（新教材）2021-2022学年高二英语上学期第一次月考备考B卷（带解析）

（新教材）此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号2021-2022学年上学期高二第一次月考备考金卷英语（B）注意事项：1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷（选择题）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C.1.Howistheweatherinthemountains?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Snowy.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Cooking.B.Traditions.C.Experiments.3.Whydoesthemanreadinweaklight?A.Heisafraidoflight.B.Hedoesn'tcareabouthiseyes.C.Hedoesn'twanttobotherhisbrother. 4.Howmuchmoneydidtheman1lendthewomaninall?A.$70.B$80.C.$100.5.Whatistheman'sopinionaboutsleep?；A.Fourhoursisplentyforhim.B.Eighthoursistoomuchforthewoman.C.Sixhoursistheleastformostpeople.第二节（共15小题海小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选岀最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你蒋有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthekitchen.B.Inthebedroom.C.Inthestudy.7.Whendoesthemanplantogotosleep?A.At11:00p.m.B.At3:00a.m.C.At4:00a.m.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.HowlongdidMarcoPolotravel?A.For13years.B.For17years.C.For24years.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomandointheend?-A.ReadastorybookaboutXuanzang.B.WriteanessayaboutMarcoPolo.C.Imaginethelifeinancienttimes;听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatlanguageisRichardfluentin?A.French.B.Spanish.C.Italian.11.WhatisMollygoingtodo?A.SpendayearinFrance.B.SpendsixmonthsinFrance.C.SpendayearinSpain.12.WhatisRichard'sadviceforlearninganewlanguage? A.Goingtravelingoften.B.Usingthedictionaryoften.C.Surroundingoneselfintheenvironment.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhatwillHenrydoatthebeach?A.Goswimming.B.Gowalking.C.Gobiking.14.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Managerandcustomer.15.Whywon'tKellygotothebeachtomorrow?A.Itwillrain.B.Shehastowork.C.Sheissensitivetothesun.16.Whowilldrivethe—cartoday?A.Ryan.B.Henry.C.Kelly.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题.17.WhatwouldMADArchitectspreferbuildingstobelike?A.Moreenvironmentallyfriendly.B.Moreattractive.C.Moretraditional.18.WhatdoesMADArchitectswanttoprovide?A.Thesituationofseparationfromnature.B.Theexperienceoflivinginancienttimes.C.Thefeelingofbeinginthenaturalworld.19.WherewilltheUrbanForestbebuilt?A.InBeijing.B.InChongqing.C.InRome；20.Whoshouldapplyforajobaccordingtothetalk?AArchitects.B.Engineers.C.Officeworkers.【答案】1—5CACCC6—10ABCAB11—15BCBAA16—20CACBA第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。A Downey’smotherspentoneyearstudyingabroadthroughaninternationalexchangeprogramwithaFrenchschool.Sheoftentalkedabouthowexcitingandinterestingtheexperiencewas.So,evenbeforefinishinghighschool,Downeyhaddecidedtofollowsuitoneday.DowneybeganstudyingarchitectureatLehighUniversityinBethlehem,Pennsylvaniain2004.Neartheendofhersecondyear,shestartedtofeelunhappywithherschoolanddecideditwastimetostudyabroad.U.S.collegesanduniversitiescommonlyhavejointprogramswithforeignschoolsthatpermitstudentexchanges.Theseprogramsusuallylasthalfaschoolyearorsometimesawholeschoolyear.Theclassesstudentstakeabroadusuallygivethemcreditstowardtheirdegree.Inafouryeardegreeprogram,thethirdyearisthemostcommontimeforAmericancollegestudentstostudyabroad.Manystudentsthinktheyneedachangebeforewhatisusuallytheirfinalandmostdifficultyearofstudy.Downeysaidherschooldidnotwanthertogoatfirst.ThearchitectureprogramatLehighwasveryintense,andherprofessorswereworriedshemightmisslearningimportantmaterial.However,shewaseventuallyabletogetspecialpermissiontostudyinternationallyforawholeyear.Duringthefalltermin2006,sheattendedaDanishinternationalschoolinCopenhagen,Denmark,explainingshedidsobecauseDanisharchitectsarewellknownfortheirhousingdesign.Youngadultasshewas,shehadtodealwithtraveldocumentsandmanyotherissues(问题)onherown.Overcomingthelanguagebarrieristhebiggestchallengeofstudyingabroad.However,shehadalotofemotional(情感的)andfinancialsupportfromherfamily.Shelearnedlifelessonsandmadefriendshipsandmemoriesthathavelastedtothisday.Shesaid,“Themoreyou'reoutofyourcomfortzone,themorerewardingtheexperienceisintheend.”21．WhatdoesDowney’smothermeantoDowney?A．Afriend.B．Adreamer.C．Anexample.D．Anexpert.22．WhatmadeDowneychoosetheDanishinternationalschool? A．Thefamouslearnedprofessors.B．Thecasuallearningenvironment.C．Theimpressiveacademicreputation.D．Thefavorablegeographicallocation.23．Whatcanweinferaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．ItwasnoteasyforDowneytostudyabroad.B．Thecomfortablelifeislikelytoruinthefuturelife.C．Downeywastooyoungtotakecareofherself.D．Downey'sparentscouldhardlyaffordhereducation.【答案】21-23CCA【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国女孩唐尼的出国留学之路。21.推理判断题。根据第一段“Downey'smotherspentoneyearstudyingabroadthroughaninternationalexchangeprogramwithaFrenchschool.Sheoftentalkedabouthowexcitingandinterestingtheexperiencewas.So,evenbeforefinishinghighschool,Downeyhaddecidedtofollowsuitoneday.”可知，唐尼的妈妈曾参加过一个法国学校的国际交流项目，在国外学习了一年，她经常谈论那次经历是多么令人兴奋和有趣，所以甚至在高中毕业之前，唐尼就已经决定有一天也要像妈妈一样出国留学，由此可知，唐尼的妈妈在她眼中是个优秀的榜样，故C项正确。22.细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Duringthefalltermin2006,sheattendedaDanishinternationalschoolinCopenhagen,Denmark,explainingshedidsobecauseDanisharchitectsarewellknownfortheirhousingdesign.”可知，2006年秋季学期，唐尼就读于丹麦哥本哈根的一所丹麦国际学校，她解释说她这样做是因为丹麦建筑师以房屋设计而闻名，故C项正确。23.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“shehadtodealwithtraveldocumentsandmanyotherissues(问题)onherown.Overcomingthelanguagebarrieristhebiggestchallengeofstudyingabroad.”及“you'reoutofyourcomfortzone”可知，唐尼在国外不得不独自处理包括旅行证件在内的许多问题，还要克服出国留学的最大挑战——语言障碍，还要走出自己的舒适区，也就是说唐尼的留学生活并不容易，故A项正确。B Livingabroadtostudycancertainlybeaninterestingexperiencebutisthataloneagoodenoughreasonforspendingyearsfarawayfromhome?Tomaketheexperiencetrulyworthwhile,therehastobeagoalbehindthedecisiontostudyabroad.Thismaybeawishtoperfectlanguageskillsinaforeignlanguageenvironment,oraclevermoveinyourcareerdevelopment.Youmustalsoconsiderthecosts,notjustoflivingandstudyingabroad,butofapplying.Mostuniversitiesnowchargeapplicationfeesforinternationalstudents.Ifafterconsideringthesepointsyouaresurethatyouwanttoapplytostudyabroad,yournextstepistochoosetherightprogrammeofstudies.Researchyourchoicesandselectcarefully.Youmustdoyourhomeworkwell.Mostuniversitieshaveinformationonlinebutyoucanalsoemailandaskthemtosendyoumoredetails.Youcanfindalotofinformationonschoolrankingfromeducationwebsites.Butreadcarefully.Differentuniversitiesemphasizedifferentstrengths.Don’tjustthinkabouttheuniversity’sreputation;lookforthemostsuitableforyourgoals.Next,youmustdealwithalargepileofpaperwork.Thisinvolvesfillinginapplicationforms,preparingyourschoolrecords,andgettingreferenceletters.Readingtheinstructionsandrequirementsoftheuniversitiescarefullyisofgreatimportance.Sadly,manyfineapplicantsgetkickedoutinthefirstround,simplybecausetheydon’tfollowtheapplicationprocedureproperly.Moneyisanotherimportantconsideration.Somescholarshipsareprovidedbygovernments,othersbyschoolsandcolleges.Thisinformation,again,canbefoundontheInternet.Ifyoufindascholarshipthatissuitableforyou,followtheapplicationprocedurecarefully;theearlieryouapply,thebetteryourchanceofgettingit.24．Whydoestheauthorthinkstudyingabroadistrulyworthwhileaccordingtoparagraph1?A．Itisachancetodevelopyourcareer.B．Itisaninterestingexperience.C．Itisfuntotravelaroundtheworld.D．Allyourfriendsaredoingso. 25．Whatcanaschoolrankinglisttellus?A．Thenamesofalltheprofessors.B．Howgoodtheschooliscomparedtoothers.C．Howmuchthecoursescost.D．Wheretheschoolislocated.26．Whatarethethreebasicstepswhenyouapply?A．Buyanairplaneticket,readtheinstructionsandrequirements,andstudy.B．Writeareferenceletter,dopaperwork,andstudy.C．Preparereferenceletters,prepareschoolrecords,andfillintheapplicationform.D．Prepareschoolrecords,dopaperwork,andworkhard.27．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“getkickedoutinthefirstround”inParagraph3referto?A．losemoneyinthefirstroundB．getacceptedinthenextroundC．failtogettothenextroundD．getkickedbyaprofessor【答案】24-27ABCC【解析】本文属于说明文。本文介绍了出国留学的注意事项，包括弄清出国的目标，如何确定学校，以及出国留学的申请程序和准备材料。24．细节理解题。根据第一段Thismaybeawishtoperfectlanguageskillsinaforeignlanguageenvironment,oraclevermoveinyourcareerdevelopment可知，出国留学是真正值得的因为这是一个机会，在外语环境中完善自己的语言技能，以及发展你的事业。故选A。25．推理判断题。根据第二段Youcanfindalotofinformationonschoolrankingfromeducationwebsites.可知，学校排行榜告诉学校对比之间的一些信息。故选B。26．细节理解题。根据第三段Thisinvolvesfillinginapplicationform,preparingyourschoolrecords,andgettingreferenceletters可知，你申请的三个基本步骤是填写申请表，准备你的学校纪录，以及获得推荐信。故选C。 27．词义猜测题。根据第三段manyfineapplicantsgetkickedoutinthefirstround,simplybecausetheydon’tfollowtheapplicationprocedureproperly(可悲的是，许多优秀的申请者被踢出第一轮，只是因为他们不遵循申请程序)可知，第一轮被踢出，意味着没办法进入下一轮，故选C。CScientistshavefoundamountsofwatermoleculesinsiderocksandsoilsamplesfromMarsbefore.Butanancientmeteorite(陨石)foundrecentlycontains10timesmorewaterandmuchmoreoxygenthananyMartianImeteoriteeverbeforediscovered.What’ssowildaboutthiswetdiscovery?ItcouldmeanthattheRedPlanetoncehadenoughwatertohaveliquidflowingontheplanet’ssurface.ItwasoncebelievedthatifMarseverhadwateratall,itswaterwouldhavebeensmallamountsoficebelowthesurfaceorexistinginthesoilonlyashydrogenandoxygen---theelementsthatmakeupwater.ButrecentdiscoverieshaveshownthatMarsprobablyhadamuchwetterhistorythanformerlythought.Themeteorite,nicknamedBlackBeauty,wasfoundinAfrica’sSaharaDesertin2011.Onlyabout110meteoritesfromMarshaveeverbeenfound.ScientistsbelievemostMartianmeteoritesarrivedonourplanetduringonelargeasteroidcrash(小行星碰撞)thatsentrocksfallingtowardEarthlongago.BlackBeautyisabout2.1billionyearsold.ItsdiscoveryisthefirsttimescientistshavebeenabletostudysuchanancientMartianrock.It’salsooneofthefirsttimesscientistshavebeenabletostudyapieceofthepanel’sancientsurface.Thesample’swatermoleculesweresentoutwhenscientistsheatedthemeteoritetoanalyzeit.Scientiststhinkthemeteorite’shydrogenandoxygenmoleculesaresoplentifulbecausewaterflowingonMarsatthetimethismeteoritefelltoEarth,orbecausethesemoleculeswereoncesealedinlargequantitiesinMars’scrust.BlackBeautymightdomorethanjustunlocksecretsfromtheRedPlanet’spast.ThesediscoveriescouldalsohelpscientistsunderstandnewdataaboutMarsthat’sbeingsentfromtheroboticroverscurrentlygatheringinformationontheplanet. 28．Peopleusedtothinkthat.A．therewaslittlewateronMarsB．MarshadalotofflowingwaterC．alargequantityoficewasMarsD．MarswasmuchwetterthanEarth29．WhatdoweknowaboutBlackBeauty?A．ItwasdiscoveredinSeattleintheUSA．B．Itisthebiggestof110meteoritesfromMars.C．ItlandedonEarthafteranasteroidcrash.D．Ithasahistoryof2.1millionyears.30．HowdidthescientistsresearchBlackBeauty?A．Bycuttingitintopieces.B．Bydippingitintowater.C．Byburningitonafire.D．Byburyingitintoadesert.31．Thepassageismainlyabout.A．arockfromthecenterofMars.B．amajorMartianmeteoritediscoveryC．anewdiscoveryontheRedPlanetD．anumberofmeteoritesfromRedPlane【答案】28-31ACCB【解析】文章通过研究一个火星陨石得到的新发现，火星上含有大量的水。28．细节推理题。根据第三段ItwasoncebelievedthatifMarseverhadwateratall,itswaterwouldhavebeensmallamountsoficebelowthesurfaceorexistinginthesoilonlyashydrogenandoxygen可知人们以前认为火星上没有水，可能会有少量的冰。故选A。29．细节推理题。根据第四段ScientistsbelievemostMartianmeteoritesarrivedonourplanetduringonelargeasteroidcrash(小行星碰撞)thatsentrocksfallingtowardEarthlongago.可知BlackBeauty是小行星碰撞后落到地球上的，故选C。30．细节推理题。根据倒数第二段Thesample’swatermoleculesweresentoutwhenscientistsheatedthemeteoritetoanalyzeit.可知科学家们通过加热BlackBeauty来研究它里面的水，故选C。 31．推理判断题。文章通过研究一个火星陨石得到的新发现，火星上含有大量的水。故选B。DFordecades,ChinahadwantedaNobelPrizeinscience.TuYouyou,aresearcherwhohelpedtodevelopamalaria（疟疾）medicine,finallywonthecountrythathonor.Infact,TuisnottheonlyscientistinChinawhoiscatchingtheworld’sattention.In2016,theNaturejournalpublishedalistofthetop10sciencestarsinChina.GaoCaixiaandCuiWeichengaretwoofthem.GaoCaixiahasbeendevotedtogeneticengineeringforherwholecareer.SheisknownforusingCRISPR-Cas9,therevolutionarygene-editingtechniquethatissweepingthroughbiologylabsaroundtheworld–incrops.Atfirst,GaowasunwillingtotakeupgeneeditingusingCRISPR-Cas9becauseherlabattheChineseAcademyofSciences’InstituteofGeneticsandDevelopmentalBiologyinBeijinghadalreadycreatedmutations（变异）in82genesusinganoldertypeoftechnology.Butafterthinkingcarefullyaboutit,shedecidedtogiveitatry.Afterayearofhardwork,herlabfinallysucceeded.Gaoworkedongeneticengineeringinwheat,acropthatisfamousforbeingdifficulttoworkwith.Nowsheisconsideredoneofthebestintheworldatengineeringwheat.CuiWeichengisthedeveloperofChina’srecord-settingJiaolongsubmersible（潜水器）.HeisnowaprofessoratWestlakeUniversity.In2012,CuirodeinsideChina’sJiaolongsubmersibleandreachedadepthofmorethan7,000metersinthePacific.ThankstoJiaolongandthe57-year-olddeveloper,Chinaisnowoneofonlyafewnationsthatcanexplorethedeepsea.Jiaolongcantraveldeeperthananyothermannedresearchsubmersiblecurrentlyinuse,whichshowsChina’sincreasingambitionandleadershipindeep-searesearch.32．WhyisTuYouyoumentionedatthebeginningofthepassage?A．ToshowoneofChina’slong-helddreams. B．TostresstheimportanceoftheNobelPrize.C．TopraiseTuYouyouforhercontributions.D．TointroducemoretopChinesescientists.33．WhydidGaoCaixiaworkonwheat?A．Becauseshefailedinherattempttostudyothercrops.B．Becauseshewasexpertatwheatengineering.C．Becausewheatishardtobegeneticallyengineered.D．BecausewheatisthemostwidelyplantedcropinChina.34．WhatisCuiWeicheng’sbiggestcontributiontoChina?A．Heteachesaboutseaatauniversity.B．HedevelopedJiaolongsubmersible.C．Heisdevotedtogeneticengineering.D．Hereachedthebottomoftheocean.35．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．China’sScienceStarsB．China’sNobelPrizeDreamC．GaoCaixia－China’sCropEngineerD．CuiWeicheng－China’sDeepDiver【答案】32-35DCBA【解析】本文是一篇说明文，本文讲述了屠呦呦并不是中国唯一一个引起世界关注的科学家。《自然》杂志发布了中国十大科学明星名单。高彩霞和崔伟成就是其中的两位。32.细节理解题。由文章的第二段”Infact,TuisnottheonlyscientistinChinawhoiscatchingtheworld’sattention.In2016,theNaturejournalpublishedalistofthetop10sciencestarsinChina.GaoCaixiaandCuiWeichengaretwoofthem.”可知后文主要讲的是中国科学家高彩霞和崔伟的主要贡献。故D项：介绍更多中国顶尖科学家，为正确答案。33.推理判断题。本题题干意为：为什么高彩霞致力于小麦的研究?由文章第三段可知，因为高彩霞所在中国科学院的研究所的遗传学和发育生物学已经在在82 个基因中使用一个旧的技术创建突变(变异)。但仔细考虑之后，她决定试一试。故C项：因为小麦很难被基因改造，为正确选项。34.细节理解题。本题题干为：崔伟成对中国最大的贡献是什么?根据第六段CuiWeichengisthedeveloperofChina’srecord-settingJiaolongsubmersible（潜水器）以及最后一段崔伟成的发明对中国的影响来看，B项：他研制了蛟龙潜水器为正确答案。35.考查主旨大意。本题题干意为：文章最好的标题是什么？本文讲述了中国高彩霞和崔伟两位科学家及其成就。故A项：中国的科学明星为正确答案；B项：中国的诺贝尔奖梦（主题扩大）；C项：高彩霞——中国的农作物工程师（以偏概全）；D项：崔伟成——中国的深水潜水员（以偏概全）。故答案为A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Oneformofsocialprejudiceagainstolderpeopleisthebeliefthattheycannotunderstandorusemoderntechnology.____36____Isn'titunfairthatolderpeopleenjoyingacomputergameshouldbefrowneduponbytheirchildrenandgrandchildren?Nowadaysolderpeoplehavemorecontrolovertheirlivesandtheyplayafullpartinsociety.Moreover,betterhealthcarehasleftmorepeopleintheirsixtiesandseventiesfeelingfitandactiveafterretirement.____37____Playingcomputergamesisaveryeffectivewayofexercisingthebrain.Whenpersonalcomputerswerefirstintroduced,mostolderpeopledidn'tbelievetheywouldeverfamiliarizethemselveswithit.Nowcomputershavebeenaroundforafewgenerationsandretiredpeoplehavegraduallybecomemorerelaxedaboutusingthemforfun.____38____KateStevens,aged72,says,“Ifindplayingsuchgamesveryrelaxing.It'snotverydemanding,butyoustillneedtoconcentrate.”____39____There'sagreatervarietyofgamestochoosefrom,includingmoreintellectualandcomplexstrategyandsimulation(模拟)games.InternetChessandTrainSimulatorareamongthemostpopularofthese.TrainSimulatorisbasedon real-worldactivities.Playerscanchoosefromavarietyofchallengers,suchaskeepingtoastrict-timetableandusinghelperenginesduringawinterstorm.Somepeoplearguethat“greygamers”simplydon'thavetheskillsrequiredforcomputergames,andthatteenagersarebetter.____40____Mostcomputergamesrequirethekindofanalyticalthinkingthatimproveswithpractice,whichmeansthatthe“greygamers”maywellbefarbetterthangamershalfacenturyyoungerthanthem.Ingameswherespeedisthemainconsideration,olderpeoplewouldbeatadisadvantagebecausetheymayhaveslowerreactiontime.Ontheotherhand,“greygamers”haveapreferenceforslowerpaced,mindchallenginggames.A.ThisiswhereIdon’tagreeB.Thiscouldn'tbefurtherfromthetruth.C.Gamersover65preferplayingpuzzlegamesandcardgames.D.Mentalactivity,aswellasphysicalexercise,cancontributetobetterhealth.E.ThisprejudiceisbasedonthefollowingresearchconductedbysomepsychologistsinChicagoUniversity.F.ActivitieslikeplayingcomputergamesgoingontheNetanddownloadingMP3sareonlyfortheyoungsters.G.Anotherdevelopmentthathasfavored“greygamers”isachangeinthetypeofvideogamesavailableonthemarket.【答案】36.F37.D38.C39.G40.B【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章否定了老年人不能使用能现代技术这一偏见，从老年人自身的进步、游戏的发展变化和老人的“分析思维能力”优势几个方面证明老年人也是可以玩电脑游戏的。36．上文“Oneformofsocialprejudiceagainstolderpeopleisthebeliefthattheycannotunderstandorusemoderntechnology.(社会对老年人的一种偏见是认为他们不能理解或使用现代技术)”讲社会普遍对老年人有偏见，不认可老年人使用能现代技术，F项“Activitieslikeplayingcomputergames,goingontheNetanddownloadingMP3sareonlyfortheyoungsters.(像玩电脑游戏、上网和下载mp3这样的活动只适合年轻人)” 举例说明现代技术只适合年青人，不适合老年人，与上文是顺承关系，且句中“Activitieslikeplayingcomputergames,goingontheNetanddownloadingMP3s”是对上文“moderntechnology”的举例说明。故选F项。37．上文“betterhealthcarehasleftmorepeopleintheirsixtiesandseventiesfeelingfitandactiveafterretirement.(更好的医疗保健使更多六七十岁的人在退休后感到健康和活跃)”讲现在很多老年人身体状况很好，下文“Playingcomputergamesisaveryeffectivewayofexercisingthebrain.(玩电脑游戏是锻炼大脑的一种非常有效的方式)”讲电脑游戏锻炼大脑，D项由“Mentalactivity,aswellasphysicalexercise,cancontributetobetterhealth.”承上启下，由身体健康过渡到精神健康，句中“Mentalactivity”与下文“exercisingthebrain”相照应。故选D项。38．根据指代关系可知，下文“KateStevens,aged72,says,‘Ifindplayingsuchgamesveryrelaxing.It'snotverydemanding,butyoustillneedtoconcentrate.’(72岁的凯特·史蒂文斯说：‘我发现玩这样的游戏很放松。这不是很费力，但你仍然需要集中注意力。’)”中“suchgames”的指代对象应在上文中出现，即设空句中应提到“某类型的游戏”，C项“Gamersover65preferplayingpuzzlegamesandcardgames.(65岁以上的玩家更喜欢玩益智游戏和纸牌游戏)”中出现了其指代对象“puzzlegamesandcardgames”，且句中“Gamersover65”也与下文中“KateStevens,aged72”相照应。故选C项。39．根据上文可知，第三段讲到一种变化：电脑已经存在了几代人的时间，很多退休老人已经慢慢习惯将电脑游戏当作一种娱乐方式，这是“老人的发展变化”，根据第四段“There'sagreatervarietyofgamestochoosefrom,includingmoreintellectualandcomplexstrategyandsimulationgames.(有更多游戏可供选择，包括更智能、更复杂的策略和模拟游戏)”可知，第四段讲了“游戏的发展变化”，G项“Anotherdevelopmentthathasfavored‘greygamers’isachangeinthetypeofvideogamesavailableonthemarket.(另一个吸引‘灰色玩家’的发展变化是市场上电子游戏类型的改变)”承上启下，句中“Anotherdevelopment”表明与上文的并列关系，“achangeinthetypeofvideogamesavailableonthemarket”与下文“agreatervarietyofgamestochoosefrom”相照应。故选G项。40．根据上文“Somepeoplearguethat‘greygamers’simplydon'thavetheskillsrequiredforcomputergames,andthatteenagersarebetter.(有些人认为，‘灰色玩家’ 根本不具备玩电脑游戏所需的技能，青少年更优秀)”和下文“Mostcomputergamesrequirethekindofanalyticalthinkingthatimproveswithpractice,whichmeansthatthe‘greygamers’maywellbefarbetterthangamershalfacenturyyoungerthanthem.(大多数电脑游戏都需要不断练习的分析思维能力，这意味着‘灰色玩家’可能比比他们年轻半个世纪的玩家要优秀得多)”可知，上下文有转折关系，B项“Thiscouldn'tbefurtherfromthetruth.(这与事实相去甚远)”否定上文，引出下文观点，承上启下。故选B项。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Duringmyjunioryearofcollege,IsignedupforavolunteerTeachingprograminCostaRica.Itaughtataschoolwhichwaslocated（位于）withina41andeverydaybirdsandbutterfliesflewthroughoutourschool.Itwasbeautiful.Wewere42onCostaRica’sschoolsystem,thecountry,thelanguageandhowtoplanalesson.TheexperiencewasbeneficialtomyEnglishwriting43whenIgotbacktocollege,Ibeganwriting.Iwrotesomuchthatapieceofmywritingaboutthatexperiencewas44inFolio’sLiteraryMagazine.Becauseofthat,Iwasmore45tocontinueworkingabroad.After46,ImovedtoChinaandworkedinschoolstoteachreadingandwriting.Itwasalife-changing47ofmylife.Culturedifferences48meandevenconsumedmeinthebeginning,but49Ifellinlovewiththepeople,theirschoolsandtheirhistory.Upon50tomyhome,IbecameateacherinTrenton,NewJersey.ThemomentIsteppedintotheclassroom.Icouldempathize（感同身受）withmy51.ItrulyfeelvolunteeringinCostaRicawaswhereitall52andworkinginChinaenrichedmyleachinglife.IfIcoulddoanything53,itmightbevolunteeringorworkingabroadmorebeforesettlingdown. The54I’vemadethroughvolunteeringandworkingabroadareanEnglishmajor’sdreamandIhopethateveryEnglishmajor55thechancetostudyorworkabroad.41．A．desertB．seaC．forestD．river42．A．praisedB．educatedC．interviewedD．commented43．A．becauseB．unlessC．althoughD．if44．A．exchangedB．readC．rejectedD．published45．A．depressedB．determinedC．frightenedD．relaxed46．A．graduationB．requirementC．operationD．ceremony47．A．shelterB．expectationC．moveD．conflict48．A．confusedB．amuseC．comfortD．excited49.A.easilyB.graduallyC.strangelyD.usually50．A．belongB．pointingC．returningD．referring51．A．volunteersB．classmatesC．colleaguesD．students52．A．repliedB．disappearedC．escapedD．started53．A．correctlyB．sincerelyC．differentlyD．strictly54．A．excusesB．discoveriesC．preparationsD．decisions55．A．jumpsatB．standsforC．turnsdownD．speaksour【答案】41-45CBADB46-50ACABC51-55DDCBA【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者在哥斯达黎加的志愿者活动以及旅居在中国时的经验都成为了作者回到祖国后成为老师时宝贵的经验，作者也希望更多学习英语专业的学生能够抓住在国外工作的机会。41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校位于森林中，每天都有鸟类和蝴蝶飞过我们学校。分析句子可知，后文提到我们学校附近有蝴蝶和鸟类飞过，由此判断作者的学校应该是在森林里。故选C。42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们接受了关于哥斯达黎加学校制度、国家、语言和如何规划课程的教育。第一段提到“IsignedupforavolunteerteachingprograminCostaRica”作者参加了一项志愿者教学计划，因此应该是在学校里接受相关的教育。故选B。 43．考查连词辨析。句意：这种经历对我的写作有好处，因为当我回到大学时，我就开始了写作。作者参加的教育培训活动与作者在大学时的写作经验之间存在因果关系，因此需选择表示因果关系的连词。故选A。44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我写了非常多的文章，以至于我在《文学》杂志上发表了一篇关于那段经历的文章。根据“Folio’sLiteraryMagazine.”可知，作者写的文章应该是发表在杂志上。故选D。45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正因如此，我更加下定决心继续在国外工作。作者将自己在国外学习工作的经验写成文章发表在杂志上的事情是对自己的一种鼓励，因此坚定了自己继续在国外工作的决心。且此处为固定词组bedeterminedtodosth.，意为“下定决心做某事”。故选B。46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：毕业后，我移居中国一年，在学校教阅读和写作。前文讲述了作者在大学期间参加的志愿教学培训活动，后文讲述了作者在中国工作的情况，由此判断是在作者大学毕业后，故选A。47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对我来讲是改变人生的一个举动。根据后文可知，作者移居到中国后不仅在博客上发表文章，还出了自己的书，由此判断作者在中国发展决定是改变了自己人生的一个举动。故选C。48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最开始的时候，文化的差异使我非常的困惑，也消耗了我很多精力，但渐渐地，我爱上了这里的人、学校和这里的历史。作者是旅居在中国的外国人，因此肯定会产生文化上的差异，而这种差异肯定会使人产生困惑。故选A。49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最开始的时候，文化的差异使我非常的困惑，也消耗了我很多精神，但渐渐地，我爱上了这里的人、学校和这里的历史。文化上的差异需要不断的学习和融合才能消除，由此判断作者应是逐渐地接受了文化上的差异，并爱上中国的事物。故选B。50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到家乡后，我在新泽西州的特伦顿当了一名教师。前文提到作者旅居中国一年，后文提到了作者在Trenton,NewJersey新泽西州的特伦顿成为了一名老师，由此判断作者回到了自己的祖国。故选C。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我踏进教室时，我可以和我的学生感同身受。作者回到自己的国家后成为了一名老师，因此在教室内面对的应该是自己的学生。故选D。52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的觉得在哥斯达黎加做志愿者是这一切的开始。前文提到了作者在大学时参加了在哥斯达黎加的志愿者活动，使得作者想要成为一名老师，由此判断这是作者成为老师的起点。故选D。53．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我能做任何不同的事情的话，在定居之前，有可能是志愿者活动或者是在国外工作。作者所经历的事情都带给了他不同的经验和感受，而作者在成为一名老师之前，可以有着不同的尝试。故选C。54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我所作的志愿者工作和在国外工作的发现是英语专业学生的梦想，我也希望每个英语专业的学生都能有机会去国外学习或者工作。作者参加志愿者活动和在国外工作带给作者不同的感受和发现。故选B。55．考查动词词组辨析。句意：我所作的志愿者工作和在国外工作的发现是英语专业学生的梦想，我也希望每个英语专业的学生都能有机会去国外学习或者工作。jumpsat立即抓住；standsfor代表；turnsdown调低；关小；speaksout畅所欲言。不管是参加志愿者活动还是去国外工作都是非常好的机会，作者也希望学习英语专业的学生能够抓住这些机会。故选A。第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ifyouonlygotsixhours'shuteyelastnight,thereisnoneed___56___(lose)sleepoverit.Scientistssaythatthoughitis___57___(wide)believedthatweneedeighthoursofsleepanight,sixtosevenhoursisthenaturalamount.Advisingshort-sleeperstoresteasy,theUSresearcherssay,___58___(have)importantimplications(暗示,含义)fortheideathatweneedtotakesleepingpillsbecausesleephasbeenreducedfrom___59___(it)naturallevelbythewidespreaduseofelectricity,TV,theInternetandsoon.' Theleadauthorofastudy,Ghandi,said:“There'sthe___60___(expect)thatweshouldallbesleepingforeightorninehoursanight,andifwetookawaymoderntechnology,wewouldbesleepingmore.Butnow,forthefirsttime,weareshowingthat’snot___61___truth.”Mostofthose___62___werestudiedsleptforlessthansevenhoursanight,withtheaverageamountjustsixhoursand25minutes.Thisismuchlessthantheeighthoursoften___63___(recommend)inwesternsocieties.Despitethis,thepeoplestudiedwereingoodhealth,___64___lowerratesofobesity(肥胖症),betterbloodpressureand___65___(healthy)heartsthanpeopleinindustrialisedsocieties.Theywerealsofitter.【答案】56.tolose57.widely58.has59.its60.expectation61.the62.who63.recommended64.with65.healthier【解析】这是一篇说明文。研究表明：和八小时的睡眠相比，一个晚上六到七个小时的睡眠更好。56．考查固定句式。Thereisnoneedtodosth.是固定句式，意为“没有必要做某事”，故填tolose。57．考查副词。该空修饰动词believe，需用副词，故填widely。58．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：建议睡眠不足的人放松休息对我们需要服用安眠药的想法有重要意义。根据下文可知，该句应用一般现在时态。且主语为动名词，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，故谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式，故填has。59．考查代词。句意：由于电力、电视、互联网等的广泛使用，睡眠已从其自然水平上减少了。该空修饰后面的名词level，应该用形容词性物主代词，故填its。60．考查名词。句意：人们期望我们每晚睡八到九个小时，如果我们将现代科技拿开，我们就会睡得更多。该题考查Therebe+n.结构，该空作表语，因此应该填名词。且根据“Therebe+n.”结构中，be动词和n.保持形式上的一致”原则，该空应该填单数名词expectation。 61．考查冠词。句意：我们第一次证明这不是事实。truth经常和定冠词the连用，故该空填the。62．考查定语从句。句意：大多数接受研究的人每晚睡眠时间不到7个小时，平均睡眠时间只有6小时25分钟。___7___werestudied是定语从句，修饰those，指人，引导词在从句中作主语，当先行词为those时，引导词只能用who。故填who。63．考查非谓语动词。句意：这比西方社会经常推荐的8小时要少得多。该空作定语，修饰theeighthours，theeighthours和recommend之间是被动关系，需用过去分词作定语，故填recommended。64．考查介词。句意：尽管如此，与工业化社会的人相比，研究人员身体健康，肥胖率更低，血压水平更好，心脏更健康。该空后面是三个名词，且该空表示伴随情况，故该空填介词with。65．考查比较级。句意：尽管如此，与工业化社会的人相比，研究人员身体健康，肥胖率更低，血压水平更好，心脏更健康。该空修饰名词hearts，应用形容词。且根据前文的lower，better可知，该空应该填healthy的比较级，故填healthier。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）假设你是李华，你的笔友Tom发邮件询问你崇拜的伟人。请你给他回封邮件。内容包括：1.你最崇拜的伟人是谁；2.你崇拜他（她）的原因；3.你认为伟人需要有什么品质。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearTom，Iamgladtoreceiveyoure-mailandtalkaboutthegreatestpersonthatIadmiremost.IadmireMadamCuriethemost,thegreatestwomanchemistintheworld,whonotonlydiscoveredradium,butalsodevotedherdiscoverytosavinglotsofinjuredsoldiersduringtheFirstWorldWar.Besides，MadamCuriewasnotinterestedinfameorwealthatall,althoughshewontheNobelPrizetwice.Inmyopinion,greatpersonsshouldbeselfless,generousandactive,forwhichwecanreallyadmirethem.Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkagreatpersonshouldhave?Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。PeteSparkswasaverykindandwarm-heartedboybuthewasalsosuchasensitiveboythatevenhishairwasticklish（怕痒的）.Youonlytouchedhishairalittlebitandhewouldburstoutlaughing.Andwhenthisticklishlaughterstarted，noonecouldmakehimstop.AndoncePetebegantolaugh,otherswouldfollowhimandcouldn’tstoplaughing，either.Petewasveryboredwithhisticklishness,andhedidn’twanttoinfluenceothers.Petetriedeverythingtocontrolhisticklishness，butnothingworked.Sohebegantofeelsadforbeingdifferent.Heevendidn’twanttoplaywithhisfriends.Hefeltlonelyandhelpless.Thiswentonuntil,onedayinthestreet，whenhewaswalkingalone,hemetaspecialclown.Theclownwasveryoldandhadsomedifficultyinwalking,butwhenhesawPeteintears,hewentuptohimandcheeredhimup.Itdidn’t takelongtomakePetelaugh,andtheystartedtotalk.Petetoldhimabouthisticklishproblem,andhesaidthathedidn’thaveanymethodstocontrolhisticklishness.Peteaskedtheclownhowsuchanoldmancouldcarryonbeingaclown.“Ihavenoonetoreplaceme,”saidtheclown,“andIhaveaveryseriousjobtodo,andIlikeit,butsometimesIreallyfeelthatI’mtoooldtodoagoodjob.”Petelookedathim,surprised,wonderingwhatkindofjobtheoldmandid.“Ifyoulike,pleasecomewithmeandI’llshowyouwhatIdo,”saidtheclown．Para.1:SotheclowntookPetealloverthecity,visitingmanyhospitals.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para.2:ThatwashowPetebecameaclownfromthatdayon.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Para.1:SotheclowntookPetealloverthecity,visitingmanyhospitals.Thesehospitalswerefullofchildrenwhoweresick.Theysufferedfromkindsofillness.Butassoonastheysawtheclown,theirfaceschangedcompletelyandlitupwithasmile.Theirshorttimespentwiththeclownchangedeverythingforthem.Thatdaywasevenmorespecial,becauseineveryshowPete’slaughterwouldendupwiththekidslyingonthefloor,laughing.Whenthevisitcametoanend，theoldclownstaredatPeteandsaid,“NowdoyouseewhyIcan’tretire,evenatmyage?”Para.2: ThatwashowPetebecameaclownfromthatdayon.Petedidn’treplacetheoldclowncompletely,andsometimeshewouldcometohospitalsandmakethechildrenlaugh.Petedidn’tfeellonelyanddifferentanymore；infact,hisbeingdifferentactuallymadehimhappy.Hisspecialgiftmadeotherslaughandalsomadehimselfhappy.