmatespatientguidingus,wemasteredtheskills.Thencameabigday.Withmyleftfootandmyfriend’srightfoottyingtogether,wewerereadytostart.ThemomentwhenourPEteacherblow hiswhistle,wemanagedtorunfastatthesamepace.Afewminuteslate,wecrossedthefinishingline.Wedidareallygoodjobbutwonthefirstprize.【答案】1.held前面加be2.hear→hearing3.day→days4.paient→paiently5.a→the6.tying→tied7.删掉when8.blow→blew9.late→later10.but→and【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文，描述了作者参加趣味运动并获得一等奖的经历。【71题详解】考查被动语态。句意：我们被告知周五下午学校操场将举行一场有趣的运动会。根据句意，此处表示运动会被举行，sportsmeeting和hold之间是被动关系，所以需要用被动语态，此处是过去将来时的被动语态，即wouldbedone。故在held前面加be。【72题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：听到这个消息，我和我最好的朋友兴奋地参加了三足赛跑。on/upondoing...“一......就......”.故将hear改为hearing。【73题详解】考查名词复数。句意：在接下来的几天，我们放学后练习这个比赛。few后面需要加可数名词复数形式，所以此处day应该用复数。故将day改为days。【74题详解】考查副词。句意：在同学们的耐心指导下，我们掌握了技能。此处需要用副词修饰动词guide，故将patient改为patiently。【75题详解】考查冠词。句意：然后那个重要的日子来了。此处特指趣味运动会那一天，需要用定冠词修饰。故将a改为the。【76题详解】考查过去分词。句意：我的左脚和我朋友的右脚绑在一起。本句考查with的复合结构，即with+宾语+宾语补足语，宾语myleftfootandmyfriend’srightfoot和tie之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词表示被动，故将tying改为tied。【77题详解】 考查连词。句意：我们的体育老师一吹响口哨，我们设法以同样的速度跑得很快。根据句意，此处表示“一...就”，应用连词短语themoment，这里when重复，故删掉when。【78题详解】考查时态。句意：我们的体育老师一吹响口哨，我们设法以同样的速度跑得很快。根据后文的were，此处是描述过去发生的事情，应该用一般过去时态，故将blow改为blew。【79题详解】考查副词。句意：几分钟之后，我们穿过了终点线。结合句意，此处表示“之后”，应用副词later，故将late改为later。【80题详解】考查连词。句意：我们做的很好，并且赢得了一等奖。结合句意，我们做得好和赢得一等奖之间是并列关系，不是转折关系，应用连词and，故将but改为and。第二节书面表达（满分25分）72.假如你是李华，已报名参加国内某英文网站举行的主题为“生活奔小康”的公益广告大赛，请根据以下内容写出你的作品介绍：1.名称；2.内容；3.表现形式。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：小康生活awell-offlife；XiaoKang/Xiaokang_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】HereistheadvertisingworkfromLiHua,whichistitledThreeGenerationsofDesertificationControl.MyworkisbasedonthetruestoriesoccurringinLi’sfamily.GrandpaLisparednoefforttoleadthevillagerstoplanttreestosolidifysand,devotinghisyounglife.ThenFatherListeppedintomakethedesertbloom.Now,JuniorLi,majoringinGardeningSpecialty,intendstostriveforawell-offlifeforthevillagersaftergraduation.Itisrepresentedbyashortvideo,wheretheBlueprint ofControldrawnbyGrandpaactsasamainlineandthecommentsfromthevillagersarealsoincluded.Theworkaimstorevealthepowerofspiritinheritanceandtheimportanceoftheconcept—Greenmountainsaregoldmountains.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于说明文，要求考生以“生活奔小康”为主题，写一则公益广告作品介绍。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：说明文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般过去时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.名称；2.内容；3.表现形式。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）title;bebasedon;sparenoefforttodosth.;solidify;devote;stepin;majorin;intendto;strivefor;actas;aimto;inheritance;importance第三步：连词成句1.HereistheadvertisingworkfromLiHua,whichistitledThreeGenerationsofDesertificationControl.2.MyworkisbasedonthetruestoriesoccurringinLi’sfamily.3.GrandpaLisparednoefforttoleadthevillagerstoplanttreestosolidifysand,devotinghisyounglife.4.ThenFatherListeppedintomakethedesertbloom.5.Now,JuniorLi,majoringinGardeningSpecialty,intendstostriveforawell-offlifeforthevillagersaftergraduation.6.Itisrepresentedbyashortvideo,wheretheBlueprintofControldrawnbyGrandpaactsasamainlineandthecommentsfromthevillagersarealsoincluded. 7.Theworkaimstorevealthepowerofspiritinheritanceandtheimportanceoftheconcept—Greenmountainsaregoldmountains.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：Whatismore,Besides,Moreover（供参考）2.表转折对比关系：However,Onthecontrary,but（供参考）连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]HereistheadvertisingworkfromLiHua,whichistitledThreeGenerationsofDesertificationControl.(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]GrandpaLisparednoefforttoleadthevillagerstoplanttreestosolidifysand,devotinghisyounglife.(运用了现在分词作状语)