湖南省长沙市一中、深圳实验学校2021届高三1月联考英语试题 Word版含解析

长沙市一中、深圳实验学校2021届高三联考试卷英语本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考生结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydidthemanmeetthewoman?A.Toapplyforajob.B.Toaskherforhelp.C.Tosellhersomething.2.Whydoesthemansuggestthewomangotothesouth?AShecangetabetteroperationthere.B.Thescenerythereissimplybeautiful.C.Theclimatetherewillhelpherrecover.3.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?AHeisstressed.B.Heislazy.C.Heishelpful.4.Whatisthewomangoingtodosoon?A.Takeataxi.B.Travelbyplane. C.Gototherailwaystation.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atatailor’s.B.Atahairdresser’s.C.Atarestaurant.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Coachandathlete.C.Friends.7.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Eatwhitemeat.B.Bakesomecakes.C.Havelessfood.听笫7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Eatingcheese.B.Takingpictures.C.Playinggames.9.Whois/areinthelastpicture?A.Onlytheman.B.Onlythewoman.C.Boththemanandwoman.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemansayaboutteadrinking?A.Itisonlyforweddings.B.Itismainlyforrefreshment.C.Ithasastrongculturalmeaning.11.WhatdoesthewomanthinkaboutChineseteaculture?A.Itisveryinteresting.B.Itistooserious.C.Itistoocomplex.12.Whois/aregiventeaattheChineseweddings?A.Thecouple.B.Thecouple’sparents. C.Thehostoftheceremony.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anoldpeople’shome.B.Aplantodonatemoney.C.Awaytoearnextramoney.14.Whydoesthemanneedmoneyatthebeginningofthemonth?A.Tobuyfood.B.Topurchasebooks.C.Topayforentertainment.15.WhatdoesMr.Dawkinsoftentalkaboutbeforehisclasses?A.History.B.Finance.C.Basketball.16.Howmuchmoneywillthewomandonatetotheoldpeople’shomealtogether?A.$100.B.$200.C.$300.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Kindsofsoftwareprojects.B.Secretstobeabetterboss.C.Anintroductiontoaworkplace.18.Whenshouldanemployeearriveatwork?A.It’sbettertobeearly.B.Themiddleofthedayistheusualstartingtime.C.Itdoesn’tmatterwhenworkstarts.19.Whathappenedwhenamistakewasfound?A.Adeadlinewasmissed.B.Anemployeewasfired.C.Anengineerwasrewarded.20.WhatkindofworkatmospheredocsGooglehave?A.Creative.B.Regular.C.Stressful. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFouroftheMostMagicalMoviesfromYourChildhoodWhetheritwastheenchantingcharacters,thememorablescenesorsimplybecauseitwasthefirstfilmmumordadtookyouto,thesearethemoviesthathaveleltthemostlastingimpressionsoverthedecades.WillyWonka&theChocolateFactory“Iloveditfortworeasons.First,itshowedawonderful,lovingextendedfamily.IwasfascinatedbytheirkitchensettingandthelittlecornerwheretheboyCharlieslept.Second,insidethechocolatefactorywaswhatallchildrendreamedof.Thewholemovietransportedmefrommychildhoodworriesintoafairylandworld.”—MargaretMcKeeDumbo“Forakidwhooftenfeltlikehedidn’tfitin,andwasn’tgoodatanything,itwasmagicaltoseeDumbodiscoverhistalentandbecomelovedandcelebrated.”—LorraineCormack“IlovedDumboasitshowedthosewhoarebulliedcanwiniftheybelievetheycan.”—MaryMadiganTheNeverEndingStory“Ithastobethemostmagicalmoviefrommyera.Thestoryhaseverythingayoungkidcanaskfor:agreatstory,amythicalflyingdogandaninterestingending.Ourfamilycontinuetowatchittoday.”—AaronElliottTheSoundofMusic“WhenIwasyoung,movieswereatreat,withlollies,friendsandacanvasseat.TherewasaspecialonethatIdidadore,andmanytimesI’vegonebackformore.Thesongs,thesceneryandthestorylinealwaystransportmetoanothertime.Itissuchaclassicthatmymemoriesofitaresofantastic.”—JoanneCarter1.Whatdoes“WillyWonka&theChocolateFactory”concern?A.Anadventuroustrip.B.Afantasticworld. C.AmysteriousfriendD.Anunexpectedincident.2.Whichmoviemayappealtoachildlackingconfidence?A.Dumbo.B.TheNeverEndingStory.C.TheSoundofMusic.D.WillyWonka&theChocolateFactory.3.WhatdoesAaronElliottthinkof“TheNeverEndingStory”?A.Itisfullofunrealisticthings.B.Itmeetsallhisexpectations.C.Itinfluencespeopleofallages.D.Itisthemostmeaningfulmovie.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部童年时期最神奇的电影，并介绍了人们喜欢它们的原因。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“WillyWonka&theChocolateFactory”部分关键句“Thewholemovietransportedmefrommychildhoodworriesintoafairylandworld.”可知，《欢乐糖果屋》这部电影把我从童年的烦恼中带进了一个仙境般的世界里。由此可知，《欢乐糖果屋》这部电影和一个奇妙的世界有关。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Dumbo”部分关键句“Forakidwhooftenfeltlikehedidn’tfitin,andwasn’tgoodatanything,itwasmagicaltoseeDumbodiscoverhistalentandbecomelovedandcelebrated.”可知，对于一个经常觉得自己不合群，也不擅长任何事的孩子来说，通过看《小飞象》可以发现自己的才华，变得被人喜爱和赞美。由此可知，《小飞象》这部电影可以吸引缺乏自信的孩子。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“TheNeverEndingStory”部分关键句“Thestoryhaseverythingayoungkidcanaskfor:agreatstory,amythicalflyingdogandaninterestingending.”可知，这部电影讲述的故事包括了一个孩子所能要求的一切：一个伟大的故事、一个神话般的飞狗和一个有趣的结局。由此可推断出，AaronElliott认为《大魔域》这部电影满足了他所有的期望。故选B项。BElizabethFreemanwasbornabout1742toAfricanAmericanparentswhowereslaves.Atthe ageofsixmonthsshewasacquired,alongwithhersister,byJohnAshley,awealthyMassachusettsslaveholder.Shebecameknownas“Mumbet”or“MumBett”.Fornearly30yearsMumbetservedtheAshleyfamily.Oneday,Ashley’swifetriedtostrikeMumbet’ssisterwithaspade.Mumbetprotectedhersisterandtooktheblowinstead.Furious,sheleftthehouseandrefusedtocomeback.WhentheAshleystriedtomakeherreturn,Mumbetconsultedalawyer,TheodoreSedgewick.Withhishelp,Mumbetsued（起诉）forherfreedom.WhileservingtheAshleys,MumbethadlistenedtomanydiscussionsofthenewMassachusettsconstitution.Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.Eventually,Mumbetwonherfreedom—thefirstslaveinMassachusettstodosounderthenewconstitution.Strangelyenough,afterthetrial,theAshleysaskedMumbettocomebackandworkforthemasapaidemployee.ShedeclinedandinsteadwenttoworkforSedgewick.Mumbetdiedin1829,butherlegacylivedoninhermanydescendant（后裔）.Oneofhergreat-grandchildrenwasW.E.B.DuBois,oneofthefoundersoftheNAACP,andanimportantwriterandspokespersonforAfricanAmericancivilrights.Mumbet’stombstone,stillstandsintheMassachusettscemeterywhereshewasburied.Itreads,inpart:“Shewasbornaslaveandremainedaslavefornearlythirtyyears.Shecouldneitherreadnorwrite,yetinherownsphereshehadnosuperiororequal.”4.WhatledtoMumbetrunningawayfromtheAshleys?A.Findinganewemployer.B.Wantingtobealawyer.C.Beingabusedandangry.D.Attendingtohersister.5.WhatinfluencedidthediscussionofthenewconstitutionhaveonMumbet?A.IthelpedMumbettobetterservetheAshleys.B.ItremindedMumbettowinherequalityandfreedom.C.ItcausedMumbettoviolatethenewconstitution.D.IthelpedMumbettoapplyforajobsmoothly.6WhatdoweknowaboutMumbetafterthetrial?A.Shechosetoworkforalawyer.B.Shebecameawriterinherownfield. C.ShefoundedtheNAACPforhergrandchildren.D.Shejumpedatthechancetobeapaidemployee.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Astoryofafamouswriterandspokesperson.B.Thefriendshipbetweenalawyerandaslave.C.ThelifeofabraveAfricanAmericanwoman.D.Atrialthatshockedthewholeworld.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了生来就是奴隶的伊丽莎白•弗里曼为了获得自由和平等的权力而进行勇敢的斗争，最后终于获得自由的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第二段“Oneday,Ashley’swifetriedtostrikeMumbet’ssisterwithaspade.Mumbetprotectedhersisterandtooktheblowinstead.Furious,sheleftthehouseandrefusedtocomeback.”（一天，阿什利的妻子试图用铁锹打芒贝的妹妹。芒贝保护了她的妹妹，反而受到了打击。她怒气冲冲地离开了房子，拒绝回来。）可知芒贝逃跑的原因是自己和妹妹受到了虐待且很生气，故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第三段“WhileservingtheAshleys,MumbethadlistenedtomanydiscussionsofthenewMassachusettsconstitution.Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal,thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.”（在为阿什利一家服务时，芒贝听了许多关于马萨诸塞州新宪法的讨论。如果宪法规定人人自由平等，那么她认为宪法应该适用于她。）可知新宪法提醒玛贝特要赢得平等和自由。故选B项【6题详解】细节理解题。文章第四段第一，二句“Strangelyenough,afterthetrial,theAshleysaskedMumbettocomebackandworkforthemasapaidemployee.ShedeclinedandinsteadwenttoworkforSedgewick.”（奇怪的是，审判结束后，阿什利一家要求玛贝特回来，作为一名有薪雇员为他们工作。她拒绝了，转而为塞奇威克工作。）说明玛贝特拒绝了成为有薪雇员，转而为律师塞奇威克工作。故选A项。【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“ElizabethFreemanwasbornabout1742toAfricanAmericanparentswhowereslaves.”伊丽莎白·弗里曼大约在1742年出生，父母都是奴隶。根据第三段“Eventually,Mumbetwonherfreedom—thefirstslaveinMassachusettstodosounderthenewconstitution.”最终，玛贝特赢得了她的自由——她是马萨诸塞州根据新宪法获得自由的第一个奴隶。根据第四段“Mumbetdiedin1829,”1829年去世。所以短文主要是关于一位勇敢的非裔美国女性的一生。故选C项。CGreenlandisthebiggestislandintheworld.Andtheicesheetthatsitsatopitismassive.“Thepileoficebeingsothick,itextendsmorethan10,000feetabovetheocean.Andifallthaticeweretomeltandgointotheocean,globalsealevelswouldriseby24feeteverywherearoundtheworld,”saidJasonBriner,ageologistattheUniversityatBuffalo.Theicesheetismelting,ofcourse.Butjusthowmuch,comparedtothepast?Briner’steamdidacomputersimulation（模拟）ofthesouthwestoftheGreenlandicesheet,whichhesaysisagoodproxyforicemeltacrosstheentireicesheet.Theresearcherspluggedpastclimatedataintothatmodelto“hindcast”,ratherthanforecast,thepastactivityoftheicesheet.Theythencheckedthemodel’spredictionsofthepastshapeandsizeoftheicesheetbylookingatpilesofrocksanddirtonGreenlandtoday,whichoutlinetheedgesofancientice.Andthesimulationwasingoodagreementwiththeactualsituation.Usingthatreconstructionoftheicesheetovertime,theteamcouldcomparetheicesheet’shistoriclossestothosehappeningtodayunderhuman-causedglobalwarming.AndtheydeterminedthatGreenlandisontracktolosemoreicethiscenturythanduringanycenturyinthepast12,000years—possiblyfourtimesasmuch.TheresultsappearinthejournalNature.Ultimatelyit’suptoushowmuchiceactuallymelts.“Humanityhasthebutton—thecarbonbutton—andthatbuttonisgoingtoinfluencetheratesoficelossfromtheGreenlandicesheet.”Iftheworldgoesnetcarbonzeroby2100,forexample,Brinersaysicelosscouldstop,entirelyattheendofthecentury,accordingtoonemodel.“Thatwaswhatkeptmefrombeingcompletelydepressedaboutourstudy.”Dozensofcountrieshavealreadyannouncedgoalstogonetcarbonzerobythemiddleofthiscentury—sofartheU.S.isnotoneofthem.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“proxy”inParagraph2referto?A.Example.B.Recommendation. C.Combination.D.Interpretation.9.WhatdowelearnfromthecomputersimulationdonebyBriner’steam?A.Itisconductedbypredictingtheactivityoftheicesheet.B.Itcentersonicemeltthroughouttheentireicesheet.C.Itconsistswiththeicesheet’sactualcircumstance.D.Itshowstheicesheet’slossesareindecline.10.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toarousepeople’sinterestinGreenland.B.Topointouttheimportanceofcomputersimulation.C.Toemphasizetheaccuracyofthesimulation.D.ToappealtoAmericatogonetcarbonzero.11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AmericaCausestheIceSheettoMeltB.GlobalSeaLevelsAreRisingC.GreenlandIsMeltingFasterD.ManCanConquerNature【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了一项研究：纽约州立大学水牛城分校的地质学家布里纳的团队通过对格陵兰冰原西南部进行了一次计算机模拟发现，格陵兰岛在本世纪将失去的冰比过去12000年的任何一个世纪都要多，可能是过去的四倍。说明了格陵兰正在加速融化。【详解】1.词义猜测题。根据上文中“Briner’steamdidacomputersimulation（模拟）ofthesouthwestoftheGreenlandicesheet,”（Briner的团队做了一个格陵兰冰原冰盖西南部的计算机模拟），可以推测此处应该是指“这是对整个冰盖融化的一个很好的诠释/解释”，选项DInterpretation.“解释”符合文意。故选D。2.推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Andthesimulationwasingoodagreementwiththeactualsituation.”（仿真结果与实际情况吻合较好。）选项C“Itconsistwiththeicesheet'sactualcircumstanc”（这与冰原的实际情况相符）与文意一致，故选C。3.推理判断题。由最后一段中“Iftheworldgoesnetcarbonzeroby2100,forexample,Brinersaysicelosscouldstop,entirelyattheendofthecentury,accordingtoonemodel. ”（比如说，如果到2100年全球的碳排放量达到零。布里纳说，根据一个模型，冰川融化可能会在本世纪末完全停止。）及最后一句“Dozensofcountrieshavealreadyannouncedgoalstogonetcarbonzerobythemiddleofthiscentury—sofartheU.S.isnotoneofthem.”（许多国家已经宣布了在本世纪中叶实现碳零排放的目标，但美国还没有达到这一目标。）可推知，本文的写作目的就是呼吁美国能实现碳零排放。故选D。4.主旨大意题。结合文章第二段中“Briner’steamdidacomputersimulation（模拟）ofthesouthwestoftheGreenlandicesheet,whichhesaysisagoodproxyforicemeltacrosstheentireicesheet.”（布里纳的团队做了一个格陵兰冰原冰盖西南部的计算机模拟，他说这是整个冰盖融化的很好的诠释。）及第二段最后一句“Andthesimulationwasingoodagreementwiththeactualsituation.”（模拟结果与实际情况吻合）；第三段中“AndtheydeterminedthatGreenlandisontracktolosemoreicethiscenturythanduringanycenturyinthepast12,000years—possiblyfourtimesasmuch.”（他们断定格陵兰岛在本世纪将失去的冰比过去12000年的任何一个世纪都要多，可能是过去的四倍。）据此可知，全文说明了格陵兰岛的冰正在加速融化。故选C。DBricksareoneoftheoldestknownbuildingmaterials,datingbackthousandsofyears.ButresearchersatWashingtonUniversityinSt.Louishavefoundanewuseforbricks:asenergystorageunits.Ateamofengineersandchemistshavefoundawaytotransformanordinaryhousebrickintoapseudo-battery—allowingittoconductandstoreelectricity.Thebricksarepowerfulenoughtoilluminate（点亮）anLEDlightbulbandcostonlyabout$3tomake.“Ilovetheideaofaddingvaluetothingsthatareinexpensive,thingsthatareaffordable,thingsthatwekindoftakeforgranted,”saidJulioD’Arcy,anassistantprofessorofchemistryatWashingtonUniversityandoneoftheresearchersonthisproject.Thebrickbatteryreliesonthereddishpigment（色素）knownasironoxide,orrust,thatgivesredbrickstheircolor.Thescientistspumpedthebrickswithseveralgasesthatreactwithironoxidetoproduceanetworkofplasticfibers.Thesemicroscopicfiberscoattheemptyspacesinsidethebricks—andconductelectricity.“Whatwe’retryingtodois:we’retryingtomakespecializedplasticsthatareonlyusedonthenano（纳米）scale—whereweuseverylittleoftheplastic,andwecanactuallyinsertthatplasticinsideconstructionmaterials.”ThestudyisinthejournalNatureCommunications. Inthefuture,D’Arcysays,abrickwallcouldpotentiallyserveadoublepurpose:providingstructuralsupportandstoringelectricitygeneratedfromrenewableenergysources,suchassolarpanels.Thetechnologyisstillatleastafewyearsawayfrombeingreadyforthecommercialmarket.Andrightnowtheenergystoragecapacityofthebricksisstillprettylow—about1percentofalithiumbattery.Buttheteamisnowtestingwaystoimprovebrickperformance—becauseitlookslikeyoucanteachanoldbricknewtricks.12.WhatappealstoJulioD’Arcylistingbricksastheirsubjects?A.Theirlowexpense.B.Theircommonexistence.C.Theiradditionalvalue.D.Theirinternalcomposition.13.Whatisthelaststepofmakingabrickconductelectricity?A.Pumpthebrickwithgases.B.Colorthebrickred.C.Producemicroscopicfibers.D.Coveritsinnervacancywithmicroscopicfibers.14.Whatwillthefuturebricksbelikeaccordingtothepassage?A.Constructionmaterialspossessinglowenergystoragecapacity.B.Constructionmaterialsgeneratingrenewableenergyresources.C.Constructionmaterialsusedforelectricitystorage.D.Constructionmaterialswithbuilt-incommonplastic.15.Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor’sattitudetothetechnology?A.Skeptical.B.Objective.C.Conservative.D.Controversial.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了一项新的研究发现：圣路易斯华盛顿大学的研究人员发现了砖块的新用途：作为储能单元，可以用来贮存电力。【详解】1.细节理解题。由题干关键词“JulioD’Arcy”定位到第二段中“Ilovetheideaofaddingvaluetothingsthatareinexpensive,thingsthatareaffordable,thingsthatwekindoftakefor granted,”（我喜欢把价值赋予那些不贵的东西，那些我们可以负担得起的东西，那些我们认为理所当然的东西的这个想法）。即JulioD’Arcy认为可以在砖块上面实现附加价值。故选C。2.细节理解题。由题干关键词“abrickconductelectricity”定位到第三段“Thebrickbatteryreliesonthereddishpigment（色素）knownasironoxide,orrust,thatgivesredbrickstheircolor.Thescientistspumpedthebrickswithseveralgasesthatreactwithironoxidetoproduceanetworkofplasticfibers.Thesemicroscopicfiberscoattheemptyspacesinsidethebricks—andconductelectricity.”（砖块电池依赖于红色的颜料，氧化铁，或铁锈，使红砖呈现出它们的颜色。科学家们用几种气体与氧化铁反应生成一个塑料纤维网络。这些微小的纤维覆盖了砖块内部的空隙，并导电。）可知，第—步∶colorthebrickred；第二步∶pumpthebrickwithgaes；第三步∶producemicroscopicfibers；第四步∶coattheemptyspacesinsidethebricks，所以最后一步是用显微纤维覆盖砖块内部的空隙。故答案为D。3.推理判断题。根据文中第五段中“Inthefuture,D’Arcysays,abrickwallcouldpotentiallyserveadoublepurpose:providingstructuralsupportandstoringelectricitygeneratedfromrenewableenergysources,suchassolarpanels.”（D’Arcy说：“在未来，砖墙可能有双重用途：提供结构支撑和储存可再生能源产生的电力，比如太阳能电池板。”）可知，未来的砖墙是能够贮存电力的建筑材料。选项C符合题意。故选C。4.推理判断题。结合最后一段“Thetechnologyisstillatleastafewyearsawayfrombeingreadyforthecommercialmarket.Andrightnowtheenergystoragecapacityofthebricksisstillprettylow”（这项技术至少还需要几年才能投入商业市场。现在砖块的储能能力仍然很低）可推知，此处作者是从客观实际阐述这种新技术。所以态度上市很客观的。选项A.“怀疑的”；选项B.“客观的”符合题意。选项C.“保守的，守旧的”；选项D.“有争议的”。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howfitareyourteeth?Areyoulazyaboutbrushingthem?Neverfear:Aninventorisonthecase.Anelectrictoothbrushsenseshowlongandhowwellyoubrush,____16____.TheKolibreetoothbrushwasexhibitedattheInternationalConsumerElectronicsShowinLasVegasthisweek.ItsenseshowitismovedandcansendtheinformationtoanAndroidphoneoriPhoneviaaBluetoothwirelessconnection. Thetoothbrushwillbeabletoteachyoutobrushright（Don’tforgettheinsidesoftheteeth!）andmakesureyou’rebrushinglongenough.“____17____.”saysThomasServal,theFrenchinventor.___18___,sodeveloperscould,forinstance,createagamecontrolledbyyourtoothbrush.Youcouldscorepointsforbeatingmonstersamongyourteeth.“Wetrytomakeitsmartbutalsofun,”Servalsays.Servalsayshewasinspiredbyhisexperienceasafather.Hewouldcomehomefromworkandhischildrentoldhimthattheyhadbrushedtheirteeth.Hewaspleasedwiththeirbehavior____19____.Hedecidedheneededabrushthatreallytoldhimhowwellhischildrenbrushed.ThecompanysaystheKolibreewillgoonsalethissummer,for$99to$199,dependingonfeatures.TheU.S.isthefirsttargetmarket.Servalsaysthatoneday,it’llbepossibletoreplacethebrushonthehandlewithabrushingunitthatalsohasacamera.____20____.A.thusawardingthemmoretoothbrushesB.onlytofindtheirtoothbrushheadsdryC.ThecameracanalsocheckmoretoothproblemsD.ItcanevenshootholesinyourteethwhileyoubrushE.anditletsyoutrackyourperformanceonyourphoneF.ThetoothbrushwillalsobeabletotalktootherapplicationsonyourphoneG.It’skindoflikehavingadentistactuallywatchyourbrushingonaday-to-daybasis【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.B20.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一种新型的电动牙刷既智能又有趣，能够检查人们的刷牙情况。【详解】1.根据上文中“Anelectrictoothbrushsenseshowlongandhowwellyoubrush,”（电动牙刷可以感知你刷牙的时间长短和刷得好坏,）及下文中“ItsenseshowitismovedandcansendtheinformationtoanAndroidphoneoriPhoneviaaBluetoothwirelessconnection.”（它能感知牙刷移动方式，并通过蓝牙无线连接将信息发送到安卓手机或苹果手机。）可知，接下来描述的这种电动牙刷的功能在手机上能实现什么。选项E.“anditletsyoutrackyour performanceonyourphone”（它能让你在手机上追踪你的表现）符合句意。故选E。2.根据上文中“Thetoothbrushwillbeabletoteachyoutobrushrightandmakesureyou’rebrushinglongenough.”（这个牙刷会教你正确的刷牙，确保你刷牙的时间足够长。）可知，牙刷实现了教你刷牙的功能，这是牙医的职责，所以接下来就是讲牙刷就像牙医一样可以做事。选项G.“It’skindoflikehavingadentistactuallywatchyourbrushingonaday-to-daybasis”（这有点像让牙医每天监视你刷牙）符合题意。故选G。3.根据上文中“Thetoothbrushwillbeabletoteachyoutobrushright”（这个牙刷会教你正确的刷牙）可知，讲述了牙刷的功能。是段落的中心句。根据句子特点，此处处于段首，同样讲述牙刷的功能。选项F.“Thetoothbrushwillalsobeabletotalktootherapplicationsonyourphone”（牙刷也可以和你手机上的其他应用程序通话），“also”和上文构成了递进关系。符合文意。故选F。4.根据上文“hischildrentoldhimthattheyhadbrushedtheirteeth.Hewaspleasedwiththeirbehavior,”（他的孩子们告诉他他们已经刷过牙了，他对他们的行为很满意,）及下文中“Hedecidedheneededabrushthatreallytoldhimhowwellhischildrenbrushed.”(他决定需要一把刷子来告诉他，他的孩子如何刷好牙。）可知，孩子们没有刷好牙，空白处讲述他看到孩子们的牙刷后的情况。选项B.“onlytofindtheirtoothbrushheadsdry”（却发现他们的牙刷头是干的）符合文意。故选B。5.根据上文“it’llbepossibletoreplacethebrushonthehandlewithabrushingunitthatalsohasacamera.”（可以把手柄上的牙刷头换成带摄像头的牙刷。）可知，接下来讲述的是带摄像头的牙刷的好处。选项C.“Thecameracanalsocheckmoretoothproblems”（摄像头还能检查更多的牙齿问题）符合文意。故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenIwasnineyearsold.Ilovedtogofishingwithmydad.Buttheonlythingthatwasn’tvery____21____aboutitwasthathecouldcatchmanyfishwhileIcouldn’tcatchanything.Iusuallygot____22____upsetandkeptaskinghimwhy.Healwaysanswered“Son,ifyouwanttocatchafish,youhavetothinklikeafish.”Irememberbeingevenmoreupsetthenbecause.“I’m notafish!”Ididn’tknowhowto____23____thesamethought.Besides,I____24____,howcouldwhatIthinkinfluencewhatafishdoes?AsIgotalittleolderIbegantounderstandwhatmydadrally____25____.So,Ireadsomebooksonfish.AndIevenjoinedthelocalfishingclubandstartedattendingthe____26____meetings.Ilearnedthatafishisacold-bloodedanimalandthereforeisvery____27____towatertemperature.Thatiswhyfishprefer____28____watertodeepwaterbecausetheformeriswarmer.Besides.waterisusuallywarmerindirectsunlightthaninthe____29____.Yet.fishdon’thaveanyeyelids（眼皮）andthesunhurtstheireyes.ThemoreIunderstoodfish.themoreIbecame_____30_____atfindingandcatchingthem.WhenIgrewupandenteredthe_____31_____circles,Irememberhearingmyfirstbosssay,“Weallneedtothinklike_____32_____.”Butitdidn’tcompletely_____33_____.Mydadneveroncesaid.“Ifyouwanttocatchafishyouneedtothinklikeafisherman.”Yearslater,withgreateffortstopromote_____34_____servicestopeoplemucholderandricherthanme,Icameto_____35_____whatweallneedistothinkmorelikecustomers.21.A.funB.discouragedC.contentD.amused22.A.stillB.prettyC.evenD.again23.A.strikeB.shareC.thinkD.enquire24.A.reasonedB.deniedC.editedD.recognized25.A.experiencedB.announcedC.meantD.mattered26.A.regularB.religiousC.beneficialD.convenient27.A.sensibleB.considerateC.tolerantD.sensitive28.A.dampB.freshC.shallowD.shabby29.A.settlementB.shelterC.shadeD.exposure30.A.effectiveB.confidentC.madD.accurate31.A.administrationB.agricultureC.businessD.government32.A.customersB.salespeopleC.fishermenD.fathers 33.A.makeprogressB.makesenseC.takerisksD.takeplace34.A.old-styleB.clear-cutC.small-businessD.long-term.35.A.combB.imitateC.establishD.realize【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.A25.C26.A27.D28.C29.C30.D31.C32.B33.B34.D35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了小时候父亲教作者钓鱼，告诉他像鱼一样思考才能钓到鱼，多年后进入商界的作者通过父亲的话并结合多年的实践认识到应该像客户一样思考。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但唯一无趣的是，他能钓到很多鱼，而我什么也钓不到。A.fun有趣的；B.discouraged丧气的；C.content满意的；D.amused逗乐的。根据前文的“Ilovedtogofishingwithmydad.”以及本句的“But”可以得知这句话与前句呈转折关系，作者原本兴冲冲地和父亲一起去钓鱼，但总是钓不到鱼，这是比较扫兴的，即没意思的，故选A项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我通常很沮丧，不停地问他为什么。A.still仍旧；B.pretty很；C.even甚至；D.again再次。联系前文可知作者钓不到鱼，所以心情很沮丧，“pretty”用来强调作者心情的沮丧程度。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道如何分享同样的想法。A.strike碰撞；B.share分享；C.think认为；D.enquire询问。根据前文“I’mnotafish!”可知，作者没法认为自己是一条鱼，所以不知道如何分享同样的想法，指“像鱼一样思考”。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我思忖着，我的想法怎么会影响鱼的行为呢？A.reasoned推论；B.denied否定；C.edited编辑；D.recognized意识。根据空后的“howcouldwhatIthinkinfluencewhatafishdoes?”可知，作者在想的想法怎么会影响鱼的行为呢？用reason一词突出了作者的不解，故选A项。 【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我开始明白我父亲的意思。A.experienced经历；B.announced宣布；C.meant意思是；D.mattered要紧。这里指的是父亲让他像鱼一样思考的意思。故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我甚至加入了当地的钓鱼俱乐部，开始参加定期的会议。A.regular规律的；B.religious宗教的；C.beneficial有利的；D.convenient方便的。通过前文得知，作者为了让自己感受到鱼的感受，参加了俱乐部，通过推测，俱乐部的会议是定期会议。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我学到了鱼是冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。A.sensible明智的；B.considerate体贴的；C.tolerant宽容的；D.sensitive敏感的。根据前文得知鱼是冷血动物，所以推测出鱼对水温敏感。故选D项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么鱼喜欢浅水而不是深水，因为前者更温暖。A.damp潮湿；B.fresh新鲜；C.shallow浅的；D.shabby破旧的。根据前文“fishisacold-bloodedanimalandthereforeisverysensitivetowatertemperature.”可以得知鱼是冷血动物，对水温非常敏感。而且通过前文的“prefer”可知此处与后文“deepwater”相反的意思。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，阳光直射下的水通常比阴凉处的水更热。A.settlement解决；B.shelter居所；C.shade阴影；D.exposure暴露。与前文的“directsunlight”相反，此处应该说的是阴凉处的水。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我越了解鱼，我就越能准确地发现和捕捉它们。A.effective有效的；B.confident自信的；C.mad疯狂的；D.accurate准确的。联系上下文得知，作者越了解鱼，就越能准确地抓到鱼。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我长大进入商界时，我记得我的第一任老板说过：“我们都需要像客户一样思考。”A.administration行政管理；B.agriculture农业；C.business商业；D.government政府。根据后文“weallneedistothinkmorelikecustomers. ”得知作者的工作是服务客户，所以他进入了商界。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我长大进入商界时，我记得我的第一任老板说过：“我们都需要像销售员一样思考。”A.customers顾客；B.salespeople销售人员；C.fishermen渔民；D.fathers父亲。根据空后的“Mydadneveroncesaid.“Ifyouwanttocatchafishyouneedtothinklikeafisherman.”可知，我父亲从未说过，“如果你想钓到一条鱼，你需要像渔夫一样思考。”，因此此处用salespeople对应fisherman，表明老板的观点不对，故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：但这完全行不通。A.makeprogress取得进展；B.makesense有意义；C.takerisks冒险；D.takeplace发生。根据空后的“Mydadneveroncesaid.“Ifyouwanttocatchafishyouneedtothinklikeafisherman.”可知，我父亲从未说过，“如果你想钓到一条鱼，你需要像渔夫一样思考。”，并结合下文作者通过实践最终认识到的道理可知，老板说的话根本行不通，应该向客户一样思考而不是像销售人员一样思考，故选B项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几年后，通过努力向比我年长和富有得多的人长期进行服务，我逐渐意识到我们都需要的是更像客户一样思考。A.old-style旧式的；B.clear-cut明确的；C.small-business小企业的；D.long-term长期的。通过本句前面“Yearslater”，将时间点定位在几年后，所以是长期服务。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，通过努力向比我年长和富有得多的人长期进行服务，我逐渐意识到我们都需要的是更像客户一样思考。A.comb梳理；B.imitate模仿；C.establish建立；D.realize意识到。作者通过结合父亲的话和多年的实践，最终领悟出了人生哲理，逐渐意识到我们都需要的是更像客户一样思考。故选D项。【点睛】第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ThelandmarksuccessofherbalexpertTuYouyou,thefirstChinesewoman____36____(win) aNobelPrizeinScience,____37____(arouse)anextremesenseofnationalprideandhopesonthefutureofTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM)inthepastfewdays.Tu,bornin1930,sharedthe2015NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewithIrish-bornWilliamCampbellandJapan’sOmuraforherdiscoveries____38____(concern)atreatmentformalaria（疟疾）.ShediscoveredArtemisinin（青蒿素）,adrug____39____hassignificantlyreducedthedeathratesforpatientssufferingfrommalaria.“ArtemisininisagiftfortheworldpeoplefromthetraditionalChinesemedicine.Itisofgreatsignificanceforcuringmalariaandotherinfectiousdiseasesandforprotectingthehealthoftheworldpeople.”TusaidinBeijing.Theprizewinningis____40____honorforChina’ssciencecauseandtraditionalChinesemedicineintheircourseofreachingouttotheworld.“Tu’swinningtheprizesignifiesChina’sprosperityandprogressin____41____(science)andtechnologicalfield,marksagreatcontributionoftraditionalChinesemedicine____42____thecauseofhumanhealth.andshowsChina’sgrowingstrengthsandrisinginternationalstanding,”PremierLiKeqiangsaidinacongratulatoryletteronMondayevening.In1951,she____43____(admit)intoBeijingUniversity,majoringinpharmacognosy（生药学）.Sincegraduatingfromcollegein1955,shehasbeenachiefresearcherandprofessorattheBeijing-basedChinaAcademyofChineseMedicalSciences.In2011,TuwonAmerica’srespectedLaskerAwardfortheanti-malariatherapy.OnWeibo,thebreakingnewshasbeensentbyatleasttensofthousandsofusersandreceivedcountless____44____(thumb-up).Netizen“Xiaoxie”wrote,“NowIfeel____45____(true)proudofbeingamedicalstudent.【答案】36.towin37.hasaroused38.concerning39.which/that40.an41.scientific42.to43.wasadmitted44.thumb-ups45.truly【解析】 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了中国的屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的消息及影响。【详解】1.考查非谓语。句意：中国第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖的女性，中药专家屠呦呦在过去的几天里取得了里程碑式的成功，激起了极大的民族自豪感和对中医药未来的希望。根据上文中“thefirstChinesewoman”可知，当名词前有序数词修饰时，用不定式作后置定语。故填towin。2.考查现在完成时。句意同上。根据下文中“inthepastfewdays”，意为“在过去的几天里”，为时间段，结合现在完成时的用法：当时间状语为“during/in/overthelast/past+时间段”，主句要用现在完成时。本句主语为“thefirstChinesewoman”，是单数，故填hasaroused。3.考查非谓语。句意：屠呦呦生于1930年，因为她在疟疾治疗方面的发现，在2015年与爱尔兰出生的威廉·塞西尔·坎贝尔和日本大村共同获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。分析句子可知，本句中谓语为动词“shared”，“herdiscoveries”与“concern”为主谓关系，所以要用非谓语的现在分词形式作后置定语，故填concerning。4.考查定语从句。句意：她发现了青蒿素，这是一种能显著降低疟疾患者死亡率的药物。分析句子可知，“　　　　4　　　　hassignificantlyreducedthedeathratesforpatientssufferingfrommalaria”为定语从句，修饰先行词“adrug”，同时先行词在定语从句中作主语，故填which/that。5.考查冠词。句意：这个奖是中国科学事业和中医药走向世界的光荣。根据下文中“honor”，意为“让人引以为荣的事”，为可数名词，因为首个音节为元音，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。6.考查形容词。句意：“屠呦呦获奖标志着中国在科学技术领域的繁荣与进步，标志着中医药对人类健康事业的巨大贡献。”根据下文中“andtechnologicalfield,”可知，此处和“technological”并列用形容词作定语，故填scientific。7.考查介词。句意同上。固定搭配：contributetosth.“对某事的贡献”，故填to。8.考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：1951年，她考入北京大学，主修生药学。根据上文中“In1951”可知，时态用一般过去时；主语”she”和谓语动词“admit”为被动关系，要用被动语态。故填wasadmitted。9.考查名词复数。句意：在微博上，这条新闻已经被至少成千上万的用户转发，并收到了无数的点赞。结合上文中countless（无数的）可知此处要用名词复数，故填thumb-ups。10.考查副词。句意：现在我真的为自己是一个医科学生而感到骄傲。根据下文中“proud ”为形容词，所以此处要用副词修饰。形容词“true”，意为“真的”，副词形式为“truly”。故填truly。第四部分写作（共两节；满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假设你是李华，在美国某中学做交流生。你的同学对中国宴请赴约的习俗很感兴趣，特请你用英语写一篇发言稿，介绍中国的宴请习俗。内容包括：1.到达时间；2.餐桌礼仪；3.饮酒习俗。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答；3.参考词汇：banquet宴会Hello,everyone,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Ladiesandgentlemen,IfeelgreatlyhonoredtobeheretotellyousomethingaboutChinesebanquetcustoms.Firstly,banquetsareusuallyheldinprivateroomsinrestaurantswhichhavebeenreservedforthepurpose.Guests,whohavebeeninvited,willbemetatthedooronthedaywhenthebanquetisheld.Secondly,whileatbanquets,guestsdon’tbegintoeatuntilthehostraiseshischopsticks.DrinkingalsotakesanimportantplaceduringaChinesebanquet.Banquetsalwaysbeginwithatoast.Finally,whenthelastdishisfinished,thebanquethasofficiallyended.Generally,thehostwillsaygood-byetoeveryoneatthedoorandstaylongertopaythebill.Thankyouforlistening.【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇发言稿，介绍中国的宴请习俗。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时,少量现在完成时等。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.到达时间；2.餐桌礼仪；3.饮酒习俗。第二步:列提纲（重点词组）inprivateroomsinrestaurants;bemetatthedoor;ontheday;notbegintoeatuntilthehostraiseshischopsticks;beginwithatoast;thelastdish;saygood-byetoeveryone第三步：连词成句1.IfeelgreatlyhonoredtobeheretotellyousomethingaboutChinesebanquetcustoms.2.Firstly,banquetsareusuallyheldinprivateroomsinrestaurantswhichhavebeenreservedforthepurpose.3.Guests,whohavebeeninvited,willbemetatthedooronthedaywhenthebanquetisheld.4.Secondly,whileatbanquets,guestsdon’tbegintoeatuntilthehostraiseshischopsticks.5.DrinkingalsotakesanimportantplaceduringaChinesebanquet.6.Banquetsalwaysbeginwithatoast.7.Finally,whenthelastdishisfinished,thebanquethasofficiallyended.8.Generally,thehostwillsaygood-byetoeveryoneatthedoorandstaylongertopaythebill.9.Thankyouforlistening.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）如：表文章结构顺序：Firstly,Secondly,Finally连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】[高分句型1]Firstly,banquetsareusuallyheldinprivateroomsinrestaurantswhich havebeenreservedforthepurpose.（关系代词which引导的限制性定语从句）[高分句型2]Guests,whohavebeeninvited,willbemetatthedooronthedaywhenthebanquetisheld.（关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasarainyNovembermorning.OvercomewithangerIknewifIdidn’tleavethehousesoonIwouldlosemytemperwithmyhusband,Joe.Asraincamedowninsheets,Joeofferedtotakemetowork.Istruggledintomyjacket,seizedmybagandteachingplansandignoredhim.Heinsistedandreachedforhisboots.Ilookedatthepilesofnewspapersandthedirtydishessillonthetable.“Don’tyouhaveenoughtodo?Icantakecareofmyself.”Istormedout,notevenkissinghimgood-bye.Joeshoutedaftermenottotaketheshortcut.JoeandIhadbeeneagerlylookingforwardtoourretirementwhenaheartattackthatpastspringforcedhimtoleavehisjobearlierthanwehadplanned.AsthemedicalbillsmountedwerealizedIwouldhavetocontinueworkingfull-timewhileJoestayedhomeandtookoverthehousework.Thenewarrangementwasadisaster.Exhaustedafteradayoffullwork,allIwantedwasahothome-cookedmealandagoodnight’ssleep.However,whatgreetedmeatthetablewasamicrowavepackage.Sometimeshewouldserveoatmeal（燕麦）forseveralnightsinarow.OnenightwhenIdraggedmyselftobed,IwasterrifiedtodiscoverJoehadturnedourwhitesheetsblue.Hetoldmehehadfoundouthowtosaveonwater,soapandelectricity.Hepattedhisbluetrousersandannouncedproudlywashingeverythingtogetherwasjustthesecret.Tenminuteslater,ignoringJoeswarning,Iturnedoffthemainroute.Ithoughtithadn’trainedenoughtofloodtheroad,butasIroundedthecornerwaterrushedacrossmypath.Afterafewfeet,thecargotstuck.Iopenedthedoorandwaterpouredin.Ihurriedlyclosedthedoor.Icouldn’triskwalkinginthis.Almost20minutespassed.Thecarbegantoshake.IgotfrightenedtodeathwhenIheardthreelonghonks（喇叭声）.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Lookingovermyshoulder,Istaredintotheflashinglightsofatruck. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________IscreamedatJoethatIcouldn’tmakeit.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Paragraph1:Lookingovermyshoulder,Istaredintotheflashinglightsofatruck.ItwasJoe！Icouldn’thelpburstingintotears.Joeshoutedtomenottobefrightened.ThenhethrewathickropesothatIcouldhangontoitandwalkstraighttowardhim.Iopenedthedoor,grabbeditandinchedout.However,asuddenfallleftmeintherushingwater.Istruggledtomyfeet,onlytofindabranchblockingthewayrightinfrontofme.Paragraph2:IscreamedthatIcouldn’tmakeit.Joe,however,remainedcalm！HeurgedmetotakeonestepatatimeandassuredmeIcouldmakeit.ImovedforwardslowlyandcautiouslybeforeIfellintohisarms.Sobbingagainsthischest,IapologizedthatIshouldn’thavetakentheshortcut.Joepattedmesayinghisprimaryconcernwasmysafety.OnlythendidIrealizeJoeactuallyunderstoodhowtotakecareofmedespitehistroublewiththehousework.【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲叙了十一月的一个早晨，下着大雨，作者的丈夫Joe叮嘱作者不要抄近路去上班，而作者没有听丈夫的话，还是走了近路，结果车被困在了积满雨水的道路上。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我回过头，盯着一辆卡车闪烁的灯光。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现是丈夫来解救自己，以及丈夫解救作者的经过，最后作者被一根树枝拦住了。②由第二段首句内容“我尖叫着说我过去不了。”可知，第二段可描写作者的丈夫是如何鼓励作者克服了困难的，最后作者意识到丈夫其实懂得如何照顾自己，尽管他做家务很麻烦。 2.续写线索：回头看到灯光——丈夫开车救援——鼓励——成功解救——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①大喊：shoutatsb./cryout/callout②抓住：getholdof/catchholdof/seize/clench/grab③鼓励：encourage/urge/inspire④哭泣：weep/sob/cry⑤道歉：apologize/makeanapology/saysorryfor情绪类①感谢：showappreciation/showgratitude/begrateful②积极：positiveattitude/actpositively【点睛】[高分句型1].ThenhethrewathickropesothatIcouldhangontoitandwalkstraighttowardhim.(运用了sothat引导的目的状语从句)[高分句型2].OnlythendidIrealizeJoeactuallyunderstoodhowtotakecareofmedespitehistroublewiththehousework.（运用了“only+副词”置于句首的倒装句。）