辽宁省铁岭市2022届新高三英语上学期开学考试试题（Word版附答案）

高三开学一考第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A      Ourtinyboatwasploughingthrough(费力穿过)thewavesacrosstheIndianOceanandIwasabsolutelyfreezing.Thefurtherwegotfromtheshelteroftheland,themoreIthoughthowfoolishI'dbeentocomealongonthistrip.      Thepilotoftheboatlookedalmost60but,perhapsbecauseofalifetimeontheopenseainthehotsun,wasveryfitandstrong.Iwaswonderinghowhemanagedtofindhisway.Tome,itseemeddifficultenoughtonavigateaboatwithoutanyelectronicequipmentevenonasunnyday.      Soatleastweweresafe.Butthiswasnotwhatwehadcomealongfor.Alookattheotherdivers'facessuggestedthatnowtheywerealsodoubtfulthatwe'devergetthechancetoseeawhaleshark—theseweatherconditionsweretotallyunsuitablefordiving!Noneofusspoke.Itseemedtoomuchofaneffort.Thensuddenlytheboatmanstoppedtheengine.Hesaidafewwordsinhisownlanguagetothediving,instructor,whoimmediatelyjumpedupfromhisseatandtoldustogetreadytodive.      WhenIjumpedintothegreysea,IwassureIwouldn'tseeanything.Butthen...thereitwas!Anenormouswhaleshark,slowlyswimmingthroughthewater.Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes—myfirstwhaleshark!Ihardlydaredbreathe—Iwasafraidmystreamsofbubbles(气泡) mightscarethehugecreatureaway.Andtheotherdiverswereequallyawed.Slowlyweapproachedthishugeanimal.Itwasswimmingquiteslowlyandwewereabletoswimwithit,lookingatthebeautifulmarkingsonitsback.Iwasstillholdingmybreath,tellingmyselfthatthishugefishwasharmless!ThenIreachedoutandtouchedit,stroking (轻抚)itsthickskin.Itwasamazinghowthisgiantsuddenlygainedspeed—wewatcheditasitswamawayfromus,andafewmomentslateritwasgone.21.WhileridingatinyboatacrosstheIndianOcean,theauthor_____.A.volunteeredtoactasapilot      B.feltregretabouthisdecisionC.enjoyedthebeautifulsunshine    D.talkedwithotherpeoplehappily22.Theauthorprobablywantedtoknowhowtheboatman_____.A.keptfitinhissparetime   B.spenthislifeontheboatC.navigatedhisboatatsea   ,D.communicatedwithothers23.Whatwasthepurposeoftheauthor'strip?A.Toseeawhaleshark.   B.Tolearnhowtodive.C.ToswimtheIndianOcean.  D.Tosaveunderwatercreatures.24.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterhejumpedintothesea?A.Ratheranxiousandangry.   B.Alittlescaredbutexcited.C.Doubtfulanddisappointed.   D.Abittiredbutlaterrelaxed. BHistorytellsusthatfootwearwasoneofthefirstthingsancientpeoplelearnedtomake.Footwearhelpedthemacrossrockypathsorhotsandswithoutinjuringthemselves.Theearliestfootwearweknowofwassimplyapieceofplaited(编织的)grassorleathertiedtothefeet.TheancientEgyptiansseemtohaveinventedthefirstfootwearwithafirmsole(鞋底) —sandals.Egyptianroyaltyusuallyworesandalsthathadadifferentstylefromthosewithlesserstatus(身份),whileslaveswerenotallowedtowearanythingontheirfeet.Thesandalisstillthebasicformoffootwearinmanycountries,particularlythosewithahotclimate,whereasincoldclimates,anentirelydifferenttypeofshoeappeared—themoccasin—aslipper-shapedshoemadeofsoftbutstrongleather.,TheGreekswerethefirsttodevelopshoeswithheels(鞋跟).Then,intheMiddleAges,shoeswithlongpointsatthetoebecamevery chic forthenobility.Theseshoeswereoftenverydifficulttowear.Othertrendsfollowed,withsquare-toedshoes,wideshoes,andevenshoesthatcouldmakeawomanstandtwofeettaller.Notsurprisingly,thesesometimesledtoaccidents.Eventoday,fashionratherthancomfortoftenleadstothekindof shoes womenwear.Mechanicalshoemakingappearedinthe1800sinNorthAmerica.Untilthen,shoeshadbeenmadewiththesamekindsofhandtoolsusedbytheancientEgyptians.Andin1858,amachinewasinventedthatcouldstitch(缝合)thesoleofashoetotheupperpart.Nowitwaspossibletomakeshoesthatwereshapedtofiteithertheleftorrightfoot.Towardtheendofthe1800scameanewtypeofshoethatwasspecificallydesignedforsports—thesneaker—anditsoonbecomeanall-timefavorite.25.Whatdidshoesoftenshowinancienttimes?A.Therichresources.           B.People'sdifferentbeliefs.C.People'sstatusinsociety.      D.Thechangeableclimates.,26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“chic”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Valuable. B.Convenient.C.Fashionable.D.Comfortable.27.Beforemechanicalshoemakingappeared,_____.A.shoeswereoftenverydifficultforpeopletowearB.alltheshoepatternsmadebytheGreekswerethesameC.theonlyfunctionoffootwearwastoprotectpeople'sfeetD.peopleworethesame-shapedshoesontheirtwofeet28.Howdoesthetextmainlydevelop?A.Byprovidingexamples.   B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Byfollowingtheorderoftime.  D.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.CThecoffeegiantStarbucksisonceagainapopularsearchontheinternet,andtherearepeoplewhothinkthatcoffeeisnowreplacingteaasthemostpopulardrinkinChina.But,isthatreallyso?StarbucksopeneditsbiggestcaféshopintheworldinShanghaithisWednesday.Thecoffeegiantsaysthiswillnotonlygivecustomerstheusualgreatcoffee,butalsogivethemthefullexperienceofhowthe,magicalcoffeebeansgetroastedtobecomethosewonderfuldropsthatmakeupyourfavoritedrinks.ItisliketheWillyWonkafactoryforcoffeelovers.Thecompanyisexpandingaggressively,andopeninganewstoreevery15hoursonaverageinChina.Chinahasveryrichandsplendidteaculture.Whatseemslikethemostenjoyablethingistodrink acupofteaonaquietdaythatisfullof"Zen"(禅)spirit.Butthefast-paceoflifesometimesdoesn'tallowthat.Sothereareteashopownerslocatingtheirshopsinthedowntownareainordertoprovidequickserviceforcustomers.TakeHeyteaforexample.It'soneofthemosthighlyratedteashopsandithasnowopenedseveralnewbranchesinthebusinessareasofbigcitieslikeBeijing.Waitinginlinesforlongerthanonehouriscommon.China'sconsumptionofteaisimmeasurable.AccordingtoaresearchofUSCInstitute,inChina,theaveragepersonconsumes400cupsofteaperyear.Soitisunlikelythatcoffeecanreplaceteaasthecountry'smaindrinkanytimesoon.Theexpandingcoffeeshopsarenottheretoreplacetea,buttoprovidepeoplewithanotherchoicethattheycanusetoenjoylife.29.WhichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrectaboutStarbucks?A.TheshopopenedinShanghaisimplyworksasadrinkingplace.,B.Starbuckscanonlybeseeninthedowntownareaofacity.C.StarbucksholdsacertainshareofChinesedrinkingmarket.D.Starbuckssuppliestheworldwiththebest-tastingcoffee.30.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthethirdparagraph?A.TeacultureisrootedintheheartsofChinesecitizens.B.Theenjoymentofteadrinkingcanonlybeexperiencedinaquietplace.C.Teaconsumptionholdsthelargestshareofworlddrinkingmarket.D.ThefastpaceofmodernlifemakesteadrinkingnolongerpleasantinChina.31.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetocoffeeandteainChina?A.TeamaybringmorepleasuretoChinesecitizens’life.B.CoffeewillreplaceteainChinesedrinkingmarket.C.Bothcoffeeandteawillmakepeople’slifeenjoyable.D.CoffeeandteagainthesamepopularityinChina.DChildrenthinkotheryoungsterswhowearglasseslooksmarterandaremorehonestthanthosewhodon'twearglasses,accordingtoaU.S.studyof80children.Inaddition,theresearchersfoundthatchildrenseldomjudgepeers(同龄人)wearingglassesintermsofappearance.,Thestudyincluded42girlsand38boys,aged6to10.Ofthose,30woreglasses,34hadatleastoneclassmatewithglasses,andalmosttwo-thirdshadatleastoneparentwhoworeglasses.Thestudyparticipantswereshown24pairsofpicturesofchildren.Thechildrenineachpairofpicturesdifferedbygender(性别)andrace,andeachpairofpicturesincludedonechildwithglassesandonechildwithoutglasses.Thechildrenwereaskedaseriesofquestionsabouteachpairofphotos.Abouttwo-thirdssaidchildrenwearingglasseslookedsmarterthanthosewithoutglasses,and57percentsaidchildrenwearingglasseslookedmorehonest.Thesefindingsmayhelpcomfortchildrenasthey'refittedfortheirfirstpair ofglasses,leadauthorJeffreyWalline,anassistantprofessorofoptometry(视力测试法)atOhioStateUniversity,suggestedinapreparedstatement."Iftheimpressionoflookingsmarterwillappealtoachild,Iwouldusethatinformationandtellthechilditisbasedonresearch.Mostkidsgettingglassesforthefirsttimearesensitiveabouthowthey'regoingtolook.Somekidssimplyrefusetowearglasses,becausetheythinkthey'lllookugly,"Wallinesaid.32.Whatimpressionmayayoungsterwearingapairofglassesleaveonhisclassmate?A.Ugly. B.Easygoing.   C.Dynamic. D.Intelligent.,33.Whichofthefollowingiscorrectabouttheparticipantsofthestudy?A.Mostofthemworeglassesatanearlyage.B.Mostofthemhadonefamilymemberwearingglasses.C.Theyobservedchildrenofdifferentagesineachpicture.D.Theywererequiredtoanswerthesamequestions.34.Whymaytheresultofthestudycomfortthechildrenfirstwearingglasses?A.Becausethestudyiscarriedoutinascientificway.B.Becauseitconvincesthemofthenecessityofwearingglasses.C.Becauseitmayhelpremovealltheirinitialworries.D.Becausethechildrendocareaboutbeingsmarter.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthisarticle?A.WearingGlasses,SmarterLooking.    B.WearingGlasses,MoreIntelligent.C.ConcernsonWearingGlasses.        D.WearingGlasses,aNewTrend.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappy?,Psychologists(心理学家）havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness,butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy， researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedwithhappiness.    36    .Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding.Latelastyear,Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedones,andisn’tmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.Still,chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments,psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassengers一somethingtheytypicallyavoided.      37    .Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat，madeeyecontactwith,andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas(服务员）reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction(交易）.    38    Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers,thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.[    39    .Inonestudy,peoplewhowererated“lesscurious”byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirown,and,hadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure(透露）.Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.     40    .    A.Thesameistrueofgallerygoers.B.TheyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedwithhappinessC.Butdon’tplaydownsmalltalkjustyet..D.Ofcourse,somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomething bigger.E.A“curiousmindset”，theauthorconcluded,canleadto“positivesocialinteractions”.F.Makingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations.G.Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney. 学科网ZXXK]第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Recently,theideathatlisteningtoclassicalmusiccanincreaseintelligence,especiallyin  41 ,hascaughttheattentionofthemedia,,researchers,andparentsaroundtheglobe.Intheearly1990s,researchersfromFranceandtheUSpublishedarticlesthatsaid  42  Mozartfor10minutestemporarily  43  performanceonIQtestsandchallengingtasks.44 ,themediaquicklybeganreportingonthe“Mozarteffect”.In1997,DonCampbellpublishedabookaboutthis  45  phenomenon.Campbellsaidthatclassical  46  couldimprovehealthandmemory,preventmentalandphysicaldisorders,and  47  stressanddepression.Hesoon  48  with TheMozartEffectforChildren,aswellasCDsandproductsforparentsofyoungchildren.Today,awideselectionofsimilarproductsis  49 ,including BabyMozart and BabyBach,twobestsellingDVDsinthepopular BabyEinstein series.Thereareevenmusicplayersspecially  50  forexpectant(预产期的)motherstowearontheirstomachs.  51,babiescanlistentoclassicalmusicbeforethey'reeven  52 . 53 ,thereissomedoubtsurroundingthe“Mozarteffect”.Parents  54 whetheritisaprovenrealityorjustafad(潮流)designedtomakemoney.FrancesH.Rauscher,apsychologistandauthorofoneoftheoriginalstudies,is  55 .Muchoftheoriginal  56  pointedtotemporaryimprovementsonspecifictasks.She  57  thesefindingshavebeenincorrectlydescribedasageneralincreasein  58 .“Idon'tthinkitcanhurt,”Rauschersaid.Yetsheaddedthat  59  maystillwanttothink,twice  60 spendingafortunetryingtomakeagenius(天才)outoftheirbaby.41.A.scientists   B.musicians   C.adults   D.babies42.A.joiningin   B.dreamingof  C.talkingabout  D.listeningto43.A.improved   B.measured   C.provided   D.enjoyed44.A.Onthewhole  B.Asaresult  C.Onthecontrary D.Inotherwords45.A.common   B.natural   C.interesting  D.alarming46.A.literature   B.music   C.world   D.education47.A.cause   B.place   C.reduce   D.limit48.A.began    B.dealt   C.agreed   D.followed49.A.useless   B.priceless   C.available   D.changeable50.A.tested   B.designed   C.searched   D.collected51.A.Bytheway  B.Inthisway  C.Ontheway  D.Alltheway52.A.born   B.lost   C.trained   D.invited53.A.Besides   B.Therefore   C.Instead   D.However54.A.check   B.question   C.determine   D.evaluate55.A.real   B.right   C.normal   D.doubtful56.A.anxiety   B.material   C.research   D.argument57.A.cheers   B.expects   C.remembers  D.believes58.A.costs   B.health   C.disorders   D.intelligence59.A.teachers   B.experts   C.parents   D.players,60.A.after   B.unless   C.before   D.as第Ⅱ卷第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modemmethods63trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(错觉)thatpopulationsare68(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of69nineteen,recognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.第四部分：写作书面表达（满分25分）假定你是高二学生李华，下周六3月23日晚6:00-8:00你校将在礼堂举办一场融合中西文化元素的音乐会。你的外籍老师Linda非常喜欢音乐，请你发一封email邀请她参加此次活动。内容包括以下要点：1. 发出邀请；2. 活动时间和地点；3．活动内容和意义。DearLinda，Howareyoudoingrecently?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Lihua英语参考答案阅读理解21-25BCABC26-30CDCCA 31-35CDBAA36--40. CGADE完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）41-45DDABC    46-50BCDCB       51-55BADBD    56-60CDDCC语法填空,61.that62.poorly63.of/for64.toperform65.havereport66.belief67.noting68.higher69.the70.are书面表达（满分25分）Onepossibleversion:DearLinda，Howareyoudoingrecently?Ourschoolwillholdamusicalconcertnextweek.I’mwritingthislettertoinviteyoutoattendit,becauseIknowyouhavegreatinterestinmusic.   Theconcertwillbeheldinourschoolhallfrom6pm.to8pm.onMarch23nextSaturday.Duringtheconcert,wecannotonlyappreciateclassicalfolkmusicofChinaandwesterncountries,butsomemusicoriginallycomposedbyourstudents.AndyouwillbeimpressedbythecombinationofChinesefolkmusicwithwesternmusicalinstruments.I believeyouwillenjoyyourselfthen.Lookingforwardtoyourcoming.                                                                      Yours,                                                                      Lihua